System for the treatment of organic waste

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system for the treatment of organic waste and/or waste, particularly waste from biogas plants, slurry and the like, cut or green waste and/or sewage sludge.

Claims

1. A system configured to treat organic waste, comprising: a device configured to remove impurities from the organic waste; a device configured to crush the organic waste which is arranged downstream the device configured to remove impurities from the organic waste; a device configured to convert the organic waste into processed products coal and process water by hydrothermal carbonization, which is arranged downstream of the device configured to remove impurities from the organic waste and/or the device configured to crush the organic waste; a device configured to separate the processed products coal and process water resulting from the hydrothermal carbonization, which is arranged downstream the device configured to convert the organic waste into the processed products coal and process water, wherein the device configured to separate the processed products coal and process water resulting from the hydrothermal carbonization comprises a chamber filter press or a centrifuge; a device configured to dry the processed products coal; an automatic conveyor system configured to convey further process water from the drying of the processed products coal to the process water of the hydrothermal carbonization, wherein the device configured to dry the processed products coal is arranged downstream the device configured to separate of the processed products coal and process water; and a device configured to perform at least a partial vacuum distillation of the process water by concentrating using negative pressure to produce fertilizer, which is arranged downstream the device configured to separate the processed products coal and process water, which comprises an apparatus configured to perform a vacuum distillation of a volatile ammonium contained in the process water and an apparatus configured to subsequently mix the distilled ammonium with a sulphuric acid to produce an ammonium sulphate usable as fertilizer.

2. The system according to claim 1, further comprising a device configured to at least partially convert the dried processed products coal into a synthetic gas which is arranged downstream the device that is configured to dry the processed products coal.

3. The system according to claim 2, further comprising a device configured to utilize the synthetic gas to produce electrical energy using a generator which is arranged downstream the device configured to at least partially convert the dried processed products coal into a synthetic gas.

4. The system according to claim 3, comprising a device configured to store the processed products coal which is arranged between the device configured to dry the processed products coal and the device configured to at least partially convert the dried coal into a synthetic gas.

5. The system according to claim 3, wherein the device configured to dry the processed products coal is further configured to provide an exhaust air as inlet air for the device configured to utilize the synthetic gas to produce electrical energy using a generator.

6. The system according to claim 3, wherein the device configured to utilize the synthetic gas to produce electrical energy using a generator is further configured to provide a produced waste heat serving as a heat source to the device configured to perform at least a partial vacuum distillation of the process water and/or the device configured to convert the organic waste into the processed products coal and process water by hydrothermal carbonization.

7. The system according to claim 3, wherein the device configured to at least partially convert the dried processed products coal into a synthetic gas is further configured to provide unused processed products coal outside of the system.

8. The system according to claim 3, wherein the device configured to utilize the synthetic gas to produce electrical energy using a generator is further configured to provide unused synthetic gas outside of the system.

9. The system according to claim 1, wherein the device configured to convert the organic waste into the processed products coal and process water by hydrothermal carbonization comprises an apparatus configured to dispense chemically bound minerals from the organic waste and to keep the chemical bound minerals within the process water.

10. The system according to claim 1, wherein the device configured to perform at least a partial vacuum distillation of the process water by concentrating using negative pressure to produce fertilizer comprises an apparatus configured to completely vaporize water contained of the process water to produce a spreadable fertilizer.

11. The system according to claim 1, wherein the device configured to perform at least a partial vacuum distillation and/or the device configured to convert the organic waste into the processed products coal and process water by hydrothermal carbonization is further configured to receive a waste heat from an external source as a heat source.

12. The system according to claim 1, wherein the device configured to perform at least a partial vacuum distillation, is further configured to provide unused process water to utilize a device using aquatic plants.

13. The system according to claim 1, wherein the device configured to convert the organic waste into processed products coal and process water by hydrothermal carbonization is arranged downstream of the device configured to crush the organic waste.

14. The system according to claim 3, wherein the device configured to at least partially convert the dried processed products coal into a synthetic gas comprises a wood-/coal-gasifier; and the device configured to utilize the synthetic gas to produce electrical energy using a generator, comprises a bi-fuel engine.

15. The system according to claim 1, wherein the organic waste comprises waste from at least one biogas plant.

16. The system according to claim 1, wherein the organic waste comprises cut or green waste.

17. The system according to claim 1, wherein the organic waste comprises sewage sludge.

18. A system configured to treat organic waste, comprising: an impurities removing device which removes impurities from the organic waste; a crushing device which crushes the organic waste, which is arranged downstream the impurities removing device; a converting device which converts the organic waste into processed products coal and process water by hydrothermal carbonization, which is arranged downstream of the impurities removing device and/or the crushing device; a separating device which separates the processed products coal and process water resulting from the hydrothermal carbonization, which is arranged downstream the converting device, wherein the separating device comprises a chamber filter press or a centrifuge; a drying device which dries the processed products coal; an automatic conveyor system which conveys further process water from the drying of the processed products coal to the process water of the hydrothermal carbonization, wherein the drying device is arranged downstream the separating device; and a vacuum distillation device which performs at least a partial vacuum distillation of the process water by concentrating using negative pressure to produce fertilizer, which is arranged downstream the separating device, which comprises an apparatus which performs a vacuum distillation of a volatile ammonium contained in the process water and an apparatus which subsequently mixes the distilled ammonium with a sulphuric acid to produce an ammonium sulphate usable as fertilizer.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) Further details, characteristics and advantages of the present invention are explained herein after, using the example of implementation as shown in the FIGURE.

(2) It is shown in:

(3) FIG. 1 is an inventive system for the processing of organic waste and/or waste in a block diagram.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(4) FIG. 1 shows the inventive system 5 for the treatment of organic waste and/or waste B in a schematic block diagram. The system 5 includes a device 1 for removal of impurities from the organic waste B to which a biomass B is led in the form of organic waste or waste B. After the impurities have been eliminated or removed, the biomass is processed further to a device 2 for crushing the organic waste material B. The crushing serves for an accelerated further processing, thereafter. After the crushing of the organic waste/waste material B, in step 3 the conversion of the organic waste/waste material B into the processed products coal K and process water W by hydrothermal carbonization is conducted. At this time, the two processed products are provided to the inventive system 5 in the form of a watery coal sludge, such that a separation of these two processed products is required. Such a separation is conducted, next, right after the device 3 for the conversion of biomass by hydrothermal carbonization in the device 4 which serves the separation of the processed products coal K and process water W, resulting from hydrothermal carbonization. In this FIGURE, such a device 4 is implemented in the form of a chamber filter press or centrifuge, which are particularly suited for the separation.

(5) For the coal, now further treated as an processed product within the inventive system, a device 5 is provided for drying and optionally briquetting the coal K obtained as a processed product, wherein a process water P eventually resulting from the drying and optionally briquetting of the coal K is conveyed to the process water P obtained by the hydrothermal carbonization. In the next step, the dried coal K is processed further, using a device 7 for an at least partial conversion of the dried and optionally briquetted coal K into a synthetic gas, wherein a device 6 may be optionally provided for storage respectively interim storage of the coal K. Such a device 6 makes particularly sense under the condition, that only a certain share of the coal will be processed further, while another share is marketed and distributed in unchanged form. The device 8 for utilization of the synthetic gas for the production of electrical energy using a generator, which is arranged downstream the device 7 for an at least partial conversion of the dried and optionally briquetted coal K into a synthetic gas is provided in the inventive system 5, because thus, electrical energy can be produced as a source of energy, under the condition, that the usage of coal K and/or synthetic gas is not desired. The exhaust air L resulting from the device 5 for drying and optionally briquetting the coal K is used as inlet air for the device 8 for utilization of the synthetic gas for the production of electrical energy using a generator because emissions contained within the exhaust air, for instance phenols, may serve as fuel for the engine.

(6) The process water P produced within the inventive system 5 will be concentrated, using device 9 for an at least partial vacuum distillation of the process water P obtained as a processed product by concentrating using negative pressure for the production of fertilizer. For this purpose, the device 9 for an at least partial vacuum distillation of the process water P obtained as a processed product by concentrating using negative pressure for the production of fertilizer comprises an apparatus for a vacuum distillation of a volatile ammonium contained in the process water P and an apparatus for the subsequent mixing of the distilled ammonium with a suitable acid, particularly with a sulphuric acid, for the production of an ammonium sulphate usable as fertilizer. In addition, in this embodiment it is provided that the process water P which is not used by the device 9 for an at least partial vacuum distillation, is utilized by a device 10 using aquatic plants. Aquatic plants have the ability to process the nutrients, respectively minerals, contained in the process water P very well. Moreover, aquatic plants are suitable to serve as biomass B, which can be added to the inventive system 5 as input material.

(7) For further improvement of the energy balance sheet of the inventive system 5, in this example for the implementation, it is provided that the waste heat W which is produced by the device 8 for utilization of the synthetic gas for the production of electrical energy using a generator is used as a heat source for the device 9 for an at least partial vacuum distillation of the process water P as well as for the device 3 for conversion of the organic waste B into the processed products coal K and process water P using hydrothermal carbonization.

(8) Moreover, it is provided in the inventive system 5, according to the given embodiment, that a waste heat E introduced from an external source, particularly from a biogas plant without a heat concept, is used as an optional heat source for the device 3 for conversion of the organic waste B into the processed products coal K and process water P using hydrothermal carbonization and/or the device 9 for an at least partial vacuum distillation. Thus, a deficit of exhaust heat which might occur within the inventive system 5 can be compensated. In addition, the surplus waste heat E from the biogas plant without heat concept can be used wisely.

(9) The examples of the embodiment presented in the FIGURE and the examples explained in this context only serve for an explanation of the invention and are not restrictive for the same.

REFERENCE SIGNS

(10) 1 Device for removal of impurities from the organic waste (B) 2 Device for crushing the organic waste material (B) 3 Device for conversion of the organic waste (B) into the processed products coal K and process water (P) using hydrothermal carbonization 4 Device for separation of the processed products coal (K) and process water (P) resulting from the hydrothermal carbonization 5 Device for drying and optionally briquetting the coal (K) obtained as a processed product 6 Device for storage respectively interim storage of the coal (K) 7 Device for an at least partial conversion of the dried and optionally briquetted coal (K) into a synthetic gas 8 Device for utilization of the synthetic gas for the production of electrical energy using a generator 9 Device for an at least partial vacuum distillation of the process water (P) obtained as a processed product by concentrating using negative pressure for the production of fertilizer 10 Device for the at least partial usage of the process water (P) with aquatic plants. B Biomass in the form of organic waste and/or waste (B) E Supply with exhaust heat (E) from external source K Coal L Exhaust air resulting from the device (5) for drying and briquetting of the coal (K) obtained as processed product P Process water S System for the treatment of organic waste and/or waste (B) W Waste heat produced by the device (8) for utilization of the synthetic gas for the production of electrical energy using a generator