Distribution head of a gravimetric loading system for bulk materials

Abstract

A distribution head of a gravimetric loading system for spreadable bulk materials with a rotatably driven spreader plate, which is composed of a bottom side base plate, which is connected in the central region with the one end of a drive shaft and on which a number of blades evenly distributed on the circumference and with their blade edges approximately in a radially outward direction is arranged. The blade edges of blades are interrupted in the direction of the central axial drive shaft and thus a ring channel extending in the axial direction and free from structures is formed, which channel forms an additional filling and receiving space for the bulk material to be distributed.

Claims

1. A distribution head of a gravimetric loading system for spreadable bulk materials, the distribution head comprising: a rotatably driven spreader plate the spreader plate comprising a bottom side base plate having a central region connected to one end of a central axial drive shaft and a plurality of blades evenly distributed on a circumference of the base plate, the plurality of blades having blade edges arranged approximately in a radially outward direction, wherein the blade edges are interrupted in direction of the central axial drive shaft and comprise a ring channel extending in an axial direction and free from structures and providing an additional filling and receiving space for the bulk materials to be distributed, wherein a plurality of partial flows is formed on the spreader plate and an inner central radially and outwardly directed partial flow accelerates other radially further outward positioned partial flows and improves casting distance and casting height of the plurality of partial flows.

2. The distribution head of claim 1, wherein the blade edges of blades are positioned with an offset, eccentrically with respect to the longitudinal central axis of the drive shaft and form a radial distance in the direction of the outer circumference of the spreader plate shaft.

3. The distribution head of claim 1, wherein a transition gap is positioned between a lower edge of an inlet channel, which is formed by an inner conical pipe and an upper side of the spreader plate, wherein an inflowing filling flow passing through the channel flows freely and thus impinges axially from above onto the spreader plate.

4. The distribution head of claim 1, wherein the plurality of partial flows having different directions is formed on a respective upper entraining edge of the respective blade.

5. The distribution head of claim 1, wherein an inner partial flow, which is directed obliquely outwards and upwards is formed in the axial free-standing ring channel.

6. The distribution head of claim 5, wherein a respective oblique and outwardly directed spreading ramp is arranged on a bottom of the base plate, which is associated with a respective blade, which, starting from a bottom-side impingement point, deflects the inner partial flow radially and obliquely outwardly and upwardly.

7. The distribution head of claim 1, wherein an entraining surface adjoins in an axial and downward direction the entraining edge of the respective blade, said entraining surface being obliquely offset with respect to a central longitudinal axis of a spreader plate shaft.

8. The distribution head of claim 1, wherein, starting from a horizontal entraining edge of each respective blade, an entraining underlying surface adjoins the horizontal entraining edge in an axial direction and said entraining underlying surface is directed obliquely towards an outside circumference of the spreader plate.

Description

(1) The invention is explained in the following by means of drawings which show only one way to put the same into practice. In particular, further characteristics and advantages of the invention may be obtained from the drawing and the corresponding description.

(2) In particular:

(3) FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a gravimetric loading system for bulk materials,

(4) FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a distribution head during the filling process in operating position,

(5) FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the arrangement in the direction of arrow III in FIG. 2,

(6) FIG. 4 shows a side view of a spreader plate,

(7) FIG. 5 shows a section along line AA in FIG. 4,

(8) FIG. 6 shows in the direction of the line VI-VI of FIG. 7 with a partial representation of the blades,

(9) FIG. 7 shows a plan view of the arrangement in the direction of arrow VII of FIG. 6,

(10) FIGS. 8-10 show various perspective representations of a spreader plate.

(11) FIG. 1 generally shows a gravimetric loading system for bulk materials, which is essentially composed of a container 1 containing the bulk material, and which is led via a cellular wheel sluice 2 or another closing member on a distributor 3.

(12) The distributor 3 is connected to a number of distributor pipes 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, and all distributor pipes open in a central moving unit, which is horizontally movable in the direction of arrows 6.

(13) The moving unit 5 allocates, for each distributor pipe 4a-d, an associated inlet head 7, so that each distributor pipe 4 is connected to a respective inlet head 7 through a material fit.

(14) For clarity, however, a plurality of inlet heads 7, 7, 7 is shown, representing different displaced positions of a single inlet head 7.

(15) In the drawing it is not shown, that one end of a telescopic pipe 8a-b is connected on the outlet side to each inlet head 7, wherein the length of the telescopic pipe may be changed.

(16) It is only shown that various telescopic pipes 8a-8b are provided and that each telescopic pipe is respectively connected with a material fit to an inlet head.

(17) Each telescopic pipe 8 opens into an inventive distribution head 20, which in the example of FIG. 1 is applied on the opened dome lid opening 11 (see FIG. 2).

(18) The filling container 10 in the example shown is a freight car, although the invention is not limited thereto. Any filling container 10a-d may be positioned in any transport container. One or more dome lids 9 are associated to the respective filling container 10a-d, and in the example shown in FIG. 1, it may be seen, that the filling of the filling container 10a may be accomplished either through the telescopic pipe 8a or through the telescopic pipe 8a.

(19) The positional representation of both telescopic pipes 8a, 8a symbolically represents the maximally displaced positions of a telescopic pipe 8a. It may thus occupy either position 8a or the maximum other position 8a.

(20) It is not important for the invention that the moving unit 5 is provided with a displacement in the direction 6 of arrows. A rigid connection between the distributor pipes 4 and an associated inventive distribution head 20 may also be provided.

(21) The filling occurs gravimetrically, i.e. the bulk material is supplied from the container 1 to the associated distribution head 20 only by gravity.

(22) FIG. 2 shows the inventive distribution head 20 in its filling position. It is essentially composed of the outer pipe 22, which has a centering cone, with which the outer pipe 22 is centered on the dome lid opening 11. The connection area between pipes 22, 23 is sealed.

(23) An inner conical pipe 27 is inserted radially inward, through which the filling flow 16 passes.

(24) A ring channel 25, through which the air escaping from the filling container 10 escapes upwardly in the direction of arrow 26 and reaches a filter bag 18 through a venting sleeve 17, is formed on the outer circumference of the inner conical pipe 27 in the direction of the inner circumference of pipes 22, 23.

(25) The rotating drive of the inventive spreader plate 40 is provided by a drive motor, which is connected on the outside to a flange plate 28 of the distribution head 20, and which rotatably drives, via a flat belt 14, the drive shaft 21 of the spreader plate 40.

(26) The drive shaft 21 is rotatably supported in two separately positioned bearings 19, and is non-rotatably connected to the spreader plate 40.

(27) In order to protect the drive shaft 21 against the inflowing filling flow 16, a tapered covering cone 15 is provided.

(28) The inner conical pipe 27 has a restricted supply channel 31, which is exactly centered on the spreader plate 40.

(29) The diameter of the supply channel 31 is smaller than the outer diameter of the spreader plate, as in particular shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4.

(30) Between the inner pipe 23 and the outer pipe 22 a position sensor 29 is positioned, which detects the mutual displacement of both pipes and thus determines whether the distribution head 20 is in its centered operating position on the dome lid opening 11 of the filling container 10a and the spreader plate 40 is free.

(31) Moreover, on the outer circumference of the inner conical pipe 27 a filling level transducer 30 is positioned, which is shown in FIG. 2 in two different positions 30, 30. Its optical viewing axis looks into the inner space of the filling container 10a passing along the spreader plate 40 and determines the fill level in the filling container.

(32) This is preferably a capacitively operating fill level transducer 30.

(33) The inventive spreader plate 40 in the example is preferably composed of four tangential and eccentrical blades 32, 33, 34, 35, which are offset with respect to the longitudinal central axis of the drive shaft 21, and which generate partial flows separate from each other, as schematically shown in FIG. 2.

(34) It is important that in the circumferential area of the drive shaft 21, a ring channel 43 is formed, which is filled with filling materialin addition to the state of the art, and which generates a partial flow 39 of spreadable material, which is directed obliquely outwards and upwards, as shown in FIG. 2.

(35) This oblique outwardly and upwardly directed partial flow 39 engages the radial further outward formed partial flows 36-38 from beneath, thus forming a supporting cushion for partial flows 36-38 and increasing the spreading distance.

(36) This is new and was not known in previous known spreader plates.

(37) Moreover, between the lower edge of the supply channel 31, which is formed through the inner conical pipe 27 and the upper side of the spreader plate 40 a transition gap 54 is formed, through which the inflowing filling flow 16 freely flows and thus impinges from above axially on the spreader plate 40.

(38) FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the arrangement of FIG. 2, where same parts are provided with the same reference numeral.

(39) It may be recognized that the outer diameter of the spreader plate 40 is chosen larger than the inner diameter of the inner conical pipe 27 in the region of the supply channel 31, in order to ensure that a centered concentrated filling flow 16 from the inner conical pipe 27 is generated.

(40) In FIGS. 4-7, an inventive spreader plate 40 is shown in detail, wherein different sections are provided for clarifying the operation.

(41) Initially, Figures show that the spreader plate shaft 45 extends as a round profiled shaft to the base plate 53 of the spreader plate 40 and is there connected thereto in a non-rotatable way.

(42) The individual blades 32-35 form radially inwards with their vertical blade edges 52 a radial distance 57 in the direction of the outer circumference of the spreader plate shaft 45, so thataround the outer circumference of the shaft of the spreader plate 45a ring channel 43 is formed, which axially extends over the entire height of the spreader plate 40, and which forms according to the invention an additional absorption volume for the filling flow 16 inflowing in that position, which was not known in the state of the art.

(43) For this reason, the absorption volume of such a spreader plate 40 may be considerably increased with respect to the known embodiments, since in the state of the art, in the circumferential area of the spreader plate shaft, a distribution cone or another voluminous body is always placed, which prevents an additional absorption volume in this area.

(44) FIG. 4 shows that initially the volume of the filling flow 16, which is directed in a centered way to the spreader plate is subdivided, according to the invention, in various partial flows, wherein these partial flows 36-39 are initially functionally separated from each other.

(45) A respective different partial flow 36-39 is thus formed at the respective upper entraining edge 42 of the respective blade 32-35.

(46) In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 4, it may be recognized that on the radially outer side of the entraining edge 42 a first partial flow 36 is formed in that a part of the filling flow 16 occurs at an impingement point 36a of the entraining edge 42 and is deflected there in the horizontal direction, in order to form a radially outward directed partial flow 36.

(47) A second partial flow 37 is formed by the impingement point 37a on the entraining edge 42 and is also deflected radially and outwardly, as explained by means of the following still to be described blade surfaces.

(48) A third partial flow 38 is radially deflected at impingement point 38a on the entraining edge 42 and leaves the spreader plate in the radial direction.

(49) It is now important that a further inner partial flow 39 is formed within the ring channel 43, whereincorresponding to the previous descriptionno impingement point is present on the entraining edge 42 of a blade 32-35, while this partial flow 39 drops in the axial direction along the outer circumference of the spreader plate shaft 45 downwards and reaches the bottom of the base plate 53 on a bottom-side impingement point 39a, which deflects the partial flow 39 radially, obliquely and outwardly.

(50) The oblique outwardly directed deflection occurs because at the impingement point 39a on the bottom side an oblique upwardly directed spreading ramp 51 is connected, on which the partial flow 39 (on the spreading ramp 51) is centrifuged outwardly and upwardly. The oblique partial flow 39, directed from the downside to the upside engages the other partial flows 36-38 from beneath, supports them and thus increases the flying distance and flying height of all particles which are centrifuged by the spreader plate 40.

(51) The partial flow 39 thus forms a supporting cushion made of granular particles of the filling flow, which, as a so called flying carpet, engages the other partial flows 36-38 from beneath, supports them and thus extends the spreading distance.

(52) It is still to be noted that the radially most outward positioned partial flow 36 with its impingement point 36a experiences a shorter permanence on the spreader plate 40, than the inward partial flow 39 with its radial inwardly positioned partial flow 38a.

(53) The casting distance of the outer partial flows 36 is thus relatively shorter than the casting distance of the radially inward directed partial flows 38, so that the partial flow 39 forming the supporting carpet supports the farthest flying and high accelerated partial flow 38, and this partial flow supports the less accelerated further partial flows 36.

(54) When, in order to clarify the description, four different partial flows 36-39 are indicated, this is intended only to be illustrative. In reality a flow band is provided with a volumetric flow, so that partial flows are defined only in order to clarify the description.

(55) FIG. 5 shows that the radially inward directed blade edges form a tangential edge 55, which forms a distance 56 to the outer circumference of the spreader plate shaft 45. They are thus offset with respect to the center of rotation of the spreader plate shaft 45. Thus, the filling volume of the ring channel 43 is increased.

(56) The ring channel according to FIG. 5 is formed by the radial distance 57, which is formed from the outer circumference of the spreader plate shaft 45 to the inner edge (blade edge 52) of the respective blade 32-35.

(57) It is to be noted that in FIG. 5, the direction of rotation of the spreader plate is indicated in the direction of arrow 41.

(58) The entraining edge 42 forming the impingement points 36a-38a of the respective blade 32-35 is connected, in the axial direction, downwards an entraining surface 44, which is obliquely offset with respect to the central longitudinal axis of the spreader plate shaft 45.

(59) In order to simplify the description, only the structure of a single blade 32 is described, since all blades 32-35 are formed exactly in the same way and have the same configuration. The description of a blade 32 is thus also valid for all other blades. In another embodiment, however, also a 22 arrangement with different blade shapes could be present.

(60) An entraining surface 44, which in FIG. 4 is shown as directed obliquely in the outward direction, is connected axially to and originates from beneath the horizontal entraining edge 42 (see FIG. 6).

(61) The oblique outwardly directed entraining surface 44 is used for additional acceleration of the flow, which leaves the spreader plate in the radial direction.

(62) A vertical blade edge 52 is provided, which inwardly delimits the respective blade 32 and represents the radially outwardly directed delimitation of the inventive ring channel 53.

(63) The partial flow 59 is intended to be the furthest radially inner centered partial flow 39, which according to FIG. 6 impinges directly on a flat surface of the bottom plate 53, while the radially further outwardly positioned part of the partial flow impinges in the ring channel 53 on the initial part of the spreading ramp on the edge 51a and is accelerated in a radial outward direction over the spreading edge 51 by this edge 51a.

(64) A vertical blade surface 46, which is delimited radially outwardly by a vertical delimitation line 47, is connected axially and from beneath to the entraining surface 44.

(65) A transition region 50 is provided, which is directed radially outwards from the vertical delimitation line 47 and which is formed by an oblique transition region 50 formed by a further transition region 50 which is obliquely angled with respect to the same.

(66) The transition regions 50, 50 are adjacent to the blade surfaces 49, wherein the blade surface is delimited by an edge 49a. The upper delimitation is provided in the lower edge 48.

(67) Instead of the blade shape shown herein of blades 32-35, which are composed of blade surfaces, which are angled to each other, also other blade shapes may obviously be used, which are not delimited from each other by straight edges, but have a spherical curvature.

(68) The spreading ramp 51 has an edge 51a. The edge is directed obliquely outwards and is formed like a ramp and ends with a radially outward external edge 51b.

(69) A transition region 51c exists on the spreading ramp 51, which improves the spreading effect of the spreading ramp 51 due to a spherical or arcuate surface.

(70) According to FIG. 10, it is formed by a cut-out metal sheet, which has an approximately triangular shape and abuts flush with its radial edge 51c on the vertical entraining surface 44 of the respective blade 32-35 and rises from radially inside to radially outside. The radially inner edge 51a extends from the vertical blade edge 52 obliquely outwards (see FIG. 8) towards the outer circumferential edge of the base plate 53. The radial inner delimiting edge of the spreading ramp 51 is thus adjacent to the inner vertical blade edge 52, so that the radially inner space of the spreader plate 40 is free from structurestowards the spreader plate shaft 45.

(71) Therefore, the spreading ramp 51 is a triangular sheet metal cutout, which is in an oblique plane above the plane of the base plate 53 and is connected thereto and only the edge of the metal sheet cutout adjacent to the vertical blade edge 52 rises obliquely over the plane of the base plate 53 in a radial direction (see FIG. 10).

(72) In FIGS. 8 to 10, the spreader plate 40 is shown from three different perspectives. The previous descriptions are also valid for the parts shown therein.

(73) It may be recognized, that the blades 32-35 are made of relatively thin metal sheet cutouts, so that their volume does hardly reduce the axial filling volume (absorption volume) of the spreader plate 40. Similarly, the inner ring channel 43 formed in the radial circumferential region of the drive shaft 21 forms a large absorption volume for the filling material, which is flowing in an axial direction parallel to the drive shaft 21.

LEGEND OF THE DRAWINGS

(74) 1 container

(75) 2 cellular wheel sluice

(76) 3 distributor

(77) 4a distributor pipe

(78) 4b distributor pipe

(79) 4c distributor pipe

(80) 4d distributor pipe

(81) 5 moving unit

(82) 6 arrow direction

(83) 7 inlet head

(84) 8 telescopic pipe

(85) 8a telescopic pipe

(86) 8b telescopic pipe

(87) 9 dome lid

(88) 10 filling container

(89) 10a filling container

(90) 10b filling container

(91) 10c filling container

(92) 10d filling container

(93) 11 dome lid opening

(94) 12 freight car

(95) 13 drive motor

(96) 14 flat belt

(97) 15 covering cone

(98) 16 filling flow

(99) 17 venting sleeve

(100) 18 filter bag

(101) 19 bearing

(102) 20 distributor head

(103) 21 drive shaft

(104) 22 outer pipe

(105) 23 inner pipe

(106) 24 arrow direction

(107) 25 ring channel

(108) 26 arrow direction

(109) 27 inner conical pipe

(110) 28 flange plate

(111) 29 position sensor

(112) 30 filling level transducer

(113) 31 supply channel

(114) 32 blade

(115) 33 blade

(116) 34 blade

(117) 35 blade

(118) 36 partial flow a impingement point

(119) 37 partial flow a impingement point

(120) 38 partial flow a impingement point

(121) 39 partial flow a impingement point

(122) 40 spreader plate

(123) 41 arrow direction

(124) 42 entraining edge

(125) 43 ring channel

(126) 44 entraining surface

(127) 45 spreader plate shaft

(128) 46 blade surface (vertical)

(129) 47 delimitation line

(130) 48 lower edge

(131) 49 blade surface

(132) 49a blade surface

(133) 50 transition region

(134) 50a transition region

(135) 51 spreading ramp

(136) 51a edge

(137) 51b outer edge

(138) 51c transition region

(139) 52 blade edge

(140) 53 base plate

(141) 54 transition gap

(142) 55 tangential edge

(143) 56 distance (tangential)

(144) 57 radial distance

(145) 58 edge

(146) 59 partial flow