Abstract
A device for changing a blade on shears, in particular for a rolled band, and to such shears in which a blade can be fixed to at least one blade support automatically by a tie bar pretensioned by a force accumulator. The device includes at least one adjusting element which can be actuated in order to release the blade from the blade support such that the tie rod is moved in an axial direction against the tie rod pretension. The adjusting element can be arranged on an outer face of the blade support or outside of the blade support.
Claims
1. A device for changing at least one blade on shears, the blade being automatically securable on a blade carrier by a tie rod that is pretensioned by a force accumulator, the device comprising an adjusting member which, for releasing the blade from the blade carrier, is actuable so as to move the tie rod in an axial direction in a manner opposed to the pretensioning, wherein the adjusting member is arrangable on an outer side of the blade carrier or outside the blade carrier, wherein the adjusting member includes a hydraulic cylinder and an actuating pin that is movable in a direction of a longitudinal axis of the tie rod and can be brought into contact bearing with an end side of the tie rod either directly or indirectly, wherein the actuating pin is connected to a piston of the hydraulic cylinder, arranged to move the actuating pin.
2. The device according to claim 1, wherein, for carrying out a blade change, the hydraulic cylinder is configured to be attachable to the blade carrier or is operatively connectable to the blade carrier by the connecting rod, wherein, after the blade change is finished, the adjusting member is releasable from the blade carrier.
3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting member or the connecting rod is fastenable to the blade carrier.
4. The device according to claim 3, wherein the adjusting member or the connecting rod is in positive-locking connection with the blade carrier.
5. The device according to claim 3, further comprising a contact block that fastens the adjusting member or the connecting rod to the blade carrier.
6. The device according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting member has an adjusting element with a first wedge surface that interacts directly or via the connecting rod with an end side of the actuating pin opposed to the tie rod.
7. The device according to claim 6, wherein a second wedge surface complementary to the first wedge surface is formed on the end side of the actuating pin opposed to the tie rod.
8. The device according to claim 6, further comprising an actuator that moves the adjusting element along an axis transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the tie rod in order to move the actuating pin in a direction of action along the longitudinal axis of the tie rod and counter to the pretensioning of the force accumulator in order to release the blade.
9. The device according to claim 1, further comprising at least one outer support to which the at least one adjusting member is attached, wherein the adjusting member is coupleable via the connecting rod to the tie rod, which is accommodated in the blade carrier of the shears, and therefore an actuation of the adjusting member is transmitted by the connecting rod to the tie rod.
10. The device according to claim 9, wherein a plurality of the adjusting members are attached to the outer support, said adjusting members each being coupleable via connecting rods to the tie rods accommodated in the blade carriers.
11. The device according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of the adjusting members arranged in a row on the outer side of the blade carrier, along a center axis of a blade drum.
12. The device according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting member is configured to exert a compressive force on the tie rod in order to release the blade from the blade carrier by neutralizing the prestressing of the tie rod.
13. The device according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting member is configured to exert a tensile force on the tie rod in order to release the blade from the blade carrier by neutralizing the prestressing of the tie rod.
14. A combination comprising: shears with at least one replaceable blade, comprising; at least one blade carrier on which a blade is automatically secured by a tie rod pretensioned by a force accumulator and movably accommodated in a bore formed in the blade carrier; and a device according to claim 1 for changing the at least one blade.
15. The combination according to claim 14, wherein the blade carrier has, on an outer side and as an extension of a longitudinal axis of the tie rod, at least one contact block to which the adjusting member or a connecting rod coupleable to the adjusting member is fastenable.
16. The combination according to claim 14, wherein the shears are rotating shears and the blade carrier is a blade drum.
17. The combination according to claim 16, wherein a plurality of blades are attached to the blade drum, wherein the tie rods assigned to the respective blades run at different angles to one another and bores in the blade drum for the tie rods are each introduced in an offset manner.
18. The combination according to claim 16, wherein at least two blades or pairs of blades are fastened to the blade drum, wherein associated tie rods of the blades run parallel to one another within the blade drum, and the blades or pairs of blades are arranged on the blade drum at an angle.
19. The combination according to claim 18, wherein the blades or parts of blades are arranged on the blade drum at an angle of 90 or 180 to one another.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
(1) In the drawing:
(2) FIG. 1 shows a simplified lateral cross-sectional view of shears according to the present invention,
(3) FIG. 2 shows a simplified lateral cross-sectional view of the shears from FIG. 1 in conjunction with a device according to the present invention for changing a blade on shears,
(4) FIG. 3 shows a simplified lateral cross-sectional view of a device according to the invention for changing a blade of shears according to a further embodiment,
(5) FIG. 4 shows a simplified lateral cross-sectional view of shears and a device for changing a blade on shears according to the present invention according to a further embodiment,
(6) FIG. 5 shows a simplified lateral cross-sectional view of shears and a device for changing a blade on shears according to the present invention according to a further embodiment,
(7) FIG. 6a,
(8) FIG. 6b show cross-sectional views of a fastening device of the device for changing a blade of FIG. 5,
(9) FIG. 7 shows a simplified lateral cross-sectional view of shears according to the invention according to a further embodiment,
(10) FIG. 8 shows a simplified lateral cross-sectional view of shears according to the invention according to a further embodiment,
(11) FIG. 9 shows a simplified lateral end side view, partially cut open, of shears and a device for changing a blade on shears according to the present invention according to a further embodiment,
(12) FIG. 10 shows the shears and the device of FIG. 10 in an operating state for changing a blade attached to the shears,
(13) FIG. 11 shows a simplified lateral end side view, partially cut open, of shears and a device for changing a blade on shears according to the present invention according to a further embodiment, in an operating state for changing blades attached to the shears,
(14) FIG. 12 shows a simplified lateral cross-sectional view of a further type of shears, in which the device according to the invention for changing a blade can be used, and
(15) FIG. 13 shows a variant of the embodiment of the device according to the invention from FIG. 2.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
(16) FIG. 1 shows a simplified lateral cross-sectional view of shears 100 according to the present invention, in which at least one blade 102 can be fastened to a blade carrier 104 by clamping. The shears 100 can be designed as rotating shears, wherein the blade carrier 104 is then a rotating blade drum. The blade 102 is clamped to the blade drum 104 by means of a force accumulator 106, by means of which a tie rod 108 acting on the blade 102 is pretensioned. The force accumulator 106 is preferably designed in the form of disk springs, and is always only referred to below as a disk spring without a restriction to this type of force accumulator being thereby understood.
(17) A bore 110 is formed in the blade drum 104 in order to accommodate the disk spring 106 and the tie rod 108 therein. The disk spring 106 is attached to an end of the tie rod 108, wherein a base element 112 is fastened to an end side of the tie rod 108 adjacent to the disk spring 106, said base element lying against a contact block 114 provided on an outer side 105 of the blade drum 104. A clamping piece 118 which can be brought into interaction with the blade 102 is attached to the opposite end side of the tie rod 108 by means of a screw 116.
(18) A pretensioning, symbolized in FIG. 1 by the arrow A, is exerted on the tie rod 108 by means of the disk spring 106. This pretensioning causes the clamping piece 118 to enter into contact with the blade 102, as a result of which the blade 102 is secured or clamped on the blade drum 104.
(19) In the case of the shears 100 according to FIG. 1, the blade 102 is automatically secured on the blade drum 104 by the tie rod 108 which is pretensioned by means of the disk spring 106. Rotation of the blade drum 104 is facilitated according to the invention by means for releasing or changing the blade 102 not being attached permanently to the blade drum 104. Accordingly, it is also not required to provide control lines or the like for the rotating blade drum 104.
(20) FIG. 2 shows the shears 100 of FIG. 1 in conjunction with a device 1 according to the invention for changing the blade 102. The device 1 here comprises an adjusting member 10 which is fastened in a form-fitting manner to the outer side 105 of the blade drum 104, namely to the contact block 114. The adjusting member 10 has an actuating pin 12 which is movable in the direction of the longitudinal axis L of the tie rod 108. Specifically, the actuating pin 12 can be moved in the direction of the arrow B, namely in an opposed manner to the pretensioning direction of the tie rod 108, in order thereby to be able to override the clamping between the clamping piece 118 and the blade 102 and subsequently to remove the blade 102 from the blade drum 104. The removal direction of the blade 102, for removal from the blade drum 104, is symbolized by the arrow C in FIG. 2.
(21) In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the adjusting member 10 is designed as a hydraulic cylinder 14, wherein the actuating pin 12 of the device 1 is connected to a piston 16 of the hydraulic cylinder 14. If an oil chamber 18 of the hydraulic cylinder 14 is charged with pressure or oil, the piston 16 in conjunction with the actuating pin 12 is moved in the direction of the tie rod 108to the right in the illustration of FIG. 2. As a consequence thereof, an end side of the actuating pin 12 enters into contact with an adjacent end side of the base element 112, as a result of which the tie rod 108 is displaced in the bore 110 counter to the pretensioning exerted by the disk spring 106, in such a manner that the clamping between the clamping piece 118 and the blade 102 is overridden. The blade 102 can subsequently then be taken out of the blade drum 104 in the direction C and therefore removed or changed.
(22) When installing a new blade 102, after the blade 102 has been brought into position on the blade drum 104 and into contact with the clamping piece 118, the oil chamber 18 of the hydraulic cylinder 14 is adjusted to be unpressurized, and therefore the pretensioning of the disk spring 106 then brings about a movement of the tie rod 108 in the direction A (cf. FIG. 1) and, as a result, leads to automatic secure clamping of the blade 102 on the blade drum 104.
(23) Inwardly projecting webs 20 are formed on an outer side of the hydrlaic cylinder 14 and can be brought into engagement with a shoulder portion 120 formed on the contact block 114. By this means, a form-fitting fastening of the hydraulic cylinder 14 to the contact block 114 is possible, as a result of which the device 1 can be attached to the outer side 105 in a short time. It should be pointed out in this regard that such a fastening of the device 1 to the outer side 105 of the blade drum 104 only takes place temporarily, namely for the purpose of replacing the blade 102. This means that, after the blade 102 has been changed, the device 1 is removed again from the contact block 114 and taken away from the shears 100, and therefore normal operation of the shears 100 with a rotating blade drum 104 takes place without incorporation of the device 1.
(24) FIG. 3 shows a simplified lateral cross-sectional view of the invention according to a further embodiment. In this case, two bores 110 are formed in the blade drum 104, said bores running parallel to each other and each serving for receiving a tie rod 108 and a disk spring 106 attached to the latter. Blades 102 are in each case securely clamped on the blade drum 104 by means of the tie rods 108. The clamping mechanism corresponds in the same manner to the embodiment of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, and therefore reference should be made thereto in order to avoid repetition.
(25) In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the contact blocks 114 are attached in each case offset by 180 to one another to the outer side 105 of the blade drum 104. It is thereby possible to securely clamp the blades 102 to the blade drum 104 in a manner likewise offset by 180 to one another.
(26) In the illustration of FIG. 3, the upper tie rod 108 is acted upon by the hydraulic cylinder 14, which is fastened to the contact block 114, in such a manner thatin the same manner as in the illustration of FIG. 2the tie rod 108 is moved within the bore 110 in the direction of the arrow B in order to override the clamping between the blade 102 and the blade drum 104. For complete removal of the blade 102, the clamping piece 118 can be taken away from the tie rod 108, for example by means of a quarter turn fastening, after which the blade 102 is then fully exposed for a desired removal. The lower tie rod 108 is pretensioned in the direction of the arrow A by means of the pretensioning of the disk spring 106, as a result of which the blade 102 is clamped to the blade drum 104. It should be pointed out with regard to the lower tie rod 108 of FIG. 3 that a hydraulic cylinder 14 can likewise be fastened to the associated contact block 114 in order to bring about release of the blade 102 in the same manner as in the case of the above tie rod 108 of FIG. 3.
(27) FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of the invention, in which the actuating pin 12 of the actuating member 10 comprises a screw 22 which engages in an internal thread of a support plate 24. The support plate 24 has, on its outer side, webs 20, with which the support plate 24in the same manner as the hydraulic cylinder 14can be fastened in a form-fitting manner to a contact block 114 on the outer side 105 of the blade drum 104.
(28) In the embodiment of FIG. 4, two bores 110 running parallel to each other are formed in the blade drum 104in the same manner as in the embodiment of FIG. 3and therefore blades 102 can be attached or clamped to the blade drum 104 in a manner offset at an angle of 180 to one another.
(29) In order to release a blade 102, in the case of the embodiment of FIG. 4 the support plate 24 is fastened to a contact block 114 on the outer side 105 of the blade drum 104, and the screw 22 is subsequently screwed into the internal thread of the support plate 24 in such a manner that a free end side of the screw 22 enters into contact with the base element 112 and thereby moves the tie rod 108 within the bore 110 in the direction of the arrow B. This is illustrated in FIG. 4 for the upper tie rod 108, wherein, after the clamping with the clamping piece 118 is overridden, the blade 102 can be removed from the blade drum 104. In the case of the lower tie rod 108 of FIG. 4, the screw 22 in the internal thread of the support plate 24 is unscrewed until the associated blade 102 (shown on the left in the region of the image) is securely clamped to the blade drum.
(30) With regard to the adjusting member 10 according to the embodiment of FIG. 4, it should be pointed out that the support plate 24 thereof can preferably be fastened only temporarily to the contact block 114, namely for the purpose of replacing the blade 102. Accordingly, the blade drum 104 is set into rotation during normal operation of the shears 100 without the supporting plates 24 being fastened to the outer side 105 thereof.
(31) It should be pointed out at this juncture that the embodiment of FIG. 4 is also suitable, because of its simplicity and discernible robustness, to be attached permanently to the blade drum 104.
(32) Furthermore, it should be pointed out that a device 1 with an adjusting member 10 according to the embodiment of FIG. 4 can also be used in conjunction with shears 100, in whichin a departure from the illustration of FIG. 4only one bore is formed in the blade drum 104.
(33) FIG. 5 clarifies a further embodiment of the invention, in which the adjusting member 10 has a housing 26 which is fastenable to a contact block 114 and in which a movable adjusting element 28 with a first wedge surface 30 is accommodated. In the same manner as in the embodiment of FIG. 4, two mutually parallel bores 110 are formed in the blade drum 104 and in which, as explained, the tie rods 108, which are set under pretension by disk springs 106, are accommodated. In the illustration of FIG. 5, the adjusting member 10 is fastened by way of example with its housing 26 to the contact block 114 which is assigned to the upper tie rod 108. Details regarding the configuration of the housing 26 and the adjusting element 28 accommodated therein emerge from the sectional view along the line I-I, which is the basis for FIGS. 6a and 6b.
(34) The adjusting element 28 is movable in the direction of the axis D within the housing 26. The adjusting element 28 has a first wedge surface 30. A second wedge surface 32 which is complementary to the first wedge surface 30 is formed on an end side of the actuating pin 12, which end side is opposed to the tie rod 108.
(35) FIG. 6a shows the adjusting member 10 in a starting position fastened to the contact block 114, in which the tie rod 108 is pressed in the direction of action A by means of the pretensioning exerted by the disk springs 106. The adjusting member 10 comprises an actuator 34 by means of whichas illustrated in FIG. 6bthe adjusting element 28 is moved along the axis D in such a manner that the actuating pin 12 is displaced in the process in the direction of action B. The actuating element 28 is displaced here counter to the pretensioning of a spring 36. As a result thereof, the tie rod 108 is moved counter to the direction of its pretensioning within the bore 110 in order to override the clamping of the blade 102 to the blade drum 104. The actuator 34 can be a hydraulic cylinder or a screw having an identical effect. With regard to the relative displacement of the two wedge surfaces 30, 32, it is of importance that the axis D, along which the adjusting element 28 is displaced by the actuator 34, runs at a right angle to the longitudinal axis L of the tie rod 108.
(36) In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, the adjusting member 10 for simplification is fastened by way of example only to the contact block 114 which is assigned to the upper tie rod 108. It goes without saying that the adjusting member 10 according to this embodiment can also be fastened to the contact block 114, which is assigned to the lower tie rod 108, for release of the blade 102.
(37) It should be pointed out with regard to the bores 110 formed in the blade drum 104 that said bores can be formed not only parallel to one another but also offset at an angle of 90 to one another. This is illustrated in the simplified lateral cross-sectional view of FIG. 7. According to a further alternative embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that more than two bores 110, for example, as apparent from the illustration of FIG. 8, a total of three bores 110, are also formed in the blade drum 104. With regard to the bores 110 according to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, it goes without saying that said bores are introduced in the blade drum 104 in a manner offset from one another, namely along a longitudinal axis of the blade drum 104 (perpendicular to the illustrative plane according to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8). It is possible by means of the plurality of bores 110 to clamp a plurality of blades 102 to the blade drum 104 at different angles from one another. This takes place by the same clamping and release mechanism as explained above, namely using a clamping piece 118 at one end of the tie rod 108 and a contact block 114 which is arranged on the outer side 105 of the blade drum 104 and to which the device 1 can be fastened, preferably temporarily, by its adjusting member 10.
(38) In the case of the above embodiments, in order to release the blade 102 from the adjusting member, a compressive force is exerted on the tie rod 108 in order to be able to override the pretensioning thereof and subsequently remove the blade 102 from the blade drum 104.
(39) FIG. 9 shows, in simplified form, an end side view of the shears 100 according to the invention, partially cut open, wherein the device 1 for changing at least one blade 102 of the shears 100 is attached to an outer support 122. Such an outer support can be designed, for example, in the form of an upright frame 122 and is always only referred to as such belowwithout any restriction being seen therein. The device 1 can be fastened here to the upright frame 122 either temporarily or permanently. According to FIG. 9, the shears 100 are in an operating position when there is no connection between the adjusting member 10 of the device 1 and a tie rod 108 accommodated in the blade drum 104.
(40) Irrespective of the manner of fastening the device 1 to the upright frame 122 according to FIG. 9, it is possible with such an arrangement of the device 1 to couple the adjusting member 10 by means of a connecting rod 11 to a tie rod 108, which is accommodated within the blade drum 104, by the connecting rod 11 being both fastened to a contact block 114 assigned to the tie rod 108 and being connected to the actuating pin 12. This is shown in the illustration of FIG. 10 with regard to the lower blade drum 104 which is positioned about its axis of rotation in such a manner that a longitudinal axis of the tie rod 108 is aligned with a connecting section in the direction of the adjusting member 10. After the connecting rod 11, as shown, between the adjusting member 10 and the contact block 114 has been attached to the outer side 105 of the blade drum 104, the actuation of the adjusting member 10 can be transmitted, in the same manner as explained above, by the connecting rod 11 to the tie rod 108 in order to move the tie rod 108 in the direction of action B in order to release the blades.
(41) FIG. 11 shows a variant of the embodiment of FIG. 10, in which a separate device 1 is provided adjacent to the upper blade drum 104. This has the advantage that a change of the blades is possible simultaneously for the upper and lower measuring drums 104 of the shears 100.
(42) With regard to the blades 102, it should be pointed out that said blades can have an elongate extent, for example in the form of a blade bar. Accordingly, for this case, a plurality of bores 110 are formed in a blade drum 104, said bores being formed along the center axis of the blade drum 104 in a row and parallel to one another. Then, as explained, a tie rod 108 for clamping the blade 102 is accommodated in each of said bores 110. In accordance with the longitudinal extent of the blade 102, the device 1 likewise has a longitudinal extent, with a plurality of adjusting members 10 which can each be fastened to the contact blocks 114 which are assigned to the individual bores 110. A rapid change of the blades 102, even in the form of blade bars, is thereby ensured.
(43) With regard to all of the above-explained embodiments of the invention, it should be pointed out that the shears 100 can be used in a hot band mill for producing flat-rolled steel, and therefore serve for cutting band material or rolled band. The shears 100 can nonetheless also be used for cutting other materials.
(44) FIG. 12 shows a variant of the embodiment of FIG. 1, in which the device 1 can be attached to the blade carrier of another type of shears, for the purpose of releasing a blade as explained above. This embodiment is suitable, for example, for pendulum shears and crank shears. Otherwise, the functioning principle of this embodiment is based on that of the embodiment of FIG. 2, and therefore reference should be made thereto in order to avoid repetition.
(45) FIG. 13 shows a variant of the embodiment of FIG. 2, in which the device 1 is designed in such a manner that a tensile force is exerted by the adjusting member 10 of the device 1 in order to override the pretensioning of the tie rod 108. In this case, a blind hole 124 (FIG. 13, illustration at the top) is formed in the measuring drum 104, into which blind hole a release clip 128 (FIG. 13, illustration at the bottom) can be introduced, to which the adjusting member 10 is attached. In this embodiment, the adjusting member can comprise a screw 22 which interacts with an actuating pin 12. The actuating pin 12 is coupleable, for example, in a form-fitting manner to an additional element 128 which can be connected, for example via a quarter turn connection, to the screw 116 of the tie rod 108, or alternatively to the clamping piece 118. In this manner, when the screw 22 is actuated, a tensile force can be applied to the tie rod 108, for the purpose of releasing the blade 102. It should be pointed out at this juncture, that in this embodiment, the adjusting member 10 can alternatively also be designed in the form of a hydraulic cylinder, as, for example, in the embodiment of FIG. 2.
LIST OF REFERENCES
(46) 1 Device 10 Adjusting member 11 Connecting rod 12 Actuating pin 14 Hydraulic cylinder 16 Piston 20 Form-fitting connecting rod 24 Supporting plate 28 Adjusting element 30 First wedge surface 32 Second wedge surface 34 Actuator 100 Shears 102 Blade 104 Blade carrier 105 Outer side 106 Force accumulator 108 Tie rod 110 Bore 112 Base element 114 Contact block 122 Form-fitting connecting rod 124 Blind hole 126 Release clip 128 Additional element A Direction of action (axial direction) of the force accumulator 106 B Direction of action (axial direction) of the adjusting member 10 D Axis transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis L Longitudinal axis
