FLYING VEHICLE'S DRIVE UNIT

Abstract

A drive unit for air vehicle, which allows building the vertical take-off and landing vehicles, intended for use, for instance, in the production of flying taxis, as well as in the model-making branch and in the toy industry.

The drive unit is composed of the air channel, in the form of a straight segment of a tube with circular section, which has fans with engines fixed on its both ends. The vertical draft force outlet-inlet nozzle opening is located between fixed fans of the drive unit.

Claims

1. A drive unit of an air vehicle comprising at least one air channel, the air channel being fitted with outlet-inlet nozzles openings and the drive, wherein a fan (2) or a fan (2) is fastened respectively on each end of the air channel (1), and that each fan (2, 2) of the drive is connected respectively with an independent engine (3,3) for individual regulation of the draft force by each of them and one of the outlet-inlet nozzles openings is located in a wall of the central part of the air channel (1) between the fixed fans (2, 2) of the drive and constitutes a vertical draft force outlet-inlet nozzle opening (5).

2. The drive unit according to claim 1, wherein the vertical draft force outlet-inlet nozzle opening (5) has a contour of rectangle with rounded corners, elongated in the direction of longitudinal axis of the air channel (1).

3. The drive unit according to claim 1, wherein at least three drive units inseparably connected with each other form a stable drive system of a flying vehicle.

4. The drive unit according to claim 1, wherein the drive unit is usually equipped with its own independent power supply system comprising a battery pack (14) and a controller (11).

5. The drive unit according to claim 1, wherein a housing of the drive unit has built-in catches (17) for connecting several drive units in series.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The subject of the solution is displayed in the embodiment in drawings, where:

[0021] FIG. 1 shows schematically the flying vehicle drive unit in longitudinal section from the side;

[0022] FIG. 2 shows the unit in the longitudinal section from below;

[0023] FIG. 3 show the resultant draft force F of the drive unit, with equal draft forces F1 and F2, generated in one direction;

[0024] FIG. 4 shows resultant draft force F of the drive unit, with different draft forces F1 and F2, generated in one direction;

[0025] FIG. 4a shows resultant draft force F of the drive unit deflected in relation to FIG. 4 due to a change of direction of engine 2 draft and the difference of draft forces F1, F2 generated in different directions, where F2<F1;

[0026] FIG. 5 shows vertical resultant draft force F of the drive unit with equal forces F1, and F2, generated in different directions;

[0027] FIG. 6 shows schematically the example of a flying vehicle with the drive unit according to the solution in an axonometric view;

[0028] FIG. 7 shows schematically the example of a flying vehicle with three drive units according to the solution in a bottom view;

[0029] FIG. 8 shows schematically the example of a flying vehicle with ten drive units connected in series into four assemblies according to the solution in a bottom view;

[0030] FIG. 9 shows schematically the example of a flying vehicle with three drive units according to the solution in a bottom view with marked front drive unit 6 and two rear drive units 7;

[0031] FIG. 10 shows schematically the example of a flying vehicle in a side view with a marked resultant draft force F of each of the drive units directed in one direction forward;

[0032] FIG. 11 shows the change of direction of resultant draft force F to vertically upwards for the front drive unit 6;

[0033] FIG. 12 shows presents the change of direction of resultant draft force F to vertically upwards for the front drive unit 6 and rear drive unit 7;

[0034] FIG. 13 shows the flying vehicle composed of a central loading box, optional wings and four drive assemblies according to the solution in a side view;

[0035] FIG. 14 shows the flying vehicle composed of a central loading box, optional wings and four drive assemblies according to the solution in a bottom view;

[0036] FIG. 15 shows the flying vehicle composed of a central loading box, optional wings and four drive assemblies according to the solution in a front view and similarly in a rear view;

[0037] FIG. 16 shows the drive unit equipped with two fans with a housing in a cross-sectional view; and

[0038] FIG. 17 shows the drive unit equipped with two fans with a housing in a plan view.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0039] The description of illustrative embodiments according to principles of the present invention is intended to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings, which are to be considered part of the entire written description. In the description of embodiments of the invention disclosed herein, any reference to direction or orientation is merely intended for convenience of description and is not intended in any way to limit the scope of the present invention. Relative terms such as lower, upper, horizontal, vertical, above, below, up, down, top and bottom as well as derivative thereof (e.g. horizontally, downwardly, upwardly, etc.) should be construed to refer to the orientation as then described or as shown in the drawing under discussion. There relative terms are for convenience of description only and do not require that the apparatus be constructed or operated in a particular orientation unless explicitly indicated as such. Terms such as attached, affixed, connected, coupled, interconnected, and similar refer to a relationship wherein structures are secured or attached to one another either directly or indirectly through intervening structures, as well as both moveable or rigid attachments or relationships, unless expressly described otherwise. Moreover, the features and benefits of the invention are illustrated by reference to the exemplified embodiments. Accordingly, the invention expressly should not be limited to such exemplary embodiments illustrating some possible non-limited combination of features that may exist alone or in other combination of features; the scope of the invention being defined by the claims appended hereto.

[0040] This disclosure describes the best mode or modules of practicing the invention as presently contemplated. This description is not intended to be understood in a limiting sense, but provides an example of the invention presented solely for illustrative purposes by reference to the accompanying drawings to advise one of ordinary skill in the art of the advantages and construction of the invention. In the various views of the drawings, like reference characters designate like or similar parts.

[0041] The flying vehicle drive unit, according to the present solution, presented in FIGS. 1 and 2, is formed by the air channel 1, in the form of a straight segment of a tube with circular section, which has the fans 2 and 2 with engines 3 and 3 fixed on its both ends. The horizontal draft force outlet-inlet nozzles opening 4 is located on both ends of the air channel 1, while the vertical draft force outlet-inlet nozzle opening 5 is placed between the fixed fans 2 and 2 of the drive unit and situated longitudinally in the wall of the central part of the air channel 1.

[0042] Differences in the engine 3 and 3 speeds generate different air flows on the fans generating a resultant air flow deflected in relation to the vertical axis of the whole drive unit at an angle of 0 to +/90, generating a resultant lifting force F.sub.3, F.sub.4 (FIG. 4 and FIG. 4a) directed against the air flow.

[0043] A drive unit in the vertical flight mode, where two fans 2 and 2 operating in different directions with draft forces F.sub.1, F.sub.2 generate a resultant air flow flowing through the vertical draft force outlet-inlet nozzle opening 5 and directed vertically downward, generating resultant draft force F, is presented in FIG. 5.

[0044] A flying vehicle with the drive unit in delta configuration, where there are three separate air channels 1 with the drives, in the form of a fan 2 or 2 respectively, with engine 3 or 3 fixed on the both ends of the air channels, is presented in FIG. 6, FIG. 7 and FIG. 9.

[0045] A flying vehicle with drive units connected in series in which there are two assemblies (two composed of three drive units connected in series and two composed of two drive units connected in series), is presented in FIG. 8.

[0046] As explained above, a vehicle in delta system with one front drive unit 6 and two rear drive units 7 is presented in FIG. 9.

[0047] A version of coupling of the drive units, described above in FIG. 9, has also been presented in FIG. 10, where a vehicle in delta system in horizontal flight mode together with forces generated by front drive unit 6 and two rear drive units 7, which generate forces parallel to vehicle axis and directed forward, is shown from the side.

[0048] A change of operation of the front drive unit 6, which generates an air flow perpendicular to the vehicle axis and directed downward, generating an upward force perpendicular to the vehicle axis and directed upward, is presented in FIG. 11. In this mode of operation, the force directed upward in the front of the vehicle will generate torque by lifting the vehicle's nose upwards.

[0049] A change of operation of the rear drive units 7 which, while operating in the same way as the front drive units 6, generate an air flow directed downward generating an upward force perpendicular to the vehicle axis and directed upward, is presented in FIG. 12. In this mode of operation, depending on the draft force, the vehicle may rise, fall or remain hovering.

[0050] The flying vehicle is composed of: a central loading box, optional wings and four assemblies 8 of the drive units is presented in FIGS. 13, 14 and 15. Each of the assemblies 8 is composed of four drive units. The number of drive units in the assembly 8 may be variable and amounts at least one unit, whereas the number of used drive units results from the required load capacity and maximum mechanical strength of such a system. The wings and the drive units may be detached from the box and the size of the drive units and wings will allow them to be stored inside the box.

[0051] A drive unit equipped with two fans 2 and 2 enclosed by a pipe 9 generating air channel is presented in FIGS. 16 and 17. Engines 3 and 3 are connected by cables 10 to a controller 11 and placed in an internal tube 12 located along the longitudinal axis of the drive unit. The transverse stiffening elements 13 form a support for the housing and battery packs 14 arranged in the tubes 15 in the internal space between the pipe 9 generating air channel and the external housing 18.

[0052] The battery pack 14 is connected by wires 16 to the controller 11. The external housing 18 is equipped with catches 17 which enable connecting drive units into series.

[0053] Depending on directions and force of drafts generated by two fans 2 and 2 installed in the drive unit, the air channel 1, fitted with three openings (i.e. two horizontal draft force outlet-inlet nozzles openings 4 and a vertical draft force outlet-inlet nozzle opening 5), generates a resultant draft in any direction in a vertical plane passing through the axis of the drive unit. Each of the drive units may generate a draft in a different direction in accordance with the control algorithm of the entire vehicle. Owing to this, the vehicle can achieve a stable direction of flight in any direction, i.e. vertical ascending and descending and horizontal forward and backward together with the rotary movement of the entire vehicle.

[0054] The drive units according to the application enable construction of the flying vehicles of the vertical take-off in various configurations starting from the drones with three drive units through specific transport vehicles with different payloads to vehicles in a modular system with ability to configure payload and range.

[0055] The prototype of the solution filed for protection accurately accomplishes the intended purpose and taken measurements indicate the high efficiency of the entire system in the most difficult mode of the vertical flight, oscillating above 85% efficiency.

[0056] Most of the known vehicles of vertical take-off optimize flows and the resulting draft force by using rotary drive elements, rotary wings or by using two drive systems for vertical flight and, separately, for horizontal flight, which generates a significant increase in weight and complexity of the entire construction.

[0057] However, the construction according to the present solution is optimal in terms of strength what created possibility of significantly reducing the weight of the entire vehicle, simplifying the entire construction and increasing safety in comparison to the competing solutions.

[0058] While the present invention has been described at some length and with some particularity with respect to the several described embodiments, it is not intended that is should be limited to any such particulars or embodiments or any particular embodiment, but it is to be construed with references to be appended claims so as to provide the broadest possible interpretation of such claims in view of the prior art and, therefore, to effectively encompass the intended scope of the invention. Furthermore, the foregoing describes the invention in terms of embodiments foreseen by the inventor for which an enabling description was available, notwithstanding that insubstantial modifications of the invention, not presently foreseen, may nonetheless represent equivalents thereto.

LIST OF ELEMENTS

[0059] 1. Air channel, [0060] 2. Fan (and 2), [0061] 3. Engine (and 3), [0062] 4. Horizontal draft force outlet-inlet nozzle opening, [0063] 5. Vertical draft force outlet-inlet nozzle opening, [0064] 6. Front drive unit, [0065] 7. Rear drive unit, [0066] 8. Assembly (composed of four drive units), [0067] 9. Pipe (generating air channel), [0068] 10. Cable, [0069] 11. Controller, [0070] 12. Internal tube, [0071] 13. Transverse stiffening element, [0072] 14. Battery pack, [0073] 15. Tube, [0074] 16. Wire, [0075] 17. Catch, [0076] 18. External housing.