Passenger safe wagon

Abstract

The purpose of this plan is to reduce the damages in intercity train crash cases to the passengers. Berth sleeper airbags are designed to protect the passenger's head and body while the passenger is asleep in the berth sleeper, which inflates in the event of a rollover accident.

Claims

1. A device defining a berth sleeper airbag for a wagon containing a berth comprising: a bag; at least one first stage airbag coupled to the bag; at least one second stage airbag coupled to the bag timed to inflate after the first stage airbag inflates; a first and a second guide rail coupled to respective a first and a second berth sleeper side; wherein at the time of an accident or when the wagon is tilted, the at least one first stage airbag is capable of inflating along the guide rails and causes the bag to cover an entire the body of a passenger, after a pressure within the at least one first airbag reaches an optimal range of gas pressure the at least one second stage airbag inflates and fully covers a head of the passenger and also applies a force to a shoulders of the passenger and reduces an intensity of forces applied to the head and neck of the passenger while the passenger is asleep in the berth sleeper.

2. The device according to claim 1, the berth sleeper airbag further comprising: a plurality of rupture disc placed between the at least one first stage airbag and the at least one second stage airbag that fail within the optimal range of gas pressure in the at least one first stage airbag then the at least one second stage airbags inflate; wherein at the time of an accident or when the wagon is tilted, the at least one first stage airbag is capable of inflating along the guide rails and causes the bag to cover an entire the body of a passenger, the at least one second stage airbag inflates and fully covers a head of the passenger and also applies a force to a shoulders of the passenger and reduces an intensity of forces applied to the head and neck of the passenger while the passenger is asleep in the berth sleeper.

3. A device defining a berth sleeper airbag comprising at least one airbag system that is capable of inflating along a berth sleeper; Wherein the at least one airbag system comprises: a first stage airbag; a second stage airbag coupled to the first stage airbag timed to inflate after the first stage airbag; a plurality of rupture discs placed between the first stage airbag and the second stage airbags that rupture when a pressure within the first stage airbag reaches a predetermined pressure threshold causing the second stage airbag to inflate; wherein at the time of the accident or when a wagon which the berth sleeper is installed is tilted, the first stage airbag inflates along a length the berth sleeper and covers all of the body of a passenger, and then the second airbag inflates fully covering a head of the passenger and applying a force to a shoulders of the passenger to reduce an intensity of forces applied to the head and a neck of the passenger while the passenger is asleep in the berth sleeper.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING

(1) FIG. 1: General view of the coupe.

(2) FIG. 2: Detail of a sample of top & bottom of wall Joints (Section A-A in FIG. 1).

(3) FIG. 3: Section view of sliding door (Section B-B in FIG. 1).

(4) FIG. 4: Section view of a sample of wall to glass seal joint (Section C-C in FIG. 1).

(5) FIG. 5: Detail of a wall with metal sheet curtain.

(6) FIG. 6: Detail of a wall with roller curtain.

(7) FIG. 7: General arrangement for berth sleeper.

(8) FIG. 8: Section view of a coupe with berth sleeper.

(9) FIG. 9: Method of work of the berth sleeper airbag (covers head of passenger).

(10) FIG. 10: Method of work of the berth sleeper airbag for passenger sleep in soldier, freefaller and starfish position (covers all body of passenger).

(11) FIG. 11: Method of work of the berth sleeper airbag for passenger sleep in foetus, log and yearner position (covers all body of passenger).

(12) FIG. 12: General arrangement of gangway.

(13) FIG. 13: The method of getting off the wagon by a ladder.

(14) FIG. 14: General arrangement for wagon with berth sleeper.

(15) FIG. 15: General arrangement for wagon with seat.

(16) FIG. 16: Section view of a coupe with seat.

(17) FIG. 17: Method of work of the seat airbag embedded on the side wall and passenger seated on the seat (cover the entire seat back).

(18) FIG. 18: Method of work of the seat airbag embedded on the side wall and passenger seated on the seat in front and side view (cover head of passenger).

(19) FIG. 19: Method of work of the seat airbag embedded on the luggage rack and passenger seated on the seat (covers the entire seat back).

(20) FIG. 20: Method of work of the seat airbag embedded on the luggage rack and passenger seated on the seat in side view.

(21) FIG. 21: Method of work of the berth sleeper airbag (covers head of passenger).

(22) FIG. 22: Method of work of the berth sleeper airbag for passenger sleep in foetus, log and yearner position (covers all body of passenger).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

I. Invention Objective

(23) The target is to reduce the damages in intercity vehicles crash cases to the passengers (train and bus), at the first phase. In the next phase, if the vehicle catches fire, with the increase in the incident time of smoke and fire spreading to the wagon, the passenger has plenty of time to react appropriately.

II. Description of Drawings and Parts

(24) FIG. 1: General view of the coupe. This figure is composed of: 1) Wall of the wagon (coupe side) 2) Side wall of the coupe 3) Bottom of wagon 4) Sliding door of the coupe 5) Wall of the coupe (gangway side) 6) Fire resistant glass 7) Ladder

(25) FIG. 2: Detail of a sample of top & bottom of wall Joints (Section A-A in FIG. 1). This figure is composed of: 3) Bottom of wagon 8) High temperature resistant sheet (metal sheet) 9) High temperature resistant materials (Ceramic fiber) 10) Heat temperature resistant holder 11) High temperature sealant tape 12) Fuel dam (welded to Bottom of wagon) 14) Fire and Fuel Barrier Tape

(26) FIG. 3: Section view of sliding door (Section B-B in FIG. 1). This figure is composed of: 3) Bottom of wagon 8) High temperature resistant sheet (metal sheet) 9) High temperature resistant materials (Ceramic fiber) 15) Wheel of the sliding door 16) Pin of the wheel 17) Flexible intumescent tape 18) Rail of the sliding door (Fixed to Bottom of wagon)

(27) FIG. 4: Section view of a sample of wall to glass seal joint (Section C-C in FIG. 1). This figure is composed of: 6) Fire resistant glass 8) High temperature resistant sheet (metal sheet) 9) High temperature resistant materials (Ceramic fiber) 19) Intumescent fire glass seals

(28) FIG. 5: Detail of a wall with metal sheet curtain. This figure is composed of: 6) Fire resistant glass 8) High temperature resistant sheet (metal sheet) 9) High temperature resistant materials (Ceramic fiber) 19) Intumescent fire glass seals 20) Sliding metal sheet 21) Guide rail 22) Heat insulation handles

(29) FIG. 6: Detail of a wall with roller curtain. This figure is composed of: 6) Fire resistant glass 8) High temperature resistant sheet (metal sheet) 9) High temperature resistant materials (Ceramic fiber) 19) Intumescent fire glass seals 21) Guide rail 22) Heat insulation handles 23) Box 40) Fire smoke curtain

(30) FIG. 7: General arrangement for berth sleeper. This figure is composed of: 25) Berth sleeper 26) Seat belt 27) Safety belt 48) Airbag location (embedded on the wall) 30-4) Airbag guide rails 6) Fire resistant glass

(31) FIG. 8: Section view of a coupe with berth sleeper. This figure is composed of: 25) Berth sleeper 26) Seat belt 27) Safety belt 28) Soft cover to protect the passenger 29) Passenger compartment

(32) FIG. 9: Method of work of the berth sleeper airbag (covers head of passenger). This figure is composed of: 25) Berth sleeper 26) Seat belt 30-1) First stage airbag 30-2) Second stage airbags 30-3) Rupture disc 30-4) Airbag guide rails

(33) FIG. 10: Method of work of the berth sleeper airbag for passenger sleep in soldier, freefaller and starfish position (airbag covers all body of passenger). This figure is composed of: 25) Berth sleeper 26) Seat belt 30-1) First stage airbag 30-2) Second stage airbags 30-3) Rupture disc 30-5) Gas flow path 46) Passenger's weight 47) Reaction force applied from airbags to passenger

(34) FIG. 11: Method of work of the berth sleeper airbag for passenger sleep in foetus, log and yearner position (airbag covers all body of passenger). This figure is composed of: 25) Berth sleeper 26) Seat belt 46) Passenger's weight 47) Reaction force applied from airbags to passenger

(35) FIG. 12: General arrangement of gangway. This figure is composed of: 6) Fire resistant glass 31) Wall of the wagon (gangway side) 32) Sliding window with fire resistant glass 33) Sliding window opener electric motor 34) Fire-smoke curtain device 35) Head box 36) Winding shaft with motor unit 37) Control unit 38) Side guides 39) Bottom bar 11) High temperature sealant tape attached to bottom bar 40) Multi-piece fire smoke curtain 41) Roof hatch 42) Air exhaust pipe 50) Spring steel strip attached to fire smoke curtain 51) Magnet 24) Fire-smoke detector

(36) FIG. 13: The method of getting off the wagon by ladder.

(37) FIG. 14: General arrangement for wagon with berth sleeper. This figure is composed of: 25) Berth sleeper ) Gangway 34) Fire-smoke curtain device

(38) FIG. 15: General arrangement for wagon with seat. This figure is composed of: ) Gangway 34) Fire-smoke curtain device 43) Seat

(39) FIG. 16: Section view of a coupe with seat. This figure is composed of: 26) Seat belt 43) Seat 44) Seat slider rail 53) Bus luggage rack

(40) FIG. 17: Method of work of the seat airbag embedded on the side wall and passenger seated on the seat (covers the entire seat back). This figure is composed of: 48) Airbag location (embedded on the side wall) 49) Airbag location (embedded on the seat back) 52-1) First step of seat airbag 52-2) Second step of seat airbag 52-3) Rupture disc 52-4) Locker airbag

(41) FIG. 18: Method of work of the seat airbag embedded on the side wall and passenger seated on the seat in front and side view (covers head of passenger). This figure is composed of: 43) Seat 52-1) First step of seat airbag 52-2) Second step of seat airbag 52-3) Rupture disc 52-5) Gas flow path

(42) FIG. 19: Method of work of the seat airbag embedded on the luggage rack and passenger seated on the seat (covers the entire seat back). This figure is composed of: 52-1) First step of seat airbag 53) Bus luggage rack 54) Airbag location (embedded on the luggage rack) 55) Rubber band

(43) FIG. 20: Method of work of the seat airbag embedded on the luggage rack and passenger seated on the seat in side view. This figure is composed of: 52-1) First step of seat airbag 52-2) Second step of seat airbag 53) Bus luggage rack 56) Forces applied to abdomen of passenger to keep the passenger in place

(44) FIG. 21: Method of work of the berth sleeper airbag (covers head of passenger). This figure is composed of: 30-5) Bag 25) Berth sleeper 26) Seat belt 30-1) First stage airbag 30-2) Second stage airbags 30-3) Rupture disc 30-4) Airbag guide rails

(45) FIG. 22: Method of work of the berth sleeper airbag for passenger sleep in foetus, log and yearner position (airbag covers all body of passenger). This figure is composed of: 30-5) Bag 25) Berth sleeper 26) Seat belt 46) Passenger's weight 47) Reaction force applied from airbags to passenger

III. Description of the Invention

(46) According to the FIG. 1, each wagon is composed of a plurality of coupes and a gangway. Each coupe is composed of these major parts: Side walls Side wall of the wagon Gangway side walls Roof of the wagon Ladder Heating-cooling system Seats or berth sleeper Manual fire-smoke curtains Airbags Airbag inflation system

(47) Gangway is composed of these major parts: Fire-smoke detectors Control unit Automatic-manual fire-smoke curtains Sliding windows Air roof hatches along with an exhaust fans

(48) That each part is explained on the following:

(49) 1) Side Walls:

(50) The side walls are made up of two metal plates, the gap between which is filled with fire-resistant materials such as rock wool or ceramic fiber. The jointing of the walls together or to the floor of the coupe is sealed by high temperature sealant tape so this layer prevents fuel leakage into the coupe.

(51) 2) Side Wall of the Wagon:

(52) This wall is common between coupes and wagon and does not absorb heat, and responds extremely well to fire. Beside it is soundproof it does not contribute to the development or the propagation of fire. This wall is made up of the materials resistant to high temperature and sound. It includes a window with a fire resistant glass and a manual fire-smoke curtain. Experts designed the wall with no common glass between the coupes, and the gap between the glass and the side walls does not allow the fire to transmit through the window to the side coupe.

(53) 3) Gangway Side Walls:

(54) The side wall of the gangway consists of two fixed parts with some windows and a sliding door. The wall of the gangway of the coupe, like its side walls, has been made of two metal plates filled with refractory materials such as rock wool or fiber ceramics.

(55) Also, wagons are equipped with fire resistant glass and given that the glass can be crushed due to accidents, behind the windows there are manual fire-smoke curtains or Sliding metal sheet. Passenger can close it immediately that prevents fire and smoke from entering to the coupe (FIG. 5 and FIG. 6).

(56) The outer surface of the side wall of the gangway is covered with intumescent coatings. It reduces the heat transfer rate to the coupe during fire. In crashes due to impact or overturning of the walls, there may be a gap between the walls of the coupe and the bottom. A flexible fire and fuel barrier tape is used to prevent fire and smoke from entering the coupe.

(57) To prevent smoke from entering from the sliding door, flexible intumescent tapes are used, which swells during a fire and fills the gap between the door and the span and prevents the smoke from entering the coupe. In order to prevent fuel penetration from the entrance door, the rail of the sliding door with a height of 30 mm is designed as shown in FIG. 3, as well as flexible intumescent tapes.

(58) 4) Roof of the Wagon:

(59) The roof is coated with a layer of soft, high temperature resistant, soundproofed or airbag materials that could cause less damage to the passenger in the event of overturning of the train and collision of the passenger with the roof of the coupe.

(60) 5) Ladder:

(61) Ladders are used for passenger climbing for second or third floor beds. Also, during an accident, passenger can break the window and by the ladder get off from the coupe (FIG. 13).

(62) 6) Cooling-Heating Ventilation System:

(63) Cooling/heating ventilation system in each coupe is independent of other coupes or gangways, so during fire smoke from other coupes or gangways does not penetrate the coupe.

(64) 7) Berth Sleeper:

(65) The material used in the berth sleeper is resistant to high temperature. Berth sleeper airbags are designed to protect the passenger's head and body while the passenger is asleep in the berth sleeper, which inflates in the event of a rollover accident. These airbags are multi-stages. In the first stage, the airbag inflates along the berth sleeper and covers the head or the whole body of the passenger (FIG. 9I). In order to bear the passenger weight during a head on collision accident the safety belt is used as support for first stage or the airbag inflates along the guide rails and the guide rails used as support. In the second stage, the guiding airbag inflates to take the passenger's head in the middle of the airbag (FIG. 9II). In this type of airbag, when the wagon is tilted, the passenger's weight load is applied to the shoulders of the passenger and a lesser force is applied to the neck and head of him/her (FIG. 10 and FIG. 11). This airbag along with berth sleeper can protect the passenger's head against the impact applied from left, right, front, back and up.

(66) The other type of the berth sleeper airbag (FIG. 21 and FIG. 22) is multi-stages. In the first stage, the first stage airbags inflate along the guide rails and cause the bag covers the whole body of the passenger (FIG. 21 I). The size of the bag is such that the passenger will not hit the upper bed if the belts are not fastened. In the second stage, the guiding airbag inflates to take the passenger's head in the middle of the airbag (FIG. 21 II). In this type of airbag, when the wagon is tilted, the passenger's weight load is applied to the shoulders of the passenger and a lesser force is applied to the neck and head of him/her (FIG. 22).

(67) To save the passenger of severe injuries in heavy accidents, seat belts are installed on the bed in order to keep the passenger in place. Soft covers are also mounted on the side walls of the coupe and below the upper bed so that the passengers can receive less damage by creating a soft compartment around them in the case of overturning the wagon and passenger's collision with walls or under the upper bed. This berth sleeper airbag can be used in heavy truck sleeper cabs too.

(68) 8) Seat:

(69) In FIG. 15, an overview of the wagon is shown with the seat arrangement. These seats are capable to move along the slider rails (FIG. 16). Seat airbags are designed to protect head and upper limb of the passenger while sitting on the seat. These airbags are embedded on the side wall of the cabin or on the edge of the seat back or on the luggage rack. These airbags are multi-stages. Each type of seat airbag is explained on the following:

(70) Airbags Embedded on the Side Wall of the Cabin or on the Edge of the Seat Back:

(71) in the first stage, the support airbag inflates (FIG. 17 II) and in the second stage, the guiding airbag inflates and covers the head and upper limb of the passenger (FIG. 17 III), and also this airbag along with seat back protects the passenger's head and upper limb against the impact applied from left, right, front, back and up.

(72) Airbags Embedded on the Luggage Rack:

(73) At the time of the accident, the first stage airbag inflates from up to down and fully cover the upper limb of passenger and the seat back (FIG. 20 I) then the second stage airbags inflate and lead the passenger to good situation and keep the passenger in place (FIG. 20 II). At the time of the wagon is tilted, the second stage airbags apply forces to the shoulders of the passenger and reduce the intensity of forces applied to the head and neck of the passenger. This airbag along with seat back protects the passenger's head and upper limb against the impact applied from left, right, front, back and up.

(74) As the airbags inflate, the gas in the airbags, escapes in a controlled manner through small vent holes then the rubber bands retract the airbags (FIG. 19 III).

(75) According to FIG. 20 II, when the second stage airbags inflate, apply forces to abdomen of the passenger and keep the passenger in place even if the passenger forget to wear a seat belt. This type of airbag can be used for driver and passenger seats in different vehicles such as car, bus, trailer and etc.

(76) In the following table, airbags specify that protect a part of body in different crash test.

(77) TABLE-US-00003 25% small Rear offset Airbag Frontal-impact Side impact overlap impact Rollover Type Part of body crash test crash test crash test crash test crash test seat airbag Head of passenger with seat belt 2th airbags 2th airbags 2th airbags seat back 2th airbags embedded Neck of passenger with seat belt 2th airbags 2th airbags 2th airbags seat back 2th airbags on the side Upper limb passenger with seat belt 2th airbags 2th airbags 2th airbags seat back 2th airbags wall Head of passenger without seat belt 2th airbags 2th airbags 2th airbags seat back 2th airbags Neck of passenger without seat belt 2th airbags 2th airbags 2th airbags seat back 2th airbags Upper limb passenger without seat belt 2th airbags 2th airbags 2th airbags seat back 2th airbags seat airbag Head of passenger with seat belt 2th airbags 2th airbags 2th airbags seat back 2th airbags embedded Neck of passenger with seat belt 2th airbags 2th airbags 2th airbags seat back 2th airbags on the roof Upper limb passenger with seat belt 2th airbags 1th airbag 2th airbags seat back 2th airbags Head of passenger without seat belt 2th airbags 2th airbags 2th airbags seat back 2th airbags Neck of passenger without seat belt 2th airbags 2th airbags 2th airbags seat back 2th airbags Upper limb passenger without seat belt 2th airbags 1th airbag 2th airbags seat back 2th airbags
9) Airbag Inflation System:

(78) It's necessary to inflate second airbag after the first airbags inflated completely, to the berth sleeper airbag and seat airbag proper performance. These airbag inflation systems can be used: An airbag inflation system for a unique airbag: the second airbags coupled to the first airbag and a plurality of rupture disc placed between the first and second airbags that fail within an optimal range of gas pressure in the first stage airbag then the second stage airbags inflate. Multi airbag inflation system for some separate airbags: the second airbag is separate from the first airbag and a multistage airbag inflation system that with a short term delay, inflates the first and second airbags respectively.

(79) The inflation of the airbags in the vehicle is controlled by a central airbag control unit.

(80) 10) The Gangway of the Wagon:

(81) The gangway is the most important route for the passengers to escape at the time of the incident. The gangway contains fire-smoke curtains and fire-smoke detector, so that when the wagon is fired, smoke quickly does not spread into the gangway and allow passengers to leave the wagon through the gangway.

(82) In the wall of wagon on the side of the gangway, there are embedded sliding window with fire resistant glass that is connected to the control unit, and when the fire is detected by the fire-smoke detector, the window opens, so that the smoke exit from the open window in a controlled manner and do not fill in the gangway. It can also be used to exhausts smoke from the gangway through roof hatch that embedded between the two fire-smoke curtains at the roof of the gangway and exhaust the air in the gangway to outside the wagon (in addition to exhaust the air in the gangway in the normal state, it also takes command from the control unit). Wires and cables used in this wagon are resistant to heat and mechanical shock, and fireproof electrical ducts have been used.

(83) Methods of opening curtains are:

(84) Drop opening method: In this way with the command of the control unit, the power is removed from the roller motor then gravity acting on the bottom bar weight makes the curtain drop. This assumes that the curtain is a gravity drop type, which most curtains are actually are. This method is not suitable for cases where the wagon is overturned and the fire occurs. Controlled opening method: In this way with the command of the control unit, the electromotor is turned on and by applying the electric motor force on the metal strip, the curtain is opened along the guide rails. This method, in case of overturning of the wagon, has the ability to open the anti-fire curtain.

(85) If the curtain is open and the wagon overturns, the magnet on the bottom bar will prevent the bar from sliding off the wagon's floor. Anti-smoke curtains are made of some pieces to allow passengers to cross the curtain. These curtains delay the spread of fire and smoke in the gangway, providing time and space for passengers to leave the wagon.

(86) In FIGS. 15 and 16, general arrangement for wagon with berth sleeper and seat are showed. The target of this invention is to reduce the damages caused accident to the passengers, at the first phase. In the next phase, if the vehicle catches fire, with the increase in the incident time of smoke and fire spreading to the wagon, the passenger has plenty of time to react appropriately. At the time of the accident, passengers are not able to make appropriate decisions due to accidental shock, so the necessary training should be given to passengers to know how to react during and after an accident.