Vehicle antenna pane

Abstract

A vehicle antenna pane for separating a vehicle interior from external surroundings is presented. The pane has features that include an inner pane, an outer pane, at least one intermediate layer that connects an internal surface of the outer pane areally to an external surface of the inner pane, a planar antenna structure that is arranged between the inner pane and the outer pane, and a base plate that is arranged on an interior side in relation to the antenna structure. A dielectric is arranged between the antenna structure and the base plate, the dielectric being provided by means of the inner pane and the intermediate layer. A base of the antenna structure has a ratio of a length to a width of 1:1 to 10:1.

Claims

1. A vehicle antenna pane configured to separate a vehicle interior from external surroundings, the vehicle antenna pane comprising: an inner pane having an external surface, an outer pane having an internal surface, at least one intermediate layer that connects the internal surface of the outer pane areally with the external surface of the inner pane, a planar antenna structure that is arranged between the inner pane and the outer pane, and a base plate that is arranged on an interior side in relation to the planar antenna structure, wherein at least one dielectric is arranged between the planar antenna structure and the base plate, the at least one dielectric consists of at least one of: a) the inner pane, b) the at least one intermediate layer, and c) the inner pane and the at least one intermediate layer, the planar antenna structure has a base with a ratio of a length I.sub.A of the base to a width b.sub.A of the base that is in a range of 1:1 to 10:1, the base plate is arranged at least in a region of an orthogonal projection of the planar antenna structure relative to the inner pane, and a foot point of the planar antenna structure is guided via a foil conductor from said foot point to a side edge of the vehicle antenna pane and out of the vehicle antenna pane, wherein the foil conductor, at least in one region that can be arranged adjacent a motor vehicle body and that extends from said foot point to said side edge, is implemented as a strip conductor having a shield that is electrically connected to the base plate, the shield being coplanar with the strip conductor in said at least one region.

2. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the planar antenna structure and the base plate comprises one or more of: a printed and fired electrically conductive paste, an electrically conductive foil, preferably a metal foil, and an electrically conductive structure that is electrically isolated from an electrically conductive layer by a coating-free separation zone surrounded by the electrically conductive layer.

3. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 2, wherein the printed and fired electrically conductive paste comprises a silver-containing screen printing paste.

4. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 2, wherein the electrically conductive foil is a metal foil comprising one of: a) a copper foil, b) a silver foil, c) a gold foil and d) an aluminum foil.

5. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 2, wherein the electrically conductive layer has a sheet resistance in a range of 0.4 ohm/square to 200 ohm/square.

6. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 2, wherein the electrically conductive layer contains at least one of: a) silver (Ag), b) indium tin oxide (ITO), c) fluorine-doped tin oxide (SnO.sub.2:F), and d) aluminum-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:AI).

7. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 2, wherein at least one of the planar antenna structure and the base plate consists of a printed and fired electrically conductive paste having a thickness of 3 m to 20 m and a sheet resistance of 0.001 ohm/square to 0.03 ohm/square.

8. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 7, wherein the printed and fired electrically conductive paste comprises a silver-containing screen printing paste.

9. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 7, wherein the sheet resistance is in a range of 0.002 ohm/square to 0.018 ohm/square.

10. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 2, wherein the electrically conductive foil has a thickness of 50 m to 1000 m, and a conductivity of 1*10.sup.6 S/m to 10*10.sup.7 S/m.

11. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 10, wherein the electrically conductive foil has a thickness of 100 m to 600 m.

12. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 1, wherein the strip conductor is a coplanar strip conductor.

13. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 1, wherein the shield is arranged on a carrier film.

14. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 13, wherein the carrier film contains polyimide or polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

15. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 13, wherein the carrier film has a relative permittivity of 2 to 4.

16. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 1, wherein the planar antenna structure and at least one of: a) a signal line of the foil conductor, and b) the base plate and the shield of the foil conductor, are implemented in one piece.

17. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 16, wherein the signal line is arranged on a carrier film.

18. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 17, wherein the carrier film contains polyimide or polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

19. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 18, wherein the carrier film has a relative permittivity of 2 to 4.

20. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 1, wherein the base plate has a grounding region and a capacitive coupling region for capacitive coupling or decoupling of an antenna signal.

21. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 1, wherein the at least one intermediate layer has, in a first region between the planar antenna structure and the base plate, a dielectric with relative permittivity .sub.r,3that is greater than a relative permittivity .sub.r,3 of a dielectric of the at least one intermediate layer in a region surrounding the first region.

22. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 21, wherein .sub.r,33* .sub.r,3.

23. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the planar antenna structure and the base plate is arranged on a carrier film.

24. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 23, wherein the carrier film contains polyimide or polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

25. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 23, wherein the carrier film has a relative permittivity of 2 to 4.

26. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the inner pane and the outer pane contains glass or polymers.

27. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 26, wherein the glass is one of: a) flat glass, b) float glass, c) quartz glass, d) borosilicate glass, and e) soda lime glass.

28. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 27, wherein the polymers comprises one or more of: a) polyethylene, b) polypropylene, c) polycarbonate, d) polymethylmethacrylate, and e) mixtures thereof.

29. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 26, wherein at least one of the inner pane and the outer pane has a relative permittivity .sub.r,1/4 of 2 to 8.

30. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 2, wherein at least one of the planar antenna structure and the base plate consists of an electrically conductive structure that is electrically isolated from an electrically conductive layer by means of a completely, or sectionwise, coating-free separation zone surrounded by the electrically conductive layer, and wherein a width of the coating-free separation zone is greater than or equal to 5 mm.

31. A vehicle antenna pane arrangement comprising: the vehicle antenna pane according to claim 1, and receiving or transmitting electronics that are electrically coupled to the planar antenna structure and the base plate of the vehicle antenna pane, wherein the vehicle antenna pane is arranged as glazing in a vehicle body.

32. A method for producing a vehicle antenna pane, the method comprising: (a) producing a stack sequence of an inner pane, at least one intermediate layer, and an outer pane, wherein a planar antenna structure is arranged between the inner pane and the outer pane, and a base plate is arranged on an interior side in relation to the planar antenna structure, and (b) laminating the stack sequence to form the vehicle antenna pane, wherein at least one dielectric is arranged between the planar antenna structure and the base plate, the at least one dielectric consists of at least one of: a) the inner pane, b) the at least one intermediate layer, and c) the inner pane and the at least one intermediate layer, the planar antenna structure has a base with a ratio of a length I.sub.A of the base to a width b.sub.A of the base that is in a range of 1:1 to 10:1, and the base plate is arranged at least in a region of an orthogonal projection of the planar antenna structure relative to the inner pane, wherein a foot point of the planar antenna structure is guided via a foil conductor from said foot point to a side edge of the vehicle antenna pane and out of the vehicle antenna pane, wherein the foil conductor, at least in one region that can be arranged adjacent a motor vehicle body and that extends from said foot point to said side edge, is implemented as a strip conductor having a shield that is electrically connected to the base plate, the shield being coplanar with the strip conductor in said at least one region.

33. A method, comprising using of the vehicle antenna pane according to claim 1 in means of transportation for travel on land, in the air, or on water, wherein the means of transportaion comprises motor vehicles, and wherein the vehicle antenna pane is used as one of: a) a windshield, b) a rear window, c) a side windows, and d) a roof panel, of the means of transportation.

34. A method, comprising using of the vehicle antenna pane according to claim 1 for reception of signals for satellite-supported navigation, wherein the signals comprises one or more of a right circularly polarized GPS signal with an L1 frequency of 1575.42 MHz, and a GLONASS signal with a frequency of 1602 MHz 4 MHz.

35. The vehicle antenna pane according to claim 1, wherein the shield is spaced apart from the strip conductor in said at least one region.

Description

(1) In the following, the invention is explained in detail with reference to drawings and exemplary embodiments. The drawings are schematic depictions and not true to scale. The drawings in no way restrict the invention.

(2) They depict:

(3) FIG. 1A a plan view of an embodiment of a vehicle antenna pane according to the invention,

(4) FIG. 1B an enlarged representation of the detail Z of FIG. 1A,

(5) FIG. 1C a cross-sectional view along the section line A-A of FIG. 1B,

(6) FIG. 1D a cross-sectional view along the section line B-B of FIG. 1B,

(7) FIG. 1E a cross-sectional view along the section line C-C of FIG. 1B,

(8) FIG. 2A a cross-sectional view along the section line A-A of an alternative exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1B,

(9) FIG. 2B a cross-sectional view along the section line B-B of an alternative exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1B,

(10) FIG. 3A a cross-sectional view along the section line A-A of another alternative exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1B,

(11) FIG. 3B a cross-sectional view along the section line B-B of another alternative exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1B,

(12) FIG. 4A a plan view of another alternative embodiment of a vehicle antenna pane according to the invention,

(13) FIG. 4B an enlarged representation of the detail Z of FIG. 4A,

(14) FIG. 4C a cross-sectional view along the section line A-A of FIG. 4B,

(15) FIG. 4D a cross-sectional view along the section line B-B of FIG. 4B,

(16) FIG. 4E a cross-sectional view along the section line D-D of FIG. 4B,

(17) FIG. 5 an enlarged representation of a detail Z of FIG. 4A with an alternative embodiment of an antenna structure according to the invention,

(18) FIG. 6A a plan view of another alternative embodiment of a vehicle antenna pane according to the invention,

(19) FIG. 6B an enlarged representation of the detail Z of FIG. 6A,

(20) FIG. 6C a cross-sectional view along the section line A-A of FIG. 6B,

(21) FIG. 6D a cross-sectional view along the section line B-B of FIG. 6B;

(22) FIG. 7 a detailed flowchart of an embodiment of the method according to the invention;

(23) FIG. 8 a measurement of the so-called S.sub.11 parameter on a vehicle antenna pane according to the invention.

(24) FIG. 1A depicts a plan view of an exemplary embodiment of a vehicle antenna pane 100 according to the invention.

(25) FIG. 1B depicts an enlarged representation of the detail Z of the vehicle antenna pane 100 according to the invention of FIG. 1A. Here, the vehicle antenna pane 100 comprises, for example, an inner pane 1 and an outer pane 2, which are connected to one another via an intermediate layer 3. The vehicle antenna pane 100 is, for example, the windshield of a passenger car. The dimensions of the vehicle antenna pane 100 are, for example, 0.9 m1.5 m.

(26) The inner pane 1 is, for example, intended to face the interior in the installed position. In other words, the internal surface IV of the inner pane 1 is accessible from the interior out, whereas, in contrast, the external surface I of the outer pane 2 faces outward relative to the vehicle interior. The inner pane 1 and the outer pane 2 are made, for example, of soda lime glass. The thickness of the inner pane 1 is, for example, 1.6 mm and the thickness of the outer pane 2 is 2.1 mm. It is understood that the inner pane 1 and the outer pane 2, for example, also can be implemented with the same thickness. The intermediate layer 3 is a thermoplastic intermediate layer and is made, for example, of polyvinyl butyral (PVB). It has a thickness of 0.76 mm auf.

(27) The view shown is a plan view of the external surface I of the outer pane 2 viewed from outside the vehicle.

(28) FIG. 1C depicts a cross-sectional view along the section line A-A of FIG. 1B. FIG. 1D depicts a corresponding cross-sectional view along the section line B-B of FIG. 1B.

(29) The antenna structure 4 and the base plate 5 are arranged on the lower pane edge 30 of the vehicle antenna pane 100. The antenna structure 4 consists in this example of a 0.1-mm-thick copper foil which is arranged on the external surface III of the inner pane 1. The antenna structure 4 consists in this example of a rectangular base with a length l.sub.A of 36 mm and a width b.sub.A also of 34 mm. The base of the antenna structure 4 has, in each case, on two opposite corners a triangular cutout 7, where, in each case, one of the corners of the square is removed. The triangular cutout 7 is, for example, an isosceles right triangle with a leg length of a.sub.D=2.5 mm. The antenna structure 4 additionally has a slot-shaped cutout 6 with a rectangular shape and with a length l.sub.S of 9.5 mm and a width b.sub.S of 3 mm. The slot-shaped cutout 6 is arranged with its length along the diagonal of the square base on which the triangular cutouts 7 are situated.

(30) The antenna structure 4 is connected via an electrical line connection 13 to the signal line 11 of a foil conductor 10. The electrical line connection 13 is, for example, a solder point or an electrically conductive adhesive. The foil conductor 10 is implemented at least in the region of the pane edge 30 and here, for example, over its full length as a coplanar strip conductor. In other words, the planar signal line 11 is surrounded by two flat shields 12 or shielded leads arranged in a plane with signal line 11. The foil conductor 10 thus consists of three inner conductors 15, namely, the signal line 11 and two shields 12, which are surrounded, for example, on one side and preferably on both sides by electrical insulation 16. The electrical insulation 16 is, for example, a polymeric film and, in particular, a polyimide film. The inner conductor 15 is, for example, an aluminum foil with a width of 4 mm and a thickness of 200 m. The foil conductor 10 is guided around the pane edge 30. The two shields 12 are electrically connected on the internal surface IV of the inner pane 1 to the base plate 5 via an electrical line connection 13. The electrical line connection 13 is, for example, a solder point or an electrically conductive adhesive. Moreover, the foil conductor 10 has a connection element 14, for example, a coaxial SMA (sub-miniature A) plug for the connection to reception or transmission electronics and, here, in particular to GPS reception electronics.

(31) The base plate 5 has a rectangular base with a width b.sub.G of 6 cm and a length l.sub.G of 13 cm. The base plate 5 protrudes beyond the region of the orthogonal projection of the antenna structure 4 relative to the inner pane 1. The base plate 5 is offset by a distance of roughly 20 mm from the pane edge 30 into the pane interior.

(32) FIG. 1E depicts a cross-sectional view along the section line C-C of FIG. 1B. The orthogonal projection of the antenna structure 4 extends over the surface A on the internal surface IV of the inner pane 1. The base plate 5 protrudes completely beyond the surface A of the orthogonal projection of the antenna structure 4.

(33) The square base of the antenna structure 4 is arranged with one side edge parallel to the pane edge 30. It is understood that the side edge can even have a certain angle relative to the pane edge 30, for example, 45. The signal line 11 is connected to the antenna structure 4 on the side edge of the antenna structure 4 directly adjacent the side edge 30. The slot-shaped cutout 6 and the diagonal with the triangular cutouts 7 run, viewed from the connection point of the signal line 11, from the bottom left to the top right.

(34) The antenna structure 4 depicted is suitable to receive a right circularly polarized GPS signal with an L1 frequency of 1575.42 MHz. The antenna structure 4 depicted is also suited to obtain good GLONASS reception.

(35) The antenna structure 4 and the base plate 5 are arranged in a region of the vehicle antenna pane 100 in which a blockout print 32 in the form a black print is arranged on the internal surface II of the outer pane 2. The blockout print 32 is impermeable to visible light and prevents viewing the gluing in of the vehicle antenna pane 100 in a motor vehicle body or the antenna structure 4 or the base plate 5. The blockout print 32 is permeable to electromagnetic radiation in the frequency range of the antenna that is formed by the antenna structure 4 and the base plate 5. The action of the antenna is non-substantially affected by the blockout print 32, or not at all.

(36) FIG. 2A depicts a cross-sectional view along the section line A-A of an alternative exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1B. FIG. 2B depicts a cross-sectional view along the section line B-B of an alternative exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1B.

(37) FIGS. 2A and 2B differ from FIGS. 1 C and 1 D only in the arrangement of the antenna structure 4. In this exemplary embodiment, the antenna structure 4 is arranged between the outer pane 2 and the intermediate layer 3. The dielectric between the antenna structure 4 and the base plate 5 is formed by the intermediate layer 3 and the inner pane 1 between the antenna structure 4 and the base plate 5. The foil conductor 10 runs in the inside of the vehicle antenna pane 100 between the outer pane 2 and the intermediate layer 3. The other features of the embodiment correspond to the description regarding FIG. 1A to 1E.

(38) FIG. 3A depicts a cross-sectional view along the section line A-A of another alternative exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1B. FIG. 3B depicts a cross-sectional view along the section line B-B of another alternative exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1B.

(39) FIGS. 3A and 3B differ from FIGS. 2A and 2B only in the arrangement of the base plate 5. In this exemplary embodiment, the antenna structure 4 is arranged between the outer pane 2 and the intermediate layer 3. The base plate 5 is arranged between the intermediate layer 3 and the inner pane 1. The dielectric between the antenna structure 4 and the base plate 5 is formed by the region of the intermediate layer 3 between the antenna structure 4 and the base plate 5. The signal line 11 and the shield 12 run in the inside of the vehicle antenna pane 100 between the outer pane 2 and the intermediate layer 3, with the shield 12 contacting the base plate 5 likewise in the inside of the vehicle antenna pane 100 or on the pane edge 30 via an electrical line connection 13. An electrical line connection 13, which is arranged in the inside of the vehicle antenna pane 100, is, for example, depicted in detail in FIG. 4E. The other features of the embodiment correspond to the description regarding FIG. 1A to 1E.

(40) FIG. 4A depicts a plan view of another alternative embodiment of a vehicle antenna pane 100 according to the invention. FIG. 4B depicts an enlarged representation of the detail Z of FIG. 4A. FIG. 4C depicts a cross-sectional view along the section line A-A of FIG. 4B. FIG. 4D depicts a cross-sectional view along the section line B-B of FIG. 4B. FIG. 4E depicts a cross-sectional view along the section line B-B of FIG. 4B.

(41) The vehicle antenna pane 100 of FIG. 4A corresponds substantially in material and arrangement to the vehicle antenna pane 100 of FIG. 1A such that, in the following, only the differences between the vehicle antenna panes 100 are examined in detail. In contrast to FIG. 1A, the antenna structure 4 and the base plate 5 are arranged at the upper side edge 31 of the vehicle antenna pane 100. The antenna structure 4 and the base plate 5 are arranged here in a region of a communication window 33. Other sensors such as a rain sensor or a camera are, for example, arranged in the region of the communication window 33. The region of the communication window 33 is covered on the vehicle interior side by a plastic housing (not shown here), within which, preferably, the sensors are arranged. The antenna structure 4 and the base plate 5 correspond in their materials and dimensions to the antenna structure 4 and base plate 5 of the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 3A and 3B. In contrast to FIGS. 3A and 3B, the intermediate layer 3 is not homogeneous over the complete vehicle antenna pane 100, but is, instead, divided into two subregions. An intermediate layer 3 made of a material with relative permittivity .sub.r,3 that is greater than the relative permittivity .sub.r,3 of the dielectric of the intermediate layer 3 in the surrounding region is between the antenna structure 4 and the base plate 5. The antenna structure 4 is, consequently, arranged between the outer pane 2 and the region of the intermediate layer 3. The base plate 5 is arranged between the region of the intermediate layer 3 and the inner pane 1. In this exemplary embodiment, the following applies, for example, regarding the permittivity: .sub.r,3=3*.sub.r,3. By means of a suitable selection of the intermediate layer 3 between the antenna structure 4 and the base plate 5, the antenna properties can be particularly well-adjusted to the respective requirements.

(42) Moreover, in this exemplary embodiment of an antenna structure 4 according to the invention, two rectangular cutouts 8 are arranged on both sides of the electrical line connection 13 between the antenna structure 4 and the signal line 11 in the base of the antenna structure 4. These rectangular cutouts 8 improve the decoupling of the antenna signal out of antenna structure 4.

(43) FIG. 4E depicts a cross-sectional view along the section line D-D of FIG. 4B. An exemplary embodiment of the electrical line connection 13 between the shield 12 of the strip conductor 10 and the base plate 5 are discernible. For this, a section of the shield 12 is arranged between the intermediate layer 3 and the base plate 5. The electrical line connection 13 between the shield 12 and the base plate 5 is roughly 10 mm from the pane edge 31. This makes it possible to obtain simple and reliable sealing of the line connection 13 within the pane composite that is mechanically stabilized and hermetically protected against moisture and, hence, against corrosion.

(44) It is understood that this measure can also be advantageously combined with the other embodiments of the invention and, in particular, with the embodiment in FIGS. 3A and 3B.

(45) FIG. 5 depicts an alternative exemplary embodiment, for example, of a vehicle antenna pane 100 according to the invention of FIGS. 4A to 4D, wherein only the base of the antenna structure 4 has a different shape than in FIGS. 4A to 4D. Here, the base is an ellipse, with the signal line 11 arranged at an angle of, for example, 45 relative to the major or minor axes. The length l.sub.A of the base of the antenna structure 4 corresponds in this example to the maximum diameter of the ellipse, i.e., the diameter in the direction of the major axis. The width b.sub.A corresponds in this example to the minimum diameter of the ellipse.

(46) FIG. 6A to 6D depict an alternative exemplary embodiment, for example, of a vehicle antenna pane 100 according to the invention of FIG. 1A to 1D, wherein only the electrical contacting of the antenna structure 4 is designed differently. As shown in FIG. 6A to 6D, the signal line 11 is arranged in the plane of the base plate 5 and the shield 12, with the shield 12 transitioning in one piece into the base plate 5. The signal line 11 is capacitively coupled to the antenna structure 4 via the inner pane 1 as an intervening dielectric. The antenna signal is coupled via the dielectric to the capacitive coupling region 20 of the signal line 11 and guided to the connection element 14. This embodiment has the particular advantage that neither the signal line 11 nor the shield 12 has to be guided into the interior of the vehicle antenna pane 100. The complete electrical contacting is done via the plane of the base plate 5, which is arranged, in this example, outside the vehicle antenna pane 100. The base plate 5, the signal line 11, and the shield 12, which also serves in this example for the direct electrical contacting of the base plate 5, can also be arranged on a carrier film, for example, a polyimide film or a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, for example, with, in each case, a thickness of 0.05 mm. Alternatively, the base plate 5, the signal line 11, and the shield 12 can also be arranged on a dimensionally stable plastic carrier, such as a camera cover, and can be attached, for example, to the plastic carrier, by gluing, on the internal surface IV of the inner pane 1.

(47) FIG. 7 depicts a flowchart of an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention for producing a vehicle antenna pane 100 according to the invention.

(48) FIG. 8 depicts a measurement of the so-called S.sub.11 parameter. For this, a network analyzer was connected to the input of the antenna via the connection element 14 and the input reflection was measured as a function of frequency. The S.sub.11 parameter gives information as to how well (or, how poorly) the input is adapted to a reference system (here, 50 ohm) and, hence, gives a measurement as to what share of the electrical signal is converted into an electromagnetic signal and is emitted by the antenna. A high S.sub.11 value (here, for example, 5 dB) indicates that the input signal is strongly reflected, the antenna is poorly tuned to this frequency, and, consequently, the antenna is not effectively converting the electrical signal fed in into emitted electromagnetic radiation. A low S.sub.11 value (here, for example, 40 dB) indicates that the input signal is being reflected only slightly, i.e., the antenna is well tuned to this frequency and, consequently, the electrical signal fed in is very effectively converted into emitted electromagnetic radiation. From good signal adaptation, it can also be concluded that the antenna absorbs incoming electromagnetic radiation well in the appropriate frequency band and effectively converts it into an electrical signal.

(49) FIG. 8 depicts in Example 1 (dotted line) a measurement of the S.sub.11 parameter in the frequency range from 1 GHz to 2 GHz on a vehicle antenna pane 100 in accordance with the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1A to 1F. The vehicle antenna pane 100 was tested on a test bench. In other words, it was not installed in a vehicle body. The measurement yielded a minimum value of roughly 13 dB at a frequency of roughly 1,575 GHz. As a reference value, the frequency of 1,575 GHz is entered as a vertical dashed line in the diagram.

(50) The measurement shows that the vehicle antenna pane 100 of Example 1 has very good antenna characteristics for GPS reception, since it has, in the range from 1.50 GHz to 1.65 GHz, an S.sub.11 value of less than 10 dB and thus has adequately broad bandwidth for good GPS reception and also for good GLONASS reception.

(51) FIG. 8 further depicts in Example 2 (solid line) a measurement of the S.sub.11 parameter of the vehicle antenna pane 100 of Example 1, wherein the vehicle antenna pane 100 was installed in a vehicle body. The measurement yielded a value of 18 dB at the GPS frequency of 1,575 GHz and even the minimum value of roughly 42 dB at a frequency of roughly 1.65 GHz.

(52) The vehicle antenna pane 100 of Example 2 has, in the installed state, wherein the strip conductor 10 serving as the feedline is guided in the immediate vicinity of the mounting frame of the vehicle body, in the GPS- and GLONASS-relevant frequency range from 1.50 GHz to 1.65 GHz significantly better reception properties (lower S.sub.11 values) than the vehicle antenna pane 100 in the non-installed state of Example 1. This result was unexpected and surprising for the person skilled in the art.

(53) In summary, the present invention consists in providing an improved vehicle pane in which an antenna and, in particular, a GPS/GLONASS antenna can be integrated easily and economically.

LIST OF REFERENCE CHARACTERS

(54) 1 inner pane 2 outer pane 3,3 intermediate layer 4 antenna structure 5 base plate 6 slot-shaped cutout 7 triangular cutout 8 rectangular cutout 10 strip conductor, foil conductor 11 signal line 12 shield 13 electrical line connection 14 connection element 15 inner conductor 16 electrical insulation 20 capacitive coupling region 30, 31 pane edge 32 blockout print 33 communication window 100 vehicle antenna pane A area of the orthogonal projection of the antenna structure 4 a.sub.D leg length of the triangular cutout 7 b.sub.A width of the antenna structure 4 b.sub.G width of the base plate 5 b.sub.S width of the slot-shaped cutout 6 .sub.r,1/2 relative permittivity of the inner pane 1 or the outer pane 2 .sub.r,3, .sub.r,3 relative permittivity of the intermediate layer 3, 3 l.sub.A length of the antenna structure 4 l.sub.G length of the base plate 5 l.sub.S length of the slot-shaped cutout 6 A-A section line B-B section line C-C section line Z detail I external surface of the outer pane 2 II internal surface of the outer pane 2 III external surface of the inner pane 1 IV internal surface of the inner pane 1