Process for maximizing speed of marine vessels propelled by natural renewable energy by managing the harvesting, storage and re-use of natural energy

Abstract

A marine vessel can be propelled by using wind or solar energy. This propulsion results in the forward movement and six degrees of motion (roll, heave, pitch, yaw, surge, and sway) of the marine vessel. This invention capitalizes on the fact that solar, wind and wave energy are cyclical by nature. The present invention enables the vessel to manage stored and harvested energy from these energy sources and use the stored energy during periods when the external natural sources of energy are not available in adequate quantities to maintain a reasonable speed of advance for the marine vessel. The vessel's natural energy management system (NEMS) manages it in such a way that harvesting of the energy during high energy cycles, storing it and using it when needed during low external energy cycles, allows a marine vessel to maintain faster average speed without reliance on any fossil or chemical fuel and by only using renewable energy sources.

Claims

1. A process or method where an improved marine vessel is comprised of; a floating structure which has at least one energy capturing device; a motor/generator that acts as a propeller to propel and as a regenerative device to harvest energy; an energy storage device to serve as a storage bank that could be used when external energy sources such as wind and solar are not at peak; an energy management and control system that monitors and controls energy production, storage and expenditure to maximize the vessel speed over the range; whereby said marine vessel uses said technologies and processes integrated to create a zero emission, zero fossil or chemical fueled marine vessel which has an improved speed, where the speed over a long course is significantly increased exploiting the cyclical availability of external wind and solar energy. During high wind and solar energy cycles, significant energy is harvested at a minor compromise to vessel speed and during low wind and solar energy cycles the system expends the harvested energy to significantly increase the average speed over the course. When this happens, relatively little energy is expended to gain a significant increase in speed and distance. This is possible by applying the speed/power characteristics of marine vessel by exploiting the marine engineering principles which allows the use of available energy harvested from external sources more effectively and thus increasing the speed of the vessel.

2. A process involving marine vessel of claim 1, wherein said marine vessel's propulsion system can harvest wind energy through the motor generator from the forward motion of the vessel, store it and use it to increase average vessel speed when winds are not as favorable.

3. A process involving marine vessel of claim 1, wherein said marine vessel uses six degrees of freedom motion in the water (pitch, roll, yaw, heave, surge and sway) to harvest energy using a mechanism that converts the rolling, pitching, etc. motion of the marine craft into energy.

4. A process in which a marine vessel of claim 1, wherein said marine vessel system uses Rim Driven Thrusters or propellers to harvest energy from the water on which it moves as well as propel the marine vessel.

5. A process in which a marine vessel of claim 1, wherein said system combines a low resistance hull form like a fine single or multihull vessel, super slender, or planning hull form with a wind energy harvesting, storage and regenerative propulsion system to create a higher speed, longer range marine vessel which can make faster speeds without reliance on of fossil or chemical fuels.

6. A process in which a marine vessel of claim 1, combines harvested wind and solar energy for storage on board a marine vessel for re-use when wind and sun cycles have low energy yield.

7. A process in which a marine vessel of claim 1, wherein said vessel uses an energy management and control system which optimizes the energy harvesting process on a marine vessel.

8. A process in which a marine vessel of claim 1, wherein said vessel has a management and control system which optimizes the Flettner rotor rotational speed on a marine vessel to exploit maximum wind energy usage to gain maximum vessel speed and maximize energy harvesting by changing the rotor speed automatically to optimize wind usage.

9. A process in which a marine vessel of claim 1, wherein said vessel has a management and control system which can use multiple Flettner rotors to change the direction of a marine vessel, by rotating different rotors at different rotational speeds and in different directions.

10. A process in which a marine vessel of claim 1, wherein said vessel has a method of applying energy harvested by autonomous naval surface or underwater vehicles to extend its autonomy using the principles in this invention.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

[0018] FIG. 1 is a typical Speed/Power curve of the marine vessel which forms the basis of the present invention;

[0019] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of one type of marine vessel (twin hull vessel with Flettner rotors and solar panels) using the present invention;

[0020] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a common sailboat which can also use the present invention;

[0021] FIG. 4 is a front view of a twin hull vessel which can use the present invention;

[0022] FIG. 5 is an image of a naval autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) which can use retractable Flettner rotors 2 and regenerative propellers 5 to gain extended autonomy using the present invention;

[0023] FIG. 6 is a top view of a single hull of a marine vessel in FIG. 2 of the present invention with retractable regenerative propellers, which can be used to harvest energy underway, and propel the vessel during low energy cycles;

[0024] FIG. 7 is an energy flow diagram of harvesting of energy during high natural energy available cycles;

[0025] FIG. 8 is an energy flow diagram of expending harvested energy during low natural energy available cycles;

[0026] FIG. 9 is process flow chart for the harvesting, storing and utilization of harvested natural energy;

[0027] FIG. 10 is Natural Energy Management System (NEMS) Central Processing Unit that links different sources of power generators and power consumers; and

[0028] FIG. 11 is a graphical representation of vessel operation during varying wind or solar cycles;

REFERENCE NUMERALS IN THE DRAWINGS

[0029] 1 Disc attached on the top of each rotor [0030] 2 Flettner rotors (which act as mechanical sails) [0031] 3 Solar panels [0032] 4 Hull [0033] 5 Regenerative propellers [0034] 6 Battery bank [0035] 7 Electric motor/generator [0036] 8 Water flow causing power generation to charge batteries [0037] 9 Energy harvest storage rate [0038] 10 Stored energy depletion rate supplementing speed [0039] 11 Canvas or foil sail [0040] 12 Flettner electric motor [0041] 13 Speed gain from use of stored energy [0042] 14 Speed loss in energy harvest mode [0043] 15 Magnetic levitation of rotors to reduce friction

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0044] FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, show a twin hull marine vessel with four vertical Flettner rotors 2, to which a disc 1 is attached on the top of each rotor. These Flettner rotors 2 are used as means of a propulsion force using the Magnus principle to push the marine vessel's hull 4 forward in the water in a desired direction, much like the way a sail acts as a driving force on a sailboat FIG. 3. To harvest energy from the forward motion of the vessel, and to propel the vessel when needed, regenerative propellers 5 are located on the side of each hull of the multi hull vessel FIG. 4 or under a mono hull FIG. 3 to harvest energy from the flowing water 8, like a hydraulic turbine, when the marine vessel's hull 4 is in forward motion due to the driving force from the wind. Solar panels augment the energy produced for vessel's use. The combined excess energy is channeled by a natural energy management system (NEMS) into an energy storage device such as a battery bank 6, or fuel cells located at the bottom of the marine vessel near the keel. The dense batteries or energy storage device 6 close to the keel also serves to lower the center of gravity of the marine vessel, increasing the marine vessel's stability and safety, and also allowing for maximum energy harvesting from wind for faster propulsion and thus increasing the ability to harvest energy from the flowing water. Each regenerative propeller 5 can also provide propulsion to the vessel during low external energy cycles through a regenerative motor. The energy management system does this when the benefits of winds and sun are low and energy harvesting is impractical FIG. 1. The same propellers 5 attached to the same regenerative motor harvest energy for storage with the motor in regenerative mode, when the winds are high.

[0045] In more detail, still referring to the invention of FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, Flettner rotors 2 will create a driving force using the Magnus Effect, a phenomenon occurring when a spherical or cylindrical object rotates in a flowing fluid stream 8, resulting in a lifting force on the object perpendicular to the fluid-flow. Hence, the Flettner rotors 2 create the same effect as a canvas sail or foil sail 11 would on a vessel FIG. 3, but with a larger range of control.

[0046] The regenerative propellers 5 can be propulsion thrusters such as Rim Driven Thrusters which do not have hubs or axial shafts at the center which help reduce additional drag either in driving or in driven mode or other types of propellers that can act as turbines in the regeneration mode. The regenerative propellers 5 work like turbines when placed in a stream of water. The forward motion of the marine vessel's hull 4 with respect to the water creates the said stream of water, thus driving a propulsion device in a hydraulic energy gathering mode such as the regenerative propeller 5 which produces electricity. A standard propeller properly designed for such function on a common sailboat FIG. 2, would have the same effect.

[0047] In the example of FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, Solar panels 3 are positioned on the upper deck and cover most of the vessel's surface area exposed to sunlight, producing additional energy for harvesting which is stored in the battery bank 6.

[0048] In more detail, referring to the application of this invention in FIG. 7, during suitable wind speeds and when energy harvesting is ideal FIG. 1, electric energy is stored in the batteries 6 and flows to the natural energy management system (NEMS); it is directed to the motors 12 in the Flettner rotors 2 ensuing their controllable rotational speeds and through the Magnus Effect, results in the forward motion of the marine vessel's hull 4.

[0049] The forward motion of the marine vessel's hull 4 allows the water to flow 8 through the energy harvesting regenerative propellers 5 causing them to rotate and drive the motor in a generation mode to produce electricity. The electrical energy produced by the regenerative propellers 5 and the solar panels 3 is collected by the natural energy management system (NEMS) and is fed back to the battery bank 6.

[0050] Referring to the invention in FIG. 8, during unsuitable wind speeds and when energy harvesting is impractical FIG. 1, electric energy stored in the batteries 6 is managed by the natural energy management system (NEMS); it is then directed to the regenerative propellers 5. The driving thrust produced by the propellers, when added to any thrust being provided by the rotors 2 due to the wind, will combine to give higher speeds to the marine vessel's hull 4.

[0051] Excess electric energy produced is directed to a natural energy management system (NEMS) which then stores it in a battery bank 6 located at the lowest space of the hull FIG. 4. This configuration will provide a low center of gravity and improved vessel stability. Batteries 6 are modular and are stored in a cellular grid where they can be easily accessed for maintenance and replacement. The charge and discharge cycles are monitored by the EMS to increase battery life time.

[0052] FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 show the logic involved in the decision making further complemented by real time weather data obtained from the satellite or internet. If the weather is favorable, the vessel is operated in regeneration model where energy is harvested, however if the weather is not favorable stored energy is used to increase the vessel speed.

[0053] Also, FIG. 11 shows varying wind and solar cycles respectively. When there is high wind, the vessel is moved forward by the flettner rotors and the propeller is used to regenerate power which charges the batteries. During the low wind cycles, the stored energy is used to increase vessel speed. This process repeated will result in an overall increase in forward vessel speed. A similar process is applied to the solar cycles (day or night/sunny or cloudy) to improve vessel overall speed depending on energy storage and energy expenditure. The only difference is there is no speed reduction during power generation as the energy is produced by solar panels.

[0054] While the foregoing written description of the invention enables one of ordinary skill to make and use what is considered presently to be the best mode thereof, those of ordinary skill will understand and appreciate the existence of variations, combinations, and equivalents of the specific embodiment, method, and examples herein. The invention should therefore not be limited by the above described embodiment, method, and examples, but by all embodiments and methods within the scope and spirit of the invention.