ELECTRODE FOR AN ELECTROLYSIS PROCESS

Abstract

An electrode (1) comprising a metal coil (5), wherein the metal coil (5) comprises a metal selected from copper, silver, gold, nickel and aluminium, wherein turns of the metal coil (5) are separated by a gap.

Claims

1. An electrode comprising: a metal coil, wherein the metal coil comprises a metal selected from copper, silver, gold, nickel and aluminum, wherein turns of the metal coil are separated by a gap; and a metal wire, wherein at least part of the metal wire is arranged inside the metal coil and wherein the metal wire and the metal coil are in electrical contact, wherein the metal wire comprises a metal selected from copper, silver, gold, nickel and aluminum, wherein the metal wire and the metal coil are made of a same metal, wherein the metal coil has a plurality of turns forming an elongated coil body with a central channel along a central axis of the metal coil, and wherein the metal wire extends longitudinally inside the central channel from one end of the metal coil to an other end of the metal coil along the central axis of the metal coil.

2-3. (canceled)

4. The electrode of claim 1, wherein the metal wire extends straight or essentially straight inside the central channel from the one end of the metal coil to the other end of the metal coil.

5. The electrode of claim 1, further comprising an electrically conducting frame to which the metal wire and the metal coil are connected.

6. The electrode of claim 5, wherein the electrically conducting frame is a metal frame.

7. The electrode of claim 5, wherein the electrically conducting frame comprises copper.

8. The electrode of claim 5, wherein the electrically conducting frame is covered with an insulating material.

9. The electrode of claim 1, wherein the metal wire and the metal coil forms a subunit and the electrode comprises at least two such subunits.

10. The electrode of claim comprising an electrically conducting frame to which the metal wire and the metal coil are connected, and wherein the at least two subunits are connected to the electrically conducting frame.

11. The electrode of claim 9, wherein the at least two subunits extend longitudinally in a same plane.

12. The electrode of claim 9, wherein the at least two subunits are parallel.

13. The electrode of claim 1, wherein the metal wire and the metal coil are covered with a nanoporous structure comprising nickel.

14. The electrode of claim 1, wherein the metal wire and the metal coil are galvanically connected.

15. An electrolytic cell comprising two of the electrode according to claim 1 and a membrane configured to separate the two of the electrode.

16. An electrolyser stack comprising at least two of the electrolytic cell according to claim 15.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Examples of the inventive concept will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0035] FIG. 1 schematically shows perspective view of an example of an electrode;

[0036] FIG. 2 schematically shows a perspective view of an example of an electrolytic cell;

[0037] FIG. 3 schematically shows a section through the electrolytic cell shown in FIG. 2;

[0038] FIG. 4 schematically shows an example of an electrolyser stack comprising a plurality of electrolytic cells shown in FIG. 2; and

[0039] FIG. 5 is an exploded view of an electrolyser stack.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which certain embodiments of the invention are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided by way of example so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout the description.

[0041] FIG. 1 shows an example of an electrode 1. The electrode 1 may be used for an electrolysis process, for example for electrolysis of water. The electrode 1 comprises an electrically conducting frame 3. The electrically conducting frame 3 may for example comprise copper.

[0042] In the present example, the electrically conducting frame 3 comprises two frame members 3a and 3b. The two frame members 3a and 3b are configured to be aligned with each other and mounted together to form the electrically conducting frame 3. It is to be noted that the electrically conducting frame 3 could alternatively consist of a single frame member.

[0043] The electrode 1 is configured to be connected to a terminal of a power supply. The exemplified electrode 1 comprises a connection portion 3c configured to be connected to a power supply. In particular, the electrically conducting frame 3 comprises the connection portion 3c. The connection portion 3c may for example be a protrusion or tongue extending from the main body of the electrically conducting frame 3, as shown in FIG. 1.

[0044] The electrode 1 further comprises a metal coil 5 and a metal wire 7. The metal coil 5 may for example comprise copper. The metal wire 7 may for example comprise copper. The metal wire 7 extends inside the metal coil 5. The metal coil 5 has a plurality of turns forming an elongated coil body. The metal coil 5 extends between two opposite sides of the electrically conducting frame 3. The metal wire 7 extends inside the elongated coil body, in particular in a central channel formed by the turns of the coil, in the axial direction of the metal coil 5.

[0045] In the example shown in FIG. 1, the metal wire 7 has a straight or essentially straight longitudinal extension. The metal wire 7 extends from one side of the electrically conducting frame 3 to an opposite side of the electrically conducting frame 3.

[0046] The metal coil 5 and the metal wire 7 may be covered with a nanoporous structure comprising nickel.

[0047] The exemplified electrode 1 comprises a plurality of pairs of metal coils 5 and metal wires 7. Each pair of metal coil 5 and metal wire 7 will in the following be referred to as a subunit 9. These subunits 9 are arranged inside the electrically conducting frame 3 one after the other. The subunits 9 have a longitudinal extension in a common plane. The subunits 9 are arranged in parallel. The pairs of metal coils 5 and metal wires 7 are hence arranged parallel with each other, extending between opposing sides of the electrically conducting frame 3. The subunits 9 may essentially fill the space between the side portions of the frame. Each subunit 9 may hence extend longitudinally from a first side of the electrically conducting frame 3 to an opposite second side of the electrically conducting frame 3, and the plurality of subunits 9 may be arranged one after the other, in parallel, so that they occupy the space from a third side of the electrically conducting frame 3 to a fourth side of the electrically conducting frame 3, opposite to the third side.

[0048] In the present example, the subunits 9 are fixed to the electrically conducting frame 3 between the two frame members 3a and 3b. In particular, each pair of metal coil 5 and metal wire 7 may be clamped between the two frame members 3a and 3b. Other means for attachment of the subunits to the electrically conducting frame are also envisaged. The metal coils and metal wires could for example be attached to the electrically conducting frame by means of screws or other fastening means.

[0049] The electrically conducting frame 3 comprises first through-openings 11a-b and at least one second through-opening, in the present example two second through-openings 13a-b, extending through the electrically conducting frame 3 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the subunits 9, i.e. of the metal coils 5 and the metal wires 7. The first through-openings 111a-b are in fluid communication with the subunits 9 at one end of the subunits 9. The second through-openings 13a-b are in fluid communication with the subunits 9 at an opposite end of the subunits 9. The first through-openings 11a-b may for example be gas outlets such as a first gas outlet 11a and a second gas outlet 11b. The second through-opening(s) 13a-b may for example be liquid inlets to allow liquid to submerge the subunits 9. Gas created in the vicinity of the subunits 9 in an electrolysis process due to liquid contact with the subunits 9 provided with an electric potential may exit the electrically conducting frame 3 via the through-openings 11a-b, as will be explained in more detail in what follow.

[0050] As an alternative to the example described above, the electrode could be provided without metal wires.

[0051] FIG. 2 shows an example of an electrolytic cell 15. The exemplified electrolytic cell 15 comprises two electrodes 1 arranged in a stacked manner. The first through-openings 11a-b of a first of the electrodes 1 are aligned with the corresponding first through-openings of a second of the electrodes 1 of the electrolytic cell 15.

[0052] The second through-openings 13a-b of the first electrode 1 are aligned with the corresponding second through-openings of the second electrode 1 of the electrolytic cell 15. Liquid is thus able to flow through the electrically conducting frames 3 to the subunits 9. Moreover, gas is able to flow from the subunits 9 and through the stacked electrically conducting frames 3 via the first through-openings 11a-b. This configuration is illustrated for the first through-openings 11a of the two electrodes 1 in FIG. 3, which is a section of a to top portion of the electrolytic cell 15 shown in FIG. 2.

[0053] The electrolytic cell 15 may comprise a membrane (not shown), such as a separator membrane. The membrane is arranged between the two electrodes 1. In particular, the membrane may be sandwiched between the two electrodes 1.

[0054] The electrolytic cell 15 may comprise at least one gasket 17 sandwiched between two adjacent electrodes 1. An elastomer, such as a polymeric elastomer, is typically used for the at least one gasket 17. The gasket material may be electrically insulating. In such case, the gasket 17 is configured to electrically insulate the two adjacent electrodes 1 from each other.

[0055] A membrane and one or more gasket(s) 17 may thus jointly separate two adjacent electrodes of an electrolytic cell 15. A membrane and one or more gasket(s) 17 may also jointly separate two adjacent electrolytic cells 15.

[0056] The electrolytic cell 15 may also comprise one or more first sealing members 19a such as O-rings to ensure a fluid tight connection between the two electrodes 1. The electrolytic cell 15 may also comprise second sealing members 19b configured to provide a fluid-tight connection between the frame members 3a and 3b of each electrode 1. The second sealing members 19b may for example be O-rings.

[0057] It has previously been stated that the first through-openings 11a-b of each electrode 1 are in fluid communication with one end of the corresponding subunits 9. In the example in FIG. 3, an example of this fluid communication is provided. In particular, the electrically conducting frame 3 comprises fluid channels 11c extending from only one of the first through-openings 11a-b to the subunits 9. In particular, only one of the electrodes 1 has fluid-channels 11c connected to the first through-opening 11a and only one of the electrodes 1 has fluid channels connected to the first through-opening 11b. This ensures that two gas flows can be separated from each other, as will be explained below.

[0058] The electrically conducting frame 3 may also comprise fluid channels (not shown) for connecting the second through-openings 13a-b with the other end of the subunits 9.

[0059] FIG. 4 shows an electrolyser stack 21. The electrolyser stack 21 comprises a plurality of electrodes 1 arranged one after the other in a stacked manner. In particular, the electrolyser stack 21 comprises a plurality of electrolytic cells 15. Between each pair of adjacent electrodes 1, there is provided at least one gasket 17 and a membrane.

[0060] The exemplified electrolyser stack 21 includes a first end plate 23 configured to be mounted to a first outermost electrode 1 and a second end plate (not shown) configured to be mounted to a second outermost electrode 1, at an opposite end of the electrolyser stack 21.

[0061] The operation of the electrolyser stack 21 will now be described with reference to FIG. 5, which shows an exploded view of the electrolyser stack 21. In the exploded view, some additional components are also shown. Here, for example, the second end plate 25 is shown. The electrodes 1 are arranged one after the other, forming electrolytic cells 15 in adjacent pairs. Each electrolytic cell 15 has a first connection portion 3c and a second connection portion 3d. Each first connection portion 3c is in electrical connection with a respective electrically conducting frame 3. Each second connection portion 3d is in electrical connection with a respective electrically conducting frame 3. All of the first connection portions 3c are in use connected to a first terminal of a power supply. All of the second connection portions 3d are in use connected to a second terminal of a power supply. Thus the electrodes 1 provided with a first connection portion 3c will in use have a first electric potential and the electrodes provided with a second connection portion 3d will have a second electric potential.

[0062] The electrolyser stack 21 is configured to be connected to a liquid supply, typically a water supply. Hereto, the first end plate 23 is provided with fluid inlets 23a and 23b configured to be connected to a liquid supply. The fluid inlets 23a and 23b are connected to a respective one of the second through-openings 13a and 13b. In the example shown in FIG. 5, pipes 27a and 27b can be connected to a respective fluid inlet 23a and 23b.

[0063] The second end plate 25 is provided with fluid outlets (now shown). The fluid outlets are configured to be connected to e.g. pipes. A first fluid outlet is configured to be connected to one of the first through-openings 11a and 11b and a second fluid outlet is configured to be connected to the other of the first through-openings 11a and 11b. Thus, in the present example the first fluid outlet is configured to be connected to the first through-opening 11a and the second fluid outlet is configured to be connected to the first through-opening 11b. When the electrolyser stack 21 has been installed, the second through-openings 13a-b are located closer to the bottom of the electrolyser stack 21 than the first through-openings 11a-b. When for example water such as alkaline water enters the electrolyser stack 21 through the first inlet 27a and the second inlet 27b, the water will flow through the second through-openings 13a and 13b. As more water flows into the electrolyser stack 21, water is distributed and flows upwards into the fluid channels of the electrically conducting frames 3. From here, the water flows into a fluid chamber, which is formed by the stacked electrolytic cells 15. The fluid chamber is subsequently filled with water which contacts the subunits 9, i.e. the metal coils 5 and the metal wires 7. When the electrodes 1 are fed with current, an electrolysis process is initiated. Thus, hydrogen gas is created at the cathodes and oxygen at the anodes. The hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas, which rise due to lower density than water, will as a result of the alternating fluid channel configuration in the electrodes 1, enter a respective one of the two first through-openings 11a and 11b, which are located vertically above the subunits 9. The hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas can thus individually be discharged/released from the electrolyser stack 21.

[0064] In one example of the electrode presented herein the metal coil 5 may have a coil diameter of 1.2 cm, the winding wire diameter may be 1.7 mm and the gap between turns may be 2.5 mm. It is to be noted that this is merely one example and a great plurality of different dimensions of the metal coil are envisaged.

[0065] According to one variation of the present concept, the electrodes may be constructed without the metal wire. Hereto, in such an embodiment, the electrode comprises an electrically conducting frame and at least one metal coil which extends between two opposite sides of the electrically conducting frame. The electrically conducting frame and the metal coil are electrically connected. The metal coil may comprise copper. Typically, the electrode comprises a plurality of metal coils extending parallel with each other from one side to an opposite side of the electrically conducting frame. In this example, an electrolytic cell may be formed by two electrodes of this type. A plurality of electrolytic cells of this type may form an electrolyser stack.

[0066] The invention has mainly been described above with reference to a few embodiments. However, as is readily appreciated by a person skilled in the art, other embodiments than the ones disclosed above are equally possible within the scope of the invention, as defined by the appended patent claims.