ANNULAR DUST SEAL

Abstract

The annular dust seal includes a circular annular dust lip, the annular dust seal being formed of an elastic material, being supported by a housing, and bringing a surface of the dust lip into contact with an outer peripheral surface of a reciprocating shaft that is disposed in the housing and includes a tip end side protruding toward an atmosphere side. In a longitudinal section of the dust lip, an average radius of curvature of a surface having a convex curvature on an inner side of the housing from a top portion of the dust lip is larger than an average radius of curvature of a surface having a convex curvature on the atmosphere side from the top portion of the dust lip.

Claims

1. An annular dust seal comprising: a circular annular dust lip, the annular dust seal being formed of an elastic material, supported by a housing, and bringing a surface of the dust lip into contact with an outer peripheral surface of a reciprocating shaft that is disposed in the housing and includes a tip end side protruding toward an atmosphere side, wherein in a longitudinal section of the dust lip, an average radius of curvature of a surface having a convex curvature on an inner side of the housing from a top portion of the dust lip is larger than an average radius of curvature of a surface having a convex curvature on the atmosphere side from the top portion of the dust lip.

2. The annular dust seal according to claim 1, wherein the average radius of curvature of the surface having the convex curvature on the inner side of the housing from the top portion of the dust lip is 1.5 to 4 times the average radius of curvature of the surface having the convex curvature on the atmosphere side from the top portion of the dust lip.

3. The annular dust seal according to claim 1, wherein the average radius of curvature of the surface having the convex curvature on the inner side of the housing from the top portion of the dust lip is 2 to 3 times the average radius of curvature of the surface having the convex curvature on the atmosphere side from the top portion of the dust lip.

4. The annular dust seal according to claim 1, wherein, when the surface of the dust lip is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the reciprocating shaft, an end surface facing the atmosphere side forms an angle of 90 or more with respect to a generatrix of the outer peripheral surface at least in a vicinity of the outer peripheral surface of the reciprocating shaft.

5. The annular dust seal according to claim 1, wherein, when the surface of the dust lip is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the reciprocating shaft, an end surface facing the atmosphere side has a tapered shape protruding toward the atmosphere side as the end surface is closer to the outer peripheral surface of the reciprocating shaft.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] FIG. 1 A longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment (mounted state) of an annular dust seal of the present embodiment.

[0026] FIG. 2 A longitudinal sectional view showing the annular dust seal (unmounted state) shown in FIG. 1.

[0027] FIG. 3 An enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a main portion of the annular dust seal shown in FIG. 1.

[0028] FIG. 4 A graph showing a contact pressure of the annular dust seal shown in FIG. 1 with respect to the reciprocating shaft.

[0029] FIG. 5 A longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment (unmounted state) of the annular dust seal of the present disclosure.

[0030] FIG. 6 An enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a main portion of the annular dust seal shown in FIG. 5.

[0031] FIG. 7 A graph showing a contact pressure of the annular dust seal shown in FIG. 5 with respect to the reciprocating shaft.

[0032] FIG. 8 A longitudinal sectional view showing a conventional annular dust seal.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present disclosure will be described.

First Embodiment

[0034] FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment (mounted state) of an annular dust seal of the present embodiment.

[0035] The first embodiment of the annular dust seal 1 is used for a rod seal in a hydraulic cylinder or a suspension of a construction machinery, a shock absorber of an automobile, or the like. The present embodiment is an example of application to a rod sealing system employed in a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) to be used as an actuator of a construction machinery, a civil engineering machinery, a transport vehicle, or the like.

[0036] As shown in FIG. 1, a rod sealing system is provided between a piston rod 102 as a movable portion that reciprocates linearly and a cylinder housing 101 as a fixed portion that houses the piston rod 102. The rod sealing system is supported by the housing 101. The housing 101 has an opening portion 101a on an atmosphere side (a right side in FIG. 1), and is in a lid-closed state on a hydraulic side (a left side and an inner side in FIG. 1) (not shown).

[0037] A reciprocating shaft (rod) 102 is disposed in the housing 101. One tip end side of the reciprocating shaft 102 is located on the hydraulic side inside the housing 101, and the other tip end side thereof protrudes from the opening portion 101a of the housing 101. The reciprocating shaft 102 can reciprocate in an axial direction as indicated by an arrow A in FIG. 1. A reciprocating speed in the axial direction of the reciprocating shaft 102 is regulated by fluid in the housing 101.

[0038] The rod sealing system includes a rod packing (not shown), a buffering (not shown) disposed on the hydraulic side of the rod packing, and a dust seal 1 disposed on the atmosphere side of the rod packing. Accordingly, the buffering, the rod packing, and the dust seal 1 are arranged in this order from the hydraulic side to the atmosphere side.

[0039] The rod packing serves as a main seal for preventing leakage of hydraulic oil to the outside, and has a structure in which a circular annular U-packing is mainly used and a flat washer-shaped backup ring is adjacent to the U-packing. Both the U-packing and the backup ring are housed in a mounting groove provided on an inner peripheral surface of the cylinder housing 101.

[0040] The buffering plays a role of maintaining durability of the rod packing by buffering shock pressure and fluctuation pressure at the time of high load and preventing high-temperature hydraulic oil from flowing into a side of the rod packing. Such a buffering has a structure in which a circular annular U-packing is mainly used and a backup ring is fitted into a heel portion of the U-packing. Both the U-packing and the backup ring are housed in the mounting groove provided on an inner peripheral surface of the cylinder housing 101.

[0041] FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the annular dust seal (unmounted state) shown in FIG. 1.

[0042] As shown in FIG. 2, the annular dust seal 1 is integrally formed of an elastic material into a circular annular shape. As a material forming the annular dust seal 1, a synthetic resin material such as various rubbers, urethane, or PTFE is preferable as an elastic material capable of sealing a gap with an outer peripheral surface 102a of the reciprocating shaft 102.

[0043] The annular dust seal 1 is provided with a metal ring 2 on the outer peripheral side. The metal ring 2 includes a circular annular plate portion 2a and a circular tubular portion 2b formed by bending an outer peripheral part of the circular annular plate portion 2a. The metal ring 2 is attached to the annular dust seal 1 in such a manner that the circular tubular portion 2b is arranged along the outer peripheral surface of the annular dust seal 1 and the circular annular plate portion 2a is buried in the annular dust seal 1.

[0044] The annular dust seal 1 is disposed in an annular groove 103 formed in the housing 101 as shown in FIG. 1. The annular groove 103 is located near the opening portion 101a of the housing 101, surrounds the outer peripheral surface 102a of the reciprocating shaft 102, and is formed coaxially with the reciprocating shaft 102.

[0045] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the annular dust seal 1 includes a circular annular oil lip 3, which contacts with the outer peripheral surface of the reciprocating shaft 102, on the hydraulic side (inner side). In addition, the annular dust seal 1 includes a circular annular dust lip 4, which contacts with the outer peripheral surface of the reciprocating shaft 102, on the atmosphere side.

[0046] The annular dust seal 1 brings a surface of the oil lip 3 into pressure-contact with the outer peripheral surface 102a of the reciprocating shaft 102 with an elastic force of the elastic material. Further, the annular dust seal 1 brings a surface of the dust lip 4 into pressure-contact with the outer peripheral surface 102a of the reciprocating shaft 102 with the elastic force of the elastic material. When the oil lip 3 and the dust lip 4 are brought into pressure-contact with the outer peripheral surface 102a of the reciprocating shaft 102, the inside of the housing 101 is sealed.

[0047] FIG. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a main portion of the annular dust seal shown in FIG. 1.

[0048] The surface of the dust lip 4 is formed in a torus shape, and has a circular arc shape in longitudinal section as shown in FIG. 3. In the longitudinal section of the dust lip 4, an average radius of curvature ((R1+R2)/2) of a surface 4b having a convex curvature on the hydraulic side from a top portion 4c of the dust lip 4 becomes larger than an average radius of curvature (=R2) of a surface 4a having a convex curvature on the atmosphere side from the top portion 4c of the dust lip 4.

[0049] In the longitudinal section of the dust lip 4, the average radius of curvature ((R1+R2)/2) of the surface 4b having the convex curvature on the hydraulic side from the top portion 4c of the dust lip 4 is preferably 1.5 to 4 times the average radius of curvature (R2) of the surface 4a having the convex curvature on the atmosphere side from the top portion 4c of the dust lip 4.

[0050] In the longitudinal section of the dust lip 4, the average radius of curvature ((R1+R2)/2) of the surface 4b having the convex curvature on the hydraulic side from the top portion 4c of the dust lip 4 is more preferably 2 to 3 times the average radius of curvature (R2) of the surface 4a having the convex curvature on the atmosphere side from the top portion 4c of the dust lip 4.

[0051] As in the embodiment, in general materials, temperature conditions, and types of dust when used for the rod seal in the hydraulic cylinder or suspension of the construction machinery and the shock absorber of the automobile, the radius of curvature R1 on the hydraulic side is preferably about 0.4 mm to 0.5 mm, and the radius of curvature R2 on the atmosphere side is preferably about 0.15 mm to 0.2 mm. However, optimum values of these specific numerical values vary depending on the materials forming the annular dust seal 1, the temperature conditions, the types of dust, and the like.

[0052] FIG. 4 is a graph showing a contact pressure of the annular dust seal shown in FIG. 1 with respect to the reciprocating shaft.

[0053] In FIG. 4, a region where the contact pressure is positive is a region where the dust lip 4 is crushed due to elastic deformation and contacts with the outer peripheral surface 102a of the reciprocating shaft 102. The atmosphere side of the contact region is a right end of a horizontal axis, and a left side of the horizontal axis indicates a distance to the hydraulic side.

[0054] In a conventional product in FIG. 4, a position having a maximum contact pressure is the top portion of the dust lip. In the annular dust seal 1 of the present embodiment, a position of the top portion 4c is the same as that of the conventional product, but the contact pressure may not be maximum at the top portion 4c due to the difference in the radius of curvature of the surface of the dust lip 4.

[0055] As shown in FIG. 4, the contact pressure of the dust lip 4 with respect to the outer peripheral surface 102a of the reciprocating shaft 102 has a lower peak value than that of the above-described conventional product, and a length in the axial direction of the portion having the peak value is longer on the hydraulic side. A required surface pressure width w1 in which the contact pressure exceeds a required surface pressure p is wider than that of the conventional product. This is because the radius of curvature R1 on the hydraulic side is increased. The conventional product and the annular dust seal 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 4 have the same material, overall shape, temperature conditions, and the like.

[0056] Since the contact pressure of the dust lip 4 with respect to the outer peripheral surface 102a of the reciprocating shaft 102 is reduced due to a large radius of curvature R1 on the hydraulic side, local wear, settling (deformation) and stick slip (squealing, vibration) are prevented, and scraping leakage of a liquid (oil) is prevented. Further, a liquid film (for example, an oil film) adhering to the outer peripheral surface 102a of the reciprocating shaft 102 has an appropriate thickness. Since the contact pressure of the dust lip 4 is sufficiently applied to the outer peripheral surface 102a of the reciprocating shaft 102 due to a small radius of curvature R2 on the atmosphere side, an excellent dust seal function is realized.

[0057] In other words, the annular dust seal 1 has an excellent dust seal function of preventing external foreign substances (such as earth and sand, ore, oil, water, ice, and sap) from entering the housing 101, and brings hydraulic holding components located closer to the hydraulic side than the annular dust seal 1 and sliding components such as bearings and gears into a good lubricating state. The annular dust seal 1 can maintain the excellent dust seal function for a long period of time, and can contribute to a longer service life of a device.

Second Embodiment

[0058] FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment (unmounted state) of the annular dust seal of the present disclosure, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a main portion of the annular dust seal shown in FIG. 5. In FIGS. 5 and 6, the portions having the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 3 are the portions having the same configuration, the description of such portions will not be presented with reference to the description of the above-described embodiment.

[0059] As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, in the annular dust seal 1, it is preferable that an atmosphere-side end surface 1a facing the atmosphere side has a tapered shape protruding toward the atmosphere side as the end surface 1a is closer to the outer peripheral surface 102a of the reciprocating shaft 102 in a mounted state.

[0060] As described above, since the shape of the atmosphere-side end surface 1a has the tapered shape protruding toward the atmosphere side as the end surface 1a is closer to the outer peripheral surface 102a of the reciprocating shaft 102, foreign substances adhering to the outer peripheral surface 102a can be satisfactorily scraped off with the atmosphere-side end surface 1a.

[0061] Further, the atmosphere-side end surface 1a of the annular dust seal 1 does not need to be a conical surface (a longitudinal section is a straight line), and may form an angle of 90 or more in the mounted state with respect to a generatrix of the outer peripheral surface 102a at least in the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface 102a of the reciprocating shaft 102.

[0062] Since the atmosphere-side end surface 1a forms an angle of 90 or more with respect to the generatrix of the outer peripheral surface 102a in the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface 102a, the annular dust seal 1 can satisfactorily scrape off the foreign substances adhering to the outer peripheral surface 102a. When the atmosphere-side end surface 1a forms an angle of less than 90 with respect to the generatrix of the outer peripheral surface 102a in the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface 102a, the foreign substances adhering to the outer peripheral surface 102a may enter the space between the reciprocating shaft 102 and the annular dust seal 1 without being satisfactorily scraped off with a reciprocating motion of the reciprocating shaft 102.

[0063] When the annular dust seal 1 is in a state of not being mounted around the reciprocating shaft 102 as shown in FIG. 5, the atmosphere-side end surface 1a forms an angle of less than 90 with respect to the generatrix of the outer peripheral surface 102a of the reciprocating shaft 102 to be mounted, and may have a tapered shape protruding toward the atmosphere side as being away from the outer peripheral surface 102a. In other words, when being mounted around the reciprocating shaft 102 as shown in FIG. 6, the annular dust seal 1 is displaced by being pressed against the outer peripheral surface 102a of the reciprocating shaft 102, and the atmosphere-side end surface 1a forms an angle of 90 or more with respect to the generatrix of the outer peripheral surface 102a of the reciprocating shaft 102 and has a tapered shape protruding toward the atmosphere side as the end surface 1a is closer to the outer peripheral surface 102a. The amount of the annular dust seal 1 to be displaced becomes a tightening margin.

[0064] FIG. 7 is a graph showing a contact pressure of the annular dust seal shown in FIG. 5 with respect to the reciprocating shaft.

[0065] In FIG. 7, a region where the contact pressure is positive is a region where the dust lip 4 is crushed due to elastic deformation and contacts with the outer peripheral surface 102a of the reciprocating shaft 102. The atmosphere side of the contact region is a right end of a horizontal axis, and a left side of the horizontal axis indicates a distance to the hydraulic side.

[0066] In a conventional product in FIG. 7, a position having a maximum contact pressure is the top portion of the dust lip. In the annular dust seal 1 of the present embodiment, a position of the top portion 4c is the same as that of the conventional product, but the contact pressure may not be maximum at the top portion 4c due to the difference in the radius of curvature of the surface of the dust lip 4.

[0067] Even in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the contact pressure of the dust lip 4 with respect to the outer peripheral surface 102a of the reciprocating shaft 102 has a lower peak value than that of the above-described conventional product, and a length in the axial direction of the portion having the peak value is longer on the hydraulic side. A required surface pressure width w2 in which the contact pressure exceeds a required surface pressure p is wider than that of the conventional product. This is because the radius of curvature R1 on the hydraulic side is increased. The conventional product and the annular dust seal 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 7 have the same material, overall shape, temperature conditions, and the like.

[0068] Accordingly, the annular dust seal 1 has an excellent dust seal function, can maintain the excellent dust seal function for a long period of time, and can contribute to a longer service life of a device. Further, the annular dust seal 1 of the present embodiment can satisfactorily scrape off foreign substances adhering to the outer peripheral surface 102a of the reciprocating shaft 102 with the atmosphere-side end surface 1a.

[0069] Specific configuration, shapes, materials, operations, numerical values, etc. in the description of the above-described embodiments are merely examples for describing the present disclosure, and is not intended to restrictively interpret the present disclosure.

[0070] The annular dust seal described above is used in the rod sealing system of the hydraulic cylinder to be used as an actuator of the construction machinery, the civil engineering machinery, the transport vehicle, or the like. However, the annular dust seal is not limited to the rod sealing system of the hydraulic cylinder, and is applicable to any devices that needs to seal the inside of the housing around the shaft from the atmosphere.