BFS-FFS DEVICES AND METHODS FOR DELIVERING A SUBSTANCE TO A BODY CAVITY

Abstract

The present invention provides methods and a BFS/FFS system for delivering either one or more substances within at least one body cavity, characterized by a vial comprising V.sub.sub [ml] of said substances; said vail selected from a pierceable container, a blow-fill-seal and a form-fill-seal, having fluid inlet and a fluid discharging outlet of diameter D [mm], configured for placement in proximity to said body cavity; said fluid inlet configured by means of size and shape to interface in a sealable manner a puncturing member, configured to, upon coupling to said fluid inlet, piercing the same, thereby providing said substances in a fluid communication, via a valve, with a chamber configured to accept pressurized fluid at volume V.sub.PF [ml] and pressure P.sub.PF [barg]; said valve is commutable from an CLOSE to an OPEN CONFIGURATION within a short period of time, <500 milliseconds (dT); at said OPEN CONFIGURATION, said pressurized fluid flows from said chamber, via said fluid inlet, entrains said substances by one of the followings: (i) one portion m.sup.V.sub.PF/n, n=portion (%, v/v), m=1, (ii) a plurality of portions, m.sup.V.sub.PF/n, m2, or (iii) the whole V.sub.PF, n,m=1 erupts via said fluid discharging outlet to within said body cavity.

Claims

1. A device for delivering either one or more substances within at least one body cavity, characterized by a vial comprising V.sub.sub [ml] of said substances; said vail selected from a pierceable container, a blow-fill-seal and a form-fill-seal, having fluid inlet and a fluid discharging outlet of diameter D [mm], configured for placement in proximity to said body cavity; said fluid inlet configured by means of size and shape to interface in a sealable manner a puncturing member, configured to, upon coupling to said fluid inlet, piercing the same, thereby providing said substances in a fluid communication, via a valve, with a chamber configured to accept pressurized fluid at volume V.sub.PF [ml] and pressure P.sub.PF [barg]; said valve is commutable from an CLOSE to an OPEN CONFIGURATION within a short period of time, <500 milliseconds (dT); at said OPEN CONFIGURATION, said pressurized fluid flows from said chamber, via said fluid inlet, entrains said substances by one of the followings: (i) one portion m.sup.VPF/n, n=portion (%, v/v), m=1, (ii) a plurality of portions, m.sup.VPF/n, m2, or (iii) the whole V.sub.PF, n,m=1 erupts via said fluid discharging outlet to within said body cavity.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein said device is configured to deliver said V.sub.sub substance and V.sub.PF pressurized fluid through said fluid discharging outlet of diameter D [mm] in (a) pressure rate of dP.sub.PF/dT; (b) volume rate of dV.sub.PF/dT; (c) pressure rate of dP.sub.sub/dT; (d) volume rate of dV.sub.sub/dT; and at least one of the following is held true: P.sub.PF is in a range of 1 to 10 barg; a. V.sub.PF is in a range of 1 to 50 ml; b. V.sub.sub is in a range of 0.01 to 7 ml; c. D is in a range of 0.2 to 6 mm; d. said pressure rate, $\frac{d.Math..Math.P}{d.Math..Math.T}.fwdarw.;$ e. said pressure velocity dP.sub.PF/dT is greater than 0.001 barg/ms; f said pressure velocity dP.sub.PF/dT is greater than 0.01 barg/ms; g. said volume rate dV.sub.sub/dT is greater than 0.0001 ml/ms; h. said volume rate dV.sub.sub/dT is greater than 0.001 ml/ms; i. said volume rate dV.sub.PF/dT is greater than 0.001 ml/ms; j. said volume rate dV.sub.PF/dT is greater than 0.01 ml/ms; k. said predetermined period of time, dT.fwdarw.0; l. dT is in a range of 0 to 500 milliseconds; m. dP.sub.PF/dT equals KdP.sub.sub/dT, K is ranging between 0.1 to 10; and n. any combination thereof.

3. The device of claim 1, wherein at least one of the following is true: a. said body orifice is a nasal cavity, the mouth, the throat, an ear, the vagina, the rectum, the urethra, and any combination thereof. b. viscosity of said substance is in a range of 110.sup.3 poise to 1 poise; c. DV.sub.50 diameter of particles of said substance, after exit from said device, is less than 200 m; d. DV.sub.90 diameter of said particles is less than 1000 m; e. a full width of a plume of aerosol comprising said substance and said gas subtends an angle between 25 and 45; and the width of the plume at 6 cm from the nozzle of the device is in the range of 3cm1 cm; f. particles in said plume have velocities in a range of 5 m/s to 50 m/s; g. said pressurized gas is selected from a group consisting of air, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, helium, neon, xenon and any combination thereof; h. during dispensing of said at least one substance, a mixture of said predetermined volume V.sub.gas [ml] of said pressurized gas with said predetermined volume V.sub.sub [ml] of said substance entrained within it forms a plume of aerosol; said aerosol having a predetermined distribution, said distribution being either homogeneous or heterogeneous, said heterogeneous distribution is selected from a group consisting of: an arbitrary distribution, a distribution in which the density of said at least one substance within said mixture follows a predetermined pattern, and any combination thereof; characteristics of said aerosol selected from a group consisting of: particle size, particle shape, particle distribution, and any combination thereof, are determinable from characteristics of said device selected from a group consisting of: said predetermined volume of said pressurized gas, said predetermined volume of said substance, said predetermined pressure of said pressurized gas, said predetermined orifice size, and any combination thereof; i. at least one said substance is selected from a group consisting of a gas, a liquid, a powder, an aerosol, a slurry, a gel, a suspension and any combination thereof; j. at least one said substance is stored under either an inert atmosphere or under vacuum to prevent reactions during storage; k. a dose-response curve is substantially linear for brain concentration of said substance when administered nasally via said device; and l. a dose-response curve for brain concentration having a fit selected from a group consisting of logarithmic, parabolic, exponential, sigmoid, power-low, and any combination thereof; of said substance when administered nasally via said device.

4. The device of claim 1, wherein said container is a capsule having a main longitudinal axis, said capsule comprising a number n of compartments, said capsule configured to contain said predetermined volume V.sub.sub [ml] of said at least one substance, said volume V.sub.sub [ml] of said at least one substance containable in at least one of said n compartments; at least one of the following being true: a. the number n of said compartments is an integer greater than or equal to 1; at least one said compartment has cross-section with shape selected from a group consisting of: wedge shaped, circular, oval, elliptical, polygonal, annular, and any combination thereof; b. for said number n of compartments being an integer greater than 1, at least two said compartments have different volumes; c. for said number n of compartments being an integer greater than 1, at least two said compartments have the same volume; d. for said number n of compartments being an integer greater than 1, at least two said compartments have different cross-sectional areas; e. for said number n of compartments being an integer greater than 1, at least two said compartments have the same cross-sectional area; f. for said number n of compartments being an integer greater than 1, at least two said compartments contain different substances; g. for said number n of compartments being an integer greater than 1, at least two said compartments contain the same substance; h. for said number n of compartments being an integer greater than 1, at least two said compartments are disposed coaxially around said main longitudinal axis of said capsule; i. for said number n of compartments being an integer greater than 1, at least two said compartments are disposed sequentially along said main longitudinal axis of said capsule; j. for said number n of compartments greater than 1, said plurality of substances mix during said dispensing; and k. for said number n of compartments greater than 1, said plurality of substances react during said dispensing.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein said container comprises a port fluidly connectable to the exterior of said device, said port configured such that said at least one substance is insertable into said chamber via said port.

6. The device of claim 3, wherein said device comprises a port cover configured to provide an air-tight closure for said port, said port cover slidable along said device, rotatable around said device, rotatable around a hinge on the exterior of said device and any combination thereof.

7. The device of claim 1, wherein said pressurized fluid entrains said substance in a pulsed manner, such that a plurality of potions V.sub.PF erupts via said fluid discharging outlet to within said body cavity

8. The device of claim 1, further comprising a safety latch.

9. The device of claim 1, wherein, when said substance is delivered into a tube, at least one of the following is true: a. the distance travelled down the tube is L and L is substantially independent of said viscosity of said substance; b. the distance travelled down the tube is L, where L=a.sub.1aP+b.sub.1a; the units of L are cm and the units of P are barg, a.sub.1a is in a range of about 0 to about 70 and b.sub.1a is in a range of about 0 to about 130; c. L is substantially independent of V.sub.sub; d. the distance travelled down the tube is L, L=a.sub.1bP.sup.3b.sub.1bP.sup.2+c.sub.1bP; the units of L are cm and the units of P are barg, a.sub.1b is in a range of about 2 to about 6, b.sub.1b is in a range of about 20 to about 60 and c.sub.1b is in a range of about 70 to about 230; e. the distance travelled down the tube is L, L=a.sub.1cP.sup.b1c; the units of L are cm and the units of P are barg, a.sub.1c is in a range of about 71 to about 120 and b.sub.1c is in a range of about 0.30 to 0.63; f. the distance travelled down the tube is L, L=a.sub.2a/(1+b.sub.2a exp(c.sub.2aD); the units of L are cm and the units of P are barg, a.sub.2a is in a range of about 325 to about 363, b.sub.2a is in a range of about 47 to about 163 and c.sub.2a is in a range of about 7 to about 15; g. the distance travelled down the tube is L, L=a.sub.2bD.sup.2+b.sub.2bD+c.sub.2b; the units of L are cm and the units of P are barg, a.sub.2b is in a range of about 928 to about 229, b.sub.2b is in a range of about 600 to about 1378 and c.sub.2b is in a range of about 160 to about 15; h. the distance travelled down the tube is L, L=a.sub.3aV.sub.sub+b.sub.3a; the units of L are cm and the units of P are barg, a.sub.3a is in a range of about 0.55 to about 0.59 and b.sub.3a is in a range of about 96 to about 467. i. the distance travelled down the tube is L, L=a.sub.5aV.sub.gas+b.sub.5a; the units of L are cm and the units of P are barg, a.sub.5a is in a range of about 3.7 to about 13.5 and b.sub.5a is in a range of about 152 to about 248. j. the distance travelled down the tube is L, L=b.sub.5bV.sub.gas/(a.sub.5b+V.sub.gas); the units of L are cm and the units of P are barg, a.sub.5b is in a range of about 0.18 to about 5.3 and b.sub.5b is in a range of about 268 to about 498. and k. the distance travelled down the tube is L, L=a.sub.5cV.sub.gas.sup.b5c; the units of L are cm and the units of P are barg, a.sub.5c is in a range of about 19 to about 250 and b.sub.5c is in a range of about 0.09 to about 0.9.

10. The device of claim 1, wherein said substance is selected from a group consisting of proteins; stem-cells; cells, organs, portions, extracts, and isolations thereof; macro-molecules; RNA or other genes and proteins-encoding materials; neurotransmitters; receptor antagonists; hormones; Ketamine; Baqsimi product commercially available by Lilly (US); Glucagon; substrates to treat one of the followings: anaphylaxis, Parkinson, seizures and opioid overdose; epinephrine; atropine; metoclopramide; commercially available Naloxone or Narcan products; Esketamine (Spravato); Radicava [edaravone]; Ingrezza [valbenazine]; Austedo [deutetrabenazine]; Ocrevus [ocrelizumab]; Xadago [safinamide]; Spinraza [nusinersen]; Zinbryta [daclizumab]; Nuplazid [pimavanserin]; Aristada [aripiprazole lauroxil]; Vraylar [cariprazine]; Rexulti [brexpiprazole]; Aptiom [eslicarbazepine acetate]; Vizamyl [flutemetamol F18 injection]; Brintellix [vortioxetine]; Tecfidera [dimethyl fumarate]; Dotarem [gadoterate meglumine]; Antibody mediated brain targeting drug delivery including aducanumab, gantenerumab, bapineuzumab, solanezumab, ofatumumab CD20, BIIB033, LCN2, HMGB1; insulin; oxytocin; orexin-A; leptin; benzodiazepine i.e. midazolam; naloxone; perillyl alcohol; camptothecin; phytochemicals including curcumin and chrysin; nucleotides; olanzapine; risperidone; Venlafaxin; GDF-5; zonisamide; ropinirole; plant-originated and synthetically-produced terpenes and cannabinoids, including THC and CBD; valproric acid; rivastigmine; estradiol; topiramate or an equivalent preparation comprising CAS No. 97240-79-4; MFSD2 or MFSD2A or sodium-dependent lysophosphatidylcholine symporter; and any esters, salts, derivatives, mixtures, combinations thereof, with or without a carrier, liposomes, lyophilic or water-miscible solvents, surfactants, cells, cells fractions, at a therapeutically effective concentration.

11. The device of claim 1, wherein the body orifice is a nasal cavity, a mouth, a throat, an ear, a vagina, a rectum, a urethra, and any combination thereof.

12. A method for delivering either one or more substances within at least one body cavity, characterized by steps of a. providing a vial with V.sub.sub [ml] of said substances; said vail selected from a pierceable container, a blow-fill-seal and a form-fill-seal, further providing said vail with a fluid inlet and a fluid discharging outlet of diameter D [mm], configured for placement in proximity to said body cavity; b. configuring said fluid inlet by means of size and shape to interface a puncturing member, so that upon coupling to said fluid inlet, piercing of the same, thereby providing said substances in a fluid communication, via a valve, with a chamber configured to accept pressurized fluid at volume V.sub.PF [ml] and pressure P.sub.PF [barg]; said valve is commutable from an CLOSE to an OPEN CONFIGURATION within a short period of time, <500 milliseconds (dT); c. at said OPEN CONFIGURATION, facilitating the flow of said pressurized fluid to from said chamber, via said fluid inlet, thereby by one of the followings: (i) entraining one portion said substances m.sup.VPF/n, n=portion (%, v/v), m=1, (ii) a plurality of portions, m.sup.VPF/n, m2, or (iii) the whole V.sub.PF, n,m=1 volume of said substances; and then d. erupting via said fluid discharging outlet to within said body cavity.

13. The method of claim 12, for the delivery of said predetermined volume V.sub.sub [ml] of said substance and said predetermined volume V.sub.gas of said pressurized gas through said orifice of diameter D [mm] in a pressure rate of dP.sub.gas/dT is provided wherein at least one of the following is held true: (a) providing P.sub.gas is in a range of about 1-10 barg; (b) providing V.sub.gas is in a range of about 1-50 ml; (c) providing V.sub.sub is in a range of about 0.01-7 ml; (d) providing D is in a range of 0.2-6 mm; (e) providing said pressure rate, $\frac{d.Math..Math.P}{d.Math..Math.T}.fwdarw.;$ (f) providing said pressure rate greater than about 0.001 barg/ms; (g) providing said volume rate dV.sub.sub/dT is greater than about 0.0001 ml/ms; (h) providing said volume rate dV.sub.gas/dT is greater than about 0.001 ml/ms; (i) providing said predetermined period of time, dT.fwdarw.0; and (j) providing dT is in a range of about 0 to 500 milliseconds.

14. The method of claim 12 additionally comprising at least one of the following steps: a. selecting said body orifice from a group consisting of a nasal cavity, the mouth, the throat, an ear, the vagina, the rectum, the urethra, and any combination thereof; b. selecting viscosity of said substance to be in a range of about 110.sup.3 poise to about 1 poise; c. characterizing particles of said substance in a delivered aerosol, said aerosol a mixture of said at least one substance and said gas, by a DV50 diameter, said DV50 diameter being less than about 200 m; d. characterizing said particles by a DV90 diameter of less than about 1,000 m; e. characterizing a plume of said aerosol by a plume angle , said plume angle subtending the full width of said plume, said plume angle subtending an angle are between 25 and 45; and the width of the plume at 6 cm from the nozzle of the device is in the range of 3 cm1 cm; f. characterizing velocities of particles in said plume as being in a range of about 5 m/s to 50 m/s; g. selecting said gas from a group consisting of: air, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, helium, neon, xenon and any combination thereof; h. dispensing said at least one substance, and during said step of dispensing, forming a plume of aerosol with predetermined distribution from a mixture of said predetermined volume V.sub.gas [ml] of said pressurized gas and said predetermined volume V.sub.sub [ml] entrained within it; selecting said predetermined distribution from a group consisting of: a homogeneous distribution, a heterogeneous distribution; selecting said heterogeneous distribution from a group consisting of: an arbitrary distribution, a distribution in which the density of said at least one substance within said mixture follows a predetermined pattern, and any combination thereof; selecting characteristics of said aerosol from a group consisting of: particle size, particle shape, particle distribution, and any combination thereof, are determinable from characteristics of said device selected from a group consisting of: said predetermined volume of said pressurized gas, said predetermined volume of said substance, said predetermined pressure of said pressurized gas, said predetermined orifice size, and any combination thereof; i. selecting said substance from a group consisting of: a gas, a liquid, a powder, a slurry, a gel, a suspension, and any combination thereof; j. storing at least one said substance under either an inert atmosphere or under vacuum, thereby preventing reactions during storage; and k. characterizing a dose-response curve for brain concentration of said substance to be of substantially linear form; l. a dose-response curve for brain concentration having a fit selected from a group consisting of logarithmic, parabolic, exponential, sigmoid, power-low, and any combination thereof; of said substance when administered nasally via said device.

15. The device of method of claim 12, wherein said substance is selected from a group consisting of proteins; stem-cells; cells, organs, portions, extracts, and isolations thereof; macro-molecules; RNA or other genes and proteins-encoding materials; neurotransmitters; receptor antagonists; hormones; Ketamine; Baqsimi product commercially available by Lilly (US); Glucagon; substrates to treat one of the followings: anaphylaxis, Parkinson, seizures and opioid overdose; epinephrine; atropine; metoclopramide; commercially available Naloxone or Narcan products; Esketamine (Spravato); Radicava [edaravone]; Ingrezza [valbenazine]; Austedo [deutetrabenazine]; Ocrevus [ocrelizumab]; Xadago [safinamide]; Spinraza [nusinersen]; Zinbryta [daclizumab]; Nuplazid [pimavanserin]; Aristada [aripiprazole lauroxil]; Vraylar [cariprazine]; Rexulti [brexpiprazole]; Aptiom [eslicarbazepine acetate]; Vizamyl [flutemetamol F18 injection]; Brintellix [vortioxetine]; Tecfidera [dimethyl fumarate]; Dotarem [gadoterate meglumine]; Antibody mediated brain targeting drug delivery including aducanumab, gantenerumab, bapineuzumab, solanezumab, ofatumumab CD20, BIIB033, LCN2, HM031; insulin; oxytocin; orexin-A; leptin; benzodiazepine i.e. midazolam; naloxone; perillyl alcohol; camptothecin; phytochemicals including curcumin and chrysin; nucleotides; olanzapine; risperidone; Venlafaxin; GDF-5; zonisamide; ropinirole; plant-originated and synthetically-produced terpenes and cannabinoids, including THC and CBD; valproric acid; rivastigmine; estradiol; topiramate or an equivalent preparation comprising CAS No. 97240-79-4; MFSD2 or MFSD2A or sodium-dependent lysophosphatidylcholine symporter; and any esters, salts, derivatives, mixtures, combinations thereof, with or without a carrier, liposomes, lyophilic or water-miscible solvents, surfactants, cells, cells fractions, at a therapeutically effective concentration.

16. The method of claim 12, wherein the body orifice is a nasal cavity, a mouth, a throat, an ear, a vagina, a rectum, a urethra, and any combination thereof

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings from the priority applications are incorporated by reference. The invention is herein described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0021] FIGS. 1A-B shows an embodiment of the present invention, with FIG. 1A showing an exploded view of the device and FIG. 1B showing the device fully assembled;

[0022] FIGS. 2A-C shows another embodiment of the present invention, with FIG. 2A showing the device,

[0023] FIG. 2B showing a cross section of the device and FIG. 2C showing an enlarged view of a portion of the device;

[0024] FIGS. 3A-D shows another embodiment of the present invention, with FIG. 3A showing a cross-section of the device, FIG. 3B showing an enlarged view a portion of the device, FIG. 3C showing the exterior of the nosepiece and FIG. 3D showing the device from the top;

[0025] FIGS. 4A-C shows another embodiment of the present invention, after activation, with the device shown in FIG. 4A, a cross section of the device in FIG. 4B and an enlarged view a portion of the device in FIG. 4C;

[0026] FIGS. 5A-G show another embodiment of the device, with FIG. 5A showing a side view of a pre-used device carrying a BFS, FIG. 5B showing a cross section of the same, FIGS. 5C and 5D depicting the device when connected to a BFS, FIG. 5E showing the same when the device is ready to use, FIG. 5F showing connection of the BFS to the device; and FIG. 5G showing the device after activation;

[0027] FIGS. 6A-E show another embodiment of the present invention, with FIG. 6A illustrating a front view of a pre-used device carrying a BFS and cross sections of the same; FIG. 6B showing securing of the BFS to the device and breaking the cap; FIG. 6C presenting a cross-section view; FIG. 6D showing a button at the base of the device being pushed; FIG. 6E showing pressurized fluid flowing from the container to the BFS and carrying the drug outward;

[0028] FIGS. 7A-7B illustrating a device being an embodiment of the present invention, a front and exploded view, respectively;

[0029] FIGS. 8A-8E shows same device in various modes of operation; and

[0030] FIG. 9 depict two views of the device interconnected to a safety latch according to an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0031] This application incorporates herein by reference the contents of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/982,996 in its entirety.

[0032] The following description is provided, alongside all chapters of the present invention, so as to enable any person skilled in the art to make use of the invention and sets forth the best modes contemplated by the inventor of carrying out this invention. Various modifications, however, will remain apparent to those skilled in the art, since the generic principles of the present invention have been defined specifically to provide a device capable of improving the transfer of medicament to a predetermined desired location and to provide a device capable of improving the delivery of medicament through the tissue.

[0033] In the present invention, a combination of parameters and forces such as pressure, gas/air volume orifice diameter enable the formation of optimized aerosol characteristics for both improved delivery of aerosol to the target area (such as the olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity) and enhanced absorption at that area for better delivery to a desired tissue (such as the brain).

[0034] The term ul or m hereinafter refers to the unit micro liters.

[0035] The term capsule or container hereinafter refers to a container configured to contain a flowable substance. The term flowable refers hereinafter to any liquid, gas, aerosol, powder and any combination thereof. It should be emphasized that the term capsule can also refer to a predefined volume within the same in which a flowable substance is placed. In other words, the predefined volume is sized and shaped to enclose a predefined volume of the substance.

[0036] The term plurality hereinafter refers to an integer greater than or equal to one.

[0037] The term olfactory epithelium hereinafter refers to a specialized epithelial tissue inside the nasal cavity. The olfactory epithelium lies in the upper top portion of the nasal cavity.

[0038] The term substance hereinafter refers to any substance capable of flowing. Such a substance can be a granular material, including a powder; a liquid; a gel; a slurry; a suspension; and any combination thereof. The term further refers to one or more members of a group consisting of proteins; stem-cells; cells, organs, portions, extracts, and isolations thereof; macro-molecules; RNA or other genes and proteins-encoding materials; neurotransmitters; receptor antagonists; biologic response modifiers; hormones; Ketamine; Baqsimi product commercially available by Lilly (US); biologic response modifiers; Glucagon; substrates to treat one of the followings: anaphylaxis, Parkinson, seizures and opioid overdose; epinephrine; atropine; metoclopramide; commercially available Naloxone or Narcan products; Esketamine (Spravato); Radicava [edaravone]; Ingrezza [valbenazine]; Austedo [deutetrabenazine]; Ocrevus [ocrelizumab]; Xadago [safinamide]; Spinraza [nusinersen]; Zinbryta [daclizumab]; Nuplazid [pimavanserin]; Aristada [aripiprazole lauroxil]; Vraylar [cariprazine]; Rexulti [brexpiprazole]; Aptiom [eslicarbazepine acetate]; Vizamyl [flutemetamol F18 injection]; Brintellix [vortioxetine]; Tecfidera [dimethyl fumarate]; Dotarem [gadoterate meglumine]; Antibody mediated brain targeting drug delivery including aducanumab, gantenerumab, bapineuzumab, solanezumab, ofatumumab CD20, BIIB033, LCN2, HMGB1; insulin; oxytocin; orexin-A; leptin; benzodiazepine i.e. midazolam; perillyl alcohol; camptothecin; phytochemicals including curcumin and chrysin; nucleotides; olanzapine; risperidone; Venlafaxin; GDF-5; zonisamide; ropinirole; plant-originated and synthetically-produced terpenes and cannabinoids, including THC and CBD; valproric acid; rivastigmine; estradiol; topiramate or an equivalent preparation comprising CAS No. 97240-79-4; MFSD2 or MFSD2A or sodium-dependent lysophosphatidylcholine symporter; and any esters, salts, derivatives, mixtures, combinations thereof, with or without a carrier, liposomes, lyophilic or water-miscible solvents, surfactants, cells, cells fractions, at a therapeutically effective concentration.

[0039] The term gas refers to any fluid that can be readily compressed. Gases as used herein include, but are not limited to, air, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, helium, neon, xenon and any combination thereof. Devices charged by hand will typically use air as the carrier gas.

[0040] The term fluid refers to any substance or mixtures of substances that continually deforms (flows) under an applied shear stress, or external force. This term refers to gas, liquids, particulate or granulated solids (powders), aerosols, and any mixtures and combinations thereof.

[0041] The term about refers hereinafter to a range of 25% below or above the referred value.

[0042] The term body orifice and body cavity are interchangeably refer to one or more of the followings: nasal cavity, a mouth, a throat, an ear, a vagina, a rectum, a urethra, and any combination thereof.

[0043] The term biologic or biologic response modifier hereinafter refers to material manufactured in or extracted from biological sources such as a genetically engineered protein derived from human genes, or a biologically effective combination of such proteins.

[0044] All pressures herein are gauge pressures, relative to atmospheric pressure. Pressure units will be written herein using the standard abbreviation for gauge, namely, g. For example, atmospheric pressure is 0 barg and a pressure of 1 bar above atmospheric is 1 barg.

[0045] The term release time refers hereinafter to the time for the drug and carrier gas to substantially completely exit the device. Typically, the release time is affected by the activation time and reflects the time for the device to reconfigure from the ACTIVE configuration to the INACTIVE configuration or vice versa.

[0046] The terms the device, the present device, the SipNose device and SipNose will be used interchangeably to refer to the device of the present invention.

[0047] In all of the embodiments of the device shown hereinbelow, identical numbers refer to identical functions. All figures shown herein are illustrative and none is to scale.

[0048] The present invention teaches a device for delivering a predetermined amount of a substance, preferably comprising a medication or combination of medications, into a body orifice of a subject, the orifice comprising any of the body's natural orifices, including a nostril, the mouth, the ear, the throat, the urethra, the vagina, the rectum and any combination thereof.

[0049] In preferred embodiments of the device, the device comprises a delivery mechanism and a medicament capsule, as described hereinbelow. The device can apply a broad range of drugs and materials to the nasal cavity for local effect, deliver a broad range of drugs and materials through the nasal cavity to the systemic circulation, deliver a broad range of drugs and materials through the nasal cavity to the central nerve system (CNS) the brain, spinal cord and associated nerves, and any combination thereof.

[0050] The drugs to be applied could be, but are not limited to, pharmaceuticals, natural compounds, biologics, hormones, peptides, proteins, viruses, cells, stem cells and any combination thereof.

[0051] However, it should be emphasized that the device can be provided alone as well as in combination with a capsule.

[0052] In some cases, the capsule would be provided with a known medicament within the same and in other cases the capsule would be filled with the medicament just before use.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, the device operating characteristics and the substance characteristics can be jointly optimized to maximize uptake of the substance at the desired site. In preferred variants of such embodiments, uptake is further optimized by exploiting synergies between delivery characteristics generated by the device and by the formulation or composition of the delivered material

[0054] In some embodiments, the substance comprises one or more agents to optimize delivery through the mucosal membrane by means of mucoadhesive agent and/or a permeability enhancer agent and/or a particulate formulation in the nano-particle or macro-particle range, and any combination thereof. In such embodiments, the combination of the device and substance enhance the delivery of the active agent to the target area (nasal epithelium and more specifically olfactory epithelium) and from there to the target tissue (for example the brain).

[0055] A non-limiting example is a composition comprising a drug to be delivered and at least one chemical permeation enhancer (CPE). In a preferred embodiment, the composition contains two or more CPEs which, by using a nasal delivery device, affect in an additive manner or behave synergistically to increase the permeability of the epithelium, while providing an acceptably low level of cytotoxicity to the cells. The concentration of the one or more CPEs is selected to provide the greatest amount of overall potential (OP). Additionally, the CPEs are selected based on the treatment. CPEs that behave primarily by transcellular transport are preferred for delivering drugs into epithelial cells. CPEs that behave primarily by paracellular transport are preferred for delivering drugs through epithelial cells. Also provided herein are mucoadhesive agents that enable the extension of the exposure period of the target tissue/mucus membrane to the active agent, for the enhancement of delivery of the active agent to and through the mucus membrane.

[0056] In contrast to prior-art nasal delivery devices and technologies, the devices of the present invention can produce a fine aerosol in the nasal cavity or other desired body orifice at the target area and at the location of the target tissue instead of producing the aerosol only within the device or immediately after exit from the device. Utilizing the pressure as a driving force and the air as a carrier allows the material to be released from the nozzle as a mixture of aerosol and a pre-aerosolized state. The properties of the resultant aerosol are typically dependent on the properties of the device and of the medium into which the device is discharged. The properties of the device which affect the aerosol characteristics are the delivery pressure, the volume of the delivery gas, the characteristics of its orifice and time to activate.

[0057] In some embodiments, the aerosol properties are fairly independent of the delivered substance, while, in other embodiments, the pressure, volume, orifice characteristics, and delivered substance properties can be co-optimized.

[0058] In prior-art devices the aerosol is produced in proximity exit of the device. Typically, the aerosol comprises a wide fan of aerosol and a low driving force. Therefore, large droplets typically deposit very close to the exit from the device, while smaller droplets tend to quickly contact the walls of the passage, so that deposition is typically predominantly close to the delivery end of the device, with little of the substance reaching desired sites deeper in the body orifice, such as the middle and superior turbinates of the nose.

[0059] Reference is now made to FIG. 1A-B, disclosing a device according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1A shows an exploded view of the device, while FIG. 1B shows the device fully assembled. As shown in FIG. 1A, the device comprises, inter alia, a BFS nose piece (1), a pressurized-fluid container (2), an air chamber gate (3) and an activation mechanism base (4).

[0060] Reference is now made to FIGS. 2A-C, disclosing a device according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2B depicts a cross section along the line D:D of the device as shown in FIG. 2A. The area within the circle 2C in FIG. 2B is shown enlarged in FIG. 2C, where the device's spike is disclosed (6). Also seen in FIG. 2C is a BSF lower BFS point at which the needle punctures the BFS (5A), BSF nosepiece which contain the drug (51) and an activation screw mechanism (5C).

[0061] Reference is now made to FIGS. 3A-D, disclosing a device according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3A shows a cross-section of the device. FIG. 3B shows an enlarged view of the area inside the circle 3B of FIG. 3A. The piercing member (6) can be clearly seen. FIG. 3C shows the exterior of the nosepiece, showing the activation screw mechanism (5C) that is tightened in order to drive the bottom of the drug container against the spike and thereby pierce the drug container; the nosepiece cover (5D) and the main body of the nosepiece (5B). FIG. 3D shows the device from the top.

[0062] Reference is now made to FIGS. 4A-C, disclosing a device according to another embodiment of the present invention. Here a device is after the activation (FIG. 4A). FIG. 4B shows a cross section of the same along the line B:B. The area within circle 4C is shown enlarged in FIG. 4C, namely a cross section of the piercing member. Drug powder schematically illustrated (51). Air flow through the spike holes (42) entrains the drug.

[0063] Reference is now made to FIGS. 5A-G, disclosing a device according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5A is a side view of a pre-used device carrying a BFS, and FIG. 5B is a cross section of the same. FIGS. 5C and 5D similarly depict the device when connected to a BFS. FIG. 5E shows the same when the device is ready to use, FIG. 5F illustrates the connection between the BFS to the device; drug (51) is shown. The device after activation presents the flowing drug (51) in FIG. 5G.

[0064] Reference is now made to FIGS. 6A-E disclosing a device according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6A illustrates a side view (image on the top) of a pre-used device carrying a BFS. Images on the middle and in the bottom are cross sections of the same, showing BFS nosepiece an air container before contact. FIG. 6B shows the second step after introducing the BFS, namely securing the BFS to the device, here by turning the nosepiece of the BFS clockwise. A further step is removing (e.g., breaking) the cap, the image at the bottom presents the device after breaking the said cap. The drug (51) is presented in cross section view of FIG. 6C. In FIG. 6D, a button at the base of the device is pushed. Subsequently, as depicted in FIG. 6E, pressurized fluid (air, nitrogen etc.) flows from its container (62) to the BFS and carries the drug (liquid phase, solid powder particles etc.) (51) outwardly.

[0065] Reference is now made to FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B disclosing a device according to another embodiment of the present invention in a side view and exploded view, respectfully; wherein 70 is a cover holding area; 72 is a pressurized fluid container; 73 is an activation mechanism base; 74 is a cover's body; 75 is a nosepiece; 76 is an air chamber gate; 78 and 77 are O-rings; 79 is a needle; 705 is a nosepiece one way screwing mechanism; 710 is a drug's space; 712 is an air chamber gate's legs; 713 is an air chamber gate's snaps; 714 is a drug storage container locking notch; 715 is a drug storage container locking pin; 716 is an orifice-creating piercing needle; 717 is an orifice; 718 is an aerosol; 720 is a safety latch; 721 and 722 locks; 723 (add) is a pressurized fluid container's internal screwing mechanism. The device comprises modules 70-79 and 710-720, where 71, 74, and 713, and nozzle (orifice) 717 are related with the nosepiece; 72, 76-79, 710-712, 716, to the body and module 73 and 713 is in device's operating button. The cover' body can be transparent or include additives such as colorants to protect the drug from UV.

[0066] In the following sets of figures, namely FIG. 8A-8E, operation modes are illustrated, illustrating a method for delivering either one or more substances within at least one body cavity, characterized by steps of providing a vial with V.sub.sub [ml] of said substances; said vial selected from a pierceable container, a blow-fill-seal and a form-fill-seal, further providing said vial with a fluid inlet and a fluid discharging outlet of diameter D [mm], configured for placement in proximity to said body cavity; configuring said fluid inlet by means of size and shape to interface a puncturing member, so that upon coupling to said fluid inlet, piercing of the same, thereby providing said substances in a fluid communication, via a valve, with a chamber configured to accept pressurized fluid at volume V.sub.PF [ml] and pressure P.sub.PF [barg]; said valve is commutable from an CLOSE to an OPEN CONFIGURATION within a short period of time, <500 milliseconds (dT); at said OPEN CONFIGURATION, facilitating the flow of said pressurized fluid to from said chamber, via said fluid inlet, thereby by one of the followings: (i) entraining one portion said substances m.sup.VPF/n, n=portion (%, v/v), m=1, (ii) a plurality of portions, m.sup.VPF/n, m2, or (iii) the whole V.sub.PF, n,m=1 volume of said substances; and then erupting via said fluid discharging outlet to within said body cavity. Each of the figures comprises a front view (left side), cross-section (A:A, middle) and isometric view (right side). FIGS. 8B and 8C further depict a rotation mechanism 714-175, which allows a rotation (here, rotation) thereby enabled the piercing (here, double piercing). At final step (FIG. 8E), upon pressing the activation mechanism base 73, aerosol 718 is provided throughout the orifice 717, having a narrow plume angle (). It is in the scope of the invention wherein the cover comprises means to protect the drug from UV, e.g., photoprotective agents, such as oxybenzone, titanium oxide and octyl methoxycinnamate.

[0067] Reference is now made to FIG. 9 disclosing a device according to another embodiment of the present invention, where the device comprises a safety latch 720 with its two locks 721-722, configured to avoid undesired or accidental operation of the device, i.e., by pressing activation mechanism base 73 and pressurized fluid container (body) 72.

[0068] It is well in the scope of the invention wherein the pressurized fluid is accommodated within container (2) for a respectively long time, e.g., by having a pre-pressurized container (step 1A) in a fluid connection (step 2A) with the BFS and releasing the same (step 3A), or alternatively a container suitable to pressuring the fluid in situ within the container, e.g., by introducing a pump or piston mechanism that pressuring ambient air to the container in a first step (step 1B) and accommodating the pressurized fluid along a relatively short time of step 2B, then free the fluid to flow in step 3B.

[0069] It is well in the scope of the invention wherein at least one of said steps 1A to 3A, 1B to 3B is provided in an intermitted manner, e.g., by train of n pulses, n is an integer equals to being greater than 2, e.g., 2, 5, 10, 30 or more. Pulses are provided by various mechanisms selected in a non-limiting manner from a series of pressuring efforts (pulsated piston for example and/or series of volume changes within the container); series of releasing pressurized fluid flow, by having rapid open/closed shutting actions of the valve and/or applying blowable lips or rid(s) at the end of the orifice, e.g., as those provided in a mouthpiece of a wind instruments.

[0070] The pulses can be identical, e.g., same pressure, same period of time, same volume etc. Additionally, or alternatively, some of pulses can be different by means of e.g., pressure, time, volume etc. It is well in the scope of the invention wherein the fingerprint of said pulses is of increasing pressure, increasing time; and/or increasing pressure decreasing time; and/or decreasing pressure same time and so on and so forth.

[0071] The device of the present invention is provided useful for treatment of various indications defined below, by their efficient medicaments provided herein in a non-limiting manner:

EXAMPLE 1

[0072] Treatment of allergic rhinitis is found useful by utilizing a device of the present invention for the delivery of anti-histamines and/or gluco-corticosteroids.

EXAMPLE 2

[0073] Treatment of Cough & Cold is found useful by utilizing a device of the present invention for the delivery of various medicaments, some are defined above in the substances list.

EXAMPLE 3

[0074] Treatment of pain & central nervous system is found useful by utilizing a device of the present invention for the delivery of various medicaments; e.g., treatment of chronic conditions such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Depression, pain, seizures, epilepsy and acute migraine, conscious sedation and sleep aids.

EXAMPLE 4

[0075] Treatment of vaccines, immunotherapy and anti-viral agents are found useful by utilizing a device of the present invention for the delivery of various medicaments, some are defined above in the substances list.

EXAMPLE 5

[0076] Treatment of asthma and COPD is found useful by utilizing a device of the present invention for the delivery of various medicaments, some are defined above in the substances list.

[0077] By the device disclosed herein, the pre-aerosolized mixture of gas and substance exits the device with a significant driving force as a mixture of aerosol and pre-aerosolized material (fluid or powder). When the pre-aerosolized material hits the walls of the nasal passages, it explodes into a fine aerosol that is capable of being driven by the pressure deep into the nasal passages to deposit in the desired region.

EXAMPLES 6

[0078] Rectal, trans anal and/or trans rectal administration of cannabis oil see treatment in US20190247632, is provided useful by the device presented herein. Rectal and vaginal suppositories have both been used to deliver medicine to patients for decades. Use of the device herein is effective in intravaginal and intra-annal administration of THC, provided in methods adapted from the art, see GROVE, JELENA, and ON JULY. PROJECT CBD: DO CANNABIS SUPPOSITORIES WORK? And Elsohly, Mahmoud A., et al. Rectal Bioavailability of Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (cannabis-terms tetrahydrocannabinol) from Various Esters. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, vol. 40, no. 3, 1991, pp. 497-502.

[0079] Intravaginal device as herein disclosed is useful for delivery of an antifungal, antiviral, antibacterial, trichomonicidal and parasiticidal pharmaceutical agent intravaginally to a female vagina and transvaginally to uterus and general circulation through a vaginal mucosa. Hence, the device is especially useful is administrating miconazole, terconazole, isoconazole, fenticonazole, fluconazole, nystatin, ketoconazole, clotrimazole, butoconazole, econazole, tioconazole, itraconazole, 5-fluoracil and metronidazole, and the antiviral agent selected from the group consisting of acyclovir, femciclovir, valacyclovir and AZT, and the antibacterial agent selected from the group consisting of clindamycin, tetracycline, amoxicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, doxycycline, lumefloxacin, norfloxacin, afloxam, ciproflaxin, azitromycin and cefltoxine present in amount from about, and the antichlamydial agent selected from the group consisting of tetracycline, doxycycline and erythromycin; and the trichomonicidal and parasiticidal agent selected from the group consisting of metronidazole and clotrimazole in methods adapted from U.S. Pat. No. 6,416,779.

[0080] In the foregoing description, embodiments of the invention, including preferred embodiments, have been presented for the purpose of illustration and description. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obvious modifications or variations are possible in light of the above teachings. The embodiments were chosen and described to provide the best illustration of the principals of the invention and its practical application, and to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to utilize the invention in various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. All such modifications and variations are within the scope of the invention as determined by the appended claims when interpreted in accordance with the breadth they are fairly, legally, and equitably entitled.