SURROUNDING ROCK PRETREATMENT METHOD FOR TBM PASSING THROUGH ROUND TUNNEL SECTION WITH HIGH ROCK-BURST RISK

Abstract

The present invention relates to a surrounding rock pretreatment method for a TBM (tunnel boring machine) passing through a round tunnel section with high rock-burst risk. A technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the surrounding rock pretreatment method includes the following steps: 1. determining a pretreatment area, wherein an area in which a clear spacing between a to-be-constructed tunnel and an adjacent existing tunnel in a TBM tunneling direction is less than 2 times that of a tunnel diameter of the TBM to-be-constructed tunnel is the pretreatment area: 2. performing controlled blasting; 3. injecting high pressure water, and selecting part of blast holes I to perform cyclic water injection pressurizing; and 4, performing normal tunneling by the TBM.

Claims

1. A surrounding rock pretreatment method for a TBM passing through a round tunnel section with high rock-burst risk, comprising the following steps: 1.1. determining a pretreatment area, wherein an area in which a clear spacing between a to-be-constructed tunnel and an adjacent existing tunnel in a TBM tunneling direction is less than 2 times that of a tunnel diameter of the TBM to-be-constructed tunnel is the pretreatment area; 1.2. performing controlled blasting; 1.2.1. arranging a plurality of rows of blast holes I in the pretreatment area and a rock pillar area between the existing tunnel and the to-be-constructed tunnel through the existing tunnel; 1.2.2. arranging a plurality of rows of blast holes II on an arch crown of the to-be-constructed tunnel and a spandrel part, far away from the existing tunnel side, of the to-be-constructed tunnel through the existing tunnel; 1.2.3, sequentially detonating the blast holes I and the blast holes II; 1.3. injecting high pressure water, and selecting part of blast holes I to perform cyclic water injection pressurizing; and 1.4. performing normal tunneling by the TBM.

2. The surrounding rock pretreatment method for the TBM passing through the round tunnel section with high rock-burst risk according to claim 1, wherein a blasting charge length L1 of the blast holes I is equal to ⅓ L, L represents a thickness of rock pillars between the existing tunnel and the to-be-constructed tunnel; and a blasting charge length L2 of the blast holes II is equal to is equal to 1.5 D, and D represents a tunnel diameter of the to-be-constructed tunnel.

3. The surrounding rock pretreatment method for the TBM passing through the round tunnel section with high rock-burst risk according to claim 1, wherein a spacing between every two blast holes I along an axis direction of the existing tunnel is 2 m, and a spacing between every two blast holes II along the axis direction of the existing tunnel is 2 m.

4. The surrounding rock pretreatment method for the TBM passing through the round tunnel section with high rock-burst risk according to claim 1, wherein a blasting interval of the blast holes I and the blast holes II is 0.5 s.

5. The surrounding rock pretreatment method for the TBM passing through the round tunnel section with high rock-burst risk according to claim 1, wherein 3 pressure cycles are accumulatively performed during cyclic water injection pressurizing, time of each pressure cycle is more than or equal to 5 minutes, and the maximum pressure is more than or equal to 8 MPa.

6. The surrounding rock pretreatment method for the TBM passing through the round funnel section with high rock-burst risk according to claim 5, wherein water injection is stopped if water flows out of the blast holes I in which water is not injected in water injection engineering.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] FIG. 1 is a plane layout schematic diagram of embodiments.

[0019] FIG. 2 is an A-A sectional view of FIG. 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present embodiment closes a surrounding rock pretreatment method for a TBM passing through a round tunnel section with high rock-burst risk. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a clear spacing between a round tunnel 1 and a to-be-connected tunnel 22 on a TBM tunneling design route small, and when high rock-burst risk exists in a process of excavating the existing tunnel 1 (round tunnel), surrounding rock of the tunnel section can be pretreated by adopting the method in the present embodiment. The method specifically includes the following steps:

[0021] 1. determining a pretreatment area, wherein an area in which a clear spacing between the to-be-constructed tunnel 22 and an adjacent existing tunnel 1 in a TBM tunneling direction is less than 2 times that of a tunnel diameter (D) of the TBM to-be-constructed tunnel 22 is the pretreatment area, and the pretreatment area is divided into construction sections 10 m long respectively so as to perform section construction;

[0022] 2. stopping TBM tunneling when a TBM surface 21 is 50 m away from the pretreatment area, and allowing TBM to continuously perform tunneling after artificial cracks of the surrounding rock in the pretreatment area are completed;

[0023] 3. performing controlled blasting;

[0024] 3.1. arranging 5 rows of blast holes I4 in the pretreatment area and a rock pillar 3 (thickness L) area between the round tunnel and the to-be-constructed tunnel 22 through the round tunnel (existing tunnel 1), wherein a spacing between every two blast holes I 4 along an axis direction of the round tunnel is 2 m, the artificial cracks are manufactured in a range of ⅓ time of thickness of the rock pillar 3, and a blasting charge length L1 is equal to ⅓ L;

[0025] 3.2. arranging 3 rows of blast holes II5 on an arch crown and a right-side spandrel part of the to-be-constructed tunnel 22 through the round tunnel (shown in FIG. 2), wherein a spacing between every two blast holes II5 along the axis direction of the round tunnel is 2 m, a blasting charge length L2 is equal to 1.5 D, and the artificial cracks are manufactured on the TBM arch crown and the right-side spandrel part;

[0026] 3.3. sequentially detonating the 5 rows of blast holes I4 in the rock pillar area and the 3 rows of blast holes II5 on the TBM arch crown and the right-side spandrel part along the axis direction in the blasting process, wherein a blasting interval is 0.5 s, and cracks are made in the rock pillar area and at the upper right part of the TBM in a 10 m length range;

[0027] 4. performing cyclic water injection pressurizing on part of the blast holes (holes I, II and III in FIG. 2 are selected on each section) by adopting high pressure water after the controlled blasting in the pretreatment area is completed, wherein totally 3 pressure cycles are performed, time of each cycle is not less than 5 minutes, a pressure-flow curve in the pressurization process is monitored, the orifice section is sealed by 2 m, and the maximum pressure in the water pressurizing cycle should not be lower than 8 MPa. Bursting pressure for allowing the artificial cracks to continuously expand may occur in the first pressure cycle as much as possible, and water injection is stopped if water flows out of other blast holes in the water injection process, to complete water pressurizing cycles of the holes; and

[0028] 5. allowing the TBM to perform normal tunneling after pretreatment is completed, thereby reducing a tunneling speed when the TBM passes through the pretreatment tunnel section, and ensuring that system anchor bolt support is completed on side and top arch parts of the TBM in each excavation progress cycle of the TBM.