Device for separation and removal of light impurities from granular material

Abstract

A device for separation and removal of light impurities of a granular material has a body (1) in the upper part of which is located a fan (2) that sucks air, driven by a motor (3), and in the central part is axially fixed a hopper (6) connected to an inlet (7) of the granular material wherein in the lower part of the device is located a module (13) in the shape of a centripetal guide (14) consisting of a cylindrical housing (15) on the internal wall of which are evenly arranged, at a distance from each other, in different transverse planes, directing plates (16) turned with their ends towards the device axis such that the plates (16) in one plane are shifted in relation to the plates (16) in an adjacent plane. Between the hopper (6) and constituting a separate module (13) the centripetal guide (14) with directing plates (16), a module (8) is located in the shape of a cylinder (9) inside which is located a centrifugal guide (10) that has a shape of an axial supporting member (11) on the surface of which in different transverse planes are fixed directing elements (12) turned with their ends towards the internal wall of the cylinder (9). The modules (8) with the centrifugal guide (10) and the modules (13) with the centripetal guide (14) are placed alternately below the hopper (6).

Claims

1. A device for separation and removal of light impurities of granular material, comprising: a body, a fan in an upper part of the device, the fan sucking air and being driven by a motor, a hopper axially fixed in a central part of the device, a granular material inlet connected with the hopper, and a first module in a lower part of the device and comprising a centripetal guide, the centripetal guide comprising a cylindrical housing, and directing plates fixed to an internal surface of the cylindrical housing and being evenly disposed, at a distance from each other, in various transverse planes, wherein ends of the directing plates are directed towards an axis of the device, wherein radial positions of the directing plates in one plane are shifted in relation to radial positions of the directing plates of a neighboring plane, wherein a second module is disposed entirely between the hopper and the first module, wherein the second module is cylindrical and comprises a centrifugal guide, the centrifugal guide comprising an axial supporting member, and directing elements fixed on the axial supporting member in various transverse planes, and wherein ends of the directing elements are each directed toward an internal cylindrical wall of the second module.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the centrifugal guide is rotationally fixed inside the inner cylindrical wall of the second module.

3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the axial supporting member has a cylindrical surface.

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the axial supporting member constitutes a regular polygon in cross section.

5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the directing elements are fixed to the axial supporting member at equal angular distances from each other in every transverse plane, and wherein radial positions of the directing elements in one plane are shifted in relation to radial positions the directing elements in a neighboring plane by half of an angular distance between the directing elements.

6. The device according to claim 1, wherein the directing elements are fixed to the axial supporting member at various angular distances from each other in every transverse plane, and wherein radial positions of the directing elements in one plane are in spaces between radial positions of the directing elements in a neighboring plane.

7. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises a plurality of the first modules and a plurality of the second modules, and wherein the second modules and the first modules are arranged alternately below the hopper.

8. The device according to claim 1, wherein the directing elements are deflected from an axial surface of the axial supporting member by an angle meeting the condition 2678.

9. The device according to claim 8, wherein the directing elements have a rectilinear profile.

10. The device according to claim 8, wherein the directing elements have a curvilinear profile and are tangentially fixed to the axial surface of the axial supporting element.

11. The device according to claim 10, wherein the directing elements have a radial profile of a radius of curvature r meeting the condition 0.07 dr0.25 d where d is a diameter of the internal cylindrical wall of the second module.

12. The device according to claim 5, wherein a ratio of a total surface area F of all directing elements in all planes visible in an axial view of the centrifugal guide, to an internal cross sectional area S of the hopper is 0.7(F/S)1.4.

13. The device according to claim 5, wherein a ratio of a total surface area G of the directing elements in one transverse plane to an internal cross sectional area S of the hopper is 0.0016(G/S)0.0189.

14. The device according to claim 5, wherein a ratio of a total surface area G of the directing elements in one transverse plane to an internal cross sectional area Q of the second module is 0.0007(G/Q)0.0044.

15. The device according to claim 1, wherein outside diameters of the first and second modules are similar each other and are respectively similar to an outside diameter of the body.

Description

(1) The device according to the invention is visible in embodiments in the drawing in which FIG. 1 shows a schematic presentation of the device in an axial section in which is used one module with a centrifugal guide and one module with a centripetal guide, FIG. 2the centrifugal guide in a side view with the directing elements of rectilinear profile, FIG. 3the module with the centrifugal guide in top view, FIG. 4the centrifugal guide in a side view with the directing elements of a curvilinear profile, FIG. 5the centrifugal guide in a section according to the line V-V of FIG. 4, and FIG. 6the device version in a schematic presentation in an axial section in which are used two modules with a centrifugal guide and two modules with a centripetal guide wherein in the upper module a rotary centrifugal guide is used.

(2) The device according to the invention has a cylindrical body 1 in the upper part of which a fan 2 is located that sucks air, driven by means of an engine 3. The body 1 is mounted on the supporting structure 4 so that its end constituting the outlet 5 of the purified granular material and the inlet of the sucked air is above the ground level. Below the fan 2 in the central part of the body is axially mounted the cylindrical hopper 6 connected to the inlet 7 of the granular material. Below the hopper 6 is axially located the module 8 in the shape of the cylinder 9 inside which is the centrifugal guide 10 having the shape of the axial supporting member 11 on the surface of which in different transverse planes are fixed the directing elements 12 turned with their ends towards the cylinder 9 internal wall. The axial supporting member 11 preferably has a cylindrical surface or constitutes a regular prism. The directing elements 12 are fixed on the surface of the axial supporting member 11 at equal angular distances between them in every transverse plane wherein the elements 12 in one plane are shifted in relation to the elements 12 in an adjacent plane by half of the angular distance between the elements 12. Alternatively, the directing elements 12 can be fixed to the surface of the axial supporting member 11 at different angular distances between them in every transverse plane wherein in this case the elements 12 in one plane are in the spaces between the elements 12 in an adjacent plane. The directing elements 12 are deflected from the surface of the axial supporting member 11 by the angle from 26 to 78, preferably 45 and can have a rectilinear or curvilinear profile. The directing elements 12 of curvilinear profile are fixed tangentially to the surface of the axial supporting member 11 wherein the preferably curvilinear elements 12 have a radial profile of the radius of curvature r from 0.07 to 0.25 of the cylinder 9 inside diameter d value. The value of the ratio of the total surface area F of all directing elements 12 visible in the axial view (FIG. 3) in all planes, to the hopper 6 interior cross section surface area S is from 0.7 to 1.4 whereas the value of the ratio of the total surface area G of the directing elements 12 in one transverse plane (FIG. 5) to the mentioned hopper 6 interior cross section surface area S is from 0.0016 to 0.0189.

(3) Moreover, the value of the ratio of the mentioned surface area G of the directing elements 12 in one transverse plane, to the surface area Q of the cylinder 9 interior cross section is from 0.0007 to 0.0044. Below the module 8 with the centrifugal guide 10 is mounted the module 13 in the shape of a centripetal guide 14 consisting of a cylindrical housing 15 on the internal surface of which are arranged evenly at a distance from each other, in different transverse planes, the directing plates 16 turned with their ends towards the device axis such that the plates 16 in one plane are shifted in relation to the plates 16 in an adjacent plane. The modules 8 with the centrifugal guide 10 and the modules 13 with the centripetal guide 14 are places alternately below the hopper 6. The outside diameters of both modules 8 and 13 are similar to each other and respectively similar to the device body 1 outside diameter so such that they can be slid over each other. In the version of the device (FIG. 6) is used the module 8 with the centrifugal guide 10 fixed rotary and driven by an additional motor 17 through the transmission 18 wherein such a device can be used to purify sawdust and plastics where there is suspending the purifying material on the directing elements 12 of the centrifugal guide 10. The impurities together with the air sucked by the fan 2 are discharged outside through the outlet duct 19 equipped with the adjusted diagraph 20.