PRESSURE-REGULATING DEVICE FOR A FUEL CONSUMPTION MEASUREMENT SYSTEM AND FUEL CONSUMPTION MEASUREMENT SYSTEM

Abstract

A pressure-regulating device for a fuel consumption measurement system includes a fuel supply line which supplies fuel to a consumer, a fuel return line, a bypass line which branches off from the fuel supply line, a pressure regulator which sets a free flow cross-section in the bypass line, a pressure sensor arranged at the fuel supply line downstream of where the bypass line branches off, a control unit electrically connected to the pressure sensor, and a pressure-reducing element arranged in the fuel supply line upstream of the pressure sensor and downstream of the branch of the bypass line. The bypass line fluidically connects the fuel supply line to the fuel return line and feeds fuel from the fuel supply line to the fuel return line while bypassing the consumer. The pressure sensor provides pressure measurement values. The control unit regulates the pressure regulator depending on the pressure measurement values.

Claims

1-13. (canceled)

14. A pressure-regulating device for a fuel consumption measurement system, the pressure-regulating device comprising: a fuel supply line which is configured to be connected to a consumer and via which a fuel is suppliable to the consumer; a fuel return line via which the fuel is returnable; a bypass line comprising a branch which branches off from the fuel supply line, the bypass line being configured to fluidically connect the fuel supply line to the fuel return line and to feed the fuel from the fuel supply line to the fuel return line while bypassing the consumer; a pressure regulator which is configured to set a free flow cross-section in the bypass line; a pressure sensor arranged at the fuel supply line downstream of where the branch of the bypass line branches off from the fuel supply line, the pressure sensor being configured to provide pressure measurement values; a control unit which is electrically connected to the pressure sensor, the control unit being configured to regulate the pressure regulator depending on the pressure measurement values of the pressure sensor; and an unregulated pressure-reducing element arranged in the fuel supply line upstream of the pressure sensor and downstream of the branch of the bypass line.

15. The pressure-regulating device as recited in claim 14, wherein the unregulated pressure-reducing element is a check valve.

16. The pressure-regulating device as recited in claim 14, wherein the unregulated pressure-reducing element is a throttle or an orifice.

17. The pressure-regulating device as recited in claim 14, wherein the pressure regulator is a spring-loaded regulating valve.

18. The pressure-regulating device as recited in claim 17, wherein the spring-loaded regulating valve is pneumatically operable.

19. The pressure-regulating device as recited in claim 18, further comprising: an electric pilot valve, wherein, the control unit is further configured to control the electric pilot valve, and a pneumatic pressure for operating the spring-loaded regulating valve is regulated via the electric pilot valve.

20. The pressure-regulating device as recited in claim 14, wherein the pressure regulator is an electric regulating valve which controlled by the control unit.

21. The pressure-regulating device as recited in claim 14, further comprising: a circuitous line which is configured to bypass the pressure-reducing element.

22. The pressure-regulating as recited in claim 21, further comprising: a 3/2 valve, wherein, the circuitous line comprises a branch which branches off from the fuel supply line (14), and the 3/2 valve is arranged at the branch.

23. The pressure-regulating device as recited in claim 14, further comprising: a feed pump arranged downstream of the pressure sensor (58) and upstream of the consumer in the fuel supply line, wherein, the pressure-regulating device is configured to be fluidically connected to the feed pump.

24. The pressure-regulating device as recited in claim 14, wherein, the bypass line is configured to enter into the fuel return line, and the fuel return line is configured to return the fuel which is not consumed to the pressure-regulating device.

25. A fuel consumption measurement system comprising: a fuel supply line which is configured to fluidically connect a tank to a consumer and via which a fuel is supplied from the tank to the consumer via a first fuel pump; a flowmeter arranged in the fuel supply line; a fuel return line which is fluidically connected to the tank or to the fuel supply line downstream of the flowmeter and via which the fuel is returnable to the tank or into the fuel supply line downstream of the flowmeter; a feed pump arranged in the fuel supply line downstream of the flowmeter; and the pressure-reducing device as recited in claim 14, wherein, the bypass line of the pressure-reducing device branches off from the fuel supply line and enters the fuel return line downstream of the flow meter.

26. The fuel consumption measurement system as recited in claim 25, wherein the fuel return line is configured to branch off from the fuel supply line or from a distributor pipe of the consumer downstream of the pressure-regulating device and to enter the pressure-regulating device upstream of where the bypass line enters the fuel return line.

Description

[0023] The fuel consumption measurement system according to the invention having the pressure-regulating device according to the invention is illustrated in the Figures and will be described hereunder on the basis of the Figures.

[0024] FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a fuel consumption measurement device according to the invention having a pressure-regulating unit according to the invention.

[0025] FIG. 2 shows a pressure regulator of the pressure-regulating unit according to the invention.

[0026] The fuel consumption measurement system according to the invention is composed of a tank 10 where fuel is stored. From this tank 10, fuel is pumped into a fuel supply line 14 by means of a first fuel pump 12. The fuel supply line 14 extends to a consumer 16 which is configured as an internal combustion engine 18 having a common rail injection system in this exemplary embodiment. Accordingly, the fuel supply line 14 extends to feed pump 20 configured as high-pressure pump which forms part of the internal combustion engine and via which the fuel is fed into a common rail distributor pipe 22 and compressed. The distributor pipe 22 is fluidically connected to injection valves 24 through which the fuel is injected into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine 18.

[0027] Usually, in these systems, larger fuel amounts are fed than are actually injected through the injection valves 24 such that a fuel return line 26 branches off the distributor pipe 22, said fuel return line extending back to the fuel supply one 14. The returned fuel amounts can be a multiple of the injected fuel amounts.

[0028] For measuring the fuel consumption, a flowmeter 28 is arranged in the fuel supply line 14. Said flowmeter can be realized as a Coriolis meter, for example, or by parallel connection of a displacement meter having a movable piston, for example. In the fuel supply line 14, the rotatory displacement meter is arranged for measuring purposes, which displacement meter is driven by means of a drive motor. In a piston chamber, a piston displaceable in an inertia-free manner is arranged in the parallel line to the displacement device. A change of the volumetric flow in the fuel supply line 14 first results in a deflection of the piston, which deflection is measured by means of a path sensor. The measurement values are provided to a control unit which receives the values and transmits corresponding control signals to the drive motor that is controlled such that the piston is always returned into its defined initial position, the volumetric flow thus being discharged as exactly as possible via the rotatory displacement device. Since a volume fed during a time interval can be associated with each speed of the rotatory displacement device, it is possible to calculate a fuel consumption from these values.

[0029] The flowmeter measures the fuel consumption in the fuel supply line 14. The fuel return line 26 extending back to the fuel supply line 14 enters the fuel supply line 14 downstream of the flowmeter 28 and upstream of a feed pump 29 for preventing this fuel from being measured twice and being able to feed this fuel. When the consumer 16 takes up only a small amount of fuel, merely small amounts of fuel need be supplied to the measurement system through the fuel pump 12, which is why upstream of the flowmeter 28 another return line 30 branches off the fuel supply line 14, through which fuel can be returned to the tank 10 when a sufficient pressure prevails in the fuel supply line 14. In this further return line 30, a mechanical pressure regulator 31 is arranged for this purpose, via which the pressure in front of the flowmeter 28 is set. It would also be possible to regulate the pressure behind the flowmeter 28 via this mechanical flowmeter 31.

[0030] An exact fuel consumption measurement can be performed only when a constant supply line pressure prevails in the fuel supply line 14 immediately in front of the high-pressure pump 20. According to the invention, this is achieved with a pressure-regulating device 32 comprising a bypass line 34 which branches off the fuel supply line 14 and enters the fuel return line 26, wherein the branch is arranged downstream of the flowmeter 28 and downstream of the place where the fuel return line 26 enters the fuel supply line 14 and of the feed pump 20. In this bypass line 34, a pressure regulator 36 configured as a regulating valve is arranged. This pressure regulator 36 comprises a regulating body 38 which is urged away from its valve seat 42 towards the opening of the flow cross-section by a spring 40. In the present case, this pressure regulator 36 is pneumatically closed by introducing a pressure into a pressure chamber 44 which is defined by a membrane 46 connected to the regulating body 38, wherein the pressure acts, counter to the spring force, on the membrane 46, whereby the regulating body 38 is lowered to its valve seat 42 surrounding the flow cross-section once the product of the applied pressure and the surface of the membrane 46 is larger than the force of the spring 40.

[0031] In addition, the pressure-regulating device 32 is constituted of an unregulated, that is static pressure-reducing element 48 which is configured as a check valve in the present exemplary embodiment, but can also be configured as a throttle or an orifice, and is arranged in the fuel supply line 14 downstream of a branch 50 of the bypass line 34. Via this pressure-reducing element 48, a pressure drop between its outlet and its inlet occurs which merely depends on the flow velocity but is constant to a large extent.

[0032] This pressure-reducing element 48 can be bypassed via a circuitous line 52. For this purpose, a branch-off 54 is provided directly upstream of the pressure-reducing element 48, in which branch-off a 3/2-way valve 56 is arranged that serves for ensuring that the supplied fuel optionally either flows via the pressure-reducing element 48 and further through the fuel supply line 14 or through the circuitous line 52 bypassing the pressure-reducing element 48. The circuitous line 52 enters the fuel supply line 14 again directly downstream of the pressure-reducing element 48.

[0033] Downstream of the pressure-reducing element 48, and also downstream of the place where the circuitous line 52 enters the fuel supply line 14 in the present exemplary embodiment, but upstream of the feed pump 20, a pressure sensor 58 is arranged at the fuel supply line 14, via which sensor the supply line pressure in the fuel supply line 14 is measured. This pressure sensor 58 converts the pressure into a corresponding electric signal which is supplied to a control unit 60. This control unit 60 serves for controlling an electric pilot valve 62 via which a pressure from a pressure container 64 or another pressurized-air supply source is controlled and supplied to the pressure sensor 36 or the pressure chamber 44 of the pressure regulator 36. Accordingly, the pressure regulator 36 in the bypass line 34 is regulated depending on the difference between the actual values of the pressure sensor 58 and setpoints transmitted to the control unit 60.

[0034] If a central controller determines that the fuel consumption is to be measured at a supply line pressure of 1 bar in the fuel supply line 14, but the actual value measured by the pressure sensor 58 is only 0.5 bar, the pressure regulator 36 is shifted further into a closed state in that the pilot valve 62 increases the pressure fed into the pressure chamber 44. Thus, the pressure in the fuel supply line 14 increases up to the desired setpoint. If smaller setpoints are specified, they may be below atmospheric pressure since the already low pressure prevailing in front of the pressure-reducing element 48 when the pressure regulator 36 is fully open is further reduced due the pressure drop occurring at said pressure-reducing element and hence may be decreased to 0 bar or even 0.5 bar. If particularly high setpoints are required, the pressure regulator 36 can be fully closed and additionally the two-way valve 56 can be switched such that no pressure drop occurs via the pressure-reducing element 48. This bypassing of the pressure-reducing element 48 can even take place at pressures as from approximately 1.5 bar in order to reduce the load acting on the feed pump 29.

[0035] Thus, the pressure-regulating device 32 according to the invention allows exact fuel consumption measurements across a large pressure range to be performed. These consumption measurements can be performed both at maximum feed pressures of the feed pump and at low feed pressures which can be further down-regulated to 0.8 bar at the fuel supply line. The fuel pressure setpoint is thus set by the electronic control loop in a very short time taking into consideration the actual value of the pressure determined by the pressure sensor such that high regulation accuracy and velocity are achieved. This leads to very exact and reproducible measurement results of the fuel consumption measurement system such that measurements can repeatedly be taken at exactly defined measurement conditions and then compared. Due to the simple configuration of the regulating units used and the small number of elements to be regulated, the necessary number of apparatus and thus the expense are reduced as compared to prior art actively regulating pressure-regulating devices.

[0036] It is appreciated that the invention is not limited to the described exemplary embodiment and various modifications within the scope of protection of the main claim are possible. In particular, it is conceivable that instead of the pneumatic pressure regulator a hydraulic or purely electric pressure regulator can be used. Hence, the control unit of an electric regulating valve can be used with the values of the pressure sensor for direct electric control of the regulating valve, for example. Further, it is understood that various configurations of fuel consumption measurement systems are known where this pressure-regulating device can be used. Hence, in particular, the section of the fuel return line upstream of the mouth of the bypass line is omitted in the case of gasoline applications where no increased fuel feed with return flow from the distributor takes place.