Safety coupling

Abstract

A safety coupling has a driving coupling member engaged with a driven coupling member by a frictional connection. The frictional connection can be disconnected by activation of a release element. The release element can be activated by a centrifugal device wherein a centrifugal unit of the centrifugal device is radially moveable to interact with a shift gate in dependence of the revolution speed of the centrifugal unit and the slip between the driving coupling member and the driven coupling member. The centrifugal device includes a stop to limit the centrifugal force applied to the centrifugal unit.

Claims

1. A safety coupling, comprising: a driving coupling member, a driven coupling member, and a frictional connection engaging said driving coupling member with said driven coupling member; a release element configured to disconnect said frictional connection between said driving coupling member and said driven coupling member; a centrifugal device configured to activate said release element for disconnecting said frictional connection; said centrifugal device having a centrifugal unit moveably disposed to interact with a shift gate in dependence on a rotational speed of said driving coupling member and a slip between said driving coupling member and said driven coupling member; said centrifugal device having a stop disposed to limit a centrifugal force applied to said centrifugal unit; and said centrifugal unit including a rotatably supported main lever having an interacting side disposed to move in a radial direction in dependence on the rotational speed and to interact with the shift gate.

2. The safety coupling according to claim 1, which comprises a rotation shaft supporting said main lever, said rotation shaft being tangential to at least one of said driven coupling member or said driving coupling member.

3. The safety coupling according to claim 1, which comprises a spring element preloading said main lever, wherein the interacting side of said main lever is moving in the radial direction in dependence on the rotational speed.

4. The safety coupling according to claim 1, wherein said centrifugal device comprises a release device rotatably supported relative to a supporting shaft, wherein said supporting shaft is arranged angled with respect to a rotation axis of one or both of said driving coupling member or said driven coupling member, and wherein said release device is configured to release said release element upon being moved by said centrifugal unit and to cause said release element to disconnect said frictional connection between said driving coupling member and said driven coupling member.

5. The safety coupling according to claim 4, wherein said supporting shaft is arranged in the radial direction relative to the rotation axis of one or both of said driving coupling member or said driven coupling member.

6. The safety coupling according to claim 4, wherein said centrifugal device comprises a release element housing removably connected to said release device or said centrifugal unit, wherein said release element housing is removed for exchanging said release element.

7. The safety coupling according to claim 4, wherein said stop forms a part of said release device.

8. The safety coupling according to claim 1, wherein said safety coupling is configured for use at rotational speeds of said driving coupling member in excess of 1000 rpm.

9. The safety coupling according to claim 8, wherein said safety coupling is configured for rotational speeds above 1500 rpm.

10. The safety coupling according to claim 1, wherein said shift gate comprises an even number of release projections.

11. The safety coupling according to claim 1, wherein said shift gate comprises sectional projections configured to provide a slippage before a release.

12. The safety coupling according to claim 1, wherein said shift gate comprises lower release projections.

13. The safety coupling according to claim 12, wherein said shift gate includes an even number of lower release projections.

14. A centrifugal device, comprising: a supporting shaft connectable to a driving coupling member or to a driven coupling member; said supporting shaft having an axis; a centrifugal stop arranged in an axially fixed position with respect to said axis of said supporting shaft; a rotatable main lever rotatably supported on said supporting shaft; and a release device for releasing a frictional engagement between said driven coupling member and said driving coupling member, said release device being supported by said supporting shaft; wherein said centrifugal stop forms a part of said release device and a center of mass of said release device is positioned on said axis of said support shaft.

15. A driveline, comprising a generator and a prime mover selected from the group consisting of a gas turbine and a gas motor, and a safety coupling according to claim 1 between said generator and said prime mover.

16. The driveline according to claim 15, further comprising a gear arranged in a connection between said prime mover and said generator.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The invention, together with objects and advantages thereof, may best be understood by reference to the following description of the present preferred embodiments together with the accompanying drawings.

(2) FIG. 1: shows a 3-D view of a safety coupling;

(3) FIG. 2: shows the slippage of the safety coupling of FIG. 1

(4) FIG. 3: shows a side view of the embodiment of an safety coupling with the centrifugal device at innermost position

(5) FIG. 4: shows the side view of a safety coupling at an middle position;

(6) FIG. 5: shows the safety coupling at an outermost position;

(7) FIG. 6: show the safety coupling in 3-D illustration;

(8) FIG. 7: shows a driveline comprising a safety coupling of the invention

(9) FIG. 8: shows a further driveline comprising a safety coupling of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(10) FIG. 1 shows a driving coupling member 3 in engagement with a driven coupling member 5. In the shown examples the driven coupling member 5 and the driving coupling member 3 are in frictional engagement, as shown in FIG. 5. The engagement is provided by twin walled hollow sleeve 13, shown in FIGS. 3 to 5. The twin walled hollow sleeve 13 is part of the driving coupling member or connectable to driving coupling member. The frictional surface 7 of the driving coupling member 3 is in engagement with the frictional surface 9 of the driven coupling member 5 as shown in FIG. 5. For an engagement of the driving 3 and driven coupling member 5 the twin walled hollow sleeve 13 is filled with a hydraulic fluid 15 at a predetermined pressure to ensure an engagement up to a predetermined torque.

(11) It is also possible to provide the connection of the driving coupling member and the driven coupling member by a different mechanism, for example a preloaded form-fitted connection, wherein a release of the form-fitted connection can be released by a safety coupling mechanism. A preloading can be provided for example by a spring element.

(12) In the shown embodiment of FIG. 1 a safety coupling 1 is mounted on the driving coupling member 3. The safety coupling 1 acts as an overload protection mechanism 11.

(13) The driven coupling member 5 comprises a shifting gate 50. The shifting gate 50 is arranged in radial direction 93 of the driven coupling member 5. The shifting gate comprises lower release projections 57 and release projections 55. The lower release projections 57 are arranged at a lower radius as release projections 55. A lower release projection 57 initiates a disengagement of the driving coupling member and the driven coupling member at low rotational speed. FIG. 3 and FIG. 7 shows different embodiments of an safety coupling 1 at its innermost position. If the safety coupling 1 is at the innermost position and a slippage between the driving coupling member and the driven coupling member occurs, a release of the safety coupling is activated by one of the lower release projections. Low rotational speed is typical the speed up to 100 rpm.

(14) By the selection of the radial position of the lower release projection 57 and the extension in radial direction 93 of the lower release projections 57 a disengagement of the driving coupling member 3 and the driven coupling member 5 is predetermined. By the number of the lower release projections 57 and a tangential distance between the lower release projections 57 the maximum angle of slippage is predetermined. The Maximum of slippage before release at low rotational speed is shown with reference 61. In FIG. 2 an example with four lower release projections 57 is shown.

(15) In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the release projections 55 are combined with sectional projections 53. By the use of sectional projection the maximum of slippage angle can be elongated. The safety coupling 1 can be only activated by the release projection 55 if the interacting part of the safety coupling 2 is at a radial position above the sectional projections 53. In this embodiment the interacting part 2 is moving in radial direction outwardly with increasing rotational speed. In the shown example four release projections 55 and four sectional projections 53 are provided. The sectional projections 53 provide an elongated slippage before an release can be initiated by the release projections. To provide a greater maximum slippage angle the number of release projection 55 can be reduced. The longest slippage at high rotational speed before release is shown in FIG. 2 with reference 67. The shortest slippage at high speed before release is shown with reference 65. Slippage produced by short torque peaks are shown in FIG. 2 with reference 63. The short torque peaks resulting in short slippages 63 are shorter than the shortest slippage of high speed 65 needed for release of the safety coupling.

(16) In FIG. 3 to FIG. 6 one embodiment of a safety coupling is shown. The safety coupling 1 is shown in sectional view. The safety coupling comprises a centrifugal device 22 to provide an overload protection mechanism 11. The centrifugal device 22 comprises a centrifugal unit 24. The centrifugal unit comprises a main lever 71. The main lever 71 is preloaded by a spiral spring 73 as shown in FIG. 6. The spiral spring 73 comprises two legs. The coil of the spiral spring is mounted on a mounting element 81. In this case the coil of the spring 73 is mounted on a rotation shaft 75 of the main lever 71. One leg of the spring 71 is connected with the main lever by a first spring connection 77. A second leg of the spring 73 is connected with a second stationary spring connection 79. The release element 17 in form of a shear tube is surrounded by a housing 83 of the release element 17. The housing 83 of the release element 17 is securely mounted to the release device 21 by screws and can be removed for exchange of the release element 17. To make the centrifugal device 22 compact, the release element 17 is mounted in the driving coupling member 3 partly below the main lever 71. A hydraulic channel 19 is closed by the release element 17. The release element comprises a head 18 which is sheared off by rotation of the release device 21. The release device 21 is rotational mounted on a supporting shaft 23. The supporting shaft 23 is within the driving coupling member 3. The supporting shaft has an axial axis 29.

(17) The main lever 71 has an interacting side 72. The interacting side 72 interacts with the shifting gate 50, especially the release projections 55 and the lower release projections 57 and the sectional projections 53. In the shown embodiment the main lever comprises a stop lever 31. The stop lever 31 is mounted on mounting shaft 33. The mounting shaft 33 is aligned in tangential direction 95 in respect of the rotation of the driving coupling member 3. In the case of a centrifugal force applied to the main lever 71 and movement of the interacting side 72 of the main lever 71 in radial direction outwards, the stop lever 31 interacts with a stopper 43 and the movement is limited up to the sectional projections 53. In case of short peaks of slippage 63, the main lever 71 moves in radial direction 93. In the case the main lever 71 with the stop lever 31 moves in radial direction beyond the sectional projections 53, after the short slippage the main lever 71 is moving radial inwards whereby the stop lever 31 is turned to overcome the sectional projection 53. The stop lever 31 is preloaded by a spring 32.

(18) By applying centrifugal force the main lever 71 moves outwards up to a centrifugal stop 35. In this embodiment the centrifugal stop 35 is arranged at the release device 21, wherein the release device 21 is part of the centrifugal device 22.

(19) The centrifugal unit 24 comprises the stop lever 31 and the main lever 71. The main lever is preloaded by a spiral spring 73 and the stop lever is preloaded by a spring 32. The stop lever 31 is arranged at the interacting side 72 of the centrifugal unit 24. In the case a slippage occurs and the interacting side 72 of the centrifugal unit 24 are elongated beyond the sectional projections 53 and interacts with one of the release projections 55 the centrifugal unit 22 is turned. The main lever 71 is in rotational engagement with the release device 21 and the release device 21 is also turned. By turning of the release device the head 18 of the release element 18 is sheared off. The hydraulic fluid will go out and the connection between the driving coupling element 3 and the driven coupling element 5 is disengaged.

(20) FIG. 4 shows the centrifugal unit 24 at a middle position and in FIG. 5 shows the centrifugal unit at an outermost position. The main lever 71 of the centrifugal unit 24 is in contact with the surface of the stop 35. So the main lever 71 has the function of a mounting for main lever 71 to limit the effective centrifugal force applied to the main lever 71.

(21) The centrifugal device 22 is surrounded by a main housing 37 comprising a main plate 39 and a side wall 41. The main housing 37 is equipped with a mechanism to restrain the centrifugal unit 24 in a disengaged position in respect of the shifting gate 50.

(22) The center of gravity of the centrifugal unit without the spring 32 and the spiral spring 73 is arranged on the side of the shifting gate 50. So the centrifugal unit is moving outwards by applying centrifugal force.

(23) In the case the center of gravity is arranged not on the interacting side 72 of the centrifugal unit 24 and is arranged on the other side in respect of the rotation shaft 75 of the main lever 71, the interacting side of the centrifugal unit 24 will move inwards under the application of centrifugal force. In that case the shifting gate 50 has to be adapted thereto.

(24) FIG. 7 shows a driveline 100 comprising a gas turbine 120 or a gas motor 110, a gear 130 and a generator 140. Such drivelines are used to provide electrical energy and to stabilize the electrical grid.

(25) The driveline comprises a safety coupling allowing slippage at least during a predetermined angle. By the slippage over a predetermined angle it is secured that in case of a failure electrical energy is provided over a predetermined minimum of duration of time. So a collapse of an electrical grid could be avoided in case of failure of electrical energy providers.

(26) FIG. 8 discloses a driveline 100 comprising a gas motor 110 or gas turbine 120 to drive the driving shaft 3 and a generator 140 driven by the driven shaft 5, wherein between the gas motor 110 and the generator 140 a safety coupling is arranged.

(27) TABLE-US-00001 REFERENCE LIST 1 safety coupling 2 interacting part of the safety coupling 3 driving coupling member, driving shaft 5 driven coupling member, driven shaft 6 frictional connection 7 frictional surface of driving member 9 frictional surface of driven member 11 overload protection mechanism 13 twin walled hollow sleeve 15 hydraulic fluid 17 shear tube, release element 18 head of release element/shear tube 19 hydraulic channel 21 release device 22 centrifugal device 23 supporting shaft (rotation axis in radial direction) 24 centrifugal unit 29 axial axis of supporting shaft 23 30 spring element for preloading the main lever 31 stop lever (rotation axis orientated in tangential direction of driving element) 32 spring 33 mounting shaft of 31 34 mounting of release element 35 centrifugal stop 37 main housing 39 main plate 41 side wall 43 stopper (31) 50 shifting gate 53 sectional projections 55 release projections 57 lower release projections 61 max. slippage at low rotational speed before release 63 slippage peaks 65 shortest slippage at high speed before release 67 longest slippage at high speed before release 71 main lever 72 interacting side 73 spiral spring 75 rotation shaft 77 first spring connection, connection with the main lever 79 second spring connection, stationary spring connection 81 mounting element of spring element 83 housing for the release element 91 axial direction 93 radial direction 95 tangential direction 100 driveline 110 gas motor 120 gas turbine 130 gear 140 generator