FLAME-RETARDANT AND WINDPROOF WADDING AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF

Abstract

The invention provides a flame-retardant and windproof wadding, which is obtained by using a polymer containing an imide ring as a base material and interlacing and compounding it with at least one polyester fiber in a spinning stage; and a preparation method and special equipment thereof. The characteristics and advantages of the present invention are as follows: the flame-retardant and windproof wadding provided by the present invention uses polyimide fiber as the base material and various fibers; through the adjustment of the preparation method and special equipment, the improvement of the windproof, thermal insulation and flame-retardant effect of the wadding is finally realized; and the same time, various fibers in the wadding are highly mixed, forming a homogeneous, moderately cross-linked and fluffy mixed structure, which can greatly reduce the probability of falling off of the layered structure in the traditional process.

Claims

1. A flame-retardant and windproof wadding, characterized in that, it is obtained by using a polymer containing an imide ring as a base material and interlacing and compounding it with at least one polyester fiber in a spinning stage.

2. The flame-retardant and windproof wadding of claim 1, characterized in that, the polymer containing an imide ring is polyimide fiber.

3. The flame-retardant and windproof wadding of claim 1, characterized in that, the polyester fiber is selected from one or more of flame-retardant viscose fiber, flame-retardant polyester fiber, flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber and low melting point composite fiber; in parts by weight, the polyimide fiber is 12-28 parts, and the polyester fiber is 38-66 parts.

4. The flame-retardant and windproof wadding of claim 3, characterized in that, the flame-retardant viscose fiber is organic flame-retardant viscose fiber or inorganic flame-retardant viscose fiber; the limiting oxygen index of the flame-retardant polyester fiber and the flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber is 26-34; the low melting point composite fiber is a sheath-core structure composite fiber, the melting point of the sheath layer is 110-180 C., and the melting point of the core layer is 250-260 C.

5. The flame-retardant and windproof wadding of claim 4, characterized in that, the polyimide fiber has a fineness of 0.5-7 dtex and a length of 25-55 mm; the flame-retardant viscose fiber has a fineness of 1.5-2 dtex and a length of 45-55 mm; the flame-retardant polyester fiber has a fineness of 0.5-2 dtex and a length of 30-35 mm; the flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber has a fineness of 3-4 dtex and a length of 60-70 mm; and the low melting point composite fiber has a fineness of 3-5 dtex and a length of 45-55 mm.

6. The flame-retardant and windproof wadding of claim 1, characterized in that, the wadding also includes a bacteriostatic agent and/or a flame retardant.

7. A special spinning equipment for a flame-retardant and windproof wadding, characterized in that, the flame-retardant and windproof wadding is the flame-retardant and windproof wadding of claim 1, and the special spinning equipment comprises: a spinneret, spinneret orifices arranged on the spinneret and a grid mixing structure arranged outside the spinneret orifices; the special spinning equipment is used for interweaving and compounding in the spinning stage during the preparation of the flame-retardant and windproof wadding.

8. The special spinning equipment for a flame-retardant and windproof wadding of claim 7, characterized in that, in the spinneret orifices, the geometry of the guide holes is a cone-bottomed cylindrical shape, a conical shape, a hyperbolic shape, two stage cylindrical shape and/or flat-bottomed cylindrical shape.

9. The special spinning equipment for a flame-retardant and windproof wadding of claim 8, characterized in that, the grid mixing structure is composed of several adjustable grid plates, and the width of the grid plates is 2-5 mm, the width of the gaps between the grid plates can be adjusted between 2-5 mm.

10. A preparation method of a flame-retardant and windproof wadding, characterized in that, the flame-retardant and windproof wadding is the flame-retardant and windproof wadding of claim 1, and the specific operations of the preparation method are as follows: S1. The polyester fibers are spun and mixed by the special spinning equipment of claim 7 to form a mixed fiber layer; S2. Base material ultrafine fibers of polymer containing an imide ring are spun onto the mixed fiber layer obtained in step S1 to obtain semi-finished wadding; S3. The semi-finished wadding obtained in step S2 is covered with another layer of the mixed fiber layer to form a sandwich structure of double mixed fiber layers, that is, to obtain the flame-retardant and windproof wadding.

11. The flame-retardant and windproof wadding of claim 2, characterized in that, the polyimide fiber is one or more of aliphatic polyimide fibers, semi-aromatic polyimide fibers and aromatic polyimide fibers. The flame-retardant and windproof wadding of claim 2, characterized in that, the polyimide fiber is one or more of aliphatic polyimide fibers, semi-aromatic polyimide fibers and aromatic polyimide fibers.

12. The flame-retardant and windproof wadding of claim 2, characterized in that, a degree of polymerization of the polyimide fibers is 20-300.

13. The flame-retardant and windproof wadding of claim 3, characterized in that, the polyester fiber comprises, in parts by weight, 27-33 parts of the flame-retardant viscose fiber, 3-13 parts of the flame-retardant polyester fiber, 5-11 parts of the flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber and/or 3-9 parts of the low melting point composite fiber.

14. The flame-retardant and windproof wadding of claim 4, characterized in that, the flame-retardant viscose fiber is pyrophosphate-based flame-retardant viscose fiber or silicon-based flame-retardant viscose fiber.

15. The flame-retardant and windproof wadding of claim 6, characterized in that, the flame retardant is carbon-nitrogen flame retardant agent or phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant.

16. The special spinning equipment for a flame-retardant and windproof wadding of claim 7, characterized in that, the spinneret orifices are composed of interconnected guide holes and capillary holes, the guide holes are used to introduce melt or solution, and the capillary holes are used to spin streams of the melt or the solution.

17. The special spinning equipment for a flame-retardant and windproof wadding of claim 8, characterized in that, in the spinneret orifices, the geometry of the guide holes is conical shape and/or hyperbolic shape; a distance between the spinneret orifices is 2-5 cm, and a distance between the spinneret orifices and the grid mixing structure is 1-3 cm.

18. The special spinning equipment for a flame-retardant and windproof wadding of claim 9, characterized in that, a material of the grid mixing structure is the same as a material of the inner wall of the spinneret orifice; a temperature of the grid mixing structure is 65-75% of a temperature in the spinneret orifice, so as to facilitate the dispersion, cooling, interweaving and compounding of the spun threads.

19. The special spinning equipment for a flame-retardant and windproof wadding of claim 9, characterized in that, the grid mixing structure is a structure that can be translated periodically; and the translation period is 1-3 mm/s.

20. The preparation method of a flame-retardant and windproof wadding of claim 10, characterized in that, the operations from step S2 to step S3 are performed at least once; the polyester fibers are spun at a temperature of 40-80 C.; the base material ultrafine fibers of polymer are spun at a temperature of 50-70 C., the polyester fibers are spun at a speed of 0.20-0.45 m/min; and the base material ultrafine fibers of polymer are spun at a speed of 0.25-0.35 m/min.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0061] In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the examples of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the examples. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some examples of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0062] FIG. 1 shows the spinning structure of the special spinning equipment for a flame-retardant and windproof wadding; wherein, 1 is a spinneret, 2 is a capillary hole, 3 is a guide hole (A is a cone-bottomed cylindrical shape, B is a conical shape, C is a hyperbolic shape, D is a two stage cylinder shape, and E is a flat-bottomed cylinder shape), 4 is a grid mixing structure, and 5 is a grid plate.

[0063] FIG. 2 shows the appearance of the finished product of the flame-retardant and windproof wadding product provided in Example 4 of the present invention.

[0064] FIG. 3 shows a low magnification view of the internal structure of the flame-retardant and windproof wadding product provided in Example 4 of the present invention.

[0065] FIG. 4 shows a high magnification view of the internal structure of the flame-retardant and windproof wadding product provided in Example 4 of the present invention.

[0066] FIG. 5 shows an electron microscope enlarged view of the internal structure of the flame-retardant and windproof wadding product provided in Example 4 of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The technical solutions in the examples of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the examples of the present invention. Obviously, the described examples are only some, but not all, examples of the present invention. Based on the examples of the present invention, all other examples obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0068] The raw material source used in the present invention:

[0069] Polyimide fiber: purchased from Jiangsu Xiannuo New Material Technology Co., Ltd. or Jilin Gaoqi Polyimide Material Co., Ltd.;

[0070] Flame-retardant viscose fiber: purchased from Beijing Saiolan Flame-Retardant Fiber Co., Ltd., Lanjing Company or Hengtian (Jiangsu) Chemical Fiber Home Textile Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0071] Flame-retardant polyester fiber: purchased from Sinopec Yizheng Chemical Fiber Company;

[0072] Flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber: purchased from Sinopec Yizheng Chemical Fiber Company;

[0073] Low melting point composite fiber: purchased from Hubei Yutao Special Fiber Co., Ltd. and Yizheng Zhongsheng Chemical Fiber Raw Material Co., Ltd.

[0074] Fungicide: 8121 fungicide purchased from Beijing Mihe Technology Co., Ltd.

[0075] Flame retardant: 8121 flame retardant purchased from Beijing Mihe Technology Co., Ltd.

Example 1

[0076] A flame-retardant and windproof wadding sheet is obtained by using a polymer containing an imide ring as a base material and interlacing and compounding it with at least one polyester fiber in a spinning stage.

[0077] The polymer containing an imide ring is polyimide fiber.

[0078] The polyimide fiber is one or more of aliphatic polyimide fiber, semi-aromatic polyimide fiber and aromatic polyimide fiber.

[0079] The degree of polymerization of the polyimide fiber is 20-300.

[0080] Preferably, the degree of polymerization may be 20, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, or 300.

[0081] The polyester fiber is selected from one or more of flame-retardant viscose fiber, flame-retardant polyester fiber, flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber and low-melting composite fiber.

[0082] In parts by weight, the polyimide fiber is 12-28 parts, and the polyester fiber is 38-66 parts.

[0083] Preferably, polyimide fiber is 12 parts, 15 parts, 18 parts, 22 parts, 25 parts, or 28 parts; polyester fiber is 38 parts, 45 parts, 50 parts, 55 parts, 60 parts, or 66 parts.

[0084] Among polyester fibers, in parts by weight, flame-retardant viscose fiber is 27-33 parts, flame-retardant polyester fiber is 3-13 parts, flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber is 5-11 parts, and/or low-melting composite fiber is 3-9 parts.

[0085] Preferably, flame-retardant viscose fiber is 27 parts, 30 parts, or 33 parts; flame-retardant polyester fiber is 3 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, or 13 parts; flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber is 5 parts, 8 parts, or 11 parts; and low melting point composite fiber is 3 parts, 6 parts, or 9 parts.

[0086] The flame-retardant viscose fiber is an organic flame-retardant viscose fiber or an inorganic flame-retardant viscose fiber, preferably a pyrophosphate-based flame-retardant viscose fiber or a silicon-based flame-retardant viscose fiber.

[0087] The limiting oxygen index of flame-retardant polyester fiber and flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber is 26-34.

[0088] Preferably, the limiting oxygen index is 26, 28, 30, 32, or 34.

[0089] The low-melting point composite fiber is a sheath-core structure composite fiber, the melting point of the sheath layer is 110-180 C., and the melting point of the core layer is 250-260 C.

[0090] Preferably, the melting point of the sheath layer is 110 C., 130 C., 150 C., or 180 C., and the melting point of the core layer is 250 C., 255 C., or 260 C.

[0091] The polyimide fiber has a fineness of 0.5-7 dtex and a length of 25-55 mm; the flame-retardant viscose fiber has a fineness of 1.5-2 dtex and a length of 45-55 mm; the flame-retardant polyester fiber has a fineness of 0.5-2 dtex and a length of 30-35 mm; the flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber has a fineness of 3-4 dtex and a length of 60-70 mm; and the low melting point composite fiber has a fineness of 3-5 dtex and a length of 45-55 mm.

[0092] Preferably, the polyimide fiber has a fineness of 0.5 dtex, 1 dtex, 1.5 dtex, 1.67 dtex, 2.22 dtex, 2.5 dtex, 5 dtex, or 7 dtex, and a length of 25 mm, 30 mm, 32 mm, 40 mm, 51 mm, or the flame-retardant viscose fiber has a fineness of 1.5 dtex, 1.67 dtex, or 2 dtex, and a length of 45 mm, 51 mm, or 55 mm; the flame-retardant polyester fiber has a fineness of 0.89 dtex, 1.56 dtex, or 2 dtex, and a length of 30 mm, 32 mm, or 35 mm; the flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber has a fineness of 3 dtex, 3.33 dtex, or 4 dtex, and a length of 60 mm, 64 mm, or 70 mm; and the low melting point composite fiber has a fineness of 3 dtex, 4 dtex, or 5 dtex, and a length of 45 mm, 51 mm, or 55 mm.

[0093] More preferably, the specific specifications and proportions of each raw fiber in the flame-retardant and windproof wadding are shown in Table 1 above.

[0094] The flame-retardant and windproof wadding also includes a bacteriostatic agent and/or a flame retardant.

[0095] The flame retardant is preferably a carbon-nitrogen flame retardant or a phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant.

[0096] The antibacterial agent is 8121 antibacterial agent; and the flame retardant is phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant or 8121 flame retardant.

[0097] The actual product appearance, enlarged view and electron microscope image of the flame-retardant and windproof wadding of the present invention are shown in FIGS. 2 to 5. It can be clearly seen from the figures that various fibers in the wadding are highly mixed, forming a homogeneous, moderately cross-linked and fluffy structure, which can greatly reduce the probability of falling off.

[0098] The special spinning equipment for a flame retardant and windproof wadding comprises: a spinneret, spinneret orifices arranged on the spinneret and a grid mixing structure arranged outside the spinneret orifices; the special spinning equipment is used for interweaving and compounding in the spinning stage during the preparation of the flame-retardant and windproof wadding; and the spinning structure is shown in FIG. 1.

[0099] The spinneret orifices are composed of interconnected guide holes and capillary holes, the guide holes are used to introduce melt or solution, and the capillary holes are used to spin streams of the melt or the solution.

[0100] In the spinneret orifices, the geometry of the guide holes is a cone-bottomed cylindrical shape, a conical shape, a hyperbolic shape, two stage cylindrical shape and/or flat-bottomed cylindrical shape; preferably conical shape and/or hyperbolic shape.

[0101] The distance between the spinneret orifices is 2-5 cm, and the distance between the spinneret orifices and the grid mixing structure is 1-3 cm.

[0102] Preferably, the distance between the spinneret orifices is 2 cm, 3 cm, 4 cm, or 5 cm, and the distance between the spinneret orifices and the grid mixing structure is 1 cm, 2 cm, or 3 cm.

[0103] The grid mixing structure is composed of several adjustable grid plates, and the width of the grid plates is 2-5 mm, and the width of the gaps between the grid plates can be adjusted between 2-5 mm.

[0104] Preferably, the width of the grid plates is 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, or 5 mm, and the width of the gaps between the grid plates is 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm and can be adjusted.

[0105] The material of the grid mixing structure is the same as the material of the inner wall of the spinneret orifice; the temperature of the grid mixing structure is 65-75% of the temperature in the spinneret orifice, so as to facilitate the dispersion, cooling, interweaving and compounding of the spun threads.

[0106] Preferably, the temperature of the grid mixing structure is 65%, 70%, or 75% of the temperature in the spinneret orifice.

[0107] The grid mixing structure is a structure that can be translated periodically; and the translation period is 1-3 mm/s.

[0108] Preferably, the translation period is 1 mm/s, 2 mm/s, or 3 mm/s.

[0109] The polyimide fiber base material provided by the present invention is compounded to define the fineness and length specifications of flame-retardant viscose fiber, flame-retardant polyester fiber, flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber and low-melting point composite fiber, thereby obtaining the raw materials for the preparation of wadding. After the raw material is melted, traditional equipment (traditional spinneret orifices) can be used to prepare wadding products, or the special equipment provided by the present invention can also be used to prepare the flame-retardant and windproof wadding. However, the effect of wadding prepared by traditional equipment is slightly worse, because the traditional equipment needs to carry out the operation of mixing threads which is relatively random, and the uniformity of mixed threads cannot be guaranteed. The special equipment for flame-retardant and windproof wadding provided by the present invention is specially designed for random mixing property which improves heat preservation, flame-retardant and windproof effects of the wadding. In the field of wadding production technology, the random mixing of fibers means their homogeneity. The compounded raw material of wadding having a certain viscosity after melting is spun out through the spinneret orifices, and then is preliminarily cooled by the cooling grid. The degree of random mixing between the various fiber materials is effectively improved, the high degree of mixing of various fiber materials is achieved, and a high cross-linking state that cannot be achieved by existing spinning equipment is also achieved. Compared with the existing layered superimposed wadding products, the present invention can effectively increase the adhesion and fixation of the wadding, and greatly reduce the probability of falling off of the whole or a small part of each fiber material in the wadding.

[0110] The specific operations of the preparation method of a flame-retardant and windproof wadding are as follows:

[0111] S1. The polyester fibers are spun and mixed by the special spinning equipment described above to form a mixed fiber layer;

[0112] S2. Base material ultrafine fibers of polymer containing an imide ring are spun onto the mixed fiber layer obtained in step S1 to obtain semi-finished wadding;

[0113] S3. The semi-finished wadding obtained in step S2 is covered with another layer of the mixed fiber layer to form a sandwich structure of double mixed fiber layers, that is, to obtain the flame-retardant and windproof wadding.

[0114] The operations from step S2 to step S3 are performed at least once.

[0115] Preferably, the operations from step S2 to step S3 are performed once, 2 times, or 3 times.

[0116] In the preparation method, the polyester fibers are spun at a temperature of 40-80 C.; and the base material ultrafine fibers of polymer are spun at a temperature of 50-70 C.

[0117] Preferably, the polyester fibers are spun at a temperature of 40 C., 50 C., 60 C., 70 C., or 80 C.; and the base material ultrafine fibers of polymer are spun at a temperature of 50 C., 60 C., or 70 C.

[0118] In the preparation method, the polyester fibers are spun at a speed of 0.20-0.45 m/min; and the base material ultrafine fibers of polymer are spun at a speed of 0.25-0.35 m/min.

[0119] Preferably, the polyester fibers are spun at a speed of 0.20 m/min, 0.25 m/min, 0.30 m/min, 0.35 m/min, 0.40 m/min, or 0.45 m/min; and the base material ultrafine fibers of polymer are spun at a speed of 0.25 m/min, 0.30 m/min, or 0.35 m/min.

Example 2

[0120] The flame-retardant and windproof wadding uses 25 parts by weight of polyimide fiber with a degree of polymerization of 20 and a specification of 1.67 detx and 32 mm as the base material, and also comprises 27 parts by weight of flame-retardant viscose fiber with a specification of 1.5 detx and 45 mm, 6 parts by weight of flame-retardant polyester fiber with a specification of 0.89 detx and 32 mm, 5 parts by weight of flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber with a specification of 3 detx and 60 mm, and 3 parts by weight of low melting point composite fiber with a specification of 3 detx and 45 mm.

[0121] The flame-retardant viscose fiber is a pyrophosphate-based flame-retardant viscose fiber.

[0122] The limiting oxygen index of the flame-retardant polyester fiber and the flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber is 26.

[0123] The low-melting point composite fiber is a sheath-core structure composite fiber, the melting point of the sheath layer is 110 C., and the melting point of the core layer is 250 C.

[0124] The flame-retardant and windproof wadding also comprises 8121 antibacterial agent.

[0125] The specific operations of the preparation method of a flame-retardant and windproof wadding are as follows:

[0126] S1. The polyester fibers are spun and mixed by the special spinning equipment described above to form a mixed fiber layer, the polyester fibers are spun at a temperature of 40 C., and the polyester fibers are spun at a speed of 0.20 m/min;

[0127] S2. Base material ultrafine fibers of polymer containing an imide ring are spun onto the mixed fiber layer obtained in step S1 to obtain semi-finished wadding, the base material ultrafine fibers of polymer are spun at a temperature of 50 C., and the base material ultrafine fibers of polymer are spun at a speed of 0.25 m/min;

[0128] S3. The semi-finished wadding obtained in step S2 is covered with another layer of the mixed fiber layer to form a sandwich structure of double mixed fiber layers, that is, to obtain the flame-retardant and windproof wadding.

[0129] The special spinning equipment for a flame retardant and windproof wadding comprises: a spinneret 1, spinneret orifices arranged on the spinneret and a grid mixing structure 4 arranged outside the spinneret orifices; and the special spinning equipment is used for interweaving and compounding in the spinning stage during the preparation of the flame-retardant and windproof wadding.

[0130] The spinneret orifices are composed of interconnected guide holes 3 and capillary holes 2, the guide holes 3 are used to introduce melt or solution, and the capillary holes 2 are used to spin streams of the melt or the solution.

[0131] In the spinneret orifices, the geometry of the guide holes 3 is a cone-bottomed cylindrical shape, a conical shape, a hyperbolic shape, two stage cylindrical shape and/or flat-bottomed cylindrical shape; preferably conical shape and/or hyperbolic shape.

[0132] The distance between the spinneret orifices is 2-5 cm, and the distance between the spinneret orifices and the grid mixing structure 4 is 1-3 cm.

[0133] The grid mixing structure 4 is composed of several adjustable grid plates 5, and the width of the grid plates 5 is 2-5 mm, and the width of the gaps between the grid plates 5 can be adjusted between 2-5 mm.

[0134] The material of the grid mixing structure 4 is the same as the material of the inner wall of the spinneret orifice; the temperature of the grid mixing structure 4 is 65-75% of the temperature in the spinneret orifice, so as to facilitate the dispersion, cooling, interweaving and compounding of the spun threads. The grid mixing structure 4 is a structure that can be translated periodically; and the translation period is 1-3 mm/s.

Example 3

[0135] The flame-retardant and windproof wadding uses 15 parts by weight of polyimide fiber with a degree of polymerization of 300 and a specification of 2.22 detx and 51 mm as the base material, and also comprises 33 parts by weight of flame-retardant viscose fiber with a specification of 2 detx and 55 mm, 10 parts by weight of flame-retardant polyester fiber with a specification of 1.56 detx and 32 mm, 11 parts by weight of flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber with a specification of 4 detx and 70 mm, and 9 parts by weight of low melting point composite fiber with a specification of 5 detx and 55 mm.

[0136] The flame-retardant viscose fiber is a silicon-based flame-retardant viscose fiber.

[0137] The limiting oxygen index of the flame-retardant polyester fiber and the flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber is 34.

[0138] The low-melting point composite fiber is a sheath-core structure composite fiber, the melting point of the sheath layer is 180 C., and the melting point of the core layer is 260 C.

[0139] The flame-retardant and windproof wadding also comprises phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant or 8121 flame retardant.

[0140] The specific operations of the preparation method of a flame-retardant and windproof wadding are as follows:

[0141] S1. The polyester fibers are spun and mixed by the special spinning equipment described above to form a mixed fiber layer, the polyester fibers are spun at a temperature of 80 C., and the polyester fibers are spun at a speed of 0.45 m/min;

[0142] S2. Base material ultrafine fibers of polymer containing an imide ring are spun onto the mixed fiber layer obtained in step S1 to obtain semi-finished wadding, the base material ultrafine fibers of polymer are spun at a temperature of 70 C., and the base material ultrafine fibers of polymer are spun at a speed of 0.35 m/min;

[0143] S3. The semi-finished wadding obtained in step S2 is covered with another layer of the mixed fiber layer to form a sandwich structure of double mixed fiber layers, that is, to obtain the flame-retardant and windproof wadding.

[0144] The special spinning equipment for a flame retardant and windproof wadding comprises: a spinneret 1, spinneret orifices arranged on the spinneret and a grid mixing structure 4 arranged outside the spinneret orifices; and the special spinning equipment is used for interweaving and compounding in the spinning stage during the preparation of the flame-retardant and windproof wadding.

[0145] The spinneret orifices are composed of interconnected guide holes 3 and capillary holes 2, the guide holes 3 are used to introduce melt or solution, and the capillary holes 2 are used to spin streams of the melt or the solution.

[0146] In the spinneret orifices, the geometry of the guide holes 3 is a cone-bottomed cylindrical shape, a conical shape, a hyperbolic shape, two stage cylindrical shape and/or flat-bottomed cylindrical shape; preferably conical shape and/or hyperbolic shape.

[0147] The distance between the spinneret orifices is 2-5 cm, and the distance between the spinneret orifices and the grid mixing structure 4 is 1-3 cm.

[0148] The grid mixing structure 4 is composed of several adjustable grid plates 5, and the width of the grid plates 5 is 2-5 mm, and the width of the gaps between the grid plates 5 can be adjusted between 2-5 mm.

[0149] The material of the grid mixing structure 4 is the same as the material of the inner wall of the spinneret orifice; the temperature of the grid mixing structure 4 is 65-75% of the temperature in the spinneret orifice, so as to facilitate the dispersion, cooling, interweaving and compounding of the spun threads. The grid mixing structure 4 is a structure that can be translated periodically; and the translation period is 1-3 mm/s.

Example 4

[0150] The flame-retardant and windproof wadding uses 20 parts by weight of polyimide fiber with a degree of polymerization of 200 and a specification of 1.95 detx and 42 mm as the base material, and also comprises 30 parts by weight of flame-retardant viscose fiber with a specification of 1.67 detx and 51 mm, 8 parts by weight of flame-retardant polyester fiber with a specification of 1.23 detx and 32 mm, 8 parts by weight of flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber with a specification of 3.33 detx and 64 mm, and 6 parts by weight of low melting point composite fiber with a specification of 4 detx and 51 mm.

[0151] The flame-retardant viscose fiber is a pyrophosphate-based flame-retardant viscose fiber.

[0152] The limiting oxygen index of the flame-retardant polyester fiber and the flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber is 30.

[0153] The low-melting point composite fiber is a sheath-core structure composite fiber, the melting point of the sheath layer is 150 C., and the melting point of the core layer is 255 C.

[0154] The flame-retardant and windproof wadding also comprises antibacterial agent and flame retardant, the antibacterial agent is 8121 antibacterial agent; and the flame retardant is phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant or 8121 flame retardant.

[0155] The specific operations of the preparation method of a flame-retardant and windproof wadding are as follows:

[0156] S1. The polyester fibers are spun and mixed by the special spinning equipment described above to form a mixed fiber layer, the polyester fibers are spun at a temperature of 60 C., and the polyester fibers are spun at a speed of 0.35 m/min;

[0157] S2. Base material ultrafine fibers of polymer containing an imide ring are spun onto the mixed fiber layer obtained in step S1 to obtain semi-finished wadding, the base material ultrafine fibers of polymer are spun at a temperature of 60 C., and the base material ultrafine fibers of polymer are spun at a speed of 0.3 m/min;

[0158] S3. The semi-finished wadding obtained in step S2 is covered with another layer of the mixed fiber layer to form a sandwich structure of double mixed fiber layers, that is, to obtain the flame-retardant and windproof wadding.

[0159] The special spinning equipment for a flame retardant and windproof wadding comprises: a spinneret 1, spinneret orifices arranged on the spinneret and a grid mixing structure 4 arranged outside the spinneret orifices; and the special spinning equipment is used for interweaving and compounding in the spinning stage during the preparation of the flame-retardant and windproof wadding.

[0160] The spinneret orifices are composed of interconnected guide holes 3 and capillary holes 2, the guide holes 3 are used to introduce melt or solution, and the capillary holes 2 are used to spin streams of the melt or the solution.

[0161] In the spinneret orifices, the geometry of the guide holes 3 is a cone-bottomed cylindrical shape, a conical shape, a hyperbolic shape, two stage cylindrical shape and/or flat-bottomed cylindrical shape; preferably conical shape and/or hyperbolic shape.

[0162] The distance between the spinneret orifices is 2-5 cm, and the distance between the spinneret orifices and the grid mixing structure 4 is 1-3 cm.

[0163] The grid mixing structure 4 is composed of several adjustable grid plates 5, and the width of the grid plates 5 is 2-5 mm, and the width of the gaps between the grid plates 5 can be adjusted between 2-5 mm.

[0164] The material of the grid mixing structure 4 is the same as the material of the inner wall of the spinneret orifice; the temperature of the grid mixing structure 4 is 65-75% of the temperature in the spinneret orifice, so as to facilitate the dispersion, cooling, interweaving and compounding of the spun threads. The grid mixing structure 4 is a structure that can be translated periodically; and the translation period is 1-3 mm/s.

[0165] Design of Verification Experiments:

[0166] It can be seen from Examples 2-4 that using polyimide fiber as the base material and four kinds of polyester fibers with certain specifications and proportions can obtain the wadding having the technical effect described in the present invention. Wherein the technical solution claimed in Example 4 is the optimal technical solution of the present invention. In order to demonstrate the superiority of the pretreatment steps and the selected reagents of the detection method of the present invention, the applicant designed more experiments (i.e. examples and comparative examples) by using the technology in Example 4 as a template for certification and comparison.

[0167] The standard of the verification experiment, that is, the detection method, is shown in Table 2 below:

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 standard values items 120 g/m.sup.2 maximum tolerance test method mass, g/m.sup.2 120 8% GB/T 242181-2009 bulkiness, cm.sup.3/g 40 FZ/T 64003-2011 compression elastic recovery rate, % 60 thermal resistance, m.sup.2-K/W 0.30 GB/T 11048-2018 flame- after flame time, S 1 GB/T 5455-2014 retardant smoldering time, S 1 property damage length, mm 50 phenomenon no molten drop washability indicates data missing or illegible when filed

[0168] The key technical factors that can affect the final technical effect of the present invention (quality, thermal resistance, bulkiness, compression elastic recovery rate, flame-retardant property, etc.) involved in the examples and comparative examples include the following aspects:

[0169] 1. Do not add base material polyester fiber (comparative example 1);

[0170] 2. The degree of polymerization of the polyimide fiber is 10 (comparative example 2) and 350 (comparative example 3);

[0171] 3. Polyester fiber is selected from:

[0172] 1) Single polyester fiber: flame-retardant viscose fiber (Example 5), flame-retardant polyester fiber (Example 6), flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber (Example 7), low melting point composite fiber (Example 8);

[0173] 2) Two kinds of polyester fibers: flame-retardant viscose fiber+flame-retardant polyester fiber (Example 9), flame-retardant viscose fiber+flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber (Example 10), flame-retardant viscose fiber+low melting point composite fiber (Example 11), flame-retardant polyester fiber+flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber (Example 12), flame-retardant polyester fiber+low-melting point composite fiber (Example 13), flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber+low-melting point composite fiber (Example 14);

[0174] 3) Three kinds of polyester fibers: flame-retardant viscose fiber+flame-retardant polyester fiber+flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber (Example 15), flame-retardant polyester fiber+flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber+low melting point composite fiber (Example 16), flame-retardant viscose fiber+flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber+low-melting composite fiber (Example 17);

[0175] 4. The percentage of polyimide fiber is 10% (comparative example 4) and 30% (comparative example 5);

[0176] 5. The percentage of flame-retardant viscose fiber is 25% (comparative example 6), 35% (comparative example 7);

[0177] 6. The percentage of flame-retardant polyester fiber is 2% (comparative example 8) and 15% (comparative example 9);

[0178] 7. The percentage of flame-retardant polyester hollow fiber is 3% (comparative example 10) and 15% (comparative example 11);

[0179] 8. The percentage of low melting point composite fiber is 2% (comparative example 12) and 10% (comparative example 13).

[0180] The setup of the verification experiment is summarized in Table 3 below:

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Factor Factor Factor Factor Factor Factor Factor Factor Factor Factor Factor Factor Factor 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Example polyimide 20 four 25 27 6 5 3 1.67 1.5 0.89 3 3 2 parts parts parts parts parts detx detx detx detx detx 32 mm 45 mm 32 mm 60 mm 45 mm Example polyimide 300 four 15 33 10 11 9 2.22 2 detx 1.56 4 detx 5 detx 3 parts parts parts parts parts detx 55 mm detx 70 mm 55 mm 51 mm 32 mm Example polyimide 200 four 20 30 8 8 6 1.95 1.67 1.23 3.33 4 4 parts parts parts parts parts detx detx detx detx detx 42 mm 51 mm 32 mm 64 mm 51 mm Compa- no rative Example 1 Compa- 10 rative Example 2 Compa- 350 rative Example 3 Example single 5 Example single 6 Example single 7 Example single 8 Example two 9 Example two 10 Example two 11 Example two 12 Example two 13 Example two 14 Example three 15 Example three 16 Example three 17 Compa- 10 rative parts Example 4 Compa- 30 rative parts Example 5 Compa- 25 rative parts Example 6 Compa- 35 rative parts Example 7 Compa- 2 rative parts Example 8 Compa- 15 rative parts Example 9 Compa- 3 rative parts Example 10 Compa- 15 rative parts Example 11 Compa- 2 rative parts Example 12 Compa- 10 rative parts Example 13

[0181] All data in blank parts of Table 3 is as same as that of Example 4 (the most preferred technical effect).

[0182] The application effects of each of examples and comparative examples in the verification experiments are summarized in the following Table 4:

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Compression Thermal Flame-retardant Property Elastic Resis- After Damage Phenomenon Washability Mass, Bulkiness Recovery tance Flame Smoldering Length, of Molten (prevent g/m.sup.2 cm.sup.3/g rate, % m.sup.2-KW Time, s Time, s mm Drop falling off) Example 2 106.4 102.7 91.5 0.322 0 0 4 no washed 3 times with water, no bottom exposed, no obvious damage, delamination, slight pilling Example 3 111.3 103.5 92.7 0.302 0 0 5 no washed 3 times with water, no bottom exposed, no obvious damage, delamination, slight pilling Example 4 62.4 116.6 93.5 0.328 0 0 3 no washed 3 times with water, no bottom exposed, no obvious damage, delamination, slight pilling Comparative 151.7 36.7 53.3 0.232 2 3 53 yes damaged and Example 1 delaminated after washed 1 time with water Comparative 125.3 77.8 60.3 0.311 1 2 7.6 no washed 1 time with Example 2 water, slight bottom exposed, slight damage, slight delamination, slight pilling Comparative 130.1 80.1 66.6 0.299 1 3 7.1 no washed 1 time with Example 3 water, slight bottom exposed, slight damage, slight delamination, slight pilling Example 5 120 91.3 69.3 0.303 0 1 5.5 slight washed 2 times with water, slight bottom exposed, slight damage, delamination, slight pilling Example 6 118.3 95.4 70.5 0.305 1 1 5.3 slight washed 2 times with water, slight bottom exposed, slight damage, delamination, slight pilling Example 7 118.6 86.4 72.3 0.3 1 0 4.9 slight washed 2 times with water, slight bottom exposed, slight damage, delamination, slight pilling Example 8 117.9 83.9 66.8 0.293 1 0 5.1 no washed 2 times with water, slight bottom exposed, slight damage, delamination, slight pilling Example 9 113.2 99.9 76.6 0.308 0 0 4.8 slight washed 2 times with water, no bottom exposed, slight damage, delamination, slight pilling Example 10 112.6 101.2 78.9 0.31 0 0 4.8 no washed 2 times with water, no bottom exposed, slight damage, delamination, slight pilling Example 11 111.9 100.3 77.3 0.306 0 0 5 no washed 2 times with water, no bottom exposed, slight damage, delamination, slight pilling Example 12 111.6 99.7 80.1 0.307 0 0 4.7 no washed 2 times with water, slight bottom exposed, no damage, delamination, slight pilling Example 13 110.9 101.1 79.6 0.311 0 0 4.8 no washed 2 times with water, no bottom exposed, slight damage, delamination, slight pilling Example 14 111.2 100.9 80.3 0.302 0 0 5 no washed 2 times with water, slight bottom exposed, slight damage, delamination, slight pilling Example 15 108.6 101.6 85.6 0.311 0 0 4.6 no washed 3 times with water, no bottom exposed, slight damage, no delamination, slight pilling Example 16 110 100.9 90.4 0.314 0 0 4 no washed 3 times with water, slight bottom exposed, slight damage, no delamination, slight pilling Example 17 109.1 102.1 87.3 0.308 0 0 4.3 no washed 3 times with water, no bottom exposed, slight damage, no delamination, slight pilling Comparative 121.1 100.3 67.8 0.308 0 1 7.2 no washed 2 times with Example 4 water, slight bottom exposed, slight damage, delamination, slight pilling Comparative 119.8 99.6 66.6 0.312 0 2 6.9 slight washed 2 times with Example 5 water, slight bottom exposed, slight damage, delamination, slight pilling Comparative 122.5 101.2 70 0.3 1 1 6.6 no washed 2 times with Example 6 water, slight bottom exposed, slight damage, delamination, slight pilling Comparative 131.4 101.5 69.3 0.297 0 0 5.9 no washed 2 times with Example 7 water, slight bottom exposed, slight damage, delamination, slight pilling Comparative 120.3 104.3 68.1 0.32 0 1 6.4 no washed 2 times with Example 8 water, slight bottom exposed, slight damage, slight delamination, no pilling Comparative 119.9 105.2 65.9 0.314 0 2 7.1 slight washed 2 times with Example 9 water, slight bottom exposed, slight damage, delamination, slight pilling Comparative 120.6 111 72.5 0.307 0 1 7 no washed 2 times with Example 10 water, slight bottom exposed, slight damage, slight delamination, slight pilling Comparative 124.7 108.3 71.4 0.301 1 1 6.3 slight washed 2 times with Example 11 water, slight bottom exposed, slight damage, slight delamination, slight pilling Comparative 122.3 100.1 69.8 0.314 1 1 7.1 no washed 2 times with Example 12 water, slight bottom exposed, slight damage, delamination, no pilling Comparative 120.8 99.6 70.4 0.316 1 0 6.8 no washed 2 times with Example 13 water, slight bottom exposed, slight damage, delamination, slight nilling

[0183] As can be seen from each of examples, comparative examples and application effect detection results of Tables 3-4,

[0184] 1. From the detection results, embodiment 4 is the best of each index in all examples and comparative examples;

[0185] 2. Comparative example 1 (no polyimide fiber) is the worst comprehensive index in all examples and comparative examples, which is obviously lower than the standard values given in Table 2, and it is difficult to meet the standard requirements. This fully illustrates that polyimide has played a key role in the present invention;

[0186] 3. Comparative Examples 2-3, Comparative Examples 4-5, Comparative Examples 6-7, Comparative Examples 8-9, Comparative Examples 10-11, and Comparative Examples 12-13 are respectively optional values out of the scope claimed by each technical point provided by the present invention, and their effects are obviously lower than Examples 2-4.

[0187] The applicant entrusted the National Textile Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Center in August 2016, January 2017, and August 2017 to test thermal insulation property of the flame-retardant and windproof wadding of each example described in the present invention according to GB/T 11048-2008 A and B methods. The test items included thermal resistance (m.sup.2.Math.K/W), CLO value, converted thermal insulation rate (%) and heat transfer coefficient (W/(m.sup.2.Math.K)).

[0188] The applicant also entrusted the National Textile Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Center in January 2017 to test the vertical combustion performance of the flame-retardant and windproof wadding of each example of the present invention according to GB/T 5455-2014. The test items included damage length (mm), after flame time (s), smoldering time (s), burning characteristics and the presence of droplets.

[0189] The applicant also entrusted the National Textile Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Center in June 2016 to test the product performance of the flame-retardant and windproof wadding of each example described in the present invention according to FZ/T 64020-2011 (composite thermal insulation materials, chemical fiber composite wadding) and FZ/T 73023-2006 (antibacterial knitwear). The test items included compressive elastic rate (%), appearance change after washing, thermal insulation-thermal resistance (m.sup.2.Math.K/W), air permeability (mm/s), mass per unit area (g/m 3), bulkiness (cm 3/g), antibacterial rate (%) for Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) after 50 washes, antibacterial rate (%) for Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) after 50 washes, and antibacterial rate (%) for Escherichia coli (8099) after 50 washes.

[0190] As can be seen from comprehensively comparing the various test results of the flame-retardant and windproof wadding products in the examples provided by the present invention (especially embodiment 4), various indicators such as flame-retardant effect, bulkiness, effect of preventing falling off, heat preservation effect, air-permeable effect, quality and antibacterial rate of the flame-retardant and windproof wadding provided by the present invention are all significantly better than those of the comparative examples and those of existing ones.

[0191] Finally, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, or some or all of the technical features can be equivalently replaced. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.