SINTERED FERROUS ALLOY VALVE SEAT EXHIBITING EXCELLENT THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY FOR USE IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Abstract

Disclosed is a copper-infiltrated valve seat insert of an iron-base sintered alloy having a two-layer structure formed by integrating a functional member side layer and a supporting member side layer across a boundary, and the thermal conductivity rate at 300 C. is 25 W/m.Math.K or more in the functional member side layer and 60 W/m.Math.K or more in the supporting member side layer.

Claims

1. A valve seat insert made of an iron-base sintered alloy for internal combustion engines, the valve seat insert being formed by integrating two of a functional member side layer and a supporting member side layer, wherein Cu is infiltrated in pores of the functional member side layer and the supporting member side layer, a valve contacting face is formed on the functional member side layer, and the valve seat insert is superior in thermal conductivity as a thermal conductivity rate of the functional member side layer at 300 C. is 25 W/m.Math.K or more, a thermal conductivity rate of the supporting member side layer at 300 C. is 60 W/m.Math.K or more, and a thermal conductivity rate of the valve seat insert at 300 C. is 45 W/m.Math.K or more on average.

2. The valve seat insert made of an iron-base sintered alloy for internal combustion engines according to claim 1, wherein the functional member side layer accounts for 10 to 40% by volume % with respect to the entire valve seat insert.

3. The valve seat insert made of an iron-base sintered alloy for internal combustion engines according to claim 1, wherein the functional member side layer is a layer that comprises a matrix part in which hard particles are dispersed in a matrix phase and pores filled with Cu by infiltration, wherein the matrix phase has a matrix phase structure including a fine carbide precipitation phase in an amount of 15% or more in volume % with respect to the entire matrix phase and less than 80% including 0% of a tempered martensite phase or pearlite, a martensite phase and a high alloy phase, the matrix part has a matrix part structure formed by dispersing the hard particles with a Vickers hardness of 600 to 1200 HV, 10 to 30% in volume % with respect to the entire matrix part in the matrix phase, and a matrix part composition which contains C: 0.5 to 2.0% in mass % with respect to the entire matrix part and contains one kind or two or more kinds selected from among Co, Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Mn, W, V, S, Ca, F, Cu and Mg in a total amount of 45% or less, with the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities, and further contains the Cu filled in the pores by infiltration in an amount of 10 to 35% in volume % with respect to the entire functional member side layer, and the supporting member side layer is a layer that comprises a matrix phase and pores filled with Cu by infiltration, wherein the matrix phase has a matrix phase composition which contains C: 0.5 to 2.0% in mass % with respect to the entire matrix phase with the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities, and further contains the Cu filled in the pores by infiltration in an amount of 15 to 35% in volume % with respect to the entire supporting member side layer.

4. The valve seat insert made of an iron-base sintered alloy for internal combustion engines according to claim 1, wherein the functional member side layer includes, in addition to the matrix part structure, a matrix part structure formed by dispersing solid lubricant particles in an amount of 0.1 to 5.0% in volume % with respect to the entire matrix part.

5. The valve seat insert made of an iron-base sintered alloy for internal combustion engines according to claim 3, wherein the supporting member side layer has, in addition to the matrix phase composition, a matrix phase composition containing one kind or two or more kinds selected from among Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Mn, W, V, S, Cu and Co in a total amount of 10% or less in mass % with respect to the entire matrix phase.

6. The valve seat insert made of an iron-base sintered alloy for internal combustion engines according to claim 3, wherein instead of the supporting member side layer, the supporting member side layer is a layer that has a matrix phase and pores filled with Cu by infiltration, includes a matrix part formed by dispersing solid lubricant particles in the matrix phase, has a matrix part structure formed by dispersing the solid lubricant particles in an amount of 0.1 to 4.0% in volume % with respect to the entire matrix part and a matrix part composition containing C: 0.5 to 2.0% in mass % with respect to the entire matrix part and containing one kind or two or more kinds selected from among Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Mn, W, V, S, Ca, F, Cu, Co and Mg in a total amount of 15% or less, and further contains the Cu filled in the pores by infiltration in an amount of 15 to 35% in volume % with respect to the entire supporting member side layer.

7. The valve seat insert made of an iron-base sintered alloy for internal combustion engines according to claim 2, wherein the functional member side layer is a layer that comprises a matrix part in which hard particles are dispersed in a matrix phase and pores filled with Cu by infiltration, wherein the matrix phase has a matrix phase structure including a fine carbide precipitation phase in an amount of 15% or more in volume % with respect to the entire matrix phase and less than 80% including 0% of a tempered martensite phase or pearlite, a martensite phase and a high alloy phase, the matrix part has a matrix part structure formed by dispersing the hard particles with a Vickers hardness of 600 to 1200 HV, 10 to 30% in volume % with respect to the entire matrix part in the matrix phase, and a matrix part composition which contains C: 0.5 to 2.0% in mass % with respect to the entire matrix part and contains one kind or two or more kinds selected from among Co, Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Mn, W, V, S, Ca, F, Cu and Mg in a total amount of 45% or less, with the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities, and further contains the Cu filled in the pores by infiltration in an amount of 10 to 35% in volume % with respect to the entire functional member side layer, and the supporting member side layer is a layer that comprises a matrix phase and pores filled with Cu by infiltration, wherein the matrix phase has a matrix phase composition which contains C: 0.5 to 2.0% in mass % with respect to the entire matrix phase with the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities, and further contains the Cu filled in the pores by infiltration in an amount of 15 to 35% in volume % with respect to the entire supporting member side layer.

8. The valve seat insert made of an iron-base sintered alloy for internal combustion engines according to claim 2, wherein the functional member side layer includes, in addition to the matrix part structure, a matrix part structure formed by dispersing solid lubricant particles in an amount of 0.1 to 5.0% in volume % with respect to the entire matrix part.

9. The valve seat insert made of an iron-base sintered alloy for internal combustion engines according to claim 3, wherein the functional member side layer includes, in addition to the matrix part structure, a matrix part structure formed by dispersing solid lubricant particles in an amount of 0.1 to 5.0% in volume % with respect to the entire matrix part.

10. The valve seat insert made of an iron-base sintered alloy for internal combustion engines according to claim 7, wherein the functional member side layer includes, in addition to the matrix part structure, a matrix part structure formed by dispersing solid lubricant particles in an amount of 0.1 to 5.0% in volume % with respect to the entire matrix part.

11. The valve seat insert made of an iron-base sintered alloy for internal combustion engines according to claim 4, wherein the supporting member side layer has, in addition to the matrix phase composition, a matrix phase composition containing one kind or two or more kinds selected from among Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Mn, W, V, S, Cu and Co in a total amount of 10% or less in mass % with respect to the entire matrix phase.

12. The valve seat insert made of an iron-base sintered alloy for internal combustion engines according to claim 7, wherein the supporting member side layer has, in addition to the matrix phase composition, a matrix phase composition containing one kind or two or more kinds selected from among Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Mn, W, V, S, Cu and Co in a total amount of 10% or less in mass % with respect to the entire matrix phase.

13. The valve seat insert made of an iron-base sintered alloy for internal combustion engines according to claim 4, wherein instead of the supporting member side layer, the supporting member side layer is a layer that has a matrix phase and pores filled with Cu by infiltration, includes a matrix part formed by dispersing solid lubricant particles in the matrix phase, has a matrix part structure formed by dispersing the solid lubricant particles in an amount of 0.1 to 4.0% in volume % with respect to the entire matrix part and a matrix part composition containing C: 0.5 to 2.0% in mass % with respect to the entire matrix part and containing one kind or two or more kinds selected from among Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Mn, W, V, S, Ca, F, Cu, Co and Mg in a total amount of 15% or less, and further contains the Cu filled in the pores by infiltration in an amount of 15 to 35% in volume % with respect to the entire supporting member side layer.

14. The valve seat insert made of an iron-base sintered alloy for internal combustion engines according to claim 7, wherein instead of the supporting member side layer, the supporting member side layer is a layer that has a matrix phase and pores filled with Cu by infiltration, includes a matrix part formed by dispersing solid lubricant particles in the matrix phase, has a matrix part structure formed by dispersing the solid lubricant particles in an amount of 0.1 to 4.0% in volume % with respect to the entire matrix part and a matrix part composition containing C: 0.5 to 2.0% in mass % with respect to the entire matrix part and containing one kind or two or more kinds selected from among Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Mn, W, V, S, Ca, F, Cu, Co and Mg in a total amount of 15% or less, and further contains the Cu filled in the pores by infiltration in an amount of 15 to 35% in volume % with respect to the entire supporting member side layer.

15. The valve seat insert made of an iron-base sintered alloy for internal combustion engines according to claim 8, wherein the supporting member side layer has, in addition to the matrix phase composition, a matrix phase composition containing one kind or two or more kinds selected from among Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Mn, W, V, S, Cu and Co in a total amount of 10% or less in mass % with respect to the entire matrix phase.

16. The valve seat insert made of an iron-base sintered alloy for internal combustion engines according to claim 9, wherein the supporting member side layer has, in addition to the matrix phase composition, a matrix phase composition containing one kind or two or more kinds selected from among Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Mn, W, V, S, Cu and Co in a total amount of 10% or less in mass % with respect to the entire matrix phase.

17. The valve seat insert made of an iron-base sintered alloy for internal combustion engines according to claim 10, wherein the supporting member side layer has, in addition to the matrix phase composition, a matrix phase composition containing one kind or two or more kinds selected from among Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Mn, W, V, S, Cu and Co in a total amount of 10% or less in mass % with respect to the entire matrix phase.

18. The valve seat insert made of an iron-base sintered alloy for internal combustion engines according to claim 8, wherein instead of the supporting member side layer, the supporting member side layer is a layer that has a matrix phase and pores filled with Cu by infiltration, includes a matrix part formed by dispersing solid lubricant particles in the matrix phase, has a matrix part structure formed by dispersing the solid lubricant particles in an amount of 0.1 to 4.0% in volume % with respect to the entire matrix part and a matrix part composition containing C: 0.5 to 2.0% in mass % with respect to the entire matrix part and containing one kind or two or more kinds selected from among Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Mn, W, V, S, Ca, F, Cu, Co and Mg in a total amount of 15% or less, and further contains the Cu filled in the pores by infiltration in an amount of 15 to 35% in volume % with respect to the entire supporting member side layer.

19. The valve seat insert made of an iron-base sintered alloy for internal combustion engines according to claim 9, wherein instead of the supporting member side layer, the supporting member side layer is a layer that has a matrix phase and pores filled with Cu by infiltration, includes a matrix part formed by dispersing solid lubricant particles in the matrix phase, has a matrix part structure formed by dispersing the solid lubricant particles in an amount of 0.1 to 4.0% in volume % with respect to the entire matrix part and a matrix part composition containing C: 0.5 to 2.0% in mass % with respect to the entire matrix part and containing one kind or two or more kinds selected from among Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Mn, W, V, S, Ca, F, Cu, Co and Mg in a total amount of 15% or less, and further contains the Cu filled in the pores by infiltration in an amount of 15 to 35% in volume % with respect to the entire supporting member side layer.

20. The valve seat insert made of an iron-base sintered alloy for internal combustion engines according to claim 10, wherein instead of the supporting member side layer, the supporting member side layer is a layer that has a matrix phase and pores filled with Cu by infiltration, includes a matrix part formed by dispersing solid lubricant particles in the matrix phase, has a matrix part structure formed by dispersing the solid lubricant particles in an amount of 0.1 to 4.0% in volume % with respect to the entire matrix part and a matrix part composition containing C: 0.5 to 2.0% in mass % with respect to the entire matrix part and containing one kind or two or more kinds selected from among Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Mn, W, V, S, Ca, F, Cu, Co and Mg in a total amount of 15% or less, and further contains the Cu filled in the pores by infiltration in an amount of 15 to 35% in volume % with respect to the entire supporting member side layer.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing an example of a cross section of a two-layered valve seat insert to be targeted in the present invention.

[0031] FIG. 2 is an explanatory view schematically showing an outline of the single piece rig testing machine used in the examples.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0032] The valve seat insert 10 of the present invention is, as shown in FIG. 1, a valve seat insert of an iron-base sintered alloy for internal combustion engines formed by integrating two layers of a functional member side layer 11 and a supporting member side layer 12. The valve seat insert of the present invention includes a functional member side layer on the side where the valve seat insert is to come into contact with a valve and a supporting member side layer on the side where the valve seat insert is to come into contact with a seating face of a cylinder head, and the valve seat insert is formed by integrating two layers of the functional member side layer and the supporting member side layer.

[0033] In the valve seat insert of the present invention, the functional member side layer is provided with at least a valve contact face, and it is preferable that the functional member side layer be configured to account for 10 to 40% in volume % with respect to the entire valve seat insert. If the functional member side layer accounts for less than 10% in volume % with respect to the entire valve seat insert, the functional member side layer is excessively thin and the durability of the valve seat insert is reduced. In contrast, if the functional member side layer accounts for more than 40% in volume % with respect to the entire valve seat insert, the functional member side layer is excessively thick and the thermal conductivity is reduced. Preferably, the functional member side layer accounts for 15 to 35% in volume % with respect to the entire valve seat insert.

[0034] In the valve seat insert of the present invention, the functional member side layer includes a matrix part in which hard particles are dispersed in a matrix phase. By dispersing the hard particles in the matrix phase, the wear resistance of the valve seat insert is improved. In the functional member side layer in the valve seat insert of the present invention, the matrix phase preferably is a phase having a structure composed of a fine carbide precipitation phase and a tempered martensite phase or a structure composed of a fine carbide precipitation phase, pearlite, a martensite phase, and a high alloy phase. By making a prescribed amount or more of the fine carbide precipitation phase exist in the matrix phase, adhesion of Cu is suppressed during use and the wear resistance of the functional member side layer subjected to copper infiltration treatment is significantly improved. In order to obtain such effects, the functional member side layer in the valve seat insert of the present invention is accounted for by the fine carbide precipitation phase 15% or more, preferably 35% or more, in volume % with respect to the entire matrix phase. The fine carbide precipitation phase is configured to be a phase in which fine carbide has precipitated, specifically a high-speed tool steel composition powder-derived phase that has a Vickers hardness of 450 HV or more. If the fine carbide precipitation phase accounts for less than 15% in volume %, the hardness of the matrix phase is reduced and a desired wear resistance cannot be secured. In order to stably secure improvement in wear resistance by setting the matrix phase hardness to a prescribed value or more, it is more preferable to make the fine carbide precipitation phase account for 35% or more. The matrix phase may be a single phase of a fine carbide precipitation phase, but from the viewpoint of hardness or opposite aggressiveness, the fine carbide precipitation phase preferably accounts for 80% or less in volume % with respect to the entire matrix phase.

[0035] If the tempered martensite phase is, or the pearlite, the martensitic phase and the high alloy phase are a phase derived from a pure iron powder composition powder and the tempered martensite phase, or the pearlite, the martensite phase and the high alloy phase account for more than 80% in volume %, the wear resistance of the functional member side layer subjected to copper infiltration treatment is reduced. For this reason, in the present invention, it is preferable to reduce as much as possible the tempered martensite phase, or the pearlite, the martensitic phase and the high alloy phase to less than 80% (including 0%) in volume %.

[0036] In addition, the hard particles dispersed in the matrix phase are preferably particles having a Vickers hardness of 600 to 1200 HV. Such hard particles are preferably Co-base intermetallic compound particles. Examples of Co-base intermetallic compound particles include CrMo-type Co-base intermetallic compound particles, MoNiCr-type Co-base intermetallic compound particles, and Mo-type Co-base intermetallic compound particles. Besides such Co-base intermetallic compound particles, the hard particles can be exemplified also by FeMo-type particles.

[0037] The functional member side layer of the valve seat insert according to the present invention preferably has a structure in which the hard particles are dispersed in the matrix phase in an amount of 10 to 30% in volume % with respect to the entire matrix part of the functional member side layer. If the hard particles to be dispersed account for less than 10% in volume % with respect to the entire matrix part of the functional member side layer, a desired wear resistance cannot be secured. In contrast, if the hard particles are dispersed abundantly exceeding 30%, it will be impossible to secure a desired strength as a valve seat insert. Therefore, the dispersion amount of the hard particles in the functional member side layer is preferably limited to the range of 10 to 30% in volume % with respect to the entire matrix part of the functional member side layer. More preferably, it is 20 to 25%.

[0038] In the functional member side layer in the valve seat insert of the present invention, in addition to the above-described hard particles, solid lubricant particles may further be dispersed in an amount of 0.1 to 5.0% in volume % with respect to the entire matrix part of the functional member side layer. If the dispersion amount of solid lubricating particles is less than 0.1%, a desired lubricating effect cannot be expected. On the other hand, if the dispersion amount is more than 5.0%, the machinability improving effect saturates and the strength is reduced. For this reason, in the case of dispersing solid lubricant particles, the amount thereof is preferably limited to 0.1 to 5.0% in volume % with respect to the entire matrix part of the functional member side layer. Examples of the solid lubricant particles include MnS, CaF.sub.2, talc, and MoS.sub.2.

[0039] The functional member side layer of the valve seat insert of the present invention except the above-described matrix part structure is pores, which are filled with Cu (copper) or a copper alloy by infiltration.

[0040] The Cu infiltration amount in the functional member side layer of the valve seat insert of the present invention is preferably limited to 10% or more and 35% or less in volume % with respect to the entire functional member side layer. If the Cu infiltration amount is less than 10%, thermal conductivity is deteriorated, so that it becomes impossible to secure a desired thermal conductivity. On the other hand, when the Cu infiltration amount is larger than 35%, adhesion wear due to Cu filled in the pores occurs during use and wear resistance is deteriorated. For this reason, the amount of Cu infiltration in the functional member side layer is limited to 10% or more and 35% or less by volume % with respect to the entire functional member side layer. It is preferably in the range of 15 to 30%.

[0041] In the functional member side layer in the valve seat insert of the present invention, the composition of the matrix part containing a matrix phase and hard particles or further containing solid lubricant particles is preferably a matrix part composition that contains C: 0.5 to 2.0% in mass % with respect to the entire matrix part, and contains 45% or less in total of one kind or two or more kinds selected from among Co, Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Mn, W, V, S, Ca, F, Cu and Mg, with the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities. Hereinafter, mass % in compositions is simply expressed by %.

[0042] C: 0.5 to 2.0%

[0043] C is an element that increases the strength of valve seat inserts (sintered bodies) and facilitates the diffusion of metal elements during sintering, and it is preferably contained in an amount of 0.5% or more in the functional member side layer of the valve seat insert of the present invention. Meanwhile, when the content exceeds 2.0%, cementite is easily generated in the matrix and a liquid phase is easily generated during sintering, so that dimensional accuracy is reduced. For this reason, it is preferable to limit C in the range of 0.5 to 2.0%. More preferably, the content is 0.75 to 1.75%.

[0044] One kind or two or more kinds selected from among Co, Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Mn, W, V, S, Ca, F, Cu, and Mg: 45% or less in total

[0045] All of Co, Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Mn, W, V, S, Ca, F, Cu, and Mg are elements that increase the strength of valve seat inserts (sintered bodies) and further improve the wear resistance, and one kind or two or more kinds thereof may optionally be contained preferably in a total amount of 10% or more in the matrix phase and the hard particles, or further in the solid lubricant particles. On the other hand, when these elements are contained in a total amount of more than 45%, the moldability is decreased and the radial crushing strength of the valve seat insert is reduced. For this reason, in the functional member side layer, the content of one kind or two or more kinds selected from among Co, Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Mn, W, V, S, Ca, F, Cu, and Mg is preferably limited to 45% or less in total. More preferably, the content is 35% or less.

[0046] In the functional member side layer matrix part, the balance other than the components described above is composed of Fe and unavoidable impurities. In the functional member side layer, the structure other than the above-described matrix part is occupied by pores filled with Cu by copper infiltration treatment, and the infiltrated Cu amount is adjusted to 10 to 35% in volume % with respect to the entire functional member side layer.

[0047] On the other hand, the supporting member side layer in the valve seat insert of the present invention is formed of an iron-base sintered alloy like the functional member side layer, and is integrated with the functional member side layer across the boundary by sintering, and has been subjected to copper infiltration treatment and the pores have been filled with Cu.

[0048] The supporting member side layer comes into contact with a cylinder head across the seating face, supports the functional member side layer, influences the improvement in thermal conductivity, and contributes to drop of the temperature of the valve seat insert. For this reason, the supporting member side layer in the valve seat insert of the present invention is preferably configured to secure a desired strength and have a desired thermal conductivity.

[0049] The supporting member side layer in the valve seat insert of the present invention may have a matrix part structure in which solid lubricant particles are optionally further dispersed in the matrix phase in an amount of 0.1 to 4.0% in volume % with respect to the entire supporting member side layer. If the dispersion amount of solid lubricating particles is less than 0.1%, a desired lubricating effect cannot be expected. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 4.0%, an effect of improving machinability is saturated and the strength is reduced. For this reason, in the case of dispersing solid lubricant particles, it is preferable to limit the amount thereof to 0.1 to 4.0% in volume % with respect to the entire matrix part of the supporting member side layer. Examples of the solid lubricant particles include MnS, CaF.sub.2, talc, and MoS.sub.2.

[0050] The supporting member side layer in the valve seat insert of the present invention may have a matrix part structure in which hard particles are optionally further dispersed in the matrix phase in an amount of 4.0% or less in volume % with respect to the entire supporting member side layer. If the dispersed amount of the hard particles is a large amount exceeding 4.0%, the thermal conductivity is excessively deteriorated. For this reason, in the case of dispersing hard particles, it is preferable to limit the amount thereof to 4.0% or less in volume % with respect to the entire matrix part of the supporting member side layer.

[0051] The matrix phase composition of the supporting member side layer in the valve seat insert of the present invention is preferably a composition that contains C: 0.5 to 2.0% in mass % with respect to the entire matrix phase of the supporting member side layer or further contains 10% or less in total of one kind or two or more kinds selected from among Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Mn, W, V, S, Cu and Co, with the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities. Hereinafter, mass % in compositions is simply expressed by %.

[0052] C: 0.5 to 2.0%

[0053] C is an element that increases the strength and the hardness of valve seat inserts (sintered bodies), and it is preferably contained in an amount of 0.5% or more in order to secure a desired strength or hardness as the valve seat insert of the present invention. Meanwhile, when the content exceeds 2.0%, cementite is easily generated in the matrix and a liquid phase is easily generated during sintering, so that dimensional accuracy is reduced. For this reason, it is preferable to limit C in the range of 0.5 to 2.0%. More preferably, the content is 0.75 to 1.75%.

[0054] The components described above are the basic components of the supporting member side layer, but one kind or two or more kinds selected from among Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Mn, W, V, S, Cu, and Co may optionally further be contained as selective elements in a total amount of 10% or less as selective elements.

[0055] One kind or two or more kinds selected from among Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Mn, W, V, S, Cu, and Co: 10% or less in total

[0056] All of Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Mn, W, V, S, Cu, and Co are elements that increase the strength and the hardness of the supporting member side layer, and one kind or two or more kinds thereof selected may optionally further be contained. In order to acquire such effects, it is preferable to contain them in a total amount of 10% or less. If the total content of these elements exceeds 10%, the moldability is deteriorated and the strength is also reduced. These elements inhibit thermal conductivity, and therefore, they are preferably contained as little as possible from the viewpoint of improving the thermal conductivity. For this reason, the content thereof is limited to 10% or less in total, if contained.

[0057] When solid lubricant particles are dispersed in the matrix phase, the matrix part composition of the supporting member side layer is preferably a matrix part composition containing C: 0.5 to 2.0% in mass % with respect to the entire matrix part and also containing one kind or two or more kinds selected from among Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Mn, W, V, S, Ca, F, Cu, Co, and Mg in a total amount of 15% or less instead of the above-described matrix phase composition.

[0058] In the matrix phase or matrix part of the supporting member side layer in the valve seat insert of the present invention, the balance other than the components described above is composed of Fe and unavoidable impurities.

[0059] The supporting member side layer of the valve seat insert of the present invention except the above-described matrix phase or matrix part is occupied by pores, and in the supporting member side layer of the valve seat insert of the present invention, the pores are positively formed and the pores are filled with Cu by copper infiltration treatment, and thus thermal conductivity is improved. In the supporting member side layer in the valve seat insert of the present invention, the Cu infiltration amount is adjusted to 15 to 35% in volume % with respect to the entire supporting member side layer. In the supporting member side layer, if the Cu infiltration amount is less than 15%, a desired heat conductivity cannot be secured. On the other hand, if the Cu infiltration amount is larger than 35%, a desired strength cannot be secured. For this reason, the Cu infiltration amount in the supporting member side layer is limited to the range of 15 to 35% in volume % with respect to the entire supporting member side layer. Preferably, it is 18 to 30%.

[0060] Next, a preferable method for producing the valve seat insert of the present invention will be described.

[0061] In the present invention, first in a press molding machine, a filling space (a mold) in which a supporting member side layer (a valve seat insert) having a prescribed shape can be formed is formed and the filling space is filled with a raw-material powder (a mixed powder) for a supporting member side layer, and then a filling space (a mold) in which a functional member side layer (a valve seat insert) having a prescribed shape can be formed as an upper layer of the supporting member side layer is formed and the filling space is filled with a raw-material powder (a mixed powder) for the functional member side layer. Furthermore, a filling space (a mold) in which a functional member side layer (a valve seat insert) having a prescribed shape can be formed as an upper layer of the supporting member side layer is formed and the filling space is filled with a raw-material powder (a mixed powder) for the functional member side layer. Then, the supporting member side layer and the functional member side layer are integrally press molded using a commonly used press molding machine to form a green compact (a valve seat insert). From the viewpoint of the strength of a green compact, it is preferable to perform press molding under adjustment such that the resulting green compact has a density of 5.5 to 7.0 g/cm.sup.3.

[0062] It is not necessary to specifically limit the press molding machine to be used in the present invention, and any press molding machine capable of molding a two-layered valve seat insert can be applied.

[0063] As the raw-material powder (the mixed powder) for the supporting member side layer, an iron-based powder, a powder for alloy such as a graphite powder and an alloy element powder, a lubricant particle powder, and optionally a solid lubricant particle powder are blended in prescribed amounts to result in the above-described supporting member side layer composition, mixed, and kneaded to obtain a mixed powder (for the supporting member side layer). The iron-based powder may be a pure iron powder or a steel-based powder with a specific composition.

[0064] In addition, as the raw-material powder (the mixed powder) of the functional member side layer, an iron-based powder, a powder for alloy such as a graphite powder and an alloy element powder, a hard particle powder, and optionally a solid lubricant particle powder are blended in prescribed amounts to result in the matrix part composition of the above-described functional member side layer, mixed, and kneaded to obtain a mixed powder (for the functional member side layer). In the present invention, the iron-based powder for forming the matrix phase is preferably a mixture of a steel-based powder having a steel composition capable of forming a fine carbide precipitation phase and a pure iron powder, or a single steel-based powder. In order to maintain the matrix phase hardness high and to suppress the decrease in wear resistance due to Cu adhesion, it is necessary to adjust the proportion of the steel-based powder having a steel composition capable of forming a fine carbide precipitation phase to be high, and it is preferable to limit the use of the pure iron powder as little as possible. Examples of the above-described steel-based powder is a steel-based powder with a high-speed tool steel composition.

[0065] Subsequently, the green compact obtained is subjected to sintering treatment to form a sintered body, which is then subjected to processing such as machining to form a valve seat insert (a product) for internal combustion engines. The sintering temperature is preferably adjusted to 1000 to 1300 C. During the sintering treatment or separately from the sintering treatment, copper infiltration treatment is performed to fill pores with copper (Cu) or a copper alloy. In order to impart a desired hardness, heat treatment (quenching and tempering treatment) may be performed.

[0066] Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described based on Examples.

EXAMPLES

[0067] As raw-material powders, the raw-material powders shown in Table 1 (an iron-based powder, a powder for alloying elements, a hard particle powder, a solid lubricant particle powder) are blended in the blend amounts shown in Table 1, mixed and kneaded to afford mixed powders for functional member side layers. Further, the raw-material powders (an iron-based powder, a powder for alloying elements, and a solid lubricant particle powder) shown in Table 2 are blended in the blend amounts shown in Table 2, mixed and kneaded to afford mixed powders for supporting member side layers. The compositions of the iron-based powders used are shown in Table 3 and the compositions of the hard particle powders used are shown in Table 4.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 For functional member side layer Graphite Alloy element Solid lubricant Mixed Iron-based powder powder powder Hard particle powder particle powder powder Type*: blend amount Blend amount Type: blend amount Type**: blend amount Type***: blend amount No. (mass %) (mass %) (mass %) (mass %) (mass %) A a:10.0, c:62.8 1.1 Ni:1.6, Co: 2.5 HP2:20.0 SL1:2.0 B a:40.0, c:47.1 0.9 HP1:10.0 SL1:2.0 C a:40.0, c:42.1 0.9 HP1:15.0 SL1:2.0 D a:40.0, c:37.1 0.9 HP1:20.0 SL1:2.0 E a:40.0, c:27.1 0.9 HP1:30.0 SL1:2.0 F a:40.0, c:22.1 0.9 HP1:35.0 SL1:2.0 G a:15.0, c:61.9 1.1 HP1:20.0 SL1:2.0 H a:20.0, c:56.9 1.1 HP1:20.0 SL1:2.0 I a:30.0, c:47.0 1.0 HP1:20.0 SL1:2.0 J a:50.0, c:27.2 0.8 HP1:20.0 SL1:2.0 K a:60.0, c:17.2 0.8 HP1:20.0 SL1:2.0 L a:40.0, c:37.8 0.2 HP1:20.0 SL1:2.0 M a:40.0, c:37.4 0.6 HP1:20.0 SL1:2.0 N a:40.0, c:36.6 1.4 HP1:20.0 SL1:2.0 O a:40.0, c:36.0 2.0 HP1:20.0 SL1:2.0 P a:40.0, c:39.1 0.9 HP1:20.0 Q a:40.0, c:35.1 0.9 HP1:20.0 SL1:4.0 R a:40.0, d:37.1 0.9 HP1:20.0 SL1:2.0 S b:40.0, c:37.1 0.9 HP1:20.0 SL1:2.0 T a:40.0, c:37.1 0.9 HP2:20.0 SL1:2.0 U a:40.0, c:37.1 0.9 HP3:20.0 SL1:2.0 V a:40.0, c:37.1 0.9 HP1:20.0 SL2:2.0 W a:40.0, c:34.6 0.9 Co:2.5 HP1:20.0 SL1:2.0 X a:40.0, c:32.1 0.9 Cu:5.0 HP1:20.0 SL1:2.0 *See Table 3 **See Table 4 ***SL1:MnS, SL2:CaF.sub.2

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 For supporting member side layer Graphite Solid lubricant particle Mixed Iron-based powder powder Alloy element powder Hard particle powder powder powder Type*: blend amount Blend amount Type: blend amount Type**: blend amount Type***: blend amount No. (mass %) (mass %) (mass %) (mass %) (mass %) 1A c:95.25 0.92 Ni:0.33, Co: 2.71 HP4:0.79 1B d:98.8 1.1 SL1:0.1 1C d:97.9 1.1 SL1:1.0 1D d:95.9 1.1 SL1:3.0 1E c:97.9 1.1 SL1:1.0 1F a:1.0, d: 96.9 1.1 SL1:1.0 1G d:96.9 1.1 HP1:1.0 SL1:1.0 1H d:97.9 1.1 SL2:1.0 1I d:92.9 1.1 Cu:5.0 SL1:1.0 1J d:98.9 1.1 *See Table 3 **See Table 4 ***SL1:MnS, SL2:CaF.sub.2

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Iron-based Chemical composition (mass %) powder No. C Si Mn Cr Ni Mo Co V W Others Balance Remarks a 0.90 0.30 0.20 4.10 4.90 2.00 5.80 0.10 Fe High-speed tool steel powder 1 b 1.21 0.23 0.27 4.12 0.15 3.56 9.39 3.38 9.14 0.10 Fe High-speed tool steel powder 2 c 0.02 0.25 Fe Atomized powder d 0.02 0.20 Fe Reduced iron powder *)a: High-speed tool steel powder 1, b: high-speed tool steel powder 2, c: pure iron powder (atomized powder), d: reduced iron powder

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Hard Chemical composition (mass %) particle No. Mo Ni Cr Co Fe Others Remarks HP1 28 9 Bal. 5% or less CrMo-type Co-base intermetallic compound powder HP2 24 10 24 Bal. 5% or less MoNiCr-type Co-base intermetallic compound powder HP3 45 5% or less Bal. 10 5% or less Mo-type Co-base intermetallic compound powder HP4 60 Bal 5% or less FeMo-type hard particle powder

[0068] Next, these mixed powders were integrally press molded (at a face pressure: 2 to 7 ton/cm.sup.2) with a press molding machine, and thus two-layered green compacts for valve seat inserts were obtained.

[0069] The green compacts obtained were further subjected to a 1P1S step of sintering treatment (heating temperature: 1000 to 1300 C.) to afford sintered bodies. In the sintering, copper infiltration treatment was performed, so that Cu was filled (infiltrated) into pores. Infiltration treatment was not applied to the sintered body No. 1 (Conventional Example).

[0070] Subsequently, the sintered bodies obtained were subjected to heat treatment (900 C. heating-quenching treatment and 600 C. tempering treatment), followed by machining and grinding to afford valve seat inserts (products) with an outer diameter of 27.1 mm, an inner diameter of 22.0 mm, and a thickness of 6.5 mm. The above-described heat treatment was not applied to some of the sintered bodies and those which were not subjected to the infiltration treatment.

[0071] For each of the layers of the valve seat inserts (the products) obtained, the contents of the respective compositions were analyzed by emission analysis, and thus the composition of each layer was measured. Further, the Cu (infiltration) amount (mass %) in each layer was calculated from the Cu amount in the layer determined by emission analysis. The obtained results are shown in Table 5.

TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Mixed powder No. Sintered body chemical composition (mass %) Functional Supporting Functional member side layer Sintered member member Thermal Others body No. side layer side layer treatment C Co Si Ca Ni Mo Cr Mn S W V Cu Total 1 A 1A No 1.10 10.51 3.61 5.29 5.21 1.22 0.8 0.58 0.2 28.52 2 B 1C Yes 1.27 5.95 0.41 4.86 2.48 1.46 0.70 2.41 0.80 20.34 3 C 1C Yes 1.28 8.92 0.53 6.24 2.88 1.44 0.71 2.40 0.81 25.21 4 D 1C Yes 1.26 11.93 0.66 7.64 3.28 1.43 0.72 2.40 0.80 30.12 5 D 1C No 1.26 11.89 0.68 7.63 3.25 1.43 0.72 2.41 0.81 30.08 6 E 1C Yes 1.27 17.85 0.91 10.40 4.08 1.47 0.71 2.39 0.83 39.91 7 F 1C Yes 1.26 20.82 1.03 11.85 4.48 1.46 0.74 2.40 0.79 44.83 8 G 1C Yes 1.25 11.89 0.56 6.35 2.23 1.35 0.73 2.38 0.80 27.54 9 H 1C Yes 1.29 11.95 0.58 6.61 2.44 1.37 0.72 1.20 0.41 26.57 10 I 1C Yes 1.28 11.80 0.62 7.11 2.86 1.44 0.73 1.81 0.61 28.26 11 J 1C Yes 1.27 12.00 0.70 8.16 3.76 1.52 0.69 3.05 1.00 32.15 12 K 1C Yes 1.34 11.98 0.74 8.62 4.12 1.56 0.69 3.72 1.20 33.97 13 L 1C Yes 0.67 11.91 0.68 7.65 3.28 1.44 0.70 2.43 0.81 29.57 14 M 1C Yes 0.97 11.95 0.69 7.62 3.25 1.47 0.73 2.45 0.79 29.92 15 N 1C Yes 1.77 11.93 0.66 7.60 3.26 1.44 0.68 2.38 0.78 30.50 16 O 1C Yes 2.37 11.98 0.66 7.60 3.25 1.43 0.73 2.40 0.80 31.22 17 P 1C Yes 1.28 11.92 0.67 7.61 3.27 0.18 2.37 0.79 28.09 18 Q 1C Yes 1.27 11.89 0.64 7.62 3.29 4.07 2.12 2.45 0.83 34.18 19 R 1C Yes 1.27 11.95 0.65 7.61 3.34 1.45 0.74 2.41 0.81 30.23 20 S 1C Yes 1.26 11.98 0.67 7.63 3.26 1.45 0.74 2.40 0.82 30.21 21 T 1C Yes 1.27 7.65 0.74 10.90 2.48 1.46 0.73 2.40 0.80 28.43 22 U 1C Yes 1.26 0.16 14.00 1.68 1.46 0.70 2.40 0.80 22.46 23 V 1C Yes 1.27 11.92 0.68 2.16 7.62 3.28 2.43 0.78 30.14 24 W 1C Yes 1.27 14.42 0.67 7.58 3.28 1.49 0.69 2.39 0.78 32.57 25 X 1C Yes 1.27 11.92 0.66 7.59 3.30 1.48 0.67 2.43 0.81 5.01 35.14 26 D 1B Yes 1.26 11.91 0.68 7.57 3.31 1.49 0.73 2.42 0.82 30.19 27 D 1D Yes 1.28 11.90 0.68 7.60 3.28 1.43 0.72 2.43 0.79 30.11 28 D 1E Yes 1.27 11.94 0.69 7.60 3.29 1.45 0.72 2.37 0.80 30.13 29 D 1F Yes 1.26 11.92 0.63 7.61 3.30 1.42 0.70 2.38 0.80 30.02 30 D 1G Yes 1.26 11.89 0.66 7.58 3.30 1.45 0.68 2.37 0.79 29.98 31 D 1H Yes 1.26 11.87 0.67 7.59 3.28 1.42 0.69 2.39 0.82 29.99 32 D 1I Yes 1.25 11.94 0.68 7.60 3.29 1.43 0.71 2.41 0.79 30.10 33 D 1J Yes 1.26 11.89 0.68 7.59 3.30 1.42 0.70 2.38 0.80 30.02 34 D 1C Yes 1.26 11.85 0.67 7.62 3.28 1.49 0.73 2.43 0.83 30.16 35 D 1C Yes 1.26 11.87 0.67 7.62 3.26 1.48 0.73 2.43 0.83 30.15 36 D 1C Yes 1.28 11.88 0.68 7.61 3.28 1.48 0.74 2.40 0.80 30.15 37 D 1C Yes 1.26 11.91 0.67 7.63 3.30 1.49 0.69 2.40 0.81 30.16 38 D 1C Yes 1.27 11.93 0.66 7.58 3.27 1.48 0.67 2.41 0.82 30.09 39 D 1C Yes 1.27 11.86 0.66 7.58 3.27 1.49 0.68 2.41 0.81 30.03 Sintered body chemical composition (mass %) Supporting member side layer Functional member side layer Others Sintered Cu Mo, Si, Cr, Ni, Cu body No. Balance (Infiltration) C Mn, W, V, S Total Balance (Infiltration) Remarks 1 Fe 1.20 Mo: 0.62, Cu: 4.01 4.63 Fe Conventional Example 2 Fe 16.02 1.12 Mn: 0.65, S: 0.35 1.00 Fe 19.21 Comparative Example 3 Fe 15.82 1.12 Mn: 0.66, S: 0.34 1.00 Fe 19.32 Inventive Example 4 Fe 15.96 1.13 Mn: 0.64, S: 0.35 0.99 Fe 19.34 Inventive Example 5 Fe 15.86 1.14 Mn: 0.65, S: 0.35 1.00 Fe 19.39 Inventive Example 6 Fe 15.60 1.12 Mn: 0.65, S: 0.35 1.00 Fe 19.50 Inventive Example 7 Fe 15.82 1.12 Mn: 0.66, S: 0.34 1.00 Fe 19.03 Inventive Example 8 Fe 16.09 1.11 Mn: 0.66, S: 0.35 1.01 Fe 18.96 Comparative Example 9 Fe 16.12 1.12 Mn: 0.65, S: 0.36 1.01 Fe 19.30 Inventive Example 10 Fe 15.98 1.13 Mn: 0.64, S: 0.35 0.99 Fe 19.46 Inventive Example 11 Fe 15.92 1.12 Mn: 0.65, S: 0.36 1.01 Fe 19.24 Inventive Example 12 Fe 15.83 1.14 Mn: 0.66, S: 0.34 1.00 Fe 18.93 Inventive Example 13 Fe 16.32 1.13 Mn: 0.64, S: 0.35 0.99 Fe 19.30 Inventive Example 14 Fe 16.20 1.13 Mn: 0.66, S: 0.35 1.01 Fe 19.50 Inventive Example 15 Fe 16.03 1.12 Mn: 0.65, S: 0.34 0.99 Fe 19.32 Inventive Example 16 Fe 16.05 1.14 Mn: 0.64, S: 0.34 0.98 Fe 19.56 Inventive Example 17 Fe 15.91 1.13 Mn: 0.66, S: 0.36 1.02 Fe 18.86 Inventive Example 18 Fe 16.09 1.12 Mn: 0.65, S: 0.36 1.01 Fe 19.21 Inventive Example 19 Fe 15.87 1.14 Mn: 0.65, S: 0.35 1.00 Fe 19.03 Inventive Example 20 Fe 16.08 1.12 Mn: 0.66, S: 0.35 1.01 Fe 18.98 Inventive Example 21 Fe 15.99 1.13 Mn: 0.66, S: 0.35 1.01 Fe 18.97 Inventive Example 22 Fe 16.02 1.12 Mn: 0.65, S: 0.34 0.99 Fe 19.32 Inventive Example 23 Fe 16.20 1.12 Mn: 0.65, S: 0.36 1.01 Fe 19.29 Inventive Example 24 Fe 15.89 1.14 Mn: 0.64, S: 0.36 1.00 Fe 19.25 Inventive Example 25 Fe 20.96 1.11 Mn: 0.66, S: 0.35 1.01 Fe 19.60 Inventive Example 26 Fe 16.02 1.12 Mn: 0.062, S: 0.032 0.094 Fe 19.45 Inventive Example 27 Fe 15.96 1.13 Mn: 1.97, S: 1.06 3.03 Fe 19.23 Inventive Example 28 Fe 15.97 1.12 Mn: 0.64, S: 0.37 1.01 Fe 18.96 Inventive Example 29 Fe 16.03 1.13 Mn: 0.64, S: 0.35, V: 0.02, W: 0.06 1.07 Fe 19.23 Inventive Example 30 Fe 15.87 1.14 Mn: 0.65, S: 0.35, Mo: 0.28, Cr: 0.08 1.36 Fe 19.30 Inventive Example 31 Fe 15.98 1.13 Ca: 1.0 1.00 Fe 19.23 Inventive Example 32 Fe 16.01 1.12 Cu: 5.04, Mn: 0.65, S: 0.36 6.05 Fe 25.87 Inventive Example 33 Fe 15.93 1.13 Fe 19.24 Inventive Example 34 Fe 12.34 1.12 Mn: 0.66, S: 0.35 1.01 Fe 16.32 Comparative Example 35 Fe 18.26 1.12 Mn: 0.66, S: 0.35 1.01 Fe 20.86 Inventive Example 36 Fe 24.62 1.13 Mn: 0.65, S: 0.36 1.01 Fe 22.13 Inventive Example 37 Fe 27.29 1.12 Mn: 0.66, S: 0.34 1.00 Fe 26.80 Inventive Example 38 Fe 33.43 1.12 Mn: 0.65, S: 0.33 0.98 Fe 31.45 Inventive Example 39 Fe 45.73 1.13 Mn: 0.64, S: 0.33 0.97 Fe 43.45 Comparative Example

[0072] Further, the cross sections of the obtained valve seat inserts (the products) were ground and subjected to nital etching, and the structure of each layer was observed using a scanning electron microscope (magnification: 200) and the structure of each layer was imaged. From the structure photograph obtained, the structure fraction in each layer was calculated by image analysis, and the result is shown in Table 6. It is noted that the fraction other than the structure fraction shown in the table is occupied by pores. The amount of hard particles dispersed in a matrix phase of a functional member side layer and the amount of solid lubricant particles were shown in volume % with respect to the entire matrix part of a functional member. Further, the amount of solid lubricant particles dispersed in a matrix phase of a supporting member side layer was shown in volume % with respect to the entire matrix part of a supporting member. In addition, the Cu (infiltration) amount was shown in volume % with respect to each entire layer.

TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Sintered body structure (volume %) Functional member side layer Matrix phase (volume %) Tempered martensite Mixed powder No. Fine phase, etc. Solid Sintered Functional Supporting carbide Tempered High Hard lubricant body member member Thermal precipitation martensite Pearl- Martensite alloy particle particle No. side layer side layer treatment phase phase ite phase phase Others Total (volume %) (volume %) 1 A 1A No 9.4 55.4 3.0 58.4 16.0 2.6 2 B 1C Yes 37.6 36.5 2.0 38.5 7.2 2.5 3 C 1C Yes 37.3 29.7 3.5 33.2 11.8 2.8 4 D 1C Yes 38.7 25.6 3.1 28.6 14.5 2.6 5 D 1C No 35.3 19.1 1.6 4.9 1.2 26.8 21.7 2.6 6 E 1C Yes 36.1 19.6 2.3 21.9 25.4 2.3 7 F 1C Yes 35.7 16.2 2.5 18.7 29.8 2.7 8 G 1C Yes 13.1 51.1 3.5 54.6 15.1 2.6 9 H 1C Yes 17.5 46.0 1.9 47.9 14.7 2.4 10 I 1C Yes 26.3 38.8 2.0 40.8 14.1 2.1 11 J 1C Yes 43.9 22.4 3.6 26.0 13.8 2.3 12 K 1C Yes 52.7 14.2 2.1 16.3 13.9 2.2 13 L 1C Yes 36.2 27.8 2.1 29.9 14.2 2.5 14 M 1C Yes 36.3 26.3 1.7 28.0 14.7 2.8 15 N 1C Yes 37.5 25.2 3.0 28.2 13.9 3.0 16 O 1C Yes 37.1 26.7 2.9 29.6 14.1 2.4 17 P 1C Yes 36.9 28.2 2.4 30.6 14.1 18 Q 1C Yes 36.8 23.9 2.1 26.0 15.2 4.7 19 R 1C Yes 37.4 25.6 2.3 27.9 15.1 2.5 20 S 1C Yes 36.5 26.1 3.1 29.2 14.9 2.6 21 T 1C Yes 35.9 25.6 2.8 28.4 15.0 2.8 22 U 1C Yes 36.1 26.1 2.5 28.6 14.8 2.5 23 V 1C Yes 36.6 25.3 3.1 28.4 14.8 2.8 24 W 1C Yes 37.5 24.5 2.8 27.3 14.6 2.4 25 X 1C Yes 37.8 25.5 3.4 28.9 14.5 2.6 26 D 1B Yes 37.6 27.1 3.2 30.3 13.6 2.1 27 D 1D Yes 36.8 28.2 3.3 31.5 13.9 2.6 28 D 1E Yes 36.5 28.1 3.3 31.4 14.3 2.4 29 D 1F Yes 37.4 26.7 3.4 30.1 14.2 2.3 30 D 1G Yes 36.2 27.2 3.1 30.3 14.2 2.9 31 D 1H Yes 37.6 25.6 2.5 28.1 14.7 2.7 32 D 1I Yes 36.2 28.5 2.4 30.9 14.4 2.5 33 D 1J Yes 37.2 28.2 2.9 31.1 14.5 2.9 34 D 1C Yes 37.5 29.2 3.6 32.8 14.9 3.2 35 D 1C Yes 35.4 26.2 2.4 28.6 14.3 2.5 36 D 1C Yes 33.6 24.3 1.9 26.2 13.8 2.1 37 D 1C Yes 31.8 22.2 3.5 35.7 12.5 2.6 38 D 1C Yes 29.6 20.7 2.5 23.2 11.9 2.7 39 D 1C Yes 26.1 19.8 1.3 21.1 9.3 3.1 Sintered body structure (volume %) Supporting member side layer Matrix phase Functional member (volume %) side layer Tempered martensite Cu phase, etc. Solid Cu Sintered infiltration Tempered lubricant infiltration body amount martensite Pearl- Martensite particle amount No. (volume %) phase ite phase Others Total (volume %) (volume %) Remarks 1 76.2 2.5 78.7 Conventional Example 2 13.5 78.4 3.2 81.6 1.2 16.5 Comparative Example 3 14.2 76.9 3.5 80.4 1.2 17.1 Inventive Example 4 14.9 75.6 2.5 78.1 1.0 19.4 Inventive Example 5 11.9 73.8 4.5 2.3 80.6 0.9 17.5 Inventive Example 6 12.9 76.5 2.1 78.6 1.3 19.1 Inventive Example 7 12.5 78.1 2.4 80.5 1.4 17.5 Inventive Example 8 13.1 76.3 2.1 78.4 0.9 18.4 Comparative Example 9 15.4 76.8 2.1 78.9 1.0 18.7 Inventive Example 10 14.1 77.2 2.9 80.1 1.0 17.6 Inventive Example 11 13.0 76.9 2.6 79.1 1.1 17.5 Inventive Example 12 14.1 78.3 2.3 80.6 1.3 16.5 Inventive Example 13 15.2 77.6 3.0 80.6 1.2 17.5 inventive Example 14 15.4 78.4 1.9 80.3 1.5 16.9 Inventive Example 15 15.1 77.3 2.1 79.4 1.0 17.9 Inventive Example 16 15.7 78.5 2.2 80.7 1.3 16.7 Inventive Example 17 15.7 78.6 2.3 80.9 1.2 17.4 Inventive Example 18 15.4 77.3 3.1 80.4 1.1 17.9 Inventive Example 19 14.7 77.6 3.0 80.6 1.2 16.9 Inventive Example 20 15.0 77.9 2.6 80.5 1.4 17.6 Inventive Example 21 14.5 78.2 2.8 81.0 1.3 16.9 Inventive Example 22 15.5 78.1 2.7 80.8 1.0 17.4 Inventive Example 23 14.4 75.4 2.5 77.9 1.2 18.4 Inventive Example 24 14.3 76.8 2.4 79.2 1.2 17.8 Inventive Example 25 14.7 76.3 2.6 78.9 1.0 18.4 Inventive Example 26 15.2 77.5 2.9 80.4 0.1 18.5 Inventive Example 27 14.2 76.4 3.0 79.4 3.3 16.7 Inventive Example 28 14.2 76.6 2.6 79.2 1.2 17.8 Inventive Example 29 15.4 75.2 3.5 78.7 1.0 18.4 Inventive Example 30 15.2 74.3 3.8 78 1.3 18.7 Inventive Example 31 15.4 77.8 2.3 80.1 1.3 17.4 Inventive Example 32 14.9 77.4 2.8 80.2 1.1 18.0 Inventive Example 33 15.3 76.3 2.8 79.1 17.9 Inventive Example 34 9.3 79.8 2.8 82.6 1.2 14.3 Comparative Example 35 17.9 75.6 2.6 78.2 1.2 19.1 Inventive Example 36 23.5 74.5 2.3 76.8 1.1 20.7 Inventive Example 37 26.0 71.3 2.3 73.6 1.2 24.1 Inventive Example 38 31.2 62.6 2.4 65.0 1.3 30.5 Inventive Example 39 39.8 57.3 2.1 59.4 1.0 37.8 Comparative Example

[0073] Further, the cross sections of the obtained valve seat inserts (the products) were ground and subjected to nital etching, and the structure was observed using an optical microscope (magnification: 200) and the proportion (volume %) of the functional member side layer in the valve seat insert was determined and shown in Table 7.

[0074] Next, using the valve seat inserts (the products) obtained as test pieces, they were mounted on a single rig wear testing machine shown in FIG. 2 and a wear test was performed under the following conditions:

[0075] Test temperature: 270 C.,

[0076] Test time: 8 hours,

[0077] Cam rotation speed: 3000 rpm,

[0078] Valve speed: 20 rpm,

[0079] Valve material: nitride valve,

[0080] Heat source: LPG.

[0081] The difference between before and after the wear test was calculated from the shape of a test piece (a valve seat insert) before and after the test and converted into a wear amount (m). Taking the wear amount of the sintered body No. 1 (Conventional Example) as 1.00 (standard), the wear ratio of each valve seat insert to that is calculated, and the results are shown in Table 7. Cases where the valve seat insert wear ratio was equal to or less than that of the conventional example were evaluated as o, and other cases were evaluated as x.

[0082] Further, a sample for thermal conductivity rate measurement was prepared under the same conditions as those for the above-described valve seat insert, and the thermal conductivity rate thereof at 300 C. was measured using a laser flash method and is shown in Table 7. Cases where the thermal conductivity rate at 300 C. satisfies 25 W/m.Math.K or more in the functional member side layer, 60 W/m.Math.K or more in the supporting member side layer, and 45 W/m.Math.K or more in the entire valve seat insert (average) are evaluates as o, and the other cases were evaluated as x.

TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 Thermal conductivity Mixed powder No. Func- Func- Func- tional tional Supporting Wear Sintered tional Supporting Thermal member member member resistance body member member treat- side layer side layer side layer Entirety Evalu- Wear Evalu- No. side layer side layer ment ratio (%) (W/m .Math. K) (W/m .Math. K) (W/m .Math. K) ation ratio ation Remarks 1 A 1A No 40.80 13.20 24.02 19.61 X 1.00 Standard Conventional Example 2 B 1C Yes 35.62 26.78 62.60 49.84 1.15 X Comparative Example 3 C 1C Yes 30.30 28.80 64.20 53.47 0.98 Inventive Example 4 D 1C Yes 29.23 28.80 64.30 53.92 0.92 Inventive Example 5 D 1C No 32.32 28.87 64.56 53.02 0.97 Inventive Example 6 E 1C Yes 32.02 29.20 66.20 54.35 0.69 Inventive Example 7 F 1C Yes 31.53 27.25 65.21 53.24 0.57 Inventive Example 8 G 1C Yes 25.94 28.20 62.31 53.46 1.09 X Comparative Example 9 H 1C Yes 31.12 27.98 65.34 53.71 0.97 Inventive Example 10 I 1C Yes 26.32 28.31 69.20 58.44 0.94 Inventive Example 11 J 1C Yes 28.21 27.58 63.20 53.15 0.9 Inventive Example 12 K 1C Yes 27.38 28.65 64.32 54.55 0.83 Inventive Example 13 L 1C Yes 32.03 29.20 65.86 54.12 0.98 Inventive Example 14 M 1C Yes 30.68 29.84 64.50 53.87 0.94 Inventive Example 15 N 1C Yes 29.13 30.80 65.31 55.26 0.91 Inventive Example 16 O 1C Yes 27.86 30.59 62.31 53.47 0.91 Inventive Example 17 P 1C Yes 32.37 30.23 65.41 54.02 0.92 Inventive Example 18 Q 1C Yes 36.54 28.65 67.46 53.28 0.91 Inventive Example 19 R 1C Yes 35.64 27.46 65.35 51.85 0.93 Inventive Example 20 S 1C Yes 27.87 30.24 62.88 53.78 0.89 Inventive Example 21 T 1C Yes 29.02 26.98 63.45 52.87 0.94 Inventive Example 22 U 1C Yes 29.96 29.40 63.85 53.53 0.98 Inventive Example 23 V 1C Yes 30.31 29.96 63.89 53.61 0.91 Inventive Example 24 W 1C Yes 28.62 29.64 66.95 56.27 0.89 Inventive Example 25 X 1C Yes 30.20 42.75 65.32 58.50 0.94 Inventive Example 26 D IB Yes 31.28 28.80 63.56 52.69 Omitted Inventive Example 27 D ID Yes 29.87 2822 62.35 52.16 Omitted Inventive Example 28 D 1E Yes 27.23 27.98 64.53 54.58 Omitted Inventive Example 20 D 1F Yes 23.07 28.55 65.45 56.94 Omitted Inventive Example 30 D 1G Yes 30.08 29.02 63.78 53.32 Omitted Inventive Example 31 D 1H Yes 34.23 28.87 63.56 51.69 Omitted Inventive Example 32 D 11 Yes 30.89 29.58 72.56 59.28 Omitted Inventive Example 33 D 1J Yes 30.12 29.13 64.52 53.86 Omitted Inventive Example 34 D 1C Yes 35.64 22.43 56.89 44.61 X 0.85 Comparative Example 35 D 1C Yes 34.02 33.80 68.68 56.81 0.92 Inventive Example 36 D 1C Yes 30.15 48.98 70.46 63.98 0.94 Inventive Example 37 D 1C Yes 31.25 55.80 78.02 71.08 0.96 Inventive Example 38 D 1C Yes 30.32 59.67 79.90 73.77 0.97 Inventive Example 39 D 1C Yes 32.32 61.23 80.56 74.31 1.05 X Comparative Example

[0083] It is understood that all Examples of the present invention have excellent thermal conductivity as high as thermal conductivity rate at 300 C. satisfies 25 W/m.Math.K or more in a functional member side layer, 60 W/m.Math.K or more in a supporting member side layer, and 45 W/m.Math.K or more in an entire valve seat insert (average) and also have superior wear resistance comparable to current valve seat inserts. On the other hand, although in a comparative example, which is out of the scope of the present invention, a desired superior thermal conductivity is not obtained or a desired superior thermal conductivity is satisfied but the wear resistance is remarkably deteriorated.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

[0084] 2 Setting jig [0085] 3 Heat source [0086] 4 Valve [0087] 10 Valve seat insert [0088] 11 Functional member side layer [0089] 12 Supporting member side layer