Movable stake and method for supporting and training one or more branches in plant cultivation

Abstract

Movable stake and method of using it for supporting and managing the cultivation of plant species, such as a vineyard or the like, in which at least one part of the branches are buried in the soil during the cold season. The movable stake includes a deformable element on which are fastened the branches to be buried and has a first free end and a second end anchored to the ground; the first free end is suitable to be engaged either with the soil or with a horizontal wire that supports the branches of the plant being cultivated.

Claims

1. A method to handle one or more branches in a plant cultivation by burying at least a part of the one or more branches, the method comprising: coupling the one or more branches to a movable stake comprising a deformable element, the deformable element having (i) a first free end comprising a hook and (ii) a second end anchored to a ground; during a cold season, burying the one or more branches in the ground by rotating the one or more branches together with the deformable element to engage the first free end in the ground and then covering the one or more branches and the deformable element with earth; and while in a warm season, digging out the one or more branches together with the deformable element from the earth covering them and hooking the one or more branches to a horizontal plant cultivation supporting wire by rotating the one or more branches together with the movable stake so that the first free end engages the plant cultivation supporting wire by way of the hook.

2. The method to handle one or more branches in a plant cultivation as in claim 1, wherein the movable stake, together with the one or more branches, is anchored to the ground by inserting into the ground the deformable element by a harpoon which terminates the free end.

3. The method to handle one or more branches in a plant cultivation as in claim 1, wherein the one or more branches are fastened to the movable stake by means of laces.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

(1) The technical characteristics of the invention will be described with the help of the enclosed figures, which illustrate an embodiment of the same purely by way of a non-limiting example, wherein:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the movable stake to be used to support and train the branches of a plant cultivation;

(3) FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic side view of a part of the vineyard that employs the movable stake of FIG. 1 for supporting the branches;

(4) FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic side view of the part of the vineyard of FIG. 2 in which is shown the operation for positioning and fastening the branches to the ground together with the movable stake;

(5) FIG. 4 shows a schematic side view of the part of the vineyard of FIG. 2 in which are shown the branches and the movable stake completely buried;

(6) FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic side view of the part of the vineyard of FIG. 2 in which is shown the operation for extracting the branches from the ground and coupling them to a support wire;

(7) FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of a movable stake to be used to support and train the branches of a plant cultivation in accordance with a variant embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(8) An embodiment of a movable stake 1 to support and train the branches 9 of a plant cultivation, such as a vineyard or the like, is shown in the perspective view of FIG. 1.

(9) The movable stake 1 according to the invention consists of an elastically or mechanically deformable element, preferably made of steel, having a rectilinear elongate body 2 and shaped ends 3 and 4.

(10) The deformable element is preferably a metal rod or wire having an elastic behaviour; naturally, it can also be made up entirely of a completely flexible element of metallic material or fibre composite.

(11) A first end 3 of the movable stake 1 is shaped as a hook G to be engaged on a horizontal wire 11 supporting the vegetation and ends preferably as a harpoon 5 suitable to be sunk into the ground to prevent sideway shifts of the movable stake 1 with respect to the longitudinal direction of the plant row. A second end 4 may be in a form such as to enhance the deformability of the stake, such as for example a coil spring 6 or a ribbon spring, suitable to allow the elastic rotation of the movable stake 1 between the two positions of engaging the wire or of burying the branches, respectively.

(12) As shown in FIG. 6, a variant embodiment that makes it possible to achieve the same objective is represented by a stake consisting of two joined parts, connected for example through a hinge, rings or eyelets 12.

(13) Said second end 4 terminates with a harpoon 7 that ensures a stable anchoring of the movable stake 1 in the ground; the harpoon 7 is preferably bent at an angle so as to counteract with a resisting moment the forces that, during the burying operations, could rotate the movable stake 1 with respect to the longitudinal direction of the row of plants.

(14) The movable stake 1 is installed near the base of the trunk of a plant, in particular a grape vine 8, as shown in FIGS. 2-5, by driving the harpoon 7 into the ground. On the rectilinear elongate body 2 of said movable stake 1 are secured the branches 9 through known means, such as for example tie fasteners 10.

(15) Depending on the plant species, the cultivation may allow for the growth of a plurality of branches. In this case, near the base of the main trunk 8, are installed a number of movable stakes 1, or the cultivation may provide for the growth and management of only the branches that are above the grafting level on the plant.

(16) In the warm period, the movable stake 1 engages said supporting horizontal wire 11 (FIG. 2) with the harpoon 5 so as to keep the branches 9 raised above the ground and in a suitable position for their growth.

(17) The movable stake 1 and the branches 9 remain in this position until the onset of the winter period.

(18) The arrow A in FIG. 3 shows the rotation applied on the branches 9 and the movable stake 1 during the burial operation, carried out with the approach of the cold period.

(19) In the course of this procedure, an operator releases the harpoon 5 from the supporting horizontal wire 11 and directs the branches 9 fastened to the movable stake 1 until they reach the ground; the operator completes the procedure by pushing down said first free end 3 so that said harpoon 5 is driven into the ground.

(20) The winter burial procedure is completed with the help of a machine which, drawing a plough along the vine row, moves the soil so as to cover the branches 9 fastened to the movable stake (FIG. 3).

(21) The use of the movable stake 1 allows a more accurate alignment of the branches 9 by reducing the width of the ridge of soil created with the piled-up soil. Consequently, it is sufficient to create a ridge of soil of limited size to protect the branches, thus cutting the necessary working times.

(22) During the cold period, as shown in FIG. 4, the branches 9 lie covered under a layer of soil. The branches thus protected, in the case in which the main branch 8 is compromised by the rigid winter conditions, can be used to completely replace said main branch or to contribute with their own buds to avoid drops in production, or, in the case of single branches they can survive the rigid climate and sprout again in the following season.

(23) At the end of the cold period, the branches 9 are dug out of the soil bed and fastened to the supporting horizontal wire 11 so as to resume their normal growth (FIG. 5). Thanks to the presence of the movable stake 1, the restoration procedures can be carried out in a simple and rapid manner compared to those carried out according to the prior art, without having to tie the branches again to the current support stakes.

(24) After having loosened the soil bed by means of a plough, it is sufficient to perform a single passage along the edge of the plant row with a blowing machine or hand implements so as to remove only the part of the layer of soil that protected the branches 9 and proceed manually to lift said branches 9. In FIG. 5, the arrow B shows the rotation applied to the movable stake 1 and to the branches 9 so as to engage the first free end 3 of said movable stake 1 on the supporting horizontal wire 11.

(25) Also in the case of the restoration procedure, which returns the plant to the initial conditions of FIG. 2, the use of a movable stake 1 enables the operator to carry out a safer restoration procedure and to shorten the time required. In particular, the restoration procedure does not require the operators to use any tools.