FORMWORK ELEMENT

Abstract

A formwork element has a theft protection, wherein a base layer is applied onto at least one surface of the formwork element, and wherein at least one signal module for communication with at least one base station is provided. The base layer being designed in a water-tight manner, and an at least partially porous concrete-repellent separating layer is provided above the base layer.

Claims

1. A formwork element having anti-theft protection, wherein a base layer is disposed on at least one surface of the formwork element, wherein at least one signal module is provided for communication with a base station, the base layer being watertight, and wherein an at least partially porous, concrete-repellent separating layer is provided above the base layer, and wherein the separating layer has a smooth surface towards hardening concrete, wherein pores present in the separating layer are formed in such a way that they can take up a separating agent which emerges on the smooth surface, allowing for simple and clean demolding, and in that a separating agent reservoir layer is arranged between the base layer and the separating layer, in which a separating agent for delivery to the separating layer is stored, the separating agent reservoir layer being formed in such a way that, after some demolding events, more separating agent can continue to diffuse from the separating agent reservoir layer into the separating layer in order to replace the separating agent which was already consumed.

2. The formwork element according to claim 1, wherein the signal module comprises a sensor input which is connected to a sensor for measuring the separating agent content of the separating agent reservoir layer.

3. The formwork element according to claim 1, wherein a printed circuit comprising the signal module and a power supply is provided inside the separating agent reservoir layer or the base layer, so that the printed circuit comprising the signal module and associated power supply is enclosed and protected against manipulation.

4. The formwork element according to claim 3, wherein the printed circuit comprises a sensor which is accommodated in the separating layer or within a region thereof.

5. The formwork element according to claim 3, wherein the printed circuit comprises conductor paths and/or antennas.

6. The formwork element according to claim 1, wherein the base layer and/or the separating layer are transparent, and a legible or machine-readable imprint is formed in the base layer or in the separating layer or between the base layer and the separating layer.

7. The formwork element according to claim 1, wherein the separating layer is an epoxy resin layer.

8. The formwork element according to claim 1, wherein the signal module comprises a chip with radio technology, preferably LoRaWAN technology, having an independent voltage source.

Description

BRIEF DESCPRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In the following, the invention is explained in detail on the basis of the exemplified embodiments shown in the drawings without limiting the generality of the inventive idea. In the figures:

[0036] FIG. 1 shows a partial section through one embodiment of the formwork element according to the invention; and

[0037] FIG. 2 shows a partial section through another embodiment of the formwork element according to the invention;

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] FIG. 1 shows a rectangular formwork element in the form of a formwork panel 1 for a formwork in concrete construction, which can, for example, be formed from several layers of glued plywood panels. Formwork elements also include other elements for formwork structures, such as columns, frame elements or formwork elements made of metal, plastic or the like.

[0039] Within the scope of the invention, there is no limitation with regard to the type of construction, the choice of materials and the geometric design of formwork elements; rather, the invention can be applied to all types of formwork elements.

[0040] All features generally described for the formwork panel 1 are generally applicable to all formwork elements.

[0041] A base layer 4 is disposed on a surface 30, e.g. a top surface, of formwork element 1, in which a signal module 3 is provided for communication with at least one base station (not shown).

[0042] In accordance with the invention, the base layer 4 is waterproof, e.g. made of a waterproof plastic, in which the signal module 3 is incorporated, e.g. by being cast into the base layer 4. In this way, the signal module 3 is protected against moisture penetration and manipulation.

[0043] The signal module 3 is equipped with an independent voltage supply which is also included in the base layer 4.

[0044] According to the invention, in order to achieve good separation properties, an at least partially porous, concrete-repellent separating layer 5 is provided above the base layer 4, i.e. on the side of the base layer facing away from the formwork panel 1, whereby pores 32 are preferably designed in such a way that they can accommodate a separating agent, e.g. a separating oil or separating wax, which enables simple and clean demolding.

[0045] The separating layer 5 is concrete-repellent and comes into contact with a concrete or cement mixture during the construction of the respective construction section and there is practically no adhesion of the finished concrete.

[0046] The separating layer 5 can be made of any suitable plastic, monoplastic, thermoset, resin, etc., preferably it consists of an epoxy resin layer which is very suitable for concrete construction purposes and provides very smooth concrete surfaces.

[0047] The separating layer 5 preferably expands over the entire base layer 4 of formwork panel 1, i.e. side surfaces and end faces, and forms a smooth surface 31 compared to the hardening concrete. Due to the pores 32 present in the separating layer 5, the separating agent present in these pores can escape to the smooth surface 31 in order to enable improved separating properties compared to the hardened concrete. After several demolding processes, more of the separating agent can diffuse from the separating agent reservoir layer 4 into the separating layer 5 to replace the already used separating agent. As soon as there is no longer sufficient separating agent in the separating agent reservoir layer 7, this can be reported via the signal module 3, whereupon the formwork element needs to be serviced.

[0048] The separating layer 5 is, for example, formed by an epoxy resin layer of approx. 2 mm, the pores 32 of which are impregnated with a separating oil, whereby the separating agent is stored within the separating layer 5 and the separating agent emerges from the pores 32 when a concrete surface is formed on the outside of the separating layer 5, i.e. on the side of the separating layer 5 facing away from the base layer 4, and can take full effect.

[0049] Signal module 3 contains a chip using LoRaWAN technology with an independent voltage source. However, signal module 3 can also use other forms of radio signal transmission or other electromagnetic transmission. For position determination the signal module 3 comprises a position sensor or a position sensor is connected to the signal module 3 at another position on the control panel 1. In this way, the position of panel 1 can be constantly monitored and a theft alarm can be activated in the event of an unauthorized change of position.

[0050] When the base layer 4 is applied, the signal module 3 is molded within it.

[0051] On one hand, his provides protection against mechanical and chemical impact and effectively prevents any manipulation of the signal module 3 on the other. In order to reach the signal module 3, the control panel 1 would have to be destroyed.

[0052] In addition to signal module 3, printed circuits and/or sensors (not shown) are provided on or in panel 1, which are covered by or embedded in the base layer 4 and which are connected to the signal module 3.

[0053] The sensors can, for example, be position, location, acceleration, pressure, light, vibration sensors, etc. whose output signals are transmitted to the base station via signal module 3.

[0054] Swelling tests with panel 1 immersed in water have shown that the signal module 3 and the embedded printed circuits and sensors are sufficiently protected against moisture by the base layer 4.

[0055] Furthermore, the base layer 4 and the separating layer 5 are transparent, with a readable or machine-readable imprint 6 having been formed in the base layer 4, which serves to identify the formwork panel 1.

[0056] The imprint 6 is designed as a readable or machine-readable imprint, e.g. a number, a logo, a barcode, so that the imprint can be read through the plastic layer. The imprint 6 may also be provided in the separation layer 5 or between the separation layer 5 and the base layer 4.

[0057] The imprint 6 may be placed at different depths by producing base layer 4 or interface layer 5 by forming sublayers and then depositing imprint 6 to one of the sublayers and covering it with the subsequent sublayer.

[0058] FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the formwork element in accordance with the invention, wherein additionally a separating agent reservoir layer 7 is formed between the base layer 4 and the separating layer 5.

[0059] For example, the separating agent reservoir layer 7 may be embodied as a paper or fiber web in which a separating agent is stored, which is first introduced into the separating agent reservoir layer 7 by impregnation from the outside via the separating layer 5, before being gradually released again from this into the separating layer 5 via the diffusion path.

[0060] In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, an additional imprint 8 is provided which is formed by a printed circuit connected to a radio unit mounted at another location and which is secured against forgery by the plastic layer arranged above it. Instead of or in addition to the printed circuit board, a flat sensor which is electrically connected to the signal module can also be embedded in the base layer 4 in order to transmit physical measured values to the base station by means of the signal module.

[0061] The signal module 3 has a sensor input which is connected to a capacitive sensor (not shown) for measuring the separating agent content of the separating agent reservoir layer 7. In this way, the filling level of separating agent within the separating layer 7 can be detected and read out via signal module 3, so that if the separating agent content is too low, the formwork element is re-impregnated in order to maintain the separating properties of the separating layer in excellent condition at all times.

[0062] Signal module 3 is arranged in the base layer 4, as shown in FIG. 2, but could also be arranged in the separating agent reservoir layer 7, or could extend across the base layer 4 and the separating agent reservoir layer 7.

[0063] Furthermore, the imprint 8, which is applied, e.g. by screen printing, can be implemented by electrically conductive layers, which are designed as conductor paths or antennas, whereby corresponding connections can be created with the signal module and an antenna imprinted on the control panel.