METHOD OF INCREASING SECONDARY POWER SOURCE CAPACITY

Abstract

A method of increasing secondary power source capacity includes doping a compound into an electrolyte as an additive which binding energy is higher than binding energy of combinations that are formed at a secondary power source discharge, the compound being ZnKr or CdAr. The method can be used in manufacturing secondary power sources such as batteries for electrical machines, transport vehicles, and cars, and for power sources for portable and mobile electronic devices.

Claims

1. An electrolyte for a secondary power source, the electrolyte being doped with a compound which is ZnKr or CdAr.

2. The electrolyte according to claim 1, the electrolyte being lithium solution in a non-aqueous aprotic solvent.

3. A secondary power source comprising an electrolyte as defined in claim 1.

4. The secondary power source according to claim 3, wherein the secondary power source is a battery.

5. The secondary power source according to claim 4, wherein the battery is a lithium ion battery.

6. An electrical machine, transport vehicle, electric vehicle, portable electronic device or mobile electronic device comprising a battery as defined in claim 4.

Description

EXAMPLE 1

[0045] The following compounds were doped for a standard lithium-ion battery (the positive electrode is carbonic, the negative electrode is made of lithium oxide and manganese):

[0046] ZnKr (average exclusion bands width of which is E.sub.g min˜5.4 eV, binding energy is Ec˜1.293 Ry/atom);

[0047] CdAr (E.sub.g min˜5.2 eV, E.sub.e.about.1.281 Ry/atom);

[0048] The doping was added to an electrolyte (up to 8% of the electrolyte volume) at the battery manufacturing which dissolved within the electrolyte. The battery is connected to a consumer after the charge of the battery was made. At power supply it's found that released charge carriers at the doping dissolution enable 80% growth of the battery capacity.

EXAMPLE 2

[0049] Compound ZnKr was doped into an electrolyte at lithium-ion battery manufacturing (binding energy E.sub.c˜5.4 Ry/atom). With that, an additive electrode that is isolated of the electrolyte and working electrodes, was placed into the battery design, with respect to which an electrostatic field with up to 70.000V intensity was generated. For that, voltage applied on the electrode by electrical circuit galvanically disconnected from the battery major current circuit. The voltage-multiplying circuit of the battery to the required value was made as a single unit constructively coupled with the battery and connected to its schemas. As a result, the capacity of the battery was approximately multiplied by 1.8.

EXAMPLE 3

[0050] Compound ZnKr was doped into an electrolyte at lithium-ion battery manufacturing (binding energy E.sub.c˜5.4 Ry/atom). With that, a high-voltage low-current pulses former was added into the battery design, manufactured as a single unit; the pulses had the following characteristics: durability is 100 ns, pulse-repetition interval is 80 ns, and amplitude is 1.500V. The outlet of the unit is connected to terminals of the battery. About 90% increase of the battery capacity is the result.

[0051] Thus, as seen from the above mentioned information, doping into an electrolyte the certain additives and additional impact on received combination at charging and discharging, according to this invention makes it possible to considerably increase capacity of a secondary power source, reduce charging time, and a number of charge discharge cycles, i.e. extend life time of a battery.

[0052] The examples given in the description, illustrate preferable variants of the announced method realization, however, different realizations are possible without a deviation of the invention essence within the scope of the proposed formula.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

[0053] Experimental models of a few types of batteries were designed under way of the announced method. Such batteries can be extensively used as autonomous power sources for electrical machines, transport vehicles, particularly, electric vehicles, and as a battery to portable and mobile electronic devices.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 The spread sheet of lithium-ion secondary power source electrical and operational characteristics. Lithium-ion battery Standard: Positive with a major with a major electrode additive in additive in is made electrolyte electrolyte of carbon, ZnKr and ZnKr and negative organized organized electrode with a major additional additional Electrical and is made additive in impact with impact with operational of lithium electrolyte high-voltage external characteristics oxide and ZnKr pulses electrostatic of battery magnanese (example 3) (example 5) field Energy density, 110-160 180-300 160-190 210-350 W*hr/kg Internal 150-250 170-260 140-180 140-240 resistance, mW Number of  500-1000  500-1000  600-1300  600-1500 charge/discharge cycles till 20%- capacity loss Charge rate, hr 2-4 2-3 0.1-2   0.1-2   Discharge very low very low very low very low dependence Local action, %, 10 10 10 10 a month (room temperature) Rated voltage, V 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.8 Load current, >2 C >2 C >2 C >2 C relating to 1 C and 0.8-1.0 C 0.7-1.1 C 0.7-1.1 C capacity C: below peak the most adoptable Operating −20 +60 −20 +60 −20 +60 −20 +60 temperature range, ° C.