Vortex device for disintegrating material

Abstract

A vortex device for disintegrating a material is intended for preparing fine powders. The device includes a cylinder-like housing (1) having a first inlet aperture (2) and secondary inlet apertures (4) for delivering an energy carrier. Outlet apertures (6) and (7) are disposed in the wall of the housing (1) and in the bottom, and a loading aperture (5) is disposed in a cover. The inlet apertures (2, 4) are configured along the full height of a side wall of the cylinder-like housing (1), moreover, the first inlet aperture (2) is oriented at a lesser angle relative to the radius of the housing (1) than at least two secondary apertures (4) and is opposed to the latter in terms of the direction of delivery of the energy carrier about the axis of the housing. Vortex generators (3) are disposed next to the secondary inlet apertures (4).

Claims

1. A vortex device for disintegrating material, which contains a cylinder-like housing, in the side wall of which the first and second inlet apertures for the energy carrier are made, which are inclined opposite to one relative to the direction of rotation around the axis of the cylinder-like housing, the outlet aperture for the energy carrier and the crushed material contains a cover, in which the loading aperture is made, and the bottom, as well as n elements of the swirl of the energy flow, which is different in that the inlet apertures for the energy carrier is made essentially to the entire height of the side wall of the cylinder-like housing, the first input aperture for the energy carrier are inclined to the radius of the side wall of the cylinder-like housing at an angle that is less than the angle of inclination to this radius of at least two second apertures for the energy carrier, the bottom additionally contains at least three outlet apertures, which located around the axis of the cylinder-like housing.

2. The vortex device according to claim 1, is different in that the second energy carrier inlet apertures are located in the direction of rotation of the carrier passed through them, essentially close to each of the n swirls, which are located on the inner surface of the side wall of the cylinder-like housing.

3. The vortex device according to claim 1, is different in that at least one first inlet aperture for the energy carrier is configured to communicate with the first generator of the energy carrier, at least two second inlet apertures for the energy carrier are configured to communicate with the second generator of the energy carrier, which is at least four times less power from the first energy generator.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS OF THE INVENTION

[0015] In FIG. 1 schematically shows the inventive vortex device for grinding material in a transverse cross-section;

[0016] FIG. 2 schematically shows the vortex device in a vertical cross-section.

DETAIL DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

[0017] The vortex device for grinding material contains a cylinder-like housing 1 with a first inlet aperture 2 for energy carrier, which is inclined to the radius of the cylinder-like housing 1 at an angle . The swirls 3 are located evenly around the axis of the cylinder-like housing 1 and behind each of them in the direction of movement of the energy carrier from the first inlet aperture 2 there is a second inlet aperture 4 for the energy carrier. The angle of inclination of each second inlet aperture 4 for the energy carrier to the radius of the cylinder-like housing 1 is greater than the angle . The loading aperture 5 is located in the middle of the cover of the cylinder-like housing 1. The outlet aperture 6 for the energy carrier and crushed material is located in the side wall of the cylinder-like housing 1 close to the inlet aperture 2 from the side that is opposite to the direction of movement of the energy carrier from it. The bottom contains three outlet apertures 7, which are located around the axis of the cylinder-like housing 1. Apertures 2, 4, 6 and 7 are connected to pipes, which are not shown in the figure.

[0018] The proposed vortex device for grinding material works in this way.

[0019] Through the first energy carrier inlet aperture 2, a jet of gas carrier, for example air, is supplied to a cylinder-like housing 1, for example, which forms a first circulating stream in this housing in the direction of the arrow in this hole. Through the second energy carrier inlet apertures 4, a jet of the same gas carrier is fed into a cylinder-like housing 1, forms a second circulating flow in this housing in a direction that is opposite to the direction of the first circulating flow. Due to the difference in the angles and of the slope of the first and second inlet apertures 2 and 4 for the energy carrier, the second circulating stream is located near the side wall of the cylinder-like housing 1, and the first circulating stream is in close proximity to the second circulating stream from the center of the cylinder-like housing 1.

[0020] In order for the first circulating stream to perform the function of a vortex grinder, its power is at least four times powerful of the second circulating stream. Moreover, in the swirls 3 under the influence of the first circulating flow, strong rarefaction zones are formed, which cause the formation of local powerful vortices with a speed in local space that is close to the speed of sound.

[0021] The crushed material enters through the loading aperture 5 into the cavity of the cylinder-like housing 1 and rotates around its central axis under the action of the first circulating stream. Crossing the vortex zones, the material being crushed is intensively destroyed and most of it with larger particles of powder exits in the form of powder through the outlet aperture 6. The other part of the finer powder exits through the outlet aperture 7. Because of the counteraction of the second circulating stream, the material being crushed for the whole time grinding does not penetrate into the wall region near the side wall of the cylinder-like housing 1. Due to the location of the inlet apertures 4 near the swirls 3, the vortex regions formed by them, which have the property of expanding, do not reach the side wall of the cylinder-like housing 1 through reaction from the energy flow from these holes. As a result, the side walls of the cylinder-like housing 1 are protected from destruction, the crushed material is much less clogged with impurities of the material of the cylinder-like housing 1, which improves the quality of the proposed device.

[0022] The proposed vortex device for grinding material is made in the form of a prototype, which has been successfully tested in the manufacture of various fine powders.