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HARD GOLD ALLOY WITH ZIRCONIUM, TITANIUM AND MAGNESIUM FOR JEWELRY MANUFACTURE

20200216931 ยท 2020-07-09

    Inventors

    Cpc classification

    International classification

    Abstract

    A high purity gold alloy alloyed with a combination of metals or at least two metals out of zirconium, Titanium and Magnesium for jewelry manufacture and containing 75-99.5% of Gold, 0.01-1.5% of Zirconium, 0.01-1.5% of Magnesium, 0.01-1.5% of Titanium, 0-24.98% of Copper, and 0-24.98% of Zinc and 0-24.98% of Silver by weight. Gold-Zirconium, Magnesium, Titanium Gold alloy has 75-260 Vickers hardness and specific gravity 14-19 g/cc. It has more than 1.25-2 times high springiness at applied load/pressure and is compatible in terms of the color retention properties thereof by human eye, when compared with the conventional gold alloys. The 3-metal combination (Zr+Ti+Mg) Gold alloy has RICH YELLOW colour, while out of the 2-metal combinations, (Zr+Ti) Gold alloy has a WHITISH YELLOW colour, (Zr+Mg) Gold alloy has a GREENISH YELLOW colour and (Mg+Ti) Gold alloy has a PALE YELLOW colour. Gold alloy shows lower wear during polishing. Gold alloy includes 18-24 Caratage suitable for jewelry manufacture due to its lower specific gravity and cost-effectiveness.

    Claims

    1-40. (canceled)

    41. A gold alloy composition for jewelry manufacture having a low specific gravity, wherein the gold alloy composition is alloyed with zirconium, titanium, and magnesium, the gold alloy composition comprising: 75 to 99.5% by weight of Gold, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, 0 to 24.98% by weight of Copper, 0 to 24.98% by weight of Zinc, and 0 to 24.98% by weight of Silver; wherein the said gold alloy has high springiness, luster, lower wear, and compatible color retention properties compared with a conventional Gold alloy.

    42. The gold alloy composition as claimed in claim 41, wherein the gold alloy is a 18-carat Gold alloy having a specific gravity of 14.67 g/cc; hardness of 240-260 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 comprising: 75 to 75.5% by weight of Gold, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, 0 to 24.97% by weight of Copper, 0 to 24.97% by weight of Zinc, and 0 to 24.97% by weight of Silver.

    43. The gold alloy composition as claimed in claim 41, wherein the gold alloy is a 21-carat Gold alloy having a specific gravity of 16.502 g/cc; hardness of 200-225 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 comprising: 87.5 to 88% by weight of Gold, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, 0 to 12.47% by weight of Copper, 0 to 12.47% by weight of Zinc, and 0 to 12.47% by weight of Silver.

    44. The gold alloy composition as claimed in claim 41, wherein the gold alloy is a 22-carat Gold alloy having a specific gravity of 17.057 g/cc; hardness of 170-195 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 comprising: 91.6 to 92% by weight of Gold, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium 0 to 8.37% by weight of Copper, 0 to 8.37% by weight of Zinc, and 0 to 8.37% by weight of Silver.

    45. The gold alloy composition as claimed in claim 41, wherein the gold alloy is a 23-carat Gold alloy having a specific gravity of 17.88 g/cc; hardness of 125-155 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 comprising: 95.8 to 97% by weight of Gold, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium 0 to 4.17% by weight of Copper, 0 to 4.17% by weight of Zinc, and 0 to 4.17% by weight of Silver.

    46. The gold alloy composition as claimed in claim 41, wherein the gold alloy is a 24-carat Gold alloy having a specific gravity of 18.771 g/cc; hardness of 75-100 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 comprising: 97 to 99.5% by weight of Gold, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium.

    47. A gold alloy composition for jewelry manufacture having a low specific gravity, the gold alloy composition comprising: a) 75 to 99.5% by weight of Gold, b) a combination of at least two components selected from the group consisting of: 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, and 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, c) 0 to 24.98% by weight of Copper, d) 0 to 24.98% by weight of Zinc, e) 0 to 24.98% by weight of Silver; wherein the said gold alloy has high springiness, luster, lower wear and compatible color retention properties compared with a conventional Gold alloy.

    48. The Gold alloy composition as claimed in claim 47, wherein the gold alloy is a whitish yellow 18-carat Gold alloy having a specific gravity of 14.78 g/cc; hardness of 245-265 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 comprising; 75 to 75.5% by weight of Gold, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, 0 to 24.98% by weight of Copper, 0 to 24.98% by weight of Zinc, and 0 to 24.98% by weight of Silver.

    49. The Gold alloy composition as claimed in claim 47, wherein the gold alloy is a greenish yellow 18-carat Gold alloy having a specific gravity of 14.75 g/cc; hardness of 235-255 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 comprising; 75 to 75.5% by weight of Gold, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, 0 to 24.98% by weight of Copper, 0 to 24.98% by weight of Zinc, and 0 to 24.98% by weight of Silver.

    50. The Gold alloy composition as claimed in claim 47, wherein the gold alloy is a pale yellow 18-carat Gold alloy having a specific gravity of 14.74 g/cc; hardness of 245-255 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 comprising; 75 to 75.5% by weight of Gold, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, 0 to 24.98% by weight of Copper, 0 to 24.98% by weight of Zinc, and 0 to 24.98% by weight of Silver.

    51. The Gold alloy composition as claimed in claim 47, wherein the gold alloy is a whitish yellow 21-carat Gold alloy having a specific gravity of 16.69 g/cc; hardness of 205-230 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 comprising: 87.5 to 88% by weight of Gold, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, 0 to 12.48% by weight of Copper, 0 to 12.48% by weight of Zinc, and 0 to 12.48% by weight of Silver.

    52. The Gold alloy composition as claimed in claim 47, wherein the gold alloy is a greenish yellow 21-carat Gold alloy having a specific gravity of 16.55 g/cc; hardness of 200-210 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 comprising: 87.5 to 88% by weight of Gold, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, 0 to 12.48% by weight of Copper, 0 to 12.48% by weight of Zinc, and 0 to 12.48% by weight of Silver.

    53. The Gold alloy composition as claimed in claim 47, wherein the gold alloy is a pale yellow 21-carat Gold alloy having a specific gravity of 16.51 g/cc; hardness of 200-225 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 comprising: 87.5 to 88% by weight of Gold, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, 0 to 12.48% by weight of Copper, 0 to 12.48% by weight of Zinc, and 0 to 12.48% by weight of Silver.

    54. The Gold alloy composition as claimed in claim 47, wherein the gold alloy is a whitish yellow 22-carat Gold alloy having a specific gravity of 17.40 g/cc; hardness of 175-190 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 comprising: 91.6 to 92% by weight of Gold, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, 0 to 8.38% by weight of Copper, 0 to 8.38% by weight of Zinc, and 0 to 8.38% by weight of Silver.

    55. The Gold alloy composition as claimed in claim 47, wherein the gold alloy is a greenish yellow 22-carat Gold alloy having a specific gravity of 17.14 g/cc; hardness of 190-205 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 comprising: 91.6 to 92% by weight of Gold, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, 0 to 8.38% by weight of Copper, 0 to 8.38% by weight of Zinc, and 0 to 8.38% by weight of Silver.

    56. The Gold alloy composition as claimed in claim 47, wherein the gold alloy is a pale yellow 22-carat Gold alloy having a specific gravity of 17.08 g/cc; hardness of 170-195 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 comprising: 91.6 to 92% by weight of Gold, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, 0 to 8.38% by weight of Copper, 0 to 8.38% by weight of Zinc, and 0 to 8.38% by weight of Silver.

    57. The Gold alloy composition as claimed in claim 47, wherein the gold alloy is a whitish yellow 23-carat Gold alloy having a specific gravity of 18.27 g/cc; hardness of 145-155 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 comprising: 95.8 to 97% by weight of Gold, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, 0 to 4.18% by weight of Copper, 0 to 4.18% by weight of Zinc, and 0 to 4.18% by weight of Silver.

    58. The Gold alloy composition as claimed in claim 47, wherein the gold alloy is a greenish yellow 23-carat Gold alloy having a specific gravity of 17.97 g/cc; hardness of 125-135 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 comprising: 95.8 to 97% by weight of Gold, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, 0 to 4.18% by weight of Copper, 0 to 4.18% by weight of Zinc, and 0 to 4.18% by weight of Silver.

    59. The Gold alloy composition as claimed in claim 47, wherein the gold alloy is a pale yellow 23-carat Gold alloy having a specific gravity of 17.92 g/cc; hardness of 135-150 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 comprising: 95.8 to 97% by weight of Gold, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, 0 to 4.18% by weight of Copper, 0 to 4.18% by weight of Zinc, and 0 to 4.18% by weight of Silver.

    60. The Gold alloy composition as claimed in claim 47, wherein the gold alloy is a whitish yellow 24-carat Gold alloy having a specific gravity of 19.05 g/cc; hardness of 75-105 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 comprising: 97 to 99.5% by weight of Gold, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, and 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium.

    61. The Gold alloy composition as claimed in claim 47, wherein the gold alloy is a greenish yellow 24-carat Gold alloy having a specific gravity of 18.73 g/cc, hardness of 80-95 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 comprising: 97 to 99.5% by weight of Gold, 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, and 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium.

    62. The Gold alloy composition as claimed in claim 47, wherein the gold alloy is a pale yellow 24-carat Gold alloy having a specific gravity of 18.67 g/cc; hardness of 75-100 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 comprising: 97 to 99.5% by weight of Gold, 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, and 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium.

    Description

    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

    [0027] In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a high purity gold alloy alloyed with a combination of metals zirconium, Titanium and Magnesium for jewelry manufacture, the gold alloy comprising: [0028] 75 to 99.5% by weight of Gold, [0029] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, and/or [0030] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, and/or [0031] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, and/or [0032] 0 to 24.98% by weight of Copper, [0033] 0 to 24.98% by weight of Zinc, [0034] 0 to 24.98% by weight of Silver.

    [0035] Typically, the gold alloy is an 18-carat Gold alloy comprising: [0036] 75 to 75.5% by weight of Gold, [0037] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, [0038] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, [0039] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, [0040] 0 to 24.97% by weight of Copper, [0041] 0 to 24.97% by weight of Zinc, and [0042] 0 to 24.97% by weight of Silver.

    [0043] Typically, the gold alloy is a 21-carat Gold alloy comprising: [0044] 87.5 to 88% by weight of Gold, [0045] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, [0046] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, [0047] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, [0048] 0 to 12.47% by weight of Copper, [0049] 0 to 12.47% by weight of Zinc, and [0050] 0 to 12.47% by weight of Silver.

    [0051] Typically, the gold alloy is a 22-carat Gold alloy comprising: [0052] 91.6 to 92% by weight of Gold, [0053] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, [0054] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, [0055] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, [0056] 0 to 8.37% by weight of Copper, [0057] 0 to 8.37% by weight of Zinc, and [0058] 0 to 8.37% by weight of Silver.

    [0059] Typically, the gold alloy is a 23-carat Gold alloy comprising: [0060] 95.8 to 97% by weight of Gold, [0061] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, [0062] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, [0063] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, [0064] 0 to 4.17% by weight of Copper, [0065] 0 to 4.17% by weight of Zinc, and [0066] 0 to 4.17% by weight of Silver.

    [0067] Typically, the gold alloy is a 24-carat Gold alloy comprising: [0068] 97 to 99.5% by weight of Gold, [0069] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, [0070] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, and [0071] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium.

    [0072] Typically, the gold alloy has a specific gravity in the range of 14 to 19.5 g/cc; preferably 14.67 g/cc, 16.502 g/cc, 17.057 g/cc, 17.88 g/cc and 18.771 g/cc for 18, 21, 22, 23 and 24-carat gold alloy respectively.

    [0073] Typically, the gold alloy comprises a hardness in the range of 75 to 260 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11; preferably 240-260, 200-225, 170-195, 125-155 and 75-100 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 for 18, 21, 22, 23 and 24-carat gold alloy respectively.

    [0074] Typically, the gold alloy has substantially higher springiness, luster and lower wear and has rich yellow color and compatible color retention properties compared with conventional Gold alloy.

    [0075] In another embodiment of the present invention, the gold alloy is alloyed with at least two metals out of zirconium, Titanium and Magnesium for jewelry manufacture and comprises: [0076] 75 to 99.5% by weight of Gold, [0077] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, and/or [0078] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, and/or [0079] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, and/or [0080] 0 to 24.98% by weight of Copper, [0081] 0 to 24.98% by weight of Zinc, [0082] 0 to 24.98% by weight of Silver.

    [0083] Typically, the gold alloy is a whitish yellow 18-carat Gold alloy comprising: [0084] 75 to 75.5% by weight of Gold, [0085] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, [0086] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, [0087] 0 to 24.98% by weight of Copper, [0088] 0 to 24.98% by weight of Zinc, and [0089] 0 to 24.98% by weight of Silver.

    [0090] Typically, the gold alloy is a greenish yellow 18-carat Gold alloy comprising: [0091] 75 to 75.5% by weight of Gold, [0092] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, [0093] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, [0094] 0 to 24.98% by weight of Copper, [0095] 0 to 24.98% by weight of Zinc, and [0096] 0 to 24.98% by weight of Silver.

    [0097] Typically, the gold alloy is a pale yellow 18-carat Gold alloy comprising: [0098] 75 to 75.5% by weight of Gold, [0099] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, [0100] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, [0101] 0 to 24.98% by weight of Copper, [0102] 0 to 24.98% by weight of Zinc, and [0103] 0 to 24.98% by weight of Silver.

    [0104] Typically, the gold alloy has a specific gravity in the range of 14 to 15 g/cc; preferably 14.78 g/cc., 14.75-g/cc and 14.74 g/cc for ZrTi, ZrMg and TiMg of the 18-carat gold alloy respectively. Typically, the gold alloy comprises a hardness in the range of 235 to 265 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11, preferably 245-265, 235-255 and 245-255 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 for ZrTi, ZrMg and TiMg of the 18-carat gold alloy respectively.

    [0105] Typically, the gold alloy has substantially higher springiness, luster and lower wear and has compatible color retention properties compared with conventional Gold alloy.

    [0106] In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the gold alloy is a whitish yellow 21-carat Gold alloy comprising: [0107] 87.5 to 88% by weight of Gold, [0108] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, [0109] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, [0110] 0 to 12.48% by weight of Copper, [0111] 0 to 12.48% by weight of Zinc, and [0112] 0 to 12.48% by weight of Silver.

    [0113] Typically, the gold alloy is a greenish yellow 21-carat Gold alloy comprising: [0114] 87.5 to 88% by weight of Gold, [0115] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, [0116] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, [0117] 0 to 12.48% by weight of Copper, [0118] 0 to 12.48% by weight of Zinc, and [0119] 0 to 12.48% by weight of Silver.

    [0120] Typically, the gold alloy is a pale yellow 21-carat Gold alloy comprising: [0121] 87.5 to 88% by weight of Gold, [0122] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, [0123] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, [0124] 0 to 12.48% by weight of Copper, [0125] 0 to 12.48% by weight of Zinc, and [0126] 0 to 12.48% by weight of Silver.

    [0127] Typically, the gold alloy has a specific gravity in the range of 16 to 17 g/cc; preferably 16.69 g/cc, 16.55 g/cc, 16.51 g/cc for ZrTi, ZrMg and TiMg of the 21-carat combinations respectively. Typically, the gold alloy comprises a hardness in the range of 200 to 230 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11, preferably 205-230, 200-210 and 200-225 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 for ZrTi, ZrMg and TiMg of the 21-carat gold alloy respectively.

    [0128] Typically, the gold is a 21-carat alloy having substantially higher springiness, luster and lower wear and has compatible color retention properties compared with conventional Gold alloy.

    [0129] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the gold alloy is a whitish yellow 22-carat Gold alloy comprising: [0130] 91.6 to 92% by weight of Gold, [0131] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, [0132] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, [0133] 0 to 8.38% by weight of Copper, [0134] 0 to 8.38% by weight of Zinc, and [0135] 0 to 8.38% by weight of Silver.

    [0136] Typically, the gold alloy is a greenish yellow 22-carat Gold alloy comprising: [0137] 91.6 to 92% by weight of Gold, [0138] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, [0139] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, [0140] 0 to 8.38% by weight of Copper, [0141] 0 to 8.38% by weight of Zinc, and [0142] 0 to 8.38% by weight of Silver.

    [0143] Typically, the gold alloy is a pale yellow 22-carat Gold alloy comprising: [0144] 91.6 to 92% by weight of Gold, [0145] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, [0146] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, [0147] 0 to 8.38% by weight of Copper, [0148] 0 to 8.38% by weight of Zinc, and [0149] 0 to 8.38% by weight of Silver.

    [0150] Typically, the gold alloy has a specific gravity in the range of 17 to 18 g/cc; preferably 17.40 g/cc, 17.14 g/cc and 17.08 g/cc for ZrTi, ZrMg and TiMg of the 22-carat gold alloy respectively.

    [0151] Typically, the gold alloy comprises a hardness in the range of 170 to 205 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11, preferably 175-190, 190-205 and 170-195 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 for ZrTi, ZrMg and TiMg of the 22-carat gold alloy respectively.

    [0152] Typically, the gold is a 22-carat alloy having substantially higher springiness, luster and lower wear and has compatible color retention properties compared with conventional Gold alloy.

    [0153] In a still further embodiment of the present invention, the gold alloy is a whitish yellow 23-carat Gold alloy comprising: [0154] 95.8 to 97% by weight of Gold, [0155] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, [0156] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, [0157] 0 to 4.18% by weight of Copper, [0158] 0 to 4.18% by weight of Zinc, and [0159] 0 to 4.18% by weight of Silver.

    [0160] Typically, the gold alloy is a greenish yellow 23-carat Gold alloy comprising: [0161] 95.8 to 97% by weight of Gold, [0162] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, [0163] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, [0164] 0 to 4.18% by weight of Copper, [0165] 0 to 4.18% by weight of Zinc, and [0166] 0 to 4.18% by weight of Silver.

    [0167] Typically, the gold alloy is a pale yellow 23-carat Gold alloy comprising: [0168] 95.8 to 97% by weight of Gold, [0169] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, [0170] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium, [0171] 0 to 4.18% by weight of Copper, [0172] 0 to 4.18% by weight of Zinc, and [0173] 0 to 4.18% by weight of Silver.

    [0174] Typically, the gold alloy has a specific gravity in the range of 17.5 to 18.5 g/cc; preferably 18.27 g/cc, 17.97 g/cc, 17.92 g/cc for ZrTi, ZrMg and TiMg of the 23-carat gold alloy respectively.

    [0175] Typically, the gold alloy comprises a hardness in the range of 125 to 155 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11, preferably 145-155, 125-135 and 135-150 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 for ZrTi, ZrMg and TiMg of the 23-carat gold alloy respectively.

    [0176] Typically, the gold is a 23-carat (having Indian standard of 95.58 to 96% by weight of gold and Thailand standard of 96.15 to 96.55% by weight of gold) gold alloy having substantially higher springiness, luster and lower wear and has compatible color retention properties compared with conventional Gold alloy.

    [0177] In a yet further embodiment of the present invention, the gold alloy is a whitish yellow 24-carat Gold alloy comprising: [0178] 97 to 99.5% by weight of Gold, [0179] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, and [0180] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium.

    [0181] Typically, the gold alloy is a greenish yellow 24-carat Gold alloy comprising: [0182] 97 to 99.5% by weight of Gold, [0183] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Zirconium, and [0184] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium.

    [0185] Typically, the gold alloy is a pale yellow 24-carat Gold alloy comprising: [0186] 97 to 99.5% by weight of Gold, [0187] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Magnesium, and [0188] 0.01 to 1.5% by weight of Titanium.

    [0189] Typically, the gold alloy has a specific gravity in the range of 18.5 to 19.5 g/cc; preferably 19.05 g/cc, 18.73 g/cc, 18.67 g/cc for ZrTi, ZrMg and TiMg of the 24-carat gold alloy respectively.

    [0190] Typically, the gold alloy comprises a hardness in the range of 75 to 105 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11, preferably 75-105, 80-95 and 75-100 Vickers HV-0.05 ASM F 384-11 for ZrTi, ZrMg and TiMg of the 24-carat gold alloy respectively.

    [0191] Typically, the Gold alloy is a 24-carat Gold (includes Hong Kong/China based Chuk Kam jewelry with 99.0 to 99.5% by weight of Gold) alloy having substantially higher springiness, luster and lower wear and compatible color retention properties compared to conventional Gold alloy.

    Ranges for 2-Metal Combinations

    [0192]

    TABLE-US-00001 a- 18 carat i- Zirconium and Titanium Gold 75-75.5% Zirconium 0.01 to 1.5% Titanium 0.01 to 1.5% Copper 0 to 24.98% Zinc 0 to 24.98% Silver 0 to 24.98% ii-Zirconium and Magnesium Gold 75-75.5% Zirconium 0.01 to 1.5% Magnesium 0.01 to 1.5% Copper 0 to 24.98% Zinc 0 to 24.98% Silver 0 to 24.98% iii-Magnesium and Titanium Gold 75-75.5% Magnesium 0.01 to 1.5% Titanium 0.01 to 1.5% Copper 0 to 24.8% Zinc 0 to 24.98% Silver 0 to 24.98% b- 21 carat i- Zirconium and Titanium Gold 87.5-88% Zirconium 0.01 to 1.5% Titanium 0.01 to 1.5% Copper 0 to 12.48% Zinc 0 to 12.48% Silver 0 to 12.48% ii-Zirconium and Magnesium Gold 87.5-88% Zirconium 0.01 to 1.5% Magnesium 0.01 to 1.5% Copper 0 to 12.48% Zinc 0 to 12.48% Silver 0 to 12.48% iii-Magnesium and Titanium Gold 87.5-88% Magnesium 0.01 to 1.5% Titanium 0.01 to 1.5% Copper 0 to 12.48% Zinc 0 to 12.48% Silver 0 to 12.48% c- 22 carat i- Zirconium and Titanium Gold 91.6-92% Zirconium 0.01 to 1.5% Titanium 0.01 to 1.5% Copper 0 to 8.38% Zinc 0 to 8.38% Silver 0 to 8.38% ii-Zirconium and Magnesium Gold 91.6-92% Zirconium 0.01 to 1.5% Magnesium 0.01 to 1.5% Copper 0 to 8.38% Zinc 0 to 8.38% Silver 0 to 8.38% iii-Magnesium and Titanium Gold 91.6-92% Magnesium 0.01 to 1.5% Titanium 0.01 to 1.5% Copper 0 to 8.38% Zinc 0 to 8.38% Silver 0 to 8.38% d- 23 carat i- Zirconium and Titanium Gold 95.8-97% Zirconium 0.01 to 1.5% Titanium 0.01 to 1.5% Copper 0 to 4.18% Zinc 0 to 4.18% Silver 0 to 4.18% ii-Zirconium and Magnesium Gold 95.8-97% Zirconium 0.01 to 1.5% Magnesium 0.01 to 1.5% Copper 0 to 4.18% Zinc 0 to 4.18% Silver 0 to 4.18% iii-Magnesium and Titanium Gold 95.8-97% Magnesium 0.01 to 1.5% Titanium 0.01 to 1.5% Copper 0 to 4.18% Zinc 0 to 4.18% Silver 0 to 4.18% e- 24 carat i- Zirconium and Titanium Gold 97-99.5% Zirconium 0.01 to 0.5% Titanium 0.01 to 0.5% ii-Zirconium and Magnesium Gold 97-99.5% Zirconium 0.01 to 0.5% Magnesium 0.01 to 0.5% iii-Magnesium and Titanium Gold 97-99.5% Magnesium 0.01 to 0.5% Titanium 0.01 to 0.5%

    [0193] Experimental Verification:

    [0194] The following are the results of the test conducted for different caratage of the gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention:

    A118-Carat Having Compositions

    [0195]

    TABLE-US-00002 CONVENTIONAL ALLOY- 75% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD 12.5% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 12.5% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER GOLD ALLOY ACCORDING TO THE PRESENT INVENTION: 75% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD 0.10% BY WEIGHT OF ZIRCONIUM 0.10% BY WEIGHT OF MAGNESIUM 0.10% BY WEIGHT OF TITANIUM 12.35% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 6.175% BY WEIGHT OF ZINC 6.175% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER

    [0196] Specific Gravity:

    [0197] It has been tested and observed that the specific gravity of the 18-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is significantly reduced. While the conventional 18-carat gold has a specific gravity of 15.442 gm/cc, 18-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention with the above composition has demonstrated a specific gravity of 14.67 gm/cc, which is 4.99% less than the conventional 18-carat gold alloy. This is a substantial cost-effectiveness for this high value metal used for jewelry manufacture.

    [0198] Color Retention:

    [0199] 18-carat Gold alloy with the above composition made according to the present invention is also compatible in terms of the color retention properties thereof, when compared with conventional 18-carat Gold alloys as observed under (CIE Defined) color spectrograph.

    [0200] Size of test pieces 21 mm21 mm0.32 mm:

    TABLE-US-00003 WI-CIE YI-E3I3 TB-452 Coordinate Coordinate Coordinate No. Side (Whiteness) (Yellowness) Opacity (Brightness) L* a* b* A) Conventional 18-carat Gold Alloy 1 85.82 60.98 NA 32.20 81.18 5.82 11.81 84.94 60.65 NA 32.44 81.4 5.5 11.42 85.31 60.45 NA 32.18 81.2 5.4 10.9 Average 85.36 60.69 NA 32.27 81.26 5.57 11.37 B) 18-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention 2 83.1 56.92 NA 34.14 78.18 3.12 22.8 83.34 56.05 NA 35.24 78.24 3.11 22.14 83.8 56.45 NA 35.14 78.2 3.12 23.10 Average 83.41 56.47 NA 34.84 78.2 3.11 22.68

    [0201] Enhanced Hardness:

    TABLE-US-00004 18-carat 18-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Work Hardened Hardness Around 225 240-260 (Vickers HV-.05 ASM F 384-11)

    [0202] SpringinessTest Conducted by Compression Tester:

    TABLE-US-00005 Springiness Springiness Observed in Observed in 18-carat 18-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Round specimen used is a machine- Up to appx. Up to appx. made bangle as the final product. 2170 gm and 2310 gm and Size- 52.5 mm Inner Diameter and deflection deflection Thickness 1.3 mm and 5.5 mm width of 5.3 mm of 5.9 mm

    [0203] Accordingly, from the above table, it is evident that the springiness witnessed in the gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention is substantially higher in comparison with the conventional 18-carat Gold alloy.

    [0204] Higher Resistance to Wear:

    [0205] Test Conducted with media polishing set up in which ceramic is used as media for 2 Hours:

    TABLE-US-00006 Wear Resistance Test Weight Weight Before After Weight Test Test Loss % No. Gold Alloy gm gm gm Loss 1 (Conventional 18-carat 1.845 1.818 0.027 1.463 Gold Alloy) Test piece Size = 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm 2 (18-carat Gold alloy 1.705 1.688 .017 .997 of present invention)) Test piece Size = 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm

    [0206] Experimental Verification:

    [0207] The following are the results of the test conducted for 18 caratage of the gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention:

    A218-Carat Having Compositions

    [0208]

    TABLE-US-00007 CONVENTIONAL ALLOY- 75% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD 12.5% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 12.5% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER GOLD ALLOY ACCORDING TO THE PRESENT INVENTION: 75% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD 0.05% BY WEIGHT OF ZIRCONIUM 0.05% BY WEIGHT OF MAGNESIUM 12.45% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 6.225% BY WEIGHT OF ZINC 6.225% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER

    [0209] Specific Gravity:

    [0210] It has been tested and observed that the specific gravity of the 18-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is significantly reduced by the gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention. While the conventional 18-carat gold has a specific gravity of 15.442 gm/cc, 18-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention with the above composition has demonstrated a specific gravity of 14.75 gm/cc, which is 4.49% lesser than the conventional 18-carat gold alloy. This is a substantial cost-effectiveness for this high value metal used for jewelry manufacture.

    [0211] Color Retention:

    [0212] 18-carat Gold alloy with the above composition made according to the present invention is also compatible in terms of the color retention properties thereof, when compared with conventional 18-carat Gold alloys as observed under (CIE Defined) color spectrograph.

    [0213] Size of test pieces 21 mm21 mm0.32 mm:

    TABLE-US-00008 WI-CIE YI-E3I3 TB-452 Coordinate Coordinate Coordinate No. Side (Whiteness) (Yellowness) Opacity (Brightness) L* a* b* A) Conventional 18-carat Gold Alloy 1 85.82 60.98 NA 32.20 81.18 5.82 11.81 84.94 60.65 NA 32.44 81.4 5.5 11.42 85.31 60.45 NA 32.18 81.2 5.4 10.9 Average 85.36 60.69 NA 32.27 81.26 5.57 11.37 B) 18-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention 2 80.1 57.92 NA 31.58 78.14 3.0 20.8 79.34 58.15 NA 30.98 77.92 2.98 21.6 78.24 56.45 NA 31.45 78.21 2.9 21.3 Average 79.22 57.50 NA 31.33 78.09 2.96 21.23

    [0214] Enhanced Hardness:

    TABLE-US-00009 18-carat 18-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Work Hardened Hardness Around 225 235-255 (Vickers HV-.05 ASM F 384-11)

    [0215] SpringinessTest Conducted by Compression Tester:

    TABLE-US-00010 Springiness Springiness Observed in Observed in 18-carat 18-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Round specimen used is a machine- Up to appx. Up to appx. made bangle as the final product. 2170 gm 2205 gm and Size- 52.5 mm Inner Diameter and and deflection deflection Thickness 1.3 mm and 5.5 mm width of 5.3 mm of 5.4 mm

    [0216] Accordingly, from the above table, it is evident that the springiness witnessed in the gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention is substantially higher in comparison with the conventional 18-carat Gold alloy.

    [0217] Higher Resistance to Wear:

    [0218] Test Conducted with media polishing set up in which ceramic is used as media for 2 Hours:

    TABLE-US-00011 Wear Resistance Test Weight Weight Before After Weight Test Test Loss % No. Gold Alloy gm gm gm Loss 1 (Conventional 18-carat 1.845 1.818 0.027 1.463 Gold Alloy) Test piece Size = 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm 2 (18-carat Gold alloy) 1.765 1.746 .019 1.07 Test piece Size = 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm

    A318-Carat Having Compositions

    [0219]

    TABLE-US-00012 CONVENTIONAL ALLOY- 75% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD 12.5% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 12.5% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER GOLD ALLOY ACCORDING TO THE PRESENT INVENTION: 75% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD 0.05% BY WEIGHT OF TITANIUM 0.05% BY WEIGHT OF MAGNESIUM 12.45% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 6.225% BY WEIGHT OF ZINC 6.225% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER

    [0220] Specific Gravity:

    [0221] It has been tested and observed that the specific gravity of the 18-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is significantly reduced by the gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention. While the conventional 18-carat gold has a specific gravity of 15.442 gm/cc, 18-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention with the above composition has demonstrated a specific gravity of 14.74 gm/cc, which is 4.54% lesser than the conventional 18-carat gold alloy. This is a substantial cost-effectiveness for this high value metal used for jewelry manufacture.

    [0222] Color Retention:

    [0223] 18-carat Gold alloy with the above composition made according to the present invention is also compatible in terms of the color retention properties thereof when compared with conventional 18-carat Gold alloys as observed under (CIE Defined) color spectrograph.

    [0224] Size of test pieces 21 mm21 mm0.32 mm:

    TABLE-US-00013 WI-CIE YI-E3I3 TB-452 Coordinate Coordinate Coordinate No. Side (Whiteness) (Yellowness) Opacity (Brightness) L* a* b* A) Conventional 18-carat Gold Alloy 1 85.82 60.98 NA 32.20 81.18 5.82 11.81 84.94 60.65 NA 32.44 81.4 5.5 11.42 85.31 60.45 NA 32.18 81.2 5.4 10.9 Average 85.36 60.69 NA 32.27 81.26 5.57 11.37 B) 18-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention 2 78.24 55.98 NA 30.98 81.4 2.75 15.58 78.54 56.02 NA 30.9 80.12 2.55 16.78 78.48 56.04 NA 31.0 81.55 2.69 16.45 Average 78.42 56.01 NA 30.96 80.02 2.66 16.27

    [0225] Enhanced Hardness:

    TABLE-US-00014 18-carat 18-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Work Hardened Hardness Around 225 245-255 (Vickers HV-.05 ASM F 384-11)

    [0226] SpringinessTest Conducted by Compression Tester:

    TABLE-US-00015 Springiness Springiness Observed in Observed in 18-carat 18-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Round specimen used is a machine- Up to appx. Up to appx. made bangle as the final product. 2170 gm and 2190 gm and Size- 52.5 mm Inner Diameter and deflection deflection Thickness 1.3 mm and 5.5 mm width of 5.3 mm of 5.4 mm

    [0227] Accordingly, from the above table, it is evident that the springiness witnessed in the gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention is substantially higher in comparison with the conventional 18-carat Gold alloy.

    [0228] Higher Resistance to Wear:

    [0229] Test Conducted with media polishing set up in which ceramic is used as media for 2 Hours:

    TABLE-US-00016 Wear Resistance Test Weight Weight Before After Weight Test Test Loss % No. Gold Alloy gm gm gm Loss 1 (Conventional 18-carat 1.845 1.818 0.027 1.463 Gold Alloy) Test piece Size = 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm 2 (18-carat Gold alloy) 1.768 1.751 .017 .9615 Test piece Size = 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm

    A418-Carat Having Compositions

    [0230]

    TABLE-US-00017 CONVENTIONAL ALLOY- 75% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD 12.5% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 12.5% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER GOLD ALLOY ACCORDING TO THE PRESENT INVENTION- 75% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD 0.05% BY WEIGHT OF TITANIUM 0.05% BY WEIGHT OF ZIRCONIUM 12.45% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 6.225% BY WEIGHT OF ZINC 6.225% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER

    [0231] Specific Gravity:

    [0232] It has been tested and observed that the specific gravity of the 18-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is significantly reduced by the gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention. While the conventional 18-carat gold has a specific gravity of 15.442 gm/cc, 18-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention with the above composition has demonstrated a specific gravity of 14.78 gm/cc, which is 4.24% lesser than the conventional 18-carat gold alloy. This is a substantial cost-effectiveness for this high value metal used for jewelry manufacture.

    [0233] Color Retention:

    [0234] 18-carat Gold alloy with the above composition made according to the present invention is also compatible in terms of the color retention properties thereof when compared with conventional 18-carat Gold alloys as observed under (CIE Defined) color spectrograph.

    [0235] Size of test pieces 21 mm21 mm0.32 mm:

    TABLE-US-00018 WI-CIE YI-E3I3 TB-452 Coordinate Coordinate Coordinate No. Side (Whiteness) (Yellowness) Opacity (Brightness) L* a* b* A) Conventional 18-carat Gold Alloy 1 85.82 60.98 NA 32.20 81.18 5.82 11.81 84.94 60.65 NA 32.44 81.4 5.5 11.42 85.31 60.45 NA 32.18 81.2 5.4 10.9 Average 85.36 60.69 NA 32.27 81.26 5.57 11.37 B) 18-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention 2 72.15 54.01 NA 32.58 84.75 5.0 14.21 73.05 54.01 NA 33.0 85.12 2.85 13.9 73.45 54.45 NA 33.25 85.23 3.9 13.58 Average 72.88 54.15 NA 32.94 85.03 3.91 13.89

    [0236] Enhanced Hardness:

    TABLE-US-00019 18-carat 18-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Work Hardened Hardness Around 225 245-265 (Vickers HV-.05 ASM F 384-11)

    [0237] SpringinessTest Conducted by Compression Tester:

    TABLE-US-00020 Springiness Springiness Observed in Observed in 18-carat 18-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Round specimen used is a machine-made Up to appx. Up to appx. bangle as the final product. 2170 gm and 2175 gm and Size- 52.5 mm Inner Diameter and deflection deflection Thickness 1.3 mm and 5.5 mm width of 5.3 mm of 5.3 mm

    [0238] Accordingly, from the above table, it is evident that the springiness witnessed in the gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention is substantially higher in comparison with the conventional 18-carat Gold alloy.

    [0239] Higher Resistance to Wear:

    [0240] Test Conducted with media polishing set up in which ceramic is used as media for 2 Hours:

    TABLE-US-00021 Wear Resistance Test Weight Weight Before After Weight Test Test Loss % No. Gold Alloy gm gm gm Loss 1 (Conventional 18-carat 1.845 1.818 0.027 1.463 Gold Alloy) Test piece Size = 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm 2 (18-carat Gold alloy) 1.774 1.756 .018 1.01 Test piece Size = 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm

    B121-Carat Having Compositions

    [0241]

    TABLE-US-00022 CONVENTIONAL ALLOY- 87.5% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD 9.37% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 3.13% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER GOLD ALLOY ACCORDING TO THE PRESENT INVENTION- 87.5% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD 0.15% BY WEIGHT OF ZIRCONIUM 0.15% BY WEIGHT OF MAGNESIUM 0.15% BY WEIGHT OF TITANIUM 6.025% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 3.0125% BY WEIGHT OF ZINC 3.0125% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER

    [0242] Specific Gravity:

    [0243] It has been tested and observed that the specific gravity of the 21-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is significantly reduced. While the conventional 21-carat gold has a specific gravity of 17.006 gm/cc, 21-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention with the above composition has demonstrated a specific gravity of 16.502 gm/cc, which is 2.96% less than the conventional 21-carat gold alloy. This is a substantial cost-effectiveness for this high value metal used for jewelry manufacture.

    [0244] Color Retention:

    [0245] 21-carat Gold alloy with the above composition made according to the present invention is also compatible in terms of the color retention properties thereof when compared with conventional 21-carat Gold alloys as observed under (CIE Defined) color spectrograph.

    [0246] Size of test pieces 21 mm21 mm0.32 mm:

    TABLE-US-00023 WI-CIE YI-E3I3 TB-452 Coordinate Coordinate Coordinate No. Side (Whiteness) (Yellowness) Opacity (Brightness) L* a* b* A) Conventional 21-carat Gold Alloy 1 94.68 65.98 NA 29.46 82.29 7.86 13.87 94.77 66.01 NA 29.44 82.3 7.86 13.9 94.86 66.32 NA 29.56 82.28 7.83 13.86 Average 94.77 66.1 NA 29.49 82.29 7.86 13.88 B) 21-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention 2 92.8 57.92 NA 32.74 80.02 3.57 28.72 92.83 57.94 NA 32.73 79.98 3.8 30.28 92.97 57.96 NA 32.72 79.96 3.82 30.23 Average 92.87 57.94 NA 32.73 79.99 3.73 29.74

    [0247] Enhanced Hardness:

    TABLE-US-00024 21-carat 21-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Work Hardened Hardness Around 190 200-225 (Vickers HV-.05 ASM F 384-11)

    [0248] SpringinessTest Conducted by Compression Tester:

    TABLE-US-00025 Springiness Springiness Observed in Observed in 21-carat 21-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Round specimen used is a machine- Up to appx. Up to appx. made bangle as the final product. 1760 gm and 1945 gm and Size- 52.5 mm Inner Diameter and deflection deflection Thickness 1.3 mm and 5.5 mm width of 4.7 mm of 5.2 mm

    [0249] Accordingly, from the above table, it is evident that the springiness witnessed in the gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention is substantially higher in comparison with the conventional 21-carat Gold alloy.

    [0250] Higher Resistance to Wear:

    [0251] Test Conducted with media polishing set up in which ceramic is used as media for 2 Hours:

    TABLE-US-00026 Wear Resistance Test Weight Weight Before After Weight Test Test Loss % No. Gold Alloy gm gm gm Loss 1 (Conventional 21-carat 2.04 1.999 0.041 2.009 Gold Alloy) Test piece Size = 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm 2 (21-carat Gold alloy 1.937 1.903 .034 1.755 of present Invention) Test piece Size = 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm

    B221-Carat Having Compositions

    [0252]

    TABLE-US-00027 CONVENTIONAL ALLOY- 87.5% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD 9.37% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 3.13% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER GOLD ALLOY ACCORDING TO THE PRESENT INVENTION- 87.5% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD 0.15% BY WEIGHT OF ZIRCONIUM 0.15% BY WEIGHT OF TITANIUM 6.1% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 3.05% BY WEIGHT OF ZINK 3.05% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER

    [0253] Specific Gravity:

    [0254] It has been tested and observed that the specific gravity of the 21-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is significantly reduced. While the conventional 21-carat gold has a specific gravity of 17.006 gm/cc, 21-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention with the above composition has demonstrated a specific gravity of 16.69 gm/cc, which is 1.84% lesser than the conventional 21-carat gold alloy. This is a substantial cost-effectiveness for this high value metal used for jewelry manufacture.

    [0255] Color Retention:

    [0256] 21-carat Gold alloy with the above composition made according to the present invention is also compatible in terms of the color retention properties thereof when compared with conventional 21-carat Gold alloys as observed under (CIE Defined) color spectrograph.

    [0257] Size of test pieces 21 mm21 mm0.32 mm:

    TABLE-US-00028 WI-CIE YI-E3I3 TB-452 Coordinate Coordinate Coordinate No. Side (Whiteness) (Yellowness) Opacity (Brightness) L* a* b* A) Conventional 21-carat Gold Alloy 1 94.68 65.98 NA 29.46 82.29 7.86 13.87 94.77 66.01 NA 29.44 82.3 7.86 13.9 94.86 66.32 NA 29.56 82.28 7.83 13.86 Average 94.77 66.1 NA 29.49 82.29 7.86 13.88 B) 21-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention 2 90.6 55.98 NA 34.74 79.98 2.96 15.24 90.52 55.90 NA 35.05 80.02 4.01 18.37 90.47 55.05 NA 35.00 79.96 3.86 19.0 Average 90.53 55.65 NA 34.93 79.99 3.61 17.7

    [0258] Enhanced Hardness:

    TABLE-US-00029 21-carat 21-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Work Hardened Hardness Around 190 205-230 (Vickers HV-.05 ASM F 384-11)

    [0259] SpringinessTest Conducted by Compression Tester:

    TABLE-US-00030 Springiness Springiness Observed in Observed in 21-carat 21-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Round specimen used is a machine- Up to appx. Up to appx. made bangle as the final product. 1760 gm and 1800 gm and Size- 52.5 mm Inner Diameter and deflection deflection Thickness 1.3 mm and 5.5 mm width of 4.7 mm of 4.95 mm

    [0260] Accordingly, from the above table, it is evident that the springiness witnessed in the gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention is substantially higher in comparison with the conventional 21-carat Gold alloy.

    [0261] Higher Resistance to Wear:

    [0262] Test Conducted with media polishing set up in which ceramic is used as media for 2 Hours:

    TABLE-US-00031 Wear Resistance Test Weight Weight Before After Weight Test Test Loss % No. Gold Alloy gm gm gm Loss 1 (Conventional 21-carat 2.04 1.999 0.041 2.009 Gold Alloy) Test piece Size = 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm 2 (21-carat Gold alloy 2.00 1.971 .029 1.45 of present Invention) Test piece Size = 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm

    B321-Carat Having Compositions

    [0263]

    TABLE-US-00032 CONVENTIONAL ALLOY- 87.5% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD 9.37% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 3.13% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER GOLD ALLOY ACCORDING TO THE PRESENT INVENTION- 87.5% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD 0.15% BY WEIGHT OF ZIRCONIUM 0.15% BY WEIGHT OF MAGNESIUM 6.1% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 3.05% BY WEIGHT OF ZINK 3.05% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER

    [0264] Specific Gravity:

    [0265] It has been tested and observed that the specific gravity of 21-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is significantly reduced. While conventional 21-carat gold has a specific gravity of 17.006 gm/cc, 21-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention with the above composition has demonstrated a specific gravity of 16.55 gm/cc, which is 2.7% lesser than the conventional 21-carat gold alloy. This is a substantial cost-effectiveness for this high value metal used for jewelry manufacture.

    [0266] Color Retention:

    [0267] 21-carat Gold alloy with the above composition made according to the present invention is also compatible in terms of the color retention properties thereof when compared with conventional 21-carat Gold alloys as observed under (CIE Defined) color spectrograph.

    [0268] Size of test pieces 21 mm21 mm0.32 mm:

    TABLE-US-00033 WI-CIE YI-E3I3 TB-452 Coordinate Coordinate Coordinate No. Side (Whiteness) (Yellowness) Opacity (Brightness) L* a* b* A) Conventional 21-carat Gold Alloy 1 94.68 65.98 NA 29.46 82.29 7.86 13.87 94.77 66.01 NA 29.44 82.3 7.86 13.9 94.86 66.32 NA 29.56 82.28 7.83 13.86 Average 94.77 66.1 NA 29.49 82.29 7.86 13.88 B) 21-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention 2 91.38 56.07 NA 32.33 80.04 2.05 18.23 91.89 56.02 NA 32.55 81.14 1.95 17.67 91.59 56.02 NA 32.0 81.23 1.80 17.51 Average 91.62 56.03 NA 32.63 80.80 1.93 17.79

    [0269] Enhanced Hardness:

    TABLE-US-00034 21-carat 21-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Work Hardened Hardness Around 190 200-210 (Vickers HV-.05 ASM F 384-11)

    [0270] SpringinessTest Conducted by Compression Tester:

    TABLE-US-00035 Springiness Springiness Observed in Observed in 21-carat 21-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Round specimen used is a machine- Up to appx. Up to appx. made bangle as the final product. 1760 gm and 1950 gm and Size- 52.5 mm Inner Diameter and deflection deflection Thickness 1.3 mm and 5.5 mm width of 4.7 mm of 5.3 mm

    [0271] Accordingly, from the above table, it is evident that the springiness witnessed in the gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention is substantially higher in comparison with the conventional 21-carat Gold alloy.

    [0272] Higher Resistance to Wear:

    [0273] Test Conducted with media polishing set up in which ceramic is used as media for 2 Hours:

    TABLE-US-00036 Wear Resistance Test Weight Weight Before After Weight Test Test Loss % No. Gold Alloy gm gm gm Loss 1 (Conventional 21-carat 2.04 1.999 0.041 2.009 Gold Alloy) Test piece Size = 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm 2 (21-carat Gold alloy 1.986 1.951 .034 1.72 of present Invention) Test piece Size = 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm

    B421-Carat Having Compositions

    [0274]

    TABLE-US-00037 CONVENTIONAL ALLOY- 87.5% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD 9.37% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 3.13% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER GOLD ALLOY ACCORDING TO THE PRESENT INVENTION- 87.5% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD 0.15% BY WEIGHT OF TITANIUM 0.15% BY WEIGHT OF MAGNESIUM 6.1% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 3.05% BY WEIGHT OF ZINK 3.05% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER

    [0275] Specific Gravity:

    [0276] It has been tested and observed that the specific gravity of the 21-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is significantly reduced. While the conventional 21-carat gold has a specific gravity of 17.006 gm/cc, 21-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention with the above composition has demonstrated a specific gravity of 16.51 gm/cc, which is 2.87% lesser than the conventional 21-carat gold alloy. This is a substantial cost-effectiveness for this high value metal used for jewelry manufacture.

    [0277] Color Retention:

    [0278] 21-carat Gold alloy with the above composition made according to the present invention is also compatible in terms of the color retention properties thereof, when compared with conventional 21-carat Gold alloys as observed under (CIE Defined) color spectrograph.

    [0279] Size of test pieces 21 mm21 mm0.32 mm:

    TABLE-US-00038 WI-CIE YI-E3I3 TB-452 Coordinate Coordinate Coordinate No. Side (Whiteness) (Yellowness) Opacity (Brightness) L* a* b* A) Conventional 21-carat Gold Alloy 1 94.68 65.98 NA 29.46 82.29 7.86 13.87 94.77 66.01 NA 29.44 82.3 7.86 13.9 94.86 66.32 NA 29.56 82.28 7.83 13.86 Average 94.77 66.1 NA 29.49 82.29 7.86 13.88 B) 21-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention 2 90.99 56.99 NA 35.01 84.01 2.95 12.89 91.02 57.02 NA 36.02 84.37 2.95 13.37 91.12 57.12 NA 34.94 84.67 2.88 13.02 Average 91.04 57.04 NA 35.34 84.35 2.92 13.09

    [0280] Enhanced Hardness:

    TABLE-US-00039 21-carat 21-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Work Hardened Hardness Around 190 200-225 (Vickers HV-.05 ASM F 384-11)

    [0281] SpringinessTest Conducted by Compression Tester:

    TABLE-US-00040 Springiness Springiness Observed in Observed in 21-carat 21-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Round specimen used is a machine- Up to appx. Up to appx. made bangle as the final product. 1760 gm and 1865 gm and Size- 52.5 mm Inner Diameter and deflection deflection Thickness 1.3 mm and 5.5 mm width of 4.7 mm of 5.0 mm

    [0282] Accordingly, from the above table, it is evident that the springiness witnessed in the gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention is substantially higher in comparison with the conventional 21-carat Gold alloy.

    [0283] Higher Resistance to Wear:

    [0284] Test Conducted with media polishing set up in which ceramic is used as media for 2 Hours:

    TABLE-US-00041 Wear Resistance Test Weight Weight Before After Weight Test Test Loss % No. Gold Alloy gm gm gm Loss 1 (Conventional 21-carat 2.04 1.999 0.041 2.009 Gold Alloy) Test piece Size = 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm 2 (21-carat Gold alloy 1.980 1.95 .030 1.52 of present Invention) Test piece Size = 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm

    C122-Carat Having Compositions

    [0285]

    TABLE-US-00042 CONVENTIONAL ALLOY- 91.6% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD 6.3% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 2.1% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER GOLD ALLOY ACCORDING TO THE PRESENT INVENTION - 91.6% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD 0.25% BY WEIGHT OF ZIRCONIUM 0.25% BY WEIGHT OF MAGNESIUM 0.25% BY WEIGHT OF TITANIUM 3.825% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 1.913% BY WEIGHT OF ZINC 1.913% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER

    [0286] Specific Gravity:

    [0287] It has been tested and observed that the specific gravity of the 22-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is significantly reduced by the above composition. the conventional 22-carat gold has a specific gravity of 17.696 gm/cc, 22-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention has demonstrated a specific gravity of 17.057 gm/cc, which is 3.61% lesser than the conventional 22-carat gold alloy. This is a substantial cost-effectiveness for this high value metal used for jewelry manufacture.

    [0288] Color Retention:

    [0289] 22-carat Gold alloy according to the present invention is also compatible in terms of the color retention properties thereof when compared with conventional 22-carat Gold alloys as observed under (CIE Defined) color spectrograph.

    [0290] Size of test pieces 21 mm21 mm0.32 mm:

    TABLE-US-00043 WI-CIE YI-E3I3 TB-452 Coordinate Coordinate Coordinate No. Side (Whiteness) (Yellowness) Opacity (Brightness) L* a* b* A) Conventional 22-carat Gold Alloy 1 117.67 70.11 NA 25.11 78.34 10.28 33.06 118.01 70.27 NA 25.12 78.33 10.35 33.05 117.81 70.22 NA 25.14 75.64 9.85 31.95 Average 117.81 70.20 NA 25.12 77.44 10.16 32.69 B) 22-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention 2 116.13 69.2 NA 28.43 82.12 6.76 30.37 119.3 69.24 NA 27.47 82.15 6.77 30.35 119.73 69.41 NA 28.19 82.14 6.75 30.43 Average 117.39 69.28 NA 28.03 82.14 6.76 30.38

    [0291] Enhanced Hardness:

    TABLE-US-00044 22-carat 22-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Work Hardened Hardness Around 140 170-195 (Vickers HV-.05 ASM F 384-11)

    [0292] SpringinessTest Conducted by Compression Tester:

    TABLE-US-00045 Springiness Springiness Observed in Observed in 22-carat 22-carat Gold Conventional Alloy of the present Gold Alloy invention Round specimen used is a bangle Up to appx. Up to appx. as the final product. 800 gm and 1320 gm and Size- 52.5 mm Inner Diameter deflection deflection and Thickness 0.8 to 0.85 mm of 3.5 mm of 4.7 mm

    [0293] Accordingly, from the above table, it is evident that the springiness witnessed in the gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention is substantially higher than the conventional 22-carat Gold alloy.

    [0294] Higher Resistance to Wear:

    [0295] Test Conducted with media polishing set up in which ceramic is used as media for 2 Hours:

    TABLE-US-00046 Wear Resistance Test Weight Weight Before After Weight Test Test Loss % No. Gold Alloy gm gm gm Loss 1 (Conventional 22-carat 2.12 2.024 0.096 4.528 Gold Alloy) Test piece Size 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm 2 (22-carat Gold alloy 2.017 1.991 0.026 1.289 of the present invention) Test piece Size 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm

    C222-Carat Having Compositions

    [0296]

    TABLE-US-00047 CONVENTIONAL 91.6% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD ALLOY- 6.3% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 2.1% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER GOLD ALLOY 91.6% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD ACCORDING TO THE 0.25% BY WEIGHT OF ZIRCONIUM PRESENT INVENTION - 0.25% BY WEIGHT OF MAGNESIUM 3.95% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 1.975% BY WEIGHT OF ZINC 1.975% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER

    [0297] Specific Gravity:

    [0298] It has been tested and observed that the specific gravity of the 22-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is significantly reduced by the above composition. the conventional 22-carat gold has a specific gravity of 17.696 gm/cc, 22-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention has demonstrated a specific gravity of 17.14 gm/cc, which is 3.16% lesser than the conventional 22-carat gold alloy. This is a substantial cost-effectiveness for this high value metal used for jewelry manufacture.

    [0299] Color Retention:

    [0300] 22-carat Gold alloy according to the present invention is also compatible in terms of the color retention properties thereof when compared with conventional 22-carat Gold alloys as observed under (CIE Defined) color spectrograph.

    [0301] Size of test pieces 21 mm21 mm0.32 mm:

    TABLE-US-00048 WI-CIE YI-E3I3 TB-452 Coordinate Coordinate Coordinate No. Side (Whiteness) (Yellowness) Opacity (Brightness) L* a* b* A) Conventional 22-carat Gold Alloy 1 117.67 70.11 NA 25.11 78.34 10.28 33.06 118.01 70.27 NA 25.12 78.33 10.35 33.05 117.81 70.22 NA 25.14 75.64 9.85 31.95 Average 117.81 70.20 NA 25.12 77.44 10.16 32.69 B) 22-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention 2 117.0 68.45 NA 28.43 82.1 5.76 28.5 116.58 68.25 NA 27.47 82.05 5.91 28.69 118.23 68.25 NA 28.19 82.09 5.88 28.7 Average 117.27 68.31 NA 28.03 82.08 5.85 28.63

    [0302] Enhanced Hardness:

    TABLE-US-00049 22-carat 22-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Work Hardened Hardness Around 140 190-205 (Vickers HV-.05 ASM F 384-11)

    [0303] SpringinessTest Conducted by Compression Tester:

    TABLE-US-00050 Springiness Observed Springiness Observed in 22-carat in 22-carat Gold Conventional Alloy of the Gold Alloy present invention Round specimen used Up to appx. 800 gm Up to appx. 1275 gm is a bangle as the and deflection of and deflection of final product. 3.5 mm 4.45 mm Size- 52.5 mm Inner Diameter and Thickness 0.8 to 0.85 mm

    [0304] Accordingly, from the above table, it is evident that the springiness witnessed in the gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention is substantially higher than the conventional 22-carat Gold alloy.

    [0305] Higher Resistance to Wear:

    [0306] Test Conducted with media polishing set up in which ceramic is used as media for 2 Hours:

    TABLE-US-00051 Wear Resistance Test Weight Weight Before After Weight Test Test Loss % No. Gold Alloy gm gm gm Loss 1 (Conventional 22-carat 2.12 2.024 0.096 4.528 Gold Alloy) Test piece Size 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm 2 (22-carat Gold alloy 2.057 2.018 0.039 1.895 of the present invention) Test piece Size 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm

    C322-Carat Having Compositions

    [0307]

    TABLE-US-00052 CONVENTIONAL 91.6% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD ALLOY- 6.3% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 2.1% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER GOLD ALLOY 91.6% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD ACCORDING TO THE 0.25% BY WEIGHT OF TITANIUM PRESENT INVENTION - 0.25% BY WEIGHT OF MAGNESIUM 3.95% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 1.975% BY WEIGHT OF ZINK 1.975% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER

    [0308] Specific Gravity:

    [0309] It has been tested and observed that the specific gravity of the 22-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is significantly reduced by the above composition. the conventional 22-carat gold has a specific gravity of 17.696 gm/cc, 22-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention has demonstrated a specific gravity of 17.08 gm/cc, which is 3.45% lesser than the conventional 22-carat gold alloy. This is a substantial cost-effectiveness for this high value metal used for jewelry manufacture.

    [0310] Color Retention:

    [0311] 22-carat Gold alloy according to the present invention is also compatible in terms of the color retention properties thereof, when compared with conventional 22-carat Gold alloys as observed under (CIE Defined) color spectrograph.

    [0312] Size of test pieces 21 mm21 mm0.32 mm:

    TABLE-US-00053 WI-CIE YI-E3I3 TB-452 Coordinate Coordinate Coordinate No. Side (Whiteness) (Yellowness) Opacity (Brightness) L* a* b* A) Conventional 22-carat Gold Alloy 1 117.67 70.11 NA 25.11 78.34 10.28 33.06 118.01 70.27 NA 25.12 78.33 10.35 33.05 117.81 70.22 NA 25.14 75.64 9.85 31.95 Average 117.81 70.20 NA 25.12 77.44 10.16 32.69 B) 22-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention 2 115.2 67.21 NA 30.05 84.05 6.94 26.05 116.38 68.05 NA 31.5 84.0 6.82 26.0 115.1 67.8 NA 31.8 84.05 6.74 25.95 Average 115.56 67.68 NA 31.12 84.02 6.82 26

    [0313] Enhanced Hardness:

    TABLE-US-00054 22-carat 22-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Work Hardened Hardness Around 140 170-195 (Vickers HV-.05 ASM F 384-11)

    [0314] SpringinessTest Conducted by Compression Tester:

    TABLE-US-00055 Springiness Observed Springiness Observed in 22-carat in 22-carat Gold Conventional Alloy of the Gold Alloy present invention Round specimen used Up to appx. 800 gm Up to appx. 1200 gm is a bangle as the and deflection of and deflection of final product. 3.5 mm 4.20 mm Size- 52.5 mm Inner Diameter and Thickness 0.8 to 0.85 mm

    [0315] Accordingly, from the above table, it is evident that the springiness witnessed in the gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention is substantially higher than the conventional 22-carat Gold alloy.

    [0316] Higher Resistance to Wear:

    [0317] Test Conducted with media polishing set up in which ceramic is used as media for 2 Hours:

    TABLE-US-00056 Wear Resistance Test Weight Weight Before After Weight Test Test Loss % No. Gold Alloy gm gm gm Loss 1 (Conventional 22-carat 2.12 2.024 0.096 4.528 Gold Alloy) Test piece Size 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm 2 (22-carat Gold alloy 2.050 2.019 0.031 1.512 of the present invention) Test piece Size 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm

    C422-Carat Having Compositions

    [0318]

    TABLE-US-00057 CONVENTIONAL 91.6% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD ALLOY- 6.3% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 2.1% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER GOLD ALLOY 91.6% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD ACCORDING TO THE 0.25% BY WEIGHT OF TITANIUM PRESENT INVENTION - 0.25% BY WEIGHT OF ZIRCONIUM 3.95% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 1.975% BY WEIGHT OF ZINK 1.975% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER

    [0319] Specific Gravity:

    [0320] It has been tested and observed that the specific gravity of the 22-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is significantly reduced by the above composition. the conventional 22-carat gold has a specific gravity of 17.696 gm/cc, 22-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention has demonstrated a specific gravity of 17.40 gm/cc, which is 1.67% lesser than the conventional 22-carat gold alloy. This is a substantial cost-effectiveness for this high value metal used for jewelry manufacture.

    [0321] Color Retention:

    [0322] 22-carat Gold alloy according to the present invention is also compatible in terms of the color retention properties thereof when compared with conventional 22-carat Gold alloys as observed under (CIE Defined) color spectrograph.

    [0323] Size of test pieces 21 mm21 mm0.32 mm:

    TABLE-US-00058 WI-CIE YI-E3I3 TB-452 Coordinate Coordinate Coordinate No. Side (Whiteness) (Yellowness) Opacity (Brightness) L* a* b* A) Conventional 22-carat Gold Alloy 1 117.67 70.11 NA 25.11 78.34 10.28 33.06 118.01 70.27 NA 25.12 78.33 10.35 33.05 117.81 70.22 NA 25.14 75.64 9.85 31.95 Average 117.81 70.20 NA 25.12 77.44 10.16 32.69 B) 22-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention 2 105.25 66.21 NA 32.1 85.57 4.5 23.46 106.3 66.01 NA 32.2 85.62 4.25 24.05 105.85 66.0 NA 32.3 85.69 4.75 25.25 Average 105.8 66.07 NA 32.2 85.61 4.5 24.25

    [0324] Enhanced Hardness:

    TABLE-US-00059 22-carat 22-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Work Hardened Hardness Around 140 175-190 (Vickers HV-.05 ASM F 384-11)

    [0325] SpringinessTest Conducted by Compression Tester:

    TABLE-US-00060 Springiness Observed Springiness Observed in 22-carat in 22-carat Gold Conventional Alloy of the Gold Alloy present invention Round specimen used Up to appx. 800 gm Up to appx. 925 gm is a bangle as the and deflection of and deflection of final product. 3.5 mm 3.95 mm Size- 52.5 mm Inner Diameter and Thickness 0.8 to 0.85 mm

    [0326] Accordingly, from the above table, it is evident that the springiness witnessed in the gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention is substantially higher than the conventional 22-carat Gold alloy.

    [0327] Higher Resistance to Wear:

    [0328] Test Conducted with media polishing set up in which ceramic is used as media for 2 Hours:

    TABLE-US-00061 Wear Resistance Test Weight Weight Before After Weight Test Test Loss % No. Gold Alloy gm gm gm Loss 1 (Conventional 22-carat 2.12 2.024 0.096 4.528 Gold Alloy) Test piece Size 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm 2 (22-carat Gold alloy 2.088 2.07 .018 .862 of the present invention) Test piece Size 20 mm 20 mm 0.3 mm

    D123-Carat Having Compositions

    [0329]

    TABLE-US-00062 CONVENTIONAL 95.8% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD ALLOY- 2.1% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 2.1% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER GOLD ALLOY 95.8% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD ACCORDING TO THE 0.25% BY WEIGHT OF ZIRCONIUM PRESENT INVENTION - 0.25% BY WEIGHT OF MAGNESIUM 0.25% BY WEIGHT OF TITANIUM 2.58% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 0.43% BY WEIGHT OF ZINC 0.43% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER

    [0330] Specific Gravity:

    [0331] It has been tested and observed that the specific gravity of the 23-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is significantly reduced. While the conventional 23-carat gold has a specific gravity of 18.523 gm/cc, 23 carats gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention with the above composition has demonstrated a specific gravity of 17.88 gm/cc, which is 3.459% less than the conventional 23-carat gold alloy. This is a substantial cost-effectiveness for this high value metal used for jewelry manufacture.

    [0332] Color Retention:

    [0333] 23-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is also compatible in terms of the color retention properties thereof, when compared with conventional 23-carat Gold alloys as observed under (CIE Defined) color spectrograph.

    [0334] Size of test pieces 21 mm21 mm0.32 mm:

    TABLE-US-00063 WI-CIE YI-E3I3 TB-452 Coordinate Coordinate Coordinate No. Side (Whiteness) (Yellowness) Opacity (Brightness) L* a* b* A) Conventional 23-carat Gold Alloy 142.06 61 NA 6.76 42.65 3.34 19.57 141.14 61.03 NA 6.53 42.75 3.39 19.87 140.46 60.93 NA 6.39 44.13 3.45 20.45 Average 141.22 60.98 NA 6.56 43.18 3.39 19.96 B) 23-carat Gold Alloy 117.82 54.1 NA 7.1 41.31 3.64 15.1 117.36 53.84 NA 7.05 10.98 3.59 15.11 114.71 52.99 NA 6.95 41.01 3.64 15.08 Average 116.63 53.64 NA 7.03 41.1 3.62 15.10

    [0335] Enhanced Hardness:

    TABLE-US-00064 23-carat Conventional 23-carat Gold Alloy Gold Alloy Work Hardened Hardness 85-100 125-155 (Vickers HV-.05 ASM F 384-11)

    [0336] SpringinessTest Conducted by Compression Tester:

    TABLE-US-00065 Springiness Observed in 23-carat Springiness Observed Conventional in 23-carat Gold Alloy Gold Alloy Round specimen used Up to appx. 90 gm and Up to appx. 225 gm and is a bangle as the deflection of 4.16 mm deflection of 8.66 mm final product. Size- 53 mm Inner Diameter and Thickness 0.95-1 mm

    [0337] Accordingly, from the above table, it is evident that the springiness witnessed in the Gold Alloy according to the present invention is almost more than double of applied load (pressure) in comparison with the conventional Gold alloy without Zirconium.

    [0338] Higher Resistance to Wear:

    [0339] Test Conducted with media polishing set up in which ceramic is used as media for 2 Hours:

    TABLE-US-00066 Wear Resistance Test Weight Weight Before After Weight Test Test Loss % No. Gold Alloy gm gm gm Loss 1 (Conventional 23-carat 2.222 2.172 0.050 2.250 Gold Alloy) Test piece Size 20 mmm 20 mm 0.3 mm 2 (23-carat Gold alloy 2.138 2.112 0.026 1.216 of the present invention) Test piece Size 20 mm*20 mm*.3 mm

    D223-Carat Having Compositions

    [0340]

    TABLE-US-00067 CONVENTIONAL 95.8% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD ALLOY- 2.1% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 2.1% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER GOLD ALLOY 95.8% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD ACCORDING TO THE 0.25% BY WEIGHT OF ZIRCONIUM PRESENT INVENTION - 0.25% BY WEIGHT OF TITANIUM 2.78% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 0.46% BY WEIGHT OF ZINK 0.46% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER

    [0341] Specific Gravity:

    [0342] It has been tested and observed that the specific gravity of the 23-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is significantly reduced. While the conventional 23-carat gold has a specific gravity of 18.523 gm/cc, 23 carats gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention with the above composition has demonstrated a specific gravity of 18.27 gm/cc, which is 1.37% less than the conventional 23-carat gold alloy. This is a substantial cost-effectiveness for this high value metal used for jewelry manufacture.

    [0343] Color Retention:

    [0344] 23-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is also compatible in terms of the color retention properties thereof, when compared with conventional 23-carat Gold alloys as observed under (CIE Defined) color spectrograph.

    [0345] Size of test pieces 21 mm21 mm0.32 mm:

    TABLE-US-00068 WI-CIE YI-E3I3 TB-452 Coordinate Coordinate Coordinate No. Side (Whiteness) (Yellowness) Opacity (Brightness) L* a* b* A) Conventional 23-carat Gold Alloy 142.06 61 NA 6.76 42.65 3.34 19.57 141.14 61.03 NA 6.53 42.75 3.39 19.87 140.46 60.93 NA 6.39 44.13 3.45 20.45 Average 141.22 60.98 NA 6.56 43.18 3.39 19.96 B) 23-carat Gold Alloy 110.45 55.58 NA 7.15 42.05 4.04 12.25 112.48 51.23 NA 7.05 42.05 4.19 12.5 114.56 54.93 NA 8.15 41.99 4.17 12.75 Average 112.49 53.91 NA 7.45 42.03 4.13 12.5

    [0346] Enhanced Hardness:

    TABLE-US-00069 23-carat Conventional 23-carat Gold Alloy Gold Alloy Work Hardened Hardness 85-100 145-155 (Vickers HV-.05 ASM F 384-11)

    [0347] SpringinessTest Conducted By Compression Tester:

    TABLE-US-00070 Springiness Observed in 23-carat Springiness Observed Conventional in 23-carat Gold Alloy Gold Alloy Round specimen used Up to appx. 90 gm and Up to appx. 135 gm and is a bangle as the deflection of 4.16 mm deflection of 5.65 mm final product. Size- 53 mm Inner Diameter and Thickness 0.95-1 mm

    [0348] Accordingly, from the above table, it is evident that the springiness witnessed in the Gold Alloy according to the present invention is almost more than double of applied load (pressure) in comparison with the conventional Gold alloy without Zirconium.

    [0349] Higher Resistance to Wear:

    [0350] Test Conducted with media polishing set up in which ceramic is used as media for 2 Hours:

    TABLE-US-00071 Wear Resistance Test Weight Weight Before After Weight Test Test Loss % No. Gold Alloy gm gm gm Loss 1 (Conventional 23-carat 2.222 2.172 0.050 2.250 Gold Alloy) Test piece Size 20 mmm 20 mm 0.3 mm 2 (23-carat Gold alloy 2.192 2.165 0.026 1.12 of the present invention) Test piece Size 20 mm*20 mm*.3 mm

    D323-Carat Having Compositions

    [0351]

    TABLE-US-00072 CONVENTIONAL 95.8% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD ALLOY- 2.1% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 2.1% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER GOLD ALLOY 95.8% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD ACCORDING TO THE 0.25% BY WEIGHT OF ZIRCONIUM PRESENT INVENTION - 0.25% BY WEIGHT OF MAGNESIUM 2.78% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 0.46% BY WEIGHT OF ZINK 0.46% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER

    [0352] Specific Gravity:

    [0353] It has been tested and observed that the specific gravity of the 23-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is significantly reduced. While the conventional 23-carat gold has a specific gravity of 18.523 gm/cc, 23 carats gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention with the above composition has demonstrated a specific gravity of 17.97 gm/cc, which is 2.94% less than the conventional 23-carat gold alloy. This is a substantial cost-effectiveness for this high value metal used for jewelry manufacture.

    [0354] Color Retention:

    [0355] 23-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is also compatible in terms of the color retention properties thereof, when compared with conventional 23-carat Gold alloys as observed under (CIE Defined) color spectrograph.

    [0356] Size of test pieces 21 mm21 mm0.32 mm:

    TABLE-US-00073 WI-CIE YI-E3I3 TB-452 Coordinate Coordinate Coordinate No. Side (Whiteness) (Yellowness) Opacity (Brightness) L* a* b* A) Conventional 23-carat Gold Alloy 142.06 61 NA 6.76 42.65 3.34 19.57 141.14 61.03 NA 6.53 42.75 3.39 19.87 140.46 60.93 NA 6.39 44.13 3.45 20.45 Average 141.22 60.98 NA 6.56 43.18 3.39 19.96 B) 23-carat Gold Alloy 118.38 56.07 NA 6.25 40.05 3.01 14.47 118.17 56.11 NA 5.99 40.10 2.87 14.67 117.97 56.18 NA 6.15 40.0 2.92 14.83 Average 118.37 56.12 NA 6.13 40.05 2.93 14.65

    [0357] Enhanced Hardness:

    TABLE-US-00074 23-carat Conventional 23-carat Gold Alloy Gold Alloy Work Hardened Hardness 85-100 125-135 (Vickers HV-.05 ASM F 384-11)

    [0358] SpringinessTest Conducted By Compression Tester:

    TABLE-US-00075 Springiness Observed in 23-carat Springiness Observed Conventional in 23-carat Gold Alloy Gold Alloy Round specimen used Up to appx. 90 gm and Up to appx. 215 gm and is a bangle as the deflection of 4.16 mm deflection of 7.90 mm final product. Size- 53 mm Inner Diameter and Thickness 0.95-1 mm

    [0359] Accordingly, from the above table, it is evident that the springiness witnessed in the Gold Alloy according to the present invention is almost more than double of applied load (pressure) in comparison with the conventional Gold alloy without Zirconium.

    [0360] Higher Resistance to Wear:

    [0361] Test Conducted with media polishing set up in which ceramic is used as media for 2 Hours:

    TABLE-US-00076 Wear Resistance Test Weight Weight Before After Weight Test Test Loss % No. Gold Alloy gm gm gm Loss 1 (Conventional 23-carat 2.222 2.172 0.050 2.250 Gold Alloy) Test piece Size 20 mmm 20 mm 0.3 mm 2 (23-carat Gold alloy 2.16 2.126 0..033 1.56 of the present invention) Test piece Size 20 mm*20 mm*.3 mm

    D423-Carat Having Compositions

    [0362]

    TABLE-US-00077 CONVENTIONAL 95.8% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD ALLOY- 2.1% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 2.1% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER GOLD ALLOY 95.8% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD ACCORDING TO THE 0.25% BY WEIGHT OF TITANIUM PRESENT INVENTION - 0.25% BY WEIGHT OF MAGNESIUM 2.78% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER 0.46% BY WEIGHT OF ZINK 0.46% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER

    [0363] Specific Gravity:

    [0364] It has been tested and observed that the specific gravity of the 23-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is significantly reduced. While the conventional 23-carat gold has a specific gravity of 18.523 gm/cc, 23 carats gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention with the above composition has demonstrated a specific gravity of 17.92 gm/cc, which is 3.24% less than the conventional 23-carat gold alloy. This is a substantial cost-effectiveness for this high value metal used for jewelry manufacture.

    [0365] Color Retention:

    [0366] 23-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is also compatible in terms of the color retention properties thereof, when compared with conventional 23-carat Gold alloys as observed under (CIE Defined) color spectrograph.

    [0367] Size of test pieces 21 mm21 mm0.32 mm:

    TABLE-US-00078 WI-CIE YI-E3I3 TB-452 Coordinate Coordinate Coordinate No. Side (Whiteness) (Yellowness) Opacity (Brightness) L* a* b* A) Conventional 23-carat Gold Alloy 142.06 61 NA 6.76 42.65 3.34 19.57 141.14 61.03 NA 6.53 42.75 3.39 19.87 140.46 60.93 NA 6.39 44.13 3.45 20.45 Average 141.22 60.98 NA 6.56 43.18 3.39 19.96 B) 23-carat Gold Alloy 117.00 55.81 NA 8.01 43.48 3.51 10.11 117.00 55.67 NA 7.95 43.12 3.45 10.23 117.00 55.54 NA 8.00 43.23 3.39 10.26 Average 117.00 55.67 NA 7.98 43.27 3.45 10.2

    [0368] Enhanced Hardness:

    TABLE-US-00079 23-carat Conventional 23-carat Gold Alloy Gold Alloy Work Hardened Hardness 85-100 135-150 (Vickers HV-.05 ASM F 384-11)

    [0369] SpringinessTest Conducted By Compression Tester:

    TABLE-US-00080 Springiness Observed in 23-carat Springiness Observed Conventional in 23-carat Gold Alloy Gold Alloy Round specimen used Up to appx. 90 gm and Up to appx. 180 gm and is a bangle as the deflection of 4.16 mm deflection of 6.65 mm final product. Size- 53 mm Inner Diameter and Thickness 0.95-1 mm

    [0370] Accordingly, from the above table, it is evident that the springiness witnessed in the Gold Alloy according to the present invention is almost more than double of applied load (pressure) in comparison with the conventional Gold alloy without Zirconium.

    [0371] Higher Resistance to Wear:

    [0372] Test Conducted with media polishing set up in which ceramic is used as media for 2 Hours:

    TABLE-US-00081 Wear Resistance Test Weight Weight Before After Weight Test Test Loss % No. Gold Alloy gm gm gm Loss 1 (Conventional 23-carat 2.222 2.172 0.050 2.250 Gold Alloy) Test piece Size 20 mmm 20 mm 0.3 mm 2 (23-carat Gold alloy 2.15 2.119 0..030 1.44 of the present invention) Test piece Size 20 mm*20 mm*.3 mm

    E124-Carat Having Compositions

    [0373]

    TABLE-US-00082 CONVENTIONAL 99.5% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD ALLOY- 0.5% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER GOLD ALLOY 99.5% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD ACCORDING TO THE 0.15% BY WEIGHT OF ZIRCONIUM PRESENT INVENTION: 0.15% BY WEIGHT OF TITANIUM 0.20% BY WEIGHT OF MAGNESIUM

    [0374] Specific Gravity:

    [0375] It has been tested and observed that the specific gravity of the 24-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is reduced by the above composition. While the conventional 24-carat gold has a specific gravity of 19.219 gm/cc, 24-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention with the above composition has demonstrated a specific gravity of 18.771 gm/cc, which is 2.33% lesser than the conventional 24-carat gold alloy. This is a substantial cost-effectiveness for this high value metal used for jewelry manufacture.

    [0376] Color Retention:

    [0377] 24-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is also compatible in terms of the color retention properties thereof when compared with conventional 24-carat Gold alloys as observed under (CIE Defined) color spectrograph.

    [0378] Size of test pieces 21 mm21 mm0.32 mm:

    TABLE-US-00083 WI-CIE YI-E3I3 TB-452 Coordinate Coordinate Coordinate No. Side (Whiteness) (Yellowness) Opacity (Brightness) L* a* b* A) Conventional 24-carat Gold Alloy 1 150.47 77.53 NA 19.49 73.25 8.85 36.49 150.65 77.49 NA 19.5 73.26 8.86 36.51 148.92 77.27 NA 19.89 73.06 8.9 36.95 Average 150.01 77.43 NA 19.63 73.19 8.87 36.65 B) 24-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention 2 146.68 73.32 NA 24.47 80.45 8.01 41.32 146.79 73.37 NA 24.34 80.44 8.02 41.38 146.98 73.42 NA 24.32 80.46 8.04 41.35 Average 146.82 73.37 NA 24.38 80.45 8.02 41.35

    [0379] Enhanced Hardness:

    TABLE-US-00084 24-carat 24-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Work Hardened Hardness Around 55 75-100 (Vickers HV-.05 ASM F 384-11)

    [0380] SpringinessTest Conducted by Compression Tester:

    TABLE-US-00085 Springiness Observed in Springiness Observed in 24-carat Conventional 24-carat gold alloy of the Gold Alloy present invention Round specimen used is a Up to appx. 75 gm and Up to appx. 255 gm and bangle as the final product. deflection of 0.15 mm deflection of. 8 mm Size- 52.5 mm Inner Diameter and Thickness 0.8 to 0.85 mm

    [0381] Accordingly, from the above table, it is evident that the springiness witnessed in the gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention is substantially higher in comparison with the conventional 24-carat Gold alloy.

    [0382] Higher Resistance to Wear:

    [0383] Test Conducted with media polishing set up in which ceramic is used as media for 2 Hours:

    TABLE-US-00086 Wear Resistance Test Weight Weight Before After Weight Test Test Loss % No. Gold Alloy gm gm gm Loss 1 (Conventional 24-carat 2.306 2.216 0.090 3.902 Gold Alloy) Test piece Size 20 mm*20 mm*.3 mm 2 (24-carat Gold alloy 2.252 2.218 0.034 1.530 of the present invention) Test piece Size 20 mm*20 mm*.3 mm

    E224-Carat Having Compositions

    [0384]

    TABLE-US-00087 CONVENTIONAL 99.5% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD ALLOY- 0.5% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER GOLD ALLOY 99.5% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD ACCORDING TO 0.25% BY WEIGHT OFZIRCONIUM THE PRESENT 0.25% BY WEIGHT OF TITANIUM INVENTION-

    [0385] Specific Gravity:

    [0386] It has been tested and observed that the specific gravity of the 24-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is reduced by the above composition. While the conventional 24-carat gold has a specific gravity of 19.219 gm/cc, 24-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention with the above composition has demonstrated a specific gravity of 19.05 gm/cc, which is 0.88% lesser than the conventional 24-carat gold alloy. This is a substantial cost-effectiveness for this high value metal used for jewelry manufacture.

    [0387] Color Retention:

    [0388] 24-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is also compatible in terms of the color retention properties thereof, when compared with conventional 24-carat Gold alloys as observed under (CIE Defined) color spectrograph.

    [0389] Size of test pieces 21 mm21 mm0.32 mm:

    TABLE-US-00088 WI-CIE YI-E3I3 TB-452 Coordinate Coordinate Coordinate No. Side (Whiteness) (Yellowness) Opacity (Brightness) L* a* b* A) Conventional 24-carat Gold Alloy 1 150.47 77.53 NA 19.49 73.25 8.85 36.49 150.65 77.49 NA 19.5 73.26 8.86 36.51 148.92 77.27 NA 19.89 73.06 8.9 36.95 Average 150.01 77.43 NA 19.63 73.19 8.87 36.65 B) 24-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention 2 145.12 71.52 NA 28.38 81.45 6.58 37.87 145.78 71.25 NA 29.05 81.5 7.02 37.03 145.85 71.30 NA 28.93 81.4 7.23 37.11 Average 145.53 71.35 NA 28.79 81.45 6.94 37.33

    [0390] Enhanced Hardness:

    TABLE-US-00089 24-carat 24-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Work Hardened Hardness Around 55 75-105 (Vickers HV-.05 ASM F 384-11)

    [0391] SpringinessTest Conducted by Compression Tester:

    TABLE-US-00090 Springiness Observed in Springiness Observed in 24-carat Conventional 24-carat gold alloy of the Gold Alloy present invention Round specimen used is a Up to appx. 75 gm and Up to appx. 95 gm and bangle as the final product. deflection of 0.15 mm deflection of .3 mm Size- 52.5 mm Inner Diameter and Thickness 0.8 to 0.85 mm

    [0392] Accordingly, from the above table, it is evident that the springiness witnessed in the gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention is substantially higher in comparison with the conventional 24-carat Gold alloy.

    [0393] Higher Resistance to Wear:

    [0394] Test Conducted with media polishing set up in which ceramic is used as media for 2 Hours:

    TABLE-US-00091 Wear Resistance Test Weight Weight Before After Weight Test Test Loss % No. Gold Alloy gm gm gm Loss 1 (Conventional 24-carat 2.306 2.216 0.090 3.902 Gold Alloy) Test piece Size 20 mm*20 mm*.3 mm 2 (24-carat Gold alloy of the 2.286 2.249 0.037 1.61 present invention) Test piece Size 20 mm*20 mm*.3 mm

    E324-Carat Having Compositions

    [0395]

    TABLE-US-00092 CONVENTIONAL 99.5% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD ALLOY- 0.5% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER GOLD ALLOY ACCORDING TO 99.5% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD THE PRESENT 0.25% BY WEIGHT OF ZIRCONIUM INVENTION- 0.25% BY WEIGHT OF MAGNESIUM

    [0396] Specific Gravity:

    [0397] It has been tested and observed that the specific gravity of the 24-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is reduced by the above composition. While the conventional 24-carat gold has a specific gravity of 19.219 gm/cc, 24-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention with the above composition has demonstrated a specific gravity of 18.73 gm/cc, which is 2.53% lesser than the conventional 24-carat gold alloy. This is a substantial cost-effectiveness for this high value metal used for jewelry manufacture.

    [0398] Color Retention:

    [0399] 24-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is also compatible in terms of the color retention properties thereof, when compared with conventional 24-carat Gold alloys as observed under (CIE Defined) color spectrograph.

    [0400] Size of test pieces 21 mm21 mm0.32 mm:

    TABLE-US-00093 WI-CIE YI-E3I3 TB-452 Coordinate Coordinate Coordinate No. Side (Whiteness) (Yellowness) Opacity (Brightness) L* a* b* A) Conventional 24-carat Gold Alloy 1 150.47 77.53 NA 19.49 73.25 8.85 36.49 150.65 77.49 NA 19.5 73.26 8.86 36.51 148.92 77.27 NA 19.89 73.06 8.9 36.95 Average 150.01 77.43 NA 19.63 73.19 8.87 36.65 B) 24-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention 2 146.0 74.88 NA 27.09 80.05 6.00 36.10 146.05 74.56 NA 27.12 80.37 5.75 36.5 146.13 74.51 NA 26.99 80.23 5.95 36.65 Average 146.04 74.65 NA 27.06 80.21 5.9 36.41

    [0401] Enhanced Hardness:

    TABLE-US-00094 24-carat 24-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Work Hardened Hardness Around 55 80-95 (Vickers HV-.05 ASM F 384-11)

    [0402] SpringinessTest Conducted by Compression Tester:

    TABLE-US-00095 Springiness Observed in Springiness Observed in 24-carat Conventional 24-carat gold alloy of the Gold Alloy present invention Round specimen used is a Up to appx. 75 gm and Up to appx. 200 gm and bangle as the final product. deflection of 0.15 mm deflection of .6 mm Size- 52.5 mm Inner Diameter and Thickness 0.8 to 0.85 mm

    [0403] Accordingly, from the above table, it is evident that the springiness witnessed in the gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention is substantially higher in comparison with the conventional 24-carat Gold alloy.

    [0404] Higher Resistance to Wear:

    [0405] Test Conducted with media polishing set up in which ceramic is used as media for 2 Hours:

    TABLE-US-00096 Wear Resistance Test Weight Weight Before After Weight Test Test Loss % No. Gold Alloy gm gm gm Loss 1 (Conventional 24-carat 2.306 2.216 0.090 3.902 Gold Alloy) Test piece Size 20 mm*20 mm*.3 mm 2 (24-carat Gold alloy of the 2.248 2.204 0.044 1.95 present invention) Test piece Size 20 mm*20 mm*.3 mm

    E424-Carat Having Compositions

    [0406]

    TABLE-US-00097 CONVENTIONAL 99.5% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD ALLOY- 0.5% BY WEIGHT OF SILVER GOLD ALLOY 99.5% BY WEIGHT OF GOLD ACCORDING TO 0.25% BY WEIGHT OF TITANIUM THE PRESENT 0.25% BY WEIGHT OF MAGNESIUM INVENTION-

    [0407] Specific Gravity:

    [0408] It has been tested and observed that the specific gravity of the 24-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is reduced by the above composition. While the conventional 24-carat gold has a specific gravity of 19.219 gm/cc, 24-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention with the above composition has demonstrated a specific gravity of 18.67 gm/cc, which is 2.84% lesser than the conventional 24-carat gold alloy. This is a substantial cost-effectiveness for this high value metal used for jewelry manufacture.

    [0409] Color Retention:

    [0410] 24-carat Gold alloy made according to the present invention is also compatible in terms of the color retention properties thereof, when compared with conventional 24-carat Gold alloys as observed under (CIE Defined) color spectrograph.

    [0411] Size of test pieces 21 mm21 mm0.32 mm:

    TABLE-US-00098 WI-CIE YI-E3I3 TB-452 Coordinate Coordinate Coordinate No. Side (Whiteness) (Yellowness) Opacity (Brightness) L* a* b* A) Conventional 24-carat Gold Alloy 1 150.47 77.53 NA 19.49 73.25 8.85 36.49 150.65 77.49 NA 19.5 73.26 8.86 36.51 148.92 77.27 NA 19.89 73.06 8.9 36.95 Average 150.01 77.43 NA 19.63 73.19 8.87 36.65 B) 24-carat gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention 2 147.13 73.02 NA 25.05 79.12 7.1 34.12 147.14 73.18 NA 25.52 79.67 7.1 34.23 147.15 73.58 NA 25.73 79.62 7.1 34.36 Average 147.14 73.26 NA 25.43 79.47 7.1 34.23

    [0412] Enhanced Hardness:

    TABLE-US-00099 24-carat 24-carat gold Conventional of the present Gold Alloy invention Work Hardened Hardness Around 55 75-100 (Vickers HV-.05 ASM F 384-11)

    [0413] SpringinessTest Conducted by Compression Tester:

    TABLE-US-00100 Springiness Observed in Springiness Observed in 24-carat Conventional 24-carat gold alloy of the Gold Alloy present invention Round specimen used is a Up to appx. 75 gm and Up to appx. 140 gm and bangle as the final product. deflection of 0.15 mm deflection of .45 mm Size- 52.5 mm Inner Diameter and Thickness 0.8 to 0.85 mm

    [0414] Accordingly, from the above table, it is evident that the springiness witnessed in the gold alloy made in accordance with the present invention is substantially higher in comparison with the conventional 24-carat Gold alloy.

    [0415] Higher Resistance to Wear:

    [0416] Test Conducted with media polishing set up in which ceramic is used as media for 2 Hours:

    TABLE-US-00101 Wear Resistance Test Weight Weight Before After Weight Test Test Loss % No. Gold Alloy gm gm gm Loss 1 (Conventional 24-carat 2.306 2.216 0.090 3.902 Gold Alloy) Test piece Size 20 mm*20 mm*.3 mm 2 (24-carat Gold alloy of the 2.240 2.201 0.039 1.73 present invention) Test piece Size 20 mm*20 mm*.3 mm

    TECHNICAL ADVANTAGES & ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE

    [0417] Some of the technical advantages of the gold alloy containing at least two out of zirconium, magnesium and titanium or all three together as an alloying element made in accordance with the present invention are as under: [0418] Lower weight for the same volume in comparison to the conventional Gold alloy [0419] Color retention in jewelry manufacture from this alloy is compatible in terms of the color retention properties and as observed under (CIE Defined) color spectrograph with conventional alloy [0420] Offers a workable malleability and ductility in jewelry manufacture [0421] Age Hardening [0422] Enhanced Hardness [0423] Improved Springiness (Resilience) [0424] Higher resistance to wear [0425] Better Luster

    [0426] Throughout this specification, the word comprise, or variations such as comprises or comprising, shall be understood to implies including a described element, integer or method step, or group of elements, integers or method steps, however, does not imply excluding any other element, integer or step, or group of elements, integers or method steps.

    [0427] The use of the expression a, at least or at least one shall imply using one or more elements or ingredients or quantities, as used in the embodiment of the disclosure in order to achieve one or more of the intended objects or results of the present invention.

    [0428] The exemplary embodiments described in this specification are intended merely to provide an understanding of various manners in which this embodiment may be used and to further enable the skilled person in the relevant art to practice this invention. The description provided herein is purely by way of example and illustration.

    [0429] Although the embodiments presented in this disclosure have been described in terms of its preferred embodiments, the skilled person in the art would readily recognize that these embodiments can be applied with modifications possible within the spirit and scope of the present invention as described in this specification by making innumerable changes, variations, modifications, alterations and/or integrations in terms of materials and method used to configure, manufacture and assemble various constituents, components, subassemblies and assemblies, in terms of their size, shapes, orientations and interrelationships without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.

    [0430] While considerable emphasis has been placed on the specific features of the preferred embodiment described here, it will be appreciated that many additional features can be added and that many changes can be made in the preferred embodiments without departing from the principles of the invention.

    [0431] These and other changes in the preferred embodiment of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein, whereby it is to be distinctly understood that the foregoing descriptive matter is to be interpreted merely as illustrative of the invention and not as a limitation.