Robust multi-tool assembly for hydraulic excavators

Abstract

A hydraulic excavator tool adapted to be secured to the distal working end of an excavator boom including a main tool assembly with a tool framework, a spaced apart pair of connection flanges fast with the tool framework, and, a structural tubular casing integral with the tool framework extending across and through the tool framework and through the flanges, plus a rotary hydraulic actuator within the tubular casing extending between the connection flanges and providing a rotational drive motion to a drive axle extending between the connection flanges adapted to provide a controlled rotary drive motion of the axle adjacent the connection flanges, and a working tool framework fast to the axle adjacent each of the connection flanges for relative controlled rotation of the working tool framework about the drive axle between the tool framework and a working position.

Claims

1. A hydraulic excavator tool adapted to be secured to an excavator boom comprising: (a) a main tool assembly including: i. a main tool framework, ii. a spaced apart pair of connection flanges fast with said main tool framework, and, iii. a structural tubular casing integral with the main tool framework extending across the main tool framework and between the connection flanges, (b) a rotary hydraulic actuator within the tubular casing extending between the connection flanges and adapted to provide a rotational drive motion of a drive axle, (c) the drive axle extending between the connection flanges and being adapted to provide a rotary drive motion of the axle adjacent the connection flanges, and (d) a working tool framework being fast to the drive axle adjacent each of the connection flanges for rotation of the working tool framework about the drive axle between the main tool framework and a working position, the working tool framework being fast to the drive axle by a pair of working arms, the pair of working arms being fast to the drive axle at points external to connection points of the main tool framework to the drive axle and inwardly of side walls of the main tool framework.

2. The hydraulic excavator tool of claim 1, wherein the rotary actuator is fast with the tubular casing adjacent both of the connection flanges.

3. The hydraulic excavator tool of claim 2, wherein drive axle is supported within the rotary actuator adjacent both of the connection flanges.

4. The hydraulic excavator tool of claim 3, wherein the working tool framework is a skeletal framework and the pair of working arms are spaced apart along the direction of the drive axle by at least the length of the tubular casing.

5. The hydraulic excavator tool of claim 4, wherein the working arms are spaced apart by the length of the tubular casing.

6. The hydraulic excavator tool of claim 5, wherein the main tool assembly is adapted to be secured to a distal working end of an excavator boom.

7. The hydraulic excavator tool of claim 5, wherein the drive axle lies between the working tool framework and the distal end of an excavator boom.

8. The hydraulic excavator tool of claim 1, wherein the working tool framework further includes a gap between the pair of working arms, the tubular casing adapted to provide for controlled rotation of the working tool framework through an angle of more than 45 degrees.

9. The hydraulic excavator tool of claim 8, wherein the angle of controlled rotation provided is more than 60 degrees.

10. The hydraulic excavator tool of claim 9, wherein the angle of controlled rotation provided is more than 90 degrees.

11. The hydraulic excavator tool of claim 4, wherein the main tool assembly is an excavator bucket including an array of excavation teeth remote from the axle.

12. The hydraulic excavator tool of claim 11, wherein the connection flanges are positioned inwardly from the side walls of the excavator bucket.

13. The hydraulic excavator tool of claim 12, wherein the working tool framework is a thumb tool.

14. The hydraulic excavator tool of claim 13, wherein the thumb tool is rotatable about the axle from a position in contact with the excavator bucket or the excavation teeth to a non-working position adjacent an excavator boom.

15. The hydraulic excavator tool of claim 4, wherein the main tool assembly is an excavator rake tool including tines extending away from the axle in an array wider than the tubular casing.

16. The hydraulic excavator tool of claim 15, wherein the working tool framework is a secondary rake tool including gripping tines extending away from the axle in an array narrower than the tubular casing.

Description

DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 01 is an elevation view of the bucket tool assembly embodiment of the invention in in-use conditions separately shown in sub-FIGS. 01A and 01B depicting the thumb-bucket combination secured to the distal working end of the excavator boom in fully closed and fully open condition, respectively.

(2) FIG. 02 is a perspective view of the working tool assembly of FIG. 01 adapted in to a rake configuration.

(3) FIGS. 03 and 04 are front and side elevations of a variation of the the rake tool assembly of FIG. 02 shown the tool in fully closed, pinching, partially open and fully open condition in dotted relief in FIG. 04.

(4) FIG. 05 is an end view of the structural tube and encased rotary hydraulic actuator of FIGS. 01 through 04 the invention.

(5) FIG. 06 is a cross-sectional view of the tube and actuator of FIG. 05 taken along line A-A in FIG. 05 and showing the spatial relationship with the secondary arm of a hydraulic excavator.

(6) FIG. 07 is a partial perspective view of the rotary tool coupler embodiment of the invention.

(7) FIG. 08 is a central cross-section of the coupler embodiment of FIG. 07 shown an end view of the rotary hydraulic actuator and the range of relative controlled motion between the coupler and the working tool pin and the coupler framework.

(8) FIG. 09 shows an internal elevation and an external elevation of the A through D sequence of operations of the coupler embodiment of FIG. 07.

(9) FIG. 10 shows a partial perspective view of the coupler with the grabbing hook claw bolted to rotary actuator flanges and the rotary axle at each end of the axle adjacent the connection flanges.

THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(10) The hydraulic excavator 2 tool 1 of the invention is shown in a side elevation view in FIG. 01 configured as a bucket 12 plus a gripper thumb 13 connected for controlled relative rotation about axle 14 separate from the main bucket axes of work 10 and 11. FIG. 01a shows the thumb 13 in a fully closed position which FIG. 01b shown the thumb in the full open position.

(11) All of the operating requirements for the tool assembly 1 are within the working area A between the cab 3, tracks 4, the primary arm or stick 5 and the secondary arm or stick 6 of the excavator while none of these are in the external area B. Tool assembly 1 is operated hydraulically from the cab completely independently of the bucket 12 or the secondary arm 6 or their operating or connecting linkages and thus is under separate operator control.

(12) As is commonly the case, rotation of stick 5 about stick 6 is driven and maintained by linear hydraulic cylinder 7. Similarly, stick 6 includes a further secondary linear hydraulic cylinder 9 adapted to drive and maintain bucket 12 in rotation about stick 6. Notably both cylinders and related bearings and linkages 7 and 9 are fully within external area B and are fully protected from work area A by the body of each of the sticks 5 and 9 respectively.

(13) Main working tool 1 of the bucket embodiment is secured to secondary stick 6 for pivotal movement about horizontal working axis 10. The angular position of bucket 1 in respect of stick 6 is driven and maintained by tool linkage 8 mounted between cylinder 9 and a bucket drive horizontal working axis 11 in a traditional and well-known manner which is very comfortable for use by the excavator operator. Axes 10 and 11 are parallel to each other and fitted with very robust bearings.

(14) Thumb 13 is mounted to the bucket tool assembly about a 3.sup.rd parallel and horizontal axis of rotation 14. Preferably, bucket axis 14 is between the mounting axes 10 and 11 and the distal working end of the bucket tool. Mounting the thumb 13 to the bucket 1 separates the thumb and its mechanisms from the harshest of the work activity carried out by the excavator and bucket combination as it may be independently rotated from a fully engaged position along line 15 in FIG. 01A to a fully open or disengaged position along line 16 as shown in FIG. 01B.

(15) The range to open is as shown at item 17 in FIG. 01A and as item 18 in FIG. 01B as a range to close.

(16) The working tool assembly of the invention is shown in the rake tool 19 embodiment depicted in a partially open perspective view in FIG. 02.

(17) The rake tool 19 includes a rake frame 20 and a plurality of extending rake tines 21 monolithic with the frame 20, a pair of tool mount flanges 29 and 30 and a drive casing 34. As with FIG. 01, tool mount flanges 29 and 30 provide for horizontal pivot axes 10 and 11 and for a quick tool change between a bucket tool of FIG. 01 and the rake tool of FIG. 02 without interference with thumb components.

(18) Drive casing 34 is a hollow tubulal structural element tool of rake frame 20, as by welding, and extends across a substantial proportion of the width of the rake tool 19 so as to include both mounting connecting flanges 29 and 30 and the rake frame 20.

(19) The rake tool 19 may include an inter-tine support framework 25 adjacent the working tips.

(20) The thumb 22 is shown in partially open angular position depicted along line 26.

(21) Thumb 22 includes a pair of spaced apart arms 26 monolithic with a horizontal drive rotary hydraulic cylinder for pivotal motion in respect of tool 19 about transverse axis 14 central to the drive cylinder and the drive casing 34.

(22) Thumb may be driven closed along arc 27 towards a fully closed position depicted by line 15 or driven open along arc 28 towards a fully open position depicted at line 16 or even further in rotation.

(23) Thumb 22 also includes a thumb framework 24 extending between arms 23.

(24) Thumb 22 encompasses a fully open relief spacing 48 between the arms 23, the thumb framework 24 and the tool frame 20 as it is mounted to the rotary drive at points external to both the drive casing 34 and the tool framework 20.

(25) FIGS. 03 and 04 show a frontal and side elevation of a variant upon the rake tool of FIG. 02 shown in fully closed position 31 and an open position in dotted relief in FIG. 04.

(26) In the embodiment of FIGS. 03 and 04 the structural casing 34 extends only to a width 35 just slightly less that the inter-arm spacing 36 of thumb arms 23.

(27) As can be seen, spacing 32 between flanges 29 and 30, including mounting hardware 33, is fully within the length 35 of casing 64 and also within the nominal width 45 of secondary stick 6.

(28) Since thumb arm width 35 is greater than stick width 45 the thumb 13 is able to rotate from the fully closed position of FIGS. 03 and 04 to an open position shown in dotted relief if FIG. 04 as line 26 rotates through arc 28 to a first open position 16a and further to open position 16b whereat the arms 23 have rotated to the fullest extent past the outer boundaries of stick 6 until rake framework 24 contacts stick 6. As can be seen, the extent of rotation will vary depending upon the particular embodiment being designed as a smaller thumb frame 24 or longer arms 23 will provide for a larger inter-arm spacing 48

(29) FIGS. 05 and 06 are an end elevation of the rotary actuator and a cross-section taken along line A-A of FIG. 05 in FIG. 06.

(30) Rotary actuator 40 is generally cylindrical and is mounted monolithically, as by welding, into structural casing tube 34 at least at its horizontal extremities 49 so that non-axially aligned stresses are transmitted through to casing 34 and then the more robust elements of the tool framework and the excavator. Arms 23 are secured to opposite ends of the rotary actuator for rotation on the actuator horizontal axis 14. Actuator axle bearings 42 are thus in close proximity to extremities 49. Arm spacing 36 is shown close coupled to casing length 35.

(31) Hydraulic drive lines may be fully engaged outside of work area B and connect through casing 34. Engagement of hydraulic pressure drives the piston laterally in direction 44 and thus along a spline to rotate axle 41 in either direction through a broad arc as in 28 or larger.

(32) The tool coupler embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 07 through 10 with independent numbering corresponding in element type or function to FIGS. 01 through 06.

(33) Rotary hydraulic drive cylinder is welded into a protective cylindrical sleeve to form rotary cylinder arrangement RH as in FIG. 07 preferably at weldment points 106. Claw G1 from FIG. 07 is formed of an opposing pair of grapple claws 104 and 107 (see FIG. 10) with engagement teeth 105, one affixed at each end of the central x-y axis of arrangement RH for rotation about axis 103 which corresponds to axis 14 in FIG. 01 through 06.

(34) As can be seen in FIG. 07 the main working hydraulics of the rotary actuator and its hydraulic lines have been completely isolated from the rigors of the excavating environment with only exterior seals showing, if at all, and no moving (linear) internal parts. This provides for economies of space along the axis 103 and in the remaining body of the coupler C whose volume is now solely occupied by pawl or claw operations.

(35) FIG. 08 shows a central vertical cross-section of the rotary cylinder RH of FIG. 07.

(36) Central x-y axis 103 is provided by the central rotating drive shaft of cylinder RH (R in this view) and rotates about axis 103 preferably about 62 degrees from the fully open position to a fully locked position. In this transition pins 102a and 102b are placed and then driven from positions 102aii to position 102ai where it may be captured by pawl S. The rotation of claws G1 secure pins 102b and drive them from positions 102bii to 102bi.

(37) Preferably rotary drive RH is only required to work in the range of about 0 to 62 degrees. In the present preferred embodiment the rotary cylinder may be quite short.

(38) Once in position 102bi the operation of pawl S rotates pawl P into engagement with ratchet R for mechanical security.

(39) FIG. 09 shows an internal elevation and an external elevation of the A through D sequence of operations of the coupler embodiment of FIG. 7. FIG. 10 shows another perspective view of the rotary cylinder assembly RH of this embodiment of the invention. Outer tubular structural casing is fixed as by welding to cylinder body as at weldments 106. Claws G1 are shown as elements 104 and 107 at opposite ends of the tubular casing and connection flanges assembly and are fixed to the rotary axle for rotation about axis 103. Between elements 104 and 107 are a pair of ratchet pawls 201 and 203 separated by spacers 202 and 204 and the whole affixed into a single rotating claw assembly supported on the end arms adjacent the connecting flanges and the rotary cylinder axle.

(40) Once the coupler C is encased in its armor cover casing the isolation of the moving components from the work environment is complete and the user is provided with a robust and compact working coupler tool.

(41) It should be understood that components and features provided in respect of one embodiment described herein can be interchanged with corresponding features in other embodiments, insofar as that is physically possible, unless otherwise stated.

(42) The scope of the patent protection sought herein is defined by the accompanying claims. The apparatuses and procedures shown in the accompanying drawings and described herein are examples.