System for conveying pasty material

Abstract

A system for conveying pasty material through a conduit has an eccentric screw pump having a stator, a rotor that rotates in the stator, a housing with an intake port, and an output port connected to the conduit. A drive rotates the rotor and thereby draws the pasty material in through the intake port and expels the drawn-in material as a compressed-material strand into the conduit. A valve supplies gas pulses to the conduit at time intervals for separating the compressed-material strand into material plugs of limited length traveling through the conduit.

Claims

1. A system for conveying pasty material through a conduit, the system comprising: an eccentric screw pump having an elastic stator, a rotor that rotates in the stator, a housing with an intake port, and an output port connected to the conduit; drive means for rotating the rotor and thereby drawing the pasty material in through the intake port and expelling the drawn-in material as a continuous compressed-material strand into the conduit; and means including a valve for supplying compressed-air pulses to the conduit at time intervals for separating the compressed-material strand into spaced-apart material plugs of limited length and for pushing the spaced-apart material plugs with the compressed air through the conduit.

2. The conveying system defined in claim 1, wherein the eccentric screw pump is a hopper pump having a feed hopper connected to the intake port, drive means having a coupling rod with conveying tools connected to the rotor.

3. The conveying system defined in claim 1, wherein the conduit has a length of greater than 25 meters, the system further comprising: storage connected to a downstream end of the conduit.

4. The conveying system defined in claim 1, further comprising: a controller connected to and controlling the valve.

5. The conveying system defined in claim 1, further comprising: a pressure sensor connected to the conduit and to the controller for opening and closing the valve as a function of pressure in the conduit measured by the pressure sensor.

6. The conveying system defined in claim 1, further comprising: a lubricant feeder connected to the conduit between the eccentric screw pump and the supplier of pressure medium for injecting a lubricant into the conduit upstream of where the compressed air is injected into the conduit.

7. The conveying system defined in claim 6 wherein the lubricant is injected into the conduit upstream of the valve and downstream of the pump.

8. The conveying system defined in claim 1, wherein the eccentric screw pump is provided with a comminuter for the material being conveyed for comminuting whole fruits and vegetables in the material.

9. The conveying system defined in claim 1, wherein the stator is longitudinally divisible for exchange of the rotor without removal of the housing.

10. The conveying system defined in claim 1, wherein the rotor is removable from the pump without removing the housing.

11. A method of conveying pasty material through a conduit, the method comprising the steps of: pumping the material with an eccentric screw pump into an upstream end of the conduit to form therein a continuous compressed-material strand moving downstream; and injecting a pulse of compressed air into the conduit to subdivide the strand into a succession of spaced-apart material plugs of limited length and to push the spaced-apart material plugs with the compressed air downstream in the conduit.

12. The method defined in claim 11, further comprising the step of: monitoring a pressure in the conduit and injecting a one of the pulses of compressed air into the conduit when the monitored pressure exceeds a predetermined limit.

13. The method defined in claim 12, wherein the limit is 5 bar.

14. The method defined in claim 12, wherein a duration of each pulse is a function of the monitored pressure.

15. The method defined in claim 11, further comprising the step of: injecting a lubricant into the conduit generally at the upstream end thereof.

16. The method defined in claim 15, wherein the lubricant is injected into the conduit upstream of where the compressed-air pulse is injected into the conduit.

17. A method of conveying pasty material through a conduit at least 25 m long, the method comprising the steps of: pumping the material with an eccentric screw pump into an upstream end of the conduit to form therein a continuous compressed-material strand moving downstream; and injecting a pulse of compressed air into the conduit at a pressure of at most 5 bar to subdivide the strand into a succession of spaced-apart material plugs of limited length that are pushed by the compressed air downstream in the conduit.

18. A system for conveying pasty material through a conduit at least 25 m long, the system comprising: an eccentric screw pump having an elastic stator, a rotor that rotates in the stator, a housing with an intake port, and an output port connected to the conduit; drive means for rotating the rotor and thereby drawing the pasty material in through the intake port and expelling the drawn-in material as a continuous compressed-material strand into the conduit; and means including a valve for supplying compressed-air pulses at a pressure of at most 5 bar to the conduit at time intervals for separating the compressed-material strand into spaced-apart material plugs of limited length and for pushing the spaced-apart material plugs with the compressed air through the conduit.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

(1) The above and other objects, features, and advantages will become more readily apparent from the following description, reference being made to the accompanying drawing in which:

(2) FIGS. 1A-1D are small-scale side schematic views of the system of this invention in successive operational states;

(3) FIG. 2 is a small-scale side schematic view of a modified embodiment of the inventive system;

(4) FIG. 3 is an operating diagram of a system according to FIGS. 1A to 1D showing pressure in the conduit as a function of time; and

(5) FIG. 4 is a sectional detail view of an eccentric screw pump of the system according to FIGS. 1A to 1D.

SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(6) FIGS. 1A-1D show a conveying system for pasty material, for example dewatered sludge and FIG. 2 shows such a system that can be used for conveying pasty material M in for example the form of comminuted food waste.

(7) The system has as best shown in FIG. 4 an eccentric screw pump 1 having a stator 2 made of elastic material and a rotor 3 that rotates in the stator 2. Furthermore, the eccentric screw pump 1 has a suction housing 4 forming an intake port 5 at a low-pressure side to the stator and a pressure housing 6 with an output port 7 on the high-pressure side to the stator. The pump is provided with a drive 9 for the rotor 3. Further details of the construction of such an eccentric screw pump 1 will be explained below with reference to FIG. 4.

(8) The system also has a pneumatic conduit 8 that is (directly) connected to the output port 7 of the eccentric screw pump 1. This conduit 8 is connected to the output port 7 or to the pressure housing 6 such that the material M to be conveyed is forced by the eccentric screw pump 1 into the conduit as a compressed-material strand. A supplier 10 of pressure medium is also connected via a valve 11 to the conduit 8 here formed as a compressed air feed 10, with the compressed-air pulses being injectable into the conduit 8 at time intervals. With these compressed-air pulses, the compressed-material strand is separated into material plugs MP of limited length that are transported through the conduit 8. This will be discussed below in greater detail. Storage, for example a silo 20, is connected to the end, so that the material M that is fed to the eccentric screw pump 1 is conveyed through the eccentric screw pump 1 and the conduit 8 into the silo 20, particularly over a relatively long transport route of for example more than 100 meters.

(9) A pressure sensor 15 is also connected to the conduit 8. Both the pressure sensor 15 and the compressed-air valve 11 are preferably connected to a controller 28 (not shown). The supplier 10 of pressure medium can have a compressor 12, a pneumatic surge chamber 13, and a compressed-air line 14.

(10) In addition, in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1A to 1D, a lubricant feeder 16 comprising a pump 17 and a line 18 is connected to the conduit 8. The lubricant feeder, more particularly the connection of the lubricant feeder 16 to the conduit, is between the eccentric screw pump and the compressed-air feed 10, more particularly the connection of the compressed-air feed 10 to the conduit 8. With the aid of this lubricant feeder 16, a lubricant, for example a polymer solution, is injected into the pressure line 8, more particularly around the material strand.

(11) In the illustrated embodiment, the eccentric screw pump 1 is a hopper pump, with a feed hopper 21 connected to the intake port 5. Details are shown in FIG. 4, which will be discussed below.

(12) The system according to FIGS. 1A to 1D is for example operated as follows:

(13) The eccentric screw pump 1 is charged via the hopper 21 with the material to be conveyed, for example dewatered sludge. The sludge M is pumped by the hopper pump 1 into the conduit or pressure line 8 (see FIG. 1A). At the same time, a lubricant, for example a polymer solution, is (continuously) supplied to the conduit by the lubricant feeder 16. In the course of the compressed feeding of the sludge into the conduit 8, the pressure that is monitored in the conduit 8 by the pressure sensor 15 gradually increases. When a predefined pressure threshold value is reached or exceeded (FIG. 1B), a compressed-air pulse is injected into the conduit 8 by opening the valve 11, and a material plug MP of limited length is thereby separated from the compressed-material strand and transported through the conduit 8 (FIG. 1C). A comparative examination of FIGS. 1C and 1D suggests that, as a result, the pressure in the conduit drops again and the above-described process begins again with FIG. 1A.

(14) The functionality can also be clarified with reference to FIG. 3 that graphically illustrates the pressure profile at the upstream end of the conduit 8. The diagram shows the pressure p in the conduit measured by the pressure sensor 15, i.e. at the compressed-air feed 10, particularly as a function of the time t. Beginning at time 0, it can be seen at first how the pressure p rises as the material is pumped into the conduit 8 according to FIG. 1A and (after a little more than two minutes) reaches the pressure threshold value ps (FIG. 1B). At this time, the compressed-air pulse is injected, so that the pressure p abruptly increases to a value of about 4 bar and then immediately drops back to a value well below the pressure threshold ps (FIGS. 1C and 1D). In the illustrated embodiment, the pressure p in the line 8 drops by about 1 bar below the pressure threshold. A new sludge plug is then fed into the line over a period of a few minutes by the eccentric screw pump until another compressed air injection takes place. The states shown at a), b), c), and d) in FIG. 3 correspond to the states shown in respective FIGS. 1A to 1D.

(15) In the embodiment according to FIGS. 1A to 1D a lubricant is injected in order to reduce the pipe friction for conveying dense phases and thus improve the energy efficiency of the overall system.

(16) In contrast, FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment in which the lubricant feeder is dispensed with. This embodiment is suitable for material that already has sufficient frictional properties, such as comminuted food waste or pasty food mass. The system is used, for example, to convey food waste over long distances, for example to a remote biogas plant. The food waste or the food mass passes through a long conduit 8 to the illustrated storage 20.

(17) Several process steps for treating food waste for incineration in a biogas plant can be integrated into this system in a very small space. The eccentric screw pump 1, in turn, is a hopper pump that differs from the eccentric screw pump shown in FIG. 1A in that a comminution device 19 is provided that, in the illustrated embodiment, is integrated into the eccentric screw pump, for example between the hopper 21 and the stator 2. It is a cutting tool and/or with a cutting tool, so that the material that is introduced, for example whole fruits or vegetables and/or residues, is comminuted and then pumped into the conduit 8 as a pasty food mass. Apart from the lubricant supply, the equipment is otherwise constructed the same as in FIGS. 1A to 1D and is also operated in the same manner.

(18) As already mentioned, the eccentric screw pump is preferably a hopper pump in the illustrated embodiments. One possible embodiment is shown in FIG. 4. The drive 9 operates via a coupling rod 22 on the rotor 3, with the coupling rod 22 being provided in the embodiment with a conveying tool 26, for example a screw, in order to convey the material along the rotor or stator. The coupling rod 22 is connected via an input-side joint 23 to the drive and/or a drive shaft or connecting shaft 24 and via a rotor-side joint 25 to the rotor 2, so that eccentric movement of the rotor 3 is enabled or realized by the coupling rod 22 and the swivel joints 23, 24.

(19) The eccentric screw pump 1 is a so-called easy-maintenance pump in which both the stator 2 and the rotor 3 can be exchanged without removing the suction housing 4 and without removing the housing 6 and the connected lines, and particularly also without removing the hopper 21. In the embodiment, the stator 2 is longitudinally divided and consists for example of two stator halves. Details are not shown. The stator casing 27 surrounding the elastomeric stator preferably consists of a plurality of casing segments that form a stator clamp on the one hand and enable easy disassembly and easy replacement of the stator on the other hand. Moreover, the rotor 3 can be connected via an additional separation point to the rotor-side coupling joint, enabling the rotor 3 to be replaced without joint separation. Details are not presented in this respect, either, but the known concepts can be gleaned overall from US 2011/0061403, US 2017/0306760, US 2017/0268505, or U.S. Pat. No. 8,439,659.