Quenching system

Abstract

A quenching system for a plant, operating a cracking furnace, works with liquid as well as gaseous starting materials. The quenching system includes a primary heat exchanger (PQE 10) and a secondary heat exchanger (SQE 11) and a tertiary heat exchanger. A TLX-D exchanger (TLX-D 26) is arranged and configured as the tertiary heat exchanger for dual operation. The TLX-D (26) is connected in series via a TLX-D gas feed line (24) to the SQE 11. The TLX-D (26) is connected to a steam drum (59), which is connected to a feed water line (49), via a TLX-D feed water drain line (34) and a TLX-D riser (46) and a TLX-D downcomer (38). The SQE 11 is connected to the steam drum (59), which is connected to the feed water line (49), via a TLX downcomer (52) and a TLX-riser (57).

Claims

1. A quenching system for a plant for operating a cracking furnace with liquid as well as gaseous starting materials, the quenching system comprising: a primary heat exchanger, a secondary heat exchanger and a tertiary heat exchanger comprising a transfer-line-exchanger for dual or double or alternate operation in gas mode and liquid feed mode; a steam drum; a gas feed line; a feed water line; a transfer-line-exchanger feed water drain line; a transfer-line-exchanger riser; a transfer-line-exchanger downcomer; a secondary heat exchanger downcomer, wherein: the transfer-line-exchanger is connected in series via the gas feed line to the secondary heat exchanger; the steam drum is connected to the feed water line; the transfer-line-exchanger is connected to the steam drum via the transfer-line-exchanger feed water drain line and the transfer-line-exchanger riser and the transfer-line-exchanger downcomer; the secondary heat exchanger is connected to the steam drum via the secondary heat exchanger downcomer and by the secondary heat exchanger riser.

2. A quenching system in accordance with patent claim 1, further comprising a transfer-line-exchanger feed water supply line with a transfer-line-exchanger feed water supply line valve, wherein: a transfer-line-exchanger feed water drain line valve is arranged in the transfer-line-exchanger feed water drain line; a transfer-line-exchanger downcomer valve is arranged in the transfer-line-exchanger downcomer; a transfer-line-exchanger riser valve is arranged in the transfer-line-exchanger riser; and a cooling of the transfer-line-exchanger with natural circulation is provided via the transfer-line-exchanger downcomer and the transfer-line-exchanger riser.

3. A quenching system in accordance with patent claim 1, further comprising a transfer-line-exchanger feed water supply line with a transfer-line-exchanger feed water supply line valve wherein: the transfer-line-exchanger is connected to the transfer-line-exchanger feed water supply line; a transfer-line-exchanger feed water drain line valve is arranged in the transfer-line-exchanger feed water drain line connecting the steam drum to the transfer-line-exchanger; and a cooling of the transfer-line-exchanger by forced circulation is provided via the transfer-line-exchanger feed water supply line and the transfer-line-exchanger feed water drain line.

4. A quenching system in accordance with patent claim 1, wherein: the transfer-line-exchanger is positioned extending horizontally; the transfer-line-exchanger comprises baffles arranged at a distance from one another; the baffles are arranged and positioned, in a transfer-line-exchanger interior enclosed by a transfer-line-exchanger jacket, at right angles to a transfer-line-exchanger center line of the horizontally extending transfer-line-exchanger; the arrangement and position of the baffles are predefined based on a generation of steam additionally resulting in a liquid feed mode.

5. A quenching system in accordance with patent claim 4, wherein: a first baffle of the baffles of the transfer-line-exchanger is positioned and arranged at a predefined distance to the transfer-line-exchanger feed water inlet pipe; the first baffle deflects a feed water flow by 180 on a jacket side and has a free feed water flow cross section; a maximum height of the free feed water flow cross section of the first baffle is in a range of 10% to 40% of a transfer-line-exchanger jacket internal diameter as a function of the predefined process conditions; a second baffle of the baffles of the transfer-line-exchanger is positioned and arranged at a predefined distance to the first baffle; the second baffle deflects feed water by 180 and has second baffle a free feed water flow cross section; an additional array of baffles of the baffles of the transfer-line-exchanger is provided as a function of a length of the transfer-line-exchanger up to a transfer-line-exchanger feed water outlet pipe.

6. A quenching system in accordance with patent claim 5, wherein: the length of the transfer-line-exchanger with predefined process conditions is predefined on a gas side and a water/steam side; a number of the baffles is variable as a function of the predefined process conditions; and the distance of the respective baffles from one another is in a range of about 100 mm to 800 mm.

7. A quenching system in accordance with patent claim 4, wherein: a first baffle of the baffles of the transfer-line-exchanger is positioned and arranged at a predefined distance to the transfer-line-exchanger feed water inlet pipe; the first baffle deflects a feed water flow by 180 on a jacket side and has a free feed water flow cross section; a maximum height of the free feed water flow cross section of the first baffle is in a range of 15% to 25% of a transfer-line-exchanger jacket internal diameter as a function of the predefined process conditions; a second baffle of the baffles of the transfer-line-exchanger is positioned and arranged at a predefined distance to the first baffle; the second baffle deflects feed water by 180 and has second baffle a free feed water flow cross section; an additional array of baffles of the baffles of the transfer-line-exchanger is provided as a function of a length of the transfer-line-exchanger up to a transfer-line-exchanger feed water outlet pipe.

8. A quenching system in accordance with patent claim 5, wherein: the length of the transfer-line-exchanger with predefined process conditions is predefined on a gas side and a water/steam side; a number of the baffles is variable as a function of the predefined process conditions; and the distance of the respective baffles from one another is in a range of about 300 mm to 600 mm.

9. A quenching system in accordance with patent claim 4, wherein: the baffles are arranged in the transfer-line-exchanger at right angles to the transfer-line-exchanger center line in a case of feed water flowing through the horizontally positioned transfer-line-exchanger; the baffles have a flattened configuration in an upper area; the transfer-line-exchanger has transfer-line-exchanger riser pipes; and a free volume or a steam space of the transfer-line-exchanger is configured to be below the transfer-line-exchanger riser pipes.

10. A quenching system in accordance with patent claim 9, wherein: the flattened configuration of the baffles is small enough such that no undesired bypass flow occurs in a gas feed mode during an operation of the transfer-line-exchanger as a feed water preheater; and the flattened configuration of the baffles large enough such that an amount of steam generated is completely discharged in the liquid feed mode during an operation of the transfer-line-exchanger as an evaporator; and a the maximum height of the flattening is configured in a range of about 5 mm to 40 mm.

11. A quenching system for a plant for operating a cracking furnace with liquid as well as gaseous starting materials, the quenching system comprising: a primary heat exchanger; a secondary heat exchanger; a steam drum; a gas feed line; a feed water line; a transfer-line-exchanger feed water line with a transfer-line-exchanger feed water line valve; a transfer-line-exchanger feed water drain line with a transfer-line-exchanger feed water drain line valve; a transfer-line-exchanger riser with a transfer-line-exchanger riser valve; a transfer-line-exchanger downcomer with a transfer-line-exchanger downcomer valve; a secondary heat exchanger downcomer; and a transfer-line-exchanger arranged and configured as a tertiary heat exchanger for a dual or double or alternate operation in gas feed mode and liquid feed mode, wherein: the transfer-line-exchanger is connected in series via the gas feed line to the secondary heat exchanger; the steam drum is connected to the feed water line; the transfer-line-exchanger is connected to the steam drum via the transfer-line-exchanger feed water drain line and the transfer-line-exchanger riser and the transfer-line-exchanger downcomer; the secondary heat exchanger is connected to the steam drum via the secondary heat exchanger downcomer and by the secondary heat exchanger riser; the transfer-line-exchanger feed water supply line valve of a transfer-line-exchanger feed water supply line and the feed water drain valve of the transfer-line-exchanger feed water drain line are opened to provide a liquid feed mode; and the transfer-line-exchanger downcomer valve of the transfer-line-exchanger downcomer and the transfer-line-exchanger riser valve of the transfer-line-exchanger riser are closed to provide a gas feed mode.

12. A quenching system in accordance with patent claim 11, further comprising another heat exchanger operatively connected between the secondary heat exchanger and the transfer-line-exchanger arranged and configured as the tertiary heat exchanger for dual operation.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) In the drawings:

(2) FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a preferred exemplary embodiment of an arrangement of a cooler system for the mode of operation of a quenching system for gas feed and liquid feed according to the present invention; and

(3) FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a preferred exemplary embodiment of a configuration of a TQE for the mode of operation of a quenching system for gas feed and liquid feed according to the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(4) A preferred exemplary embodiment of an arrangement of an advantageous quenching system for gas feed mode and liquid feed mode is schematically shown in FIG. 1. A PQE 10 is schematically shown for the sake of greater clarity. Cracked gas is fed from the cracking furnace, not shown, to the PQE 10. in the direction of the arrows 13 indicated. A line 20 coming from the PQE and indicated by an arrow, which guides cracked gas in the direction of the arrow towards a SQE gas inlet pipe 21 of a secondary heat exchanger or SQE 11 for short, is shown

(5) The horizontally arranged SQE 11 is connected on the cracked gas side in series with a likewise horizontally arranged TLX-D 26. A cracked gas to be cooled reaches the SQE gas inlet pipe 21 via the line 20 provided and flows through the SQE 11 up to the SQE gas outlet pipe 23. Cracked gas flows through a TLX-D gas inlet pipe 25 up to the TLX-D gas outlet pipe 27 of the TLX-D 26 via an arranged TLX-D gas feed line 24.

(6) The SQE 11 is connected to a steam drum 59 on the cooling side or water/steam side or jacket side via a SQE downcomer 52 and a SQE riser 57. The cooling of the SQE 11 takes place in natural circulation via the SQE downcomer 52 and the SQE riser 57.

(7) The TLX-D 26 is, furthermore, connected to the steam drum 59 via an installed TLX-D downcomer 38, including a TLX-D downcomer valve 39 arranged in it, and via an installed TLX-D riser 46, including a TLX-D riser valve 47 arranged in it. Cooling of the TLX-D 26 takes place in natural circulation via the TLX-D downcomer 38 and the TLX-D riser 46.

(8) Furthermore, the TLX-D 26 is connected to a provided TLX-D feed water supply line 30, including a TLX-D feed water supply line valve 31 installed in it and is connected to the steam drum 59 via a provided TLX-D feed water drain line 34, including a TLX-D feed water drain line valve 35 installed in it. Cooling of the TLX-D 26 takes place by forced circulation via the arranged TLX-D feed water supply line 30 and the TLX-D feed water drain line 34.

(9) The SQE 11 will not be further considered below for the more detailed explanation of the manner of functioning of the TLX-D 26.

(10) The TLX-D 26 may preferably be operated in two different variants. Depending on the cracked gas to be processed, the TLX-D 26 is operated as feed water preheater in the gas feed mode of operation in case of gaseous starting material and as an evaporator in the liquid feed mode of operation in case of liquid starting material. A more detailed explanation of such a different mode of operation was already given in the introduction, so that a further description is dispensed with.

(11) In the gas feed mode of operation of the TLX-D 26, which is then operated as feed water preheater, the TLX-D feed water supply line valve 31 and the TLX-D feed water drain line valve 35 are opened and the TLX-D downcomer valve 39 and the TLX-D riser valve 47 are closed; i.e., the TLX-D downcomer 38 and the TLX-D riser 46 are blocked and no longer in operation.

(12) A feed water supply or boiler feed water supply is carried out by means of a pump, not shown, through the TLX-D feed water supply line 30 via the open TLX-D feed water supply line valve 31 to the TLX-D feed water inlet pipe 32 of the TLX-D 26. Feed water hereby flows through the TLX-D 26 on the jacket side in the counterflow principle, i.e., against the flow direction of the cracked gas, up to the TLX-D feed water outlet pipe 33. Cracked gas, which flows from the TLX-D gas inlet pipe 25 through the TLX-D 26 on the pipe side up to the TLX-D gas outlet pipe 27, is efficiently cooled to a predefined temperature due to the especially effective flow guiding of the feed water through the TLX-D 26 in the counterflow principle. The discharged heat is absorbed by the guided feed water, wherein the feed water is heated to temperatures of about 150 C. up to about 300 C. The heated feed water leaves the TLX-D 26 via the installed TLX-D feed water outlet pipe 33 and is introduced into the steam drum 59 through the arranged TLX-D feed water drain line 34 and via the open TLX-D feed water drain line valve 35 through a TLX-D steam drum feed water pipe 36 installed at the steam drum 59.

(13) In the liquid feed mode of operation of the TLX-D 26, which is then operated as an evaporator, the TLX-downcomer valve 39 and the TLX-D riser valve 47 are opened and the TLX-D feed water supply line valve 31 and the TLX-D feed water drain line valve 35 are closed; i.e., the TLX-D feed water supply line 30 and the TLX-D feed water drain line 34 are blocked and not in operation. A feed water supply to the steam drum 59 takes place via an installed feed water supply line 49 and a feed water pipe 50 arranged at the steam drum. The necessary feed water is fed to the steam drum 59 from an external source in case of the liquid feed mode of operation. Such an external supply of feed water does not have any effect on the mode of operation of the TLX-D 26 and is therefore not considered further.

(14) The TLX-D 26 is integrated into the saturated steam system or cooling system of the quenching system. Water from the steam drum 59 passes through the TLX-D downcomer pipe connection 37, via the TLX-D downcomer 38, via the open TLX-D downcomer valve 39 until it is distributed to the TLX-D downcomer pipes 40, 41, 42, which are installed at the TLX-D 26. Water flows through the TLX-D 26 on the jacket side from the TLX-D downcomer pipes 40, 41, 42 up to the opposite TLX-D riser pipes 43, 44, 45. When flowing through the TLX-D 26, cracked gas, which flows from the TLX-D gas inlet pipe 25 through the TLX-D 26 on the pipe side up to the TLX-D gas outlet pipe 27, is not cooled significantly, not more than 15% cooling of the cracked gas inlet temperature, preferably less than 10%, since the cracked gas inlet temperature is close to the saturated steam temperature of the water, close to 50 C., preferably less than 30 C., above the range of the saturated steam temperature. Hence, only a small quantity of steam, less than 10 t/h steam, preferably less than 5 t/h steam, which is carried into the steam drum 59 through the TLX-D riser pipes 43, 44, 45, via the TLX-D riser 46 and via the open TLX-D riser valve 47 and via the TLX-D steam drum riser pipe 48, is generated on the water side or jacket side of the TLX-D 26. The TLX-D 26 can be operated with very low output due to the preferred configuration. Due to such a mode of operation, a cooling of cracked gas below the condensation temperature is avoided, without a conventional TQE having to be bypassed by means of a bypass.

(15) The advantages in the preferred exemplary embodiment are due to the fact that significant costs can be lowered by a gas-side bypass circuit being able to be avoided and the costly space requirement connected therewith being able to be eliminated.

(16) Significant technical changes in the TLX-D 26 compared to a conventional TQE are configured for a dual operation.

(17) In the exemplary embodiment, the TLX-D feed water inlet pipe 32 and the TLX-D feed water outlet pipe 33 for a TLX-D operated as feed water preheater in the gas feed mode are preferably arranged at the TLX-D 26. Moreover, TLX-D downcomer pipes 40, 41, 42 and TLX-D riser pipes 43, 44, 45 are each preferably installed for a TLX-D 26 operated as evaporator in the liquid feed mode.

(18) The TLX-D feed water inlet pipe 32 and the TLX-D feed water outlet pipe 33 of the horizontally arranged TLX-D 26 are each provided in front of the TLX-D gas outlet pipe 27 and behind the TLX-D gas inlet pipe 25, respectively, on the bottom side and the top side, respectively, at the TLX-D jacket 28. The supply of feed water takes place via the TLX-D feed water inlet pipe 32 installed on the bottom side of the TLX-D jacket 28, and the discharge of the preheated feed water takes place via the TLX-D feed water outlet pipe 33 arranged on the top side of the TLX-D jacket 28.

(19) The number and horizontal position of the TLX-D downcomer pipes 40, 41, 42 and of the TLX-D riser pipes 43, 44, 45 are predefined on the basis of the required generation of steam; i.e., the number of TLX-D riser pipes and TLX-D downcomer pipes shown in FIG. 1 is variable. In this case, a water feed takes place via the TLX-D downcomer pipes 40, 41, 42 installed on the bottom side of the TLX-D jacket 28 and a water/steam discharge takes place via the TLX-D riser pipes 43, 44, 45 of the horizontally positioned TLX-D 26 arranged on the top side of the TLX-D jacket.

(20) An arrangement and position of baffles 62 in the TLX-D interior 29, which is enclosed by the TLX-D jacket 28 of the TLX-D 26, are predefined on the basis of the cracked gas cooling in the gas feed mode. The baffles 62 have a special configuration, which will be shown and described further below. Such an arrangement and position of baffles 62 of the TLX-D 26 are shown in FIG. 2.

(21) A feed water flow 65 on the jacket side in the gas feed mode indicated by a wavy line is shown in a top view of FIG. 2. Feed water enters the TLX-D 26 through the TLX-D feed water inlet pipe 32 and is deflected by 180 by a first baffle 63 installed in the TLX-D interior 29 of the TLX-D with a predefined distance to the feed water feed pipe and thereby flows through a free feed water flow section 60, the cross section of which is apparent from section A-A, and has a maximum height as a function of predefined process conditions in the range of 10% to 40%, preferably 15% to 25% of the diameter of the TLX-D jacket 28. The feed water is also deflected by 180 and passes through a second free feed water flow section in case of a second baffle 64 arranged in the TLX-D interior 29 of the TLX-D 26 with predefined distance to the first baffle 63.

(22) Such a process is repeated as a function of the length of the TLX-D 26 up to the TLX-D feed water outlet pipe 33. The corresponding length of a TLX-D 26 is predefined on the gas and water/steam sides with predefined precise process conditions. The number of arranged baffles 62 is variable as a function of predefined process conditions. The distance of the respective baffles from one another is in a range of about 100 mm to 600 mm, but preferably from 300 mm to 500 mm.

(23) A water/stream flow 66 on the jacket side in the liquid feed mode indicated by arrows is shown in a lateral view of FIG. 2. The water enters the horizontally positioned TLX-D 26 on the jacket side via the TLX-D downcomer pipes 40, 41, 42 and crosses through the TLX-D at right angles. While the water crosses through the TLX-D 26 at right angles, a partial phase transition of the water takes place. Thus, in addition to water, a steam content is also present. Hence, it can be guaranteed that resulting steam is discharged via the TLX-D riser pipes 43, 44, 45. Therefore, the baffles 62 have a flattened configuration in the upper area. As a result, a free volume or steam space 61, into which resulting steam flows and is discharged via the TLX-D riser pipes 43, 44, 45, forms under the TLX-D riser pipes 43, 44, 45.

(24) When configuring the free volume or steam space 61 or of the flattening of the baffles 62, it can be taken into consideration that the flattening of the baffles is so small that, on the one hand, no undesired bypass flow occurs in the gas feed mode during the operation of the TLX-D 26 as feed water preheater, and so large that, on the other hand, the resulting steam content can be completely discharged in the liquid feed mode during the operation of the TLX-D as evaporator. The maximum height of the cross section of the flattening shall be configured in a range of about 5 mm to 40 mm, and preferably from 10 mm to 15 mm.

(25) A change in the number and position of TLX-D downcomer pipes and TLX-D riser pipes as well as a configured design of baffles are critical for a reliable mode of operation of a TLX-D 26 in the dual operation. Hence, the predefined process conditions are to be taken into consideration in a precise manner when a TLX-D 26 is being configured.

(26) While specific embodiments of the invention have been shown and described in detail to illustrate the application of the principles of the invention, it will be understood that the invention may be embodied otherwise without departing from such principles.