Geothermal Source On-Site Power Generation Plant With Computing Facility and Method
20200277940 ยท 2020-09-03
Inventors
- Gregory B. Stewart (Long Beach, CA, US)
- Vincent B. Bunting (Long Beach, CA, US)
- Glenn T, Tucker (Petaluma, CA, US)
- Gregory B. Raplee (Rancho Palos Verdes, CA, US)
- Brian Hageman (Sun City, AZ, US)
Cpc classification
Y02B30/12
GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
F24D2200/12
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F03G7/04
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
Y02B10/40
GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
F24D2200/11
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F24D3/18
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
International classification
Abstract
An electronic signals processing facility which includes a site with a geothermal hot water resource which feeds hot water to an on-site heat engine that drives an on-site electricity generator which provides electrical power to an array of microprocessors, located in an enclosure structure, that processes data transmitted from a remote location at high speeds. The processed data is transmitted back to the remote locations at high speeds.
Claims
1. We claim an electronic signals processing facility including an enclosure structure located on a site having a geothermal resource that provides hot water at a temperature from 140 degrees Fahrenheit to the boiling point of water or hotter, said enclosure structure containing one or more Data Processing Module DPM which generally refers to one or more computing devices running software configured to receive connections and requests, typically over a network; in particular, the data processing module may include one or more servers connected to a network and running software configured to receive requests from other computing devices on the network, which may include other servers, and desktop and mobile computing devices, including cellular phones, and such data processing modules typically include one or more processors, memory, input/output connections to a network and other electronic components, and may include specialized computing devices such as blade servers, network routers, data acquisition equipment disc drive arrays, and other devices commonly associated with computing facilities, wherein the DPM processes data delivered to said site from an external location, and the DPM receives its electrical power from a geothermal source power plant located on-site which uses hot water from the on-site geothermal resource.
2. We claim the geothermal source power plant of claim 1, wherein the power plant includes a heat engine in communication with hot water from said geothermal resource and is operably connected to an electrical generator on said site to drive the generator to provide electrical power for the Data Processing Module described in claim 1, and on said site a water moving device such as a pump in communication with the geothermal resource to pump water from the geothermal resource to the heat engine, the heat engine having an inlet in communication with hot water from said hot water resource and another inlet in communication with a cold water resource or other cooling system, said heat engine containing a drive mechanism that is motivated as heat is transferred from the hot water to a working fluid within the heat engine and as heat is removed from the working fluid and transferred to the cooling water, said drive mechanism operably connected to the electrical generator.
3. We claim the heat engine of claim 2 where the heat engine and generator are a unitary structure manufactured elsewhere and delivered to said site.
4. We claim the heat engine of claim 2 where the heat engine operates at an efficiency of at least 10 percent when driven by hot water at a temperature as low as 140 degrees Fahrenheit and up to the boiling point of water or hotter.
5. We claim an electronic signals processing facility of claim 1, wherein the facility includes an enclosure structure located on a site having a geothermal water resource that provides hot water at a temperature from 140 degrees Fahrenheit to the boiling point of water or hotter, said enclosure structure containing one or more Data Processing Modules described in claim 1 configured to process data delivered to said site from an external location, on said site a heat engine in communication with hot water from said hot water resource and operably connected to an electrical generator on said site to drive the generator to provide electrical power for the electronic signals processing facility and DPM, and a control system that regulates the rate at which electrical power is supplied to the DPM as a function of the demand rate for computing.
6. We claim the heat engine of claim 2 where the heat engine includes a heat exchanger where heat is transferred from the geothermal source hot water to the heat engine's working fluid, and includes a second heat exchanger where heat is transferred from the heat engine's working fluid to cooling water which removes the heat from the heat engine,
7. We claim the heat engine of claim 2 where a water moving device such as a pump is in communication with the well or geothermal resource to move water from the well or geothermal resource to the heat engine to effect the supply of heat to the heat engine, and a water moving device such as a pump is in communication with a cold water well or other source of cool water to move water from well or source of cool water to the heat engine to effect the removal of heat from the heat engine.
8. We claim the heat engine of claim 2 where the heat engine is a hydraulic heat engine which operates with a working fluid at supercritical conditions, and in which when the working fluid is heated by the heating source the fluid expands due to thermal expansion without phase change from liquid to gas and the expansion moves a piston in a cylinder and this movement compresses a hydraulic fluid which in turn is used to power a hydraulic motor which turns the shaft of an electric generator to produce electricity, and when the working fluid is cooled by the cooling source it contracts and the piston is positioned for a repeat of the heating/cooling cycle.
9. We claim the electronic signals processing facility of claim 5 where the enclosure structure is a permanent structure built on the site.
10. We claim the electronic signals processing facility of claim 5 where the enclosure structure is portable and is delivered to the site by a vehicle and can be removed from the site by a vehicle.
11. We claim the electronic signals processing facility of claim 5 where the hot water well or geothermal resource is tested prior to installation of the enclosure structure, and has the following characteristics: (a) has a depth from 50 to 1200 feet and a diameter from 6 to 36 inches (b) produces water at a temperature of between 140 degrees F. and the boiling point of water or hotter, (c) produces water at a flow rate of between 100 and 240 gallons per minute for each heat engine being served when each heat engine has a nominal output capacity of 250 KW, and a pro-rated flowrate when the heat engine is greater or less than 250 KW.
12. We claim the electronic signals processing facility of claim 5 wherein the heat engine and electrical generator and the DPM have a control system and an energy storage system wherein one of the functions of the control system is to regulate the amount of electrical power which is generated at the site and to further regulate the amount of electrical power which is delivered to the DPM so that the DPM receives the amount of power it requires, said amount varying over time as a function of the computing tasks carried out by the DPM, and an energy storage system which can receive and store excess power when the generating system produces more power than the computing facility requires and can deliver power to the electronic signals processing facility when the generating system produces less power than the electronic signals processing facility requires.
13. We claim the electronic signals processing facility of claim 5 wherein at least some of the electrical energy generated by the generator is stored on site.
14. We claim the electronic signals processing facility of claim 5 wherein the DPM is cooled via immersion in a dielectric fluid.
15. We claim the electronic signals processing facility of claim 5 wherein the facility does not need to be connected to the conventional electric power grid because it generates its own power.
16. We claim the electronic signals processing facility of claim 5 wherein the heat engine is cooled using cooling water from a cold water well on site.
17. We claim the electronic signals processing facility of claim 5 wherein the heat engine is cooled using cooling water from a cooling tower or dry cooler or hybrid cooling tower/drycooler, all of which reject heat into the atmosphere.
18. We claim the electronic signals processing facility of claim 5 wherein the heat engine is cooled using cooling water from a cool water source on site such as a pond, lake, stream, river, or sea.
19. We claim a method of processing electronic signals and data comprising the steps of (a) locating a site which has or is capable of having a geothermal resource that provides hot water at a temperature from 140 degrees Fahrenheit to the boiling point of water or hotter, (b) testing the temperature and available flow rate of said geothermal resource to verify that it meets the requirements of the proposed electronic signals processing facility, (c) providing on said site a heat engine and generator capable of producing electrical power when fed with hot water from said geothermal resource, and providing piping, valves, pumps and other related devices to move water from the said geothermal resource to the heat engine, (d) providing on said site an enclosure structure containing a DPM to process data, (e) transmitting data to be processed to the DPM and processing said data.
20. We claim the method of processing data of claim 19 wherein the data is transmitted to and from the electronic signals processing facility over a data transmission system such as fiber optic cable or microwaves.
21. We claim the method of processing data of claim 19 wherein the heat engine is a hydraulic heat engine that operates at an efficiency of at least 10 percent when driven by hot water at a temperature as low as 140 degrees Fahrenheit, said engine having an inlet operably connected to hot water from said geothermal resource and an output drive mechanism operably connected to the electrical generator, said electrical generator providing power to the DPM.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0031] The present invention is illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings and in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements and in which:
[0032] The illustrative embodiment described herein is for a facility which uses a single geothermal hot water supply well, a single heat engine with a nominal output rating of 250 KW, one of several feasible cooling systems, and two enclosed structures which house computing equipment. Other possible embodiments include multiples of this arrangement, for example, two heat engines with four enclosure structures or three heat engines with six enclosure structures, etc. Multiple heat engines can also be served by multiple hot water wells and multiple cooling systems as necessary to achieve the desired heating and cooling load capacities.
[0033] One embodiment of our computing facility and method is discussed in detail in connection with the accompanying drawings, which are for illustrative purposes only. The drawings include the following figures (Figs.), with like numerals and letters indicating like parts:
[0034]
[0035]
[0036]
[0037]
[0038]
[0039]
[0040]
[0041]
[0042]
[0043] Unless otherwise indicated illustrations in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF SOME EMBODIMENTS
[0044] The present invention is best understood by reference to the detailed figures and description set forth herein.
[0045] The illustrative embodiment described herein is for a facility which uses a single geothermal hot water supply well, a single heat engine with a nominal output rating of 250 KW, one of several feasible sources of cooling water, and two enclosed structures which house electronic signals processing equipment and its respective cooling systems. Other possible embodiments include multiples of this arrangement, for example, two heat engines with four enclosure structures or three heat engines with six enclosure structures, etc. Multiple heat engines can also be served by multiple hot water and cold water wells and multiple pieces of cooling equipment as necessary to achieve the desired heating and cooling capacities.
[0046] As depicted in
[0047] A hydraulic heat engine (16) on the same site as the geothermal well drives the electricity generator (14). This hydraulic heat engine (16) operates at an efficiency of at least 10% or greater when driven by hot water at a temperature from 140 degrees Fahrenheit to the boiling point of water or hotter.
[0048] The engine (16) has an inlet (20) in communication with hot water from the geothermal well and an output drive (22) operably connected to the electricity generator (14).
[0049] As depicted in
[0050]
[0051] In
[0052] A submersible pump (2), in the hot water well, pumps water from the well to the heat engine via hot water supply pipe (3). The size of the pump and pipe will depend on the capacity required for a particular computing or other facility. The pump to serve a single heat engine with a nominal generating capacity of 250 Kilowatts will require an approximate flow rate for the following temperatures:
[0053] 220 gpm (gallons per minute) when the hot water supply is at 160 F
[0054] 140 gpm when the hot water supply is at 185 F
[0055] 105 gpm when the hot water supply is at 200 F
[0056] Hot water from the supply well (1) is pumped to the heat engine where it passes through a heat exchanger which is integral to the heat engine. The heat exchanger is where the water transfers its heat to the working fluid of the heat engine. The working fluid of the heat engine expands (without changing phase) and drives a piston or pistons in the heat engine. The supply water which has released its useful heat exits the heat exchanger and flows through pipe (4) to an injection well (5). The water returns to its source via the injection well. The capacity (gpm) of the injection well (5) to release water into the ground is approximately the same as the supply rate of the pump (2) in the supply well (1).
[0057] Similarly, a cooling water supply well (6) provides a source of cool ground water which is used to cool the working fluid of the heat engine. After the working fluid at one end of the heat engine piston or pistons is heated and expands, the working fluid is cooled and contracts so that the cycle can be repeated. The effect of the expansion of the working fluid on the piston(s) is to generate motive power, which is then converted into electrical power via a hydraulic motor and electrical generator. The depth of the cold water well depends on the depth of a cold water aquifer at a particular site and can range from 150 ft to 1000 ft deep. The diameter of the well depends on the amount of cold water available at the site and the required hot water flow rate for the capacity of the electronic signals processing facility to be located at the site and can range from 6 inches to 36 inches.
[0058] A submersible pump (7) in the cold water well pumps water from the well to the heat engine via cold water supply pipe (8). The size of the pump and pipe will depend on the capacity required for a particular electronic signals processing facility. The pump to serve a single heat engine with a nominal generating capacity of 250 Kilowatts will require an approximate flow rate for the following temperatures:
[0059] 156 gpm when the cold supply water is at 55 F
[0060] 200 gpm when the cold supply water is at 65 F
[0061] 280 gpm when the cold supply water is at 75 F
[0062] Cold water from the supply well (6) is pumped to the heat engine where it passes through a heat exchanger which is integral to the heat engine. The heat exchanger is where the water removes heat from the working fluid of the heat engine. The working fluid of the heat engine contracts (without changing phase) and drives a piston or pistons in the heat engine. The supply water which has extracted heat from the heat engine working fluid exits the heat exchanger and flows through pipe (9) to an injection well (10). The water returns to its source via the injection well. The capacity (gpm) of the injection well (10) to release water into the ground is approximately the same as the supply rate of the pump (7) in the supply well (6). In an alternate embodiment, the injection well is eliminated and pipe (9) sends the spent cooling water to a pond, lake, stream, ocean or other site specific receptacle.
[0063]
[0064] The cooled water is pumped by chilled water pump (10) through pipe (9) to the heat exchanger inside the heat engine. Since some water is lost through evaporation, the cooling tower requires make-up water to replace the lost water. Cold water well (11) supplies this make-up water. Submersible pump (12) inside the well pumps water via pipe (13) to the cooling tower. The flow rate of the pump and pipe will be a function of the size of the electronic signals processing facility and local environmental conditions, but typical make-up water flow rate for the nominal 250 KW system is 8 to 10 gpm. An alternate source of make-up water could be from spent heating water diverted from pipe (4).
[0065]
[0066] The cooled water is pumped by chilled water pump (10) through pipe (9) to the heat exchanger inside the heat engine and then returns to the dry cooler via pipe (8).
[0067]
[0068] The cooled water is pumped by chilled water pump (10) through pipe (9) to the heat exchanger inside the heat engine and returns to the cooling unit via pipe (8). Since some water is lost through evaporation, the cooling tower requires make-up water to replace the lost water. Cold water well (11) supplies this make-up water. Submersible pump (12) inside the well pumps water via pipe (13) to the cooling tower. The flow rate of the pump and pipe will be a function of the size of the electronic signals processing facility and local environmental conditions, but typical make-up water flow rate for the nominal 250 KW system is 8 to 10 gpm when operating in cooling tower mode and zero gpm when operating in dry cooler mode. An alternate source of make-up water could be from spent heating water diverted from pipe (4).
[0069] Referring to
[0070] A device is installed on the power lines to the computing equipment which continuously monitors the amount of electrical power which feeds that equipment. The device produces an output electrical signal which is proportional to the power consumption rate. This signal is fed to a control processor. The control processor also receives signals from temperature measuring devices on or in the hot water and cold water supply pipes. The control processor uses an algorithm which uses these inputs to produce a modulating output control signal which in turn operates the three-way control valves on the hot water and cooling water piping systems. In this way, the three way control valves modulate in response to the power draw of the computing equipment, and the amount of electricity generated by the heat engine/generator is adjusted. Each heat engine has a viable range of output, from approximately 100% to 60% of its nominal peak power rating (250 KW for the base case). By combining two or more heat engines operating under a single control system, the control system can also stage the heat engines in response to load variations. That is, a single engine can run at part to full load, and when total load required exceeds the output of a single engine, the second engine is staged on to contribute from 60% to 100% of its output, and so on. In this way, a larger variation in loads can be accommodated. A refinement which may be included is to incorporate a storage battery bank into the system. When the heat engine output does not exactly match the load requirement, excess electrical energy can be taken from or put into the battery bank so that the computing equipment always receives the precise amount of electric power it requires. The control processor will determine when energy is to be drawn from the battery bank and when it is to be sent to and stored in the battery bank.
[0071] Once data has been processed at the facility, the resulting processed data is transmitted back to the clients/users who supplied the raw data via fiber optic or microwave transmission.
[0072] Referring to
[0073] The above presents a description of the best mode we contemplate of carrying out our electronic signals processing facility and method and of the manner and process of making and using them, in such full, clear, concise, and exact terms as to enable a person skilled in the art to make and use. Our electronic signals processing facility and method is, however, susceptible to modifications and alternate constructions from the illustrative embodiment discussed above which are fully equivalent. Consequently, it is not the intention to limit our electronic signals processing facility and method to the particular embodiment disclosed. On the contrary, our intention is to cover all modifications and alternate constructions coming within the spirit and scope of our electronic signals processing facility and method as generally expressed by the following claims, which particularly point out and distinctly claim the subject matter of our invention.
[0074] Those skilled in the art will readily recognize, in light of and in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, that any of the foregoing steps may be suitably replaced, reordered, removed and additional steps may be inserted depending upon the needs of the particular application. Moreover, the prescribed method steps of the foregoing embodiments may be implemented using any physical and/or hardware system that those skilled in the art will readily know is suitable in light of the foregoing teachings. For any method steps described in the present application that can be carried out on a computing machine, a typical computer system can, when appropriately configured or designed, serve as a computer system in which those aspects of the invention may be embodied.
[0075] The invention has been described above by way of illustration, and the specific embodiments disclosed are not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed.