Abstract
What is shown and described here is a device for machining, in particular for simultaneously machining multiple wheelsets of a rail vehicle, comprising: a first underfloor wheelset lathe for reprofiling wheels and brake discs of a first wheel set of a rail vehicle, and a second underfloor wheelset lathe for reprofiling wheels and brake discs of a second wheelset of a rail vehicle. In order to allow simultaneous machining of multiple wheelsets of a rail vehicle in the installed state, it is proposed that the distance between the second underfloor wheelset lathe and the first underfloor wheelset lathe be adjustable. What is shown and described here in addition is a method for machining, in particular for simultaneously machining multiple wheelsets of a rail vehicle.
Claims
1-17. (canceled)
18. A device for machining, in particular for simultaneously machining multiple wheelsets of a rail vehicle, comprising: a first underfloor wheelset lathe for reprofiling wheels and brake discs from a first wheelset of a rail vehicle, a second underfloor wheelset lathe for reprofiling wheels and brake discs from a second wheelset of a rail vehicle, a third underfloor wheelset lathe for reprofiling wheels and brake discs from a third wheelset of a rail vehicle, and a fourth underfloor wheelset lathe for reprofiling wheels and brake discs from a fourth wheelset of a rail vehicle, wherein a second rail support is arranged between the third underfloor wheelset lathe and the fourth underfloor wheelset lathe, wherein the distance between the second underfloor wheelset lathe and the first underfloor wheelset lathe is adjustable, wherein the distance between the third underfloor wheelset lathe and the first underfloor wheelset lathe is adjustable, and/or wherein the distance between the fourth underfloor wheelset lathe and the first underfloor wheelset lathe is adjustable, characterised in that the second rail support is displaceable relative to the third underfloor wheelset lathe and/or relative to the fourth underfloor wheelset lathe.
19. The device according to claim 18, characterised in that the first underfloor wheelset lathe and/or the second underfloor wheelset lathe and/or the third underfloor wheelset lathe and/or the fourth underfloor wheelset lathe comprise(s) the following: a machine stand, a crossbeam for bridging a workshop track with two rails in the transverse direction, two roller carriers, four friction rollers, at least one friction roller drive for driving the friction rollers, and at least one axial guide roller for axial guidance of the wheelset, with the crossbeam being mounted on the machine stand, with the roller carriers being movably connected to the machine stand, and with the friction rollers being rotatably mounted on the roller carrier.
20. The device according to claim 18, characterised in that the first underfloor wheelset lathe and the second underfloor wheelset lathe are arranged in opposite directions and/or in that a first rail support is arranged between these two underfloor wheelset lathes.
21. The device according to claim 20, characterised in that the first rail support is displaceable relative to the first underfloor wheelset lathe and/or relative to the second underfloor wheelset lathe.
22. The device according to claim 18, characterised in that the third underfloor wheelset lathe and the fourth underfloor wheelset lathe are arranged in opposite directions.
23. The device according to claim 18, characterised in that the second rail support is mechanically coupled to the third underfloor wheelset lathe or to the fourth underfloor wheelset lathe.
24. The device according to claim 18, characterised by a device for controlling the positioning of the underfloor wheelset lathes and/or the rail supports.
25. A method for machining, in particular for simultaneously machining multiple wheelsets of a rail vehicle, comprising the following steps: a) Provision of: a first underfloor wheelset lathe for reprofiling wheels and brake discs from a first wheelset of a rail vehicle, and a second underfloor wheelset lathe for reprofiling wheels and brake discs from a second wheelset of a rail vehicle, b) Provision of at least two wheelsets to be machined of a rail vehicle, c) Adjusting the distance between the second underfloor wheelset lathe and the first underfloor wheelset lathe, d) Setting down and clamping of at least two wheelsets to be machined on the underfloor wheelset lathes assigned to them, and e) Machining at least two wheelsets to be machined of the rail vehicle on the underfloor wheelset lathes assigned to them, wherein a third underfloor wheelset lathe for reprofiling wheels and brake discs of a third wheelset of a rail vehicle and a fourth underfloor wheelset lathe for reprofiling wheels and brake discs of a fourth wheelset of a rail vehicle are additionally provided in step a), four wheelsets to be machined of a rail vehicle are provided in step b), in step c), the distance between the third underfloor wheelset lathe and the first underfloor wheelset lathe is adjusted and the distance between the fourth underfloor wheelset lathe and the first underfloor wheelset lathe is adjusted, in step d), four wheelsets to be machined are set down and clamped on the underfloor wheelset lathes assigned to them, in step e), the third wheelset and/or the fourth wheelset of the rail vehicle is additionally machined on the underfloor wheelset lathes associated therewith, and wherein in step a), a second rail support is provided between the third underfloor wheelset lathe and the fourth underfloor wheelset lathe, characterized in that the step c) comprises the following substeps: ca) determining the type of rail vehicle with the wheelsets to be machined, and cb) Setting stored, vehicle-specific distances between the second underfloor wheelset lathe and the first underfloor wheelset lathe, and that the second rail support is displaceable relative to the third underfloor wheelset lathe and/or relative to the fourth underfloor wheelset lathe.
26. The method according to claim 25, characterised in that in step a) an underfloor wheelset lathe is provided.
27. The method according to claim 25, characterised in that the step c) comprises the following substep: cb) Setting stored, vehicle-specific distances between the second and third and/or fourth underfloor wheelset lathes and the first underfloor wheelset lathe.
28. The method according to claim 27, characterised by the following step carried out after step ca) and before, simultaneously with or after step cb): cc) Setting a stored, vehicle-specific position of at least one rail bridge.
29. The method according to claim 25, characterised in that step d) comprises the following partial steps: da) Setting down and clamping the first wheelset to be machined on the underfloor wheelset lathe assigned to it, db) Measuring the actual distances between the wheelsets to be machined on the rail vehicle, dc) Adapting the preset distances between the second and/or third and/or fourth underfloor wheelset lathes and the first underfloor wheelset lathe to the actually measured distances between the wheelsets to be machined of the rail vehicle, and dd) Setting down and clamping the second, third and fourth wheelset to be machined on the underfloor wheelset lathes assigned to them.
30. The method according to claim 25, characterised by the following step performed prior to step d): cz) Retracting the slide rails.
Description
[0029] The invention will be explained in more detail below using a drawing representing only one preferred design example. In the drawing the following items are shown:
[0030] FIG. 1: an underfloor wheelset lathe known from the state of the art in a plan view,
[0031] FIG. 2: the underfloor wheelset lathe from FIG. 1 in a cut view along the cutting plane II-II as drawn in FIG. 1,
[0032] FIG. 3: a first embodiment and a second embodiment of a state of the art rail vehicle in a side view,
[0033] FIG. 4: a device in accordance with the invention in a side view,
[0034] FIG. 5: the device from FIG. 4 in a plan view,
[0035] FIG. 6: a first sub-area of the device from FIG. 4 in an enlarged side view,
[0036] FIG. 7: the first sub-area from FIG. 6 in a plan view,
[0037] FIG. 8: a second sub-area of the device from FIG. 4 in an enlarged side view,
[0038] FIG. 9: the second sub-area from FIG. 7 in a plan view, and
[0039] FIG. 10: the sequence of the method in accordance with the invention in a schematic representation.
[0040] FIG. 1 shows an underfloor wheelset lathe 1, known from the state of the art, in a plan view. The underfloor wheelset lathe 1 shown has a crossbeam 2 which is mounted on a machine stand 3 (largely concealed in FIG. 1). The machine stand 3 can be placed on a workshop floor and is therefore stationary and cannot be moved. In addition, a track 4 is shown which consists of two rails 4A, 4B running in parallel to one another and include a central axis 5. The distance between the inner edges of the two rails 4A, 4B is designated as track gauge 6. The crossbeam 2 runs approximately at a right angle to the two rails 4A, 4B and to their central axis 5. The underfloor wheelset lathe 1 has two roller carriers 7A, 7B which are arranged at opposite ends of the machine stand 3. Two friction rollers 8 are rotatably mounted on each of the two roller carriers 7A, 7B. The friction rollers 8 are driven by a friction roller drive 9, which transmits its drive power to the two friction rollers 8 via a belt drive 10, two gears 11 and two shafts 12. Instead of the belt drive 10, other means of load transmission could also be used. The roller carriers 7A, 7B each have a housing 13A, 13B in which the shafts 12 are rotatably mounted.
[0041] The two roller carriers 7A, 7B are supported vertically at three points, namely on two vertical rods 14 (inside) and one bracket 15 (outside). Alternatively, other embodiments of the roller carriers 7A, 7B are also possible. The two roller carriers 7A, 7B each have two guide surfaces 16, which can roll on rollers 17, which are provided on the crossbeam 2 or on the machine stand 3. The support of the roller carriers 7A, 7B is explained in more detail in connection with FIG. 2. The underfloor wheelset lathe 1 shown in FIG. 1 also has two holders 18, on each of which an axial guide roller 19 is rotatably mounted. On the underfloor wheelset lathe 1 shown in FIG. 1, a wheelset 20 can be machined, which in the example case shown comprises a wheelset shaft 21 and two wheel discs 22. The wheelset 20 may also include brake discs which are not shown in FIG. 1 for better clarity.
[0042] FIG. 2 shows the underfloor wheelset lathe 1 from FIG. 1 in a cut view along the cutting plane II-II as drawn in FIG. 1. Those areas of the underfloor wheelset lathe 1 which have already been described in connection with FIG. 1 are provided with corresponding reference numbers in FIG. 2and in all other figures. In the cut view, the roughly rectangular cross-section of the crossbeam 2 is clearly visible. In addition, the view selected in FIG. 2 clearly shows that the wheel discs 22 of the wheelset 20 are supported by the two friction rollers 8 and that the rotation of the friction rollers 8 also causes the wheel discs 22 to rotate. The support of the housing 13B of the roller carrier 7B on the two vertical rods 14 is also clearly visible. The two vertical rods 14 are connected in their lower part by a fork 23. The fork 23 can be moved vertically, i.e. raised and lowered, by a lifting cylinder 24 connected to the machine stand 3. This vertical movement also moves the roller carrier 7B and the friction rollers 8 mounted on it in the vertical direction, which allows the underfloor wheelset lathe 1 to be adapted to wheel discs 22 with different diameters. The connection between the housing 13B of the roller carrier 7B and the vertical rods 14 is made via suitable joints 25, as is the connection between fork 23 and lifting cylinder 24. The principle of positioning the roller carrier 7B in the direction of the rail 4B can also be seen: The roller carrier 7B has two guide surfaces 16, which can roll on rollers 17, which are provided on the crossbeam 2 or the machine stand 3. In order to place the wheelset 20 on the friction rollers 8, the rail 4B (as well as the rail 4A not shown) is interrupted 5 in the area of the friction rollers 8 and can be telescopically extended and retracted there.
[0043] FIG. 3 shows a first embodiment and a second embodiment of a state of the art rail vehicle 26 in a side view. The first embodiment of the rail vehicle 26 is shown at the top of FIG. 3, and the second embodiment of the rail vehicle 26 is shown at the bottom of FIG. 3. Both rail vehicles 26, 26 each have two bogies 27A, 27B, in the frames of which two wheelsets 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D are rotatably mounted. Each wheelset 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D has a centrally located axis of rotation 28A, 28B, 28C, 28D. The two wheelsets 20 of each bogie 27 have a distance from each other in the longitudinal direction (i.e. in the direction of travel) of the rail vehicle 26, which is referred to as wheelbase 29. In addition, both bogies 27 of the rail vehicle 26 have a distance to each other in the longitudinal direction, which is referred to as the bogie distance 30. The first embodiment of the rail vehicle 26 and the second embodiment of the rail vehicle 26 have wheelbases 29, 29 and bogie spacings 30, 30, respectively of different sizes. In order to illustrate the differences, a reference plane R is shown in FIG. 3, which runs through the axes of rotation 28B of the two second wheelsets 20B, each seen from the left. Alternatively, the reference plane R could also run through the axis of rotation of another wheelset. In the left area of FIG. 3 it can be seen that the wheelbase 29 of the lower rail vehicle 26 is slightly larger than the wheelbase 29 of the upper rail vehicle 26; thus there is a length difference 31A on the first two wheelsets 20A. Since the bogie spacing 30 of the lower rail vehicle 26 is also greater than the bogie spacing 30 of the upper rail vehicle 26, there is also a length difference 31C on the two third wheelsets 20C; there is also a length difference 31D on the two fourth wheelsets 20D which corresponds to the sum of the length difference 31A and the length difference 31C. The bogie spacings 30, 30 are usually more than 10 m; they can range between 16.0 m and 20.0 m, for example. The wheelbases 29, 29, on the other hand, are usually considerably shorter than 5 m; they can be in the range between 1.5 m and 3.5 m, for example.
[0044] The different dimensions of the two rail vehicles 26, 26 shown in FIG. 3 make the machining of wheelsets 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D more difficult when changing the vehicle type (e.g. from 26 to 26). In particular, the wheelsets 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D have different positions depending on the vehicle type due to the length differences 31A, 31C, 31D, so that the tools used to machine the corresponding wheelsets 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D must also be positioned accordingly. In addition, especially with larger lengthsfor example with bogie spacings of 30, 30there are minor thermal length changes in the range of a few millimetres, which must also be compensated to ensure a precise machining result. This is achieved by the device described below and the method described below.
[0045] FIG. 4 shows a device 32 in accordance with the invention in a side view. FIG. 5 shows the device 32 from FIG. 4 in a plan view. The device 32 shown in FIG. 4 and in FIG. 5 is used to machine multiple wheelsets 20 of a rail vehicle 26. In particular, the device 32 shown serves to machine severalin particular allwheelsets 20 of the same rail vehicle 26 at the same time. The rail vehicle 26 may, for example, be one of the two rail vehicles 26, 26 described above in connection with FIG. 3. The device 32 shown and preferred in FIG. 4 comprises a total of four underfloor wheelset lathes 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D for the reprofiling of wheels and brake discs of the four wheelsets 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D of the rail vehicle 26. Each of the four wheelsets 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D to be machined is therefore assigned its own underfloor wheelset lathe 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D. The underfloor wheelset lathes 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, for example, are the underfloor wheelset lathe 1 already described in connection with FIG. 1 and FIG. 2.
[0046] The two underfloor wheelset lathes 1A, 1B shown on the left in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are arranged in a first pit 33A and are used for machining the two wheelsets 20A, 20B mounted in the first bogie 27A. The two underfloor wheelset lathes 1C, 1D shown on the right are arranged in a second pit 33B and serve to machine the two wheelsets 20C, 20D mounted in the second bogie 27B. Thus, all four wheelsets 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D can be machined simultaneously by the device 32. The arrangement of the four underfloor wheelset lathes 1A-1D in two pits 33A, 33B serves the purpose that the underfloor wheelset lathes 1A-1D are arranged below the height of a track 4, laid on the ground, with two rails 4A, 4B. The two rails 4A, 4B are interrupted in the area of the two underfloor wheelset lathes 1A, 1B arranged in the first pit 33A as well as in the area of the two underfloor wheelset lathes 1C, 1D arranged in the second pit 33B, and are replaced there by movable slide rails 34A, 34B. The two slide rails 34A, 34B can be extended (when moving rail vehicle 26 in and out) and retracted (when machining the wheelsets 20A-20D). To support the two slide rails 34A, 34B, a rail support 35A, 35B is provided both between the two underfloor wheelset lathes 1A, 1B arranged in the first pit 33A and between the two underfloor wheelset lathes 1C, 1D arranged in the second pit 33B. With the device 32 shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the slide rails 34A, 34B are embodied in two parts, so they can be extended and retracted in opposite directions and meet on the rail supports 35A, 35B when extended. Alternatively, single-part slide rails would also be possible. In order to be able to adapt the positions of the four 1A-1D underfloor wheelset lathes to different rail vehicles 26, some or all 1A-1D underfloor wheelset lathes can be moved in the direction of travel X (i.e. in the longitudinal direction of the rail vehicle 26 or in the longitudinal direction of track 4). This property of the device 32 is described in more detail below.
[0047] FIG. 6 shows a first sub-area of the device 32 from FIG. 4 in an enlarged side view. In FIG. 7 the first sub-area from FIG. 6 is shown in a plan view. The sub-area shown is the area shown in FIG. 4 on the left. Those areas of device 32 which have already been described in connection with device 32 in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are provided with corresponding reference numbers in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7. In FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 it can be seen that the device 32 is shown in its working position. This can be seen from the fact that the two-piece slide rails 34A, 34B are retracted so that the wheel discs 22 of the two wheelsets 20A, 20B are no longer supported on the slide rails 34A, 34B but on the friction rollers 8 of the respective underfloor wheelset lathe 1A, 1B. In order to be able to machine the wheelsets 20A, 20B of rail vehicles 26 with different wheel bases 29, it is provided in the case of device 32 that the distance in the direction of travel (X coordinate of the coordinate system shown) can be adjusted between the second underfloor wheelset lathe 1B and the first underfloor wheelset lathe 1A. This can be achieved, for example, by the fact that the first underfloor wheelset lathe 1A and/or the second underfloor wheelset lathe 1B has a support 36A, 36B which permits a displacement of the underfloor wheelset lathe 1A, 1B in the direction of travel (X coordinate of the coordinate system represented) (shown by double arrows). The rail support 35A shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, on the other hand, cannot be moved and is therefore stationary.
[0048] FIG. 8 shows a second sub-area of the device 32 from FIG. 4 in an enlarged side view. In FIG. 9 the second sub-area from FIG. 7 is shown in a plan view. The sub-area shown is the area shown in FIG. 4 on the right. Those areas of device 32 which have already been described in connection with device 32 in FIG. 4 to FIG. 7 are provided with corresponding reference numbers in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9. In FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 it can be seen that the device 32 is shown in its working position. This can be seen from the fact that the two-piece slide rails 34A, 34B are retracted so that the wheel discs 22 of the two wheelsets 20C, 20D are no longer supported on the slide rails 34A, 34B but on the friction rollers 8 of the respective underfloor wheelset lathe 1C, 1D. In order to be able to machine the wheelsets 20C, 20D of rail vehicles 26 with different wheel bases 29, it is provided in the case of device 32 that the distance in the direction of travel (X coordinate of the coordinate system shown) can be adjusted between the fourth underfloor wheelset lathe 1D and the third underfloor wheelset lathe 1C. This can be achieved, for example, by the fact that the third underfloor wheelset lathe 1C and/or the fourth underfloor wheelset lathe 1D has a support 36C, 36D which permits a displacement of the underfloor wheelset lathe 1C, 1D in the direction of travel (X coordinate of the coordinate system represented) (shown by double arrows). The rail support 35B shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 also has a support 37; it is also mechanically coupled to the fourth underfloor wheelset lathe 1D via a coupling element 38. A displacement of the fourth underfloor wheelset lathe 1D therefore results in a corresponding displacement of the rail support 35B. Alternatively, the rail support 35B can also be decoupled from the fourth underfloor wheelset lathe 1D (and all other underfloor wheelset lathes), so that the rail support 35B can be moved in the direction of travel (X coordinate of the coordinate system shown) independently of the underfloor wheelset lathes 1A-1D.
[0049] With the device 32 shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 9, all four underfloor wheelset lathes 1A-1D are mounted on supports 36A, 36B, 35C, 36D in the direction of travel X such that they can be displaced. In order to realize the idea in accordance with the invention, one of the four underfloor wheelset lathes 1A could also be immovably mounted, provided that the other (here: three) underfloor wheelset lathes 1B, 1C, 1D are displaceably mounted in the direction of travel X and can move relative to the immovably mounted underfloor wheelset lathe 1A. Which of the four underfloor wheelset lathes 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D is immovably mounted is irrelevant if all other underfloor wheelset lathes 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D are displaceably or movably mounted.
[0050] Finally, FIG. 10 shows the sequence of the method in accordance with the invention in a schematic representation. The method comprises the following steps: a) provision of: a first underfloor wheelset lathe for reprofiling wheels and brake discs of a first wheelset of a rail vehicle, and a second underfloor wheelset lathe for reprofiling wheels and brake discs of a second wheelset of a rail vehicle, b) provision of at least two wheelsets to be machined of a rail vehicle, c) adjusting the distance between the second underfloor wheelset lathe and the first underfloor wheelset lathe, d) depositing and clamping of theat leasttwo wheelsets to be machined on the underfloor wheelset lathes associated therewith, and e) machining theat leasttwo wheelsets to be machined of the rail vehicle on the underfloor wheelset lathes associated therewith.
LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
[0051] 1, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D: Underfloor wheelset lathe [0052] 2: Crossbeam [0053] 3: Machine stand [0054] 4: Track [0055] 4A, 4B: Rail [0056] 5: Central axis [0057] 6: Track gauge [0058] 7A, 7B: Roller carrier [0059] 8: Friction roller [0060] 9: Friction roller drive [0061] 10: Belt drive [0062] 11: Gear unit [0063] 12: Shaft [0064] 13A, 13B: Housing (of the roller carrier 7A, 7B) [0065] 14: Vertical rod [0066] 15: Bracket [0067] 16 Guide surface [0068] 17: Roller [0069] 18: Holder [0070] 19: Axial guide roller [0071] 20, 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D: Wheelset [0072] 21: Wheelset shaft [0073] 22: Wheel disc [0074] 23: Fork [0075] 24: Lifting cylinder [0076] 25: Joint [0077] 26, 26, 26: Rail vehicle [0078] 27A, 27B: Bogie [0079] 28A, 28B, 28C, 28D: Axis of rotation (of a wheelset 20) [0080] 29, 29, 29: Wheelbase [0081] 30, 30, 30: Bogie spacing [0082] 31A, 31C, 31D: Wheelbase difference [0083] 32: Device (for machining multiple wheelsets) [0084] 33A, 33B: Pit [0085] 34A, 34B: Slide rail [0086] 35A, 35B: Rail support [0087] 36A, 36B: Support (of the underfloor wheelset lathe) [0088] 37: Support (of the rail support) [0089] 38: Coupling element [0090] R: Reference level [0091] X: Longitudinal direction/Direction of travel [0092] Y: Transverse direction
