A MULTISTAGE WAVE ROTOR REFRIGERATOR

Abstract

It is a kind of multistage wave rotor refrigerator which could be used in the field of gas expansion refrigeration. The refrigerator is mainly composed of a casing, a left end cover, a right end cover, a wave rotor, a central shaft, a high pressure inlet nozzle, a medium pressure outlet nozzle and a drive mechanism. Within the structure of the refrigerator, 2-8 times unsteady expansion of gas could get realized, which improves the refrigeration efficiency under large pressure ratio. Extending the structure of the refrigerator and changing the structure of end cover could help realize multistage expansion refrigeration of gas. The double opening structure of oscillation tubes could help the refrigerator work regularly with high moisture content of gas. This refrigerator is a gas expansion refrigeration device that uses moving unsteady pressure waves in oscillation tubes to realize the separation of the heat and cold of gas. Improvement of refrigeration efficiency could be done by recycling expansion work in the form of pressure energy that formed by expansion of high pressure gas.

Claims

1. A multistage wave rotor refrigerator includes a casing (20), a left end cover (19) and a right end cover (25); The characteristics of the refrigerator include a wave rotor (5), a central shaft (28), high pressure inlet nozzles, medium pressure outlet nozzles and a drive mechanism; The wave rotor (5) is fixed on the circular disk (28a) of central shaft (28) through bolts (27); The wave rotor (5) is placed in the casing (20) whose left side is set with the left end cover (19) and right side the right end cover (25); Between the left end cover (19) and the left side of central shaft (28) there are two bearings (17) behave as support; Another two bearings (17) behave as support between the right end cover (25) and the right side of central shaft (28); Oscillation tubes (6) with constant cross-section are set in the wave rotor (5) in circumferential direction; On the left end cover (19) there are first high pressure inlet chamber of 2-8 stages, second low temperature outlet chamber of 2-8 stages, second high pressure inlet chamber of 2-8 stages and first low temperature outlet chamber of 2-8 stages in order; On the right end cover (25) there are second medium pressure outlet chamber of 2-8 stages, first low pressure inlet chamber of 2-8 stages, medium pressure outlet chamber of 2-8 stages and second low pressure inlet chamber of 2-8 stages in order; The high pressure inlet nozzles of 2-8 stages are fixed on the left end cover (19) by bolts, and the medium pressure outlet nozzles of 2-8 stages on the right end cover (25); the circumferential central line of high pressure inlet nozzles and medium pressure outlet nozzles is the same as the circumferential central line of end faces of oscillation tubes (6); the clearance fitting between stationary nozzles surface plane and rotary wave rotor (5) surface plane needs to be controlled; the drive mechanism is an electromotor (22) that drives the wave rotor (5) on the central shaft (28) to rotate in the casing (20) through a coupling (23).

2. According to the claim 1 about the multistage wave rotor refrigerator, the characteristics include that as for two-stage wave rotor refrigerator, on the left end cover (19) there are a first high pressure inlet chamber of two stages (18), a second low temperature outlet chamber of two stages (4), a second high pressure inlet chamber of two stages (15), a first low temperature outlet chamber of two stages (2) in order; on the right end cover (25) there are a second medium pressure outlet chamber of two stages (21), a first low pressure inlet chamber of two stages (11), a first medium pressure outlet chamber of two stages (26) and a second low pressure inlet chamber of two stages (7) in order; the first high pressure inlet nozzle of two stages (1) and the second high pressure inlet nozzle of two stages (3) are respectively fixed on the left end cover (19) by bolts; the first medium pressure outlet nozzle of two stages (10) and the second medium pressure outlet nozzle of two stages (12) are respectively fixed on the right end cover (25) by bolts (27).

3. According to the claim 1 about the multistage wave rotor refrigerator, the characteristics include that the wave rotor refrigerator has 2-8 high pressure inlet nozzles which can realize 2-8 times unsteady expansion of gas in the refrigerator.

4. According to the claim 1 about the multistage wave rotor refrigerator, the characteristics include that in the wave rotor (5) of refrigerator there are 30-280 oscillation tubes (6).

Description

ILLUSTRATING THE DRAWINGS

[0015] FIG. 1 shows the working procedure of a two-stage wave rotor refrigerator.

[0016] FIG. 2 shows the structure of a two-stage wave rotor refrigerator.

[0017] FIG. 3 shows the structure of left end cover of a two-stage wave rotor refrigerator.

[0018] FIG. 4 shows the structure of right end cover of a two-stage wave rotor refrigerator.

[0019] FIG. 5 is the A-A section view in FIG. 2.

[0020] FIG. 6 is the B-B section view in FIG. 2.

[0021] FIG. 7 is the structure schematic diagram of the left end cover structure of a two-stage wave rotor refrigerator.

[0022] FIG. 8 is the structure schematic diagram of the left end cover structure of a six-stage wave rotor refrigerator.

[0023] FIG. 9 is the structure schematic diagram of the left end cover structure of an eight-stage wave rotor refrigerator.

[0024] In the Figures: 1. first high pressure inlet nozzle of two stages, 2. first low temperature outlet chamber of two stages, 3. second high pressure inlet nozzle of two stages, 4. second low temperature outlet chamber of two stages, 5. wave rotor, 6. oscillation tube, 7. second low pressure inlet chamber of two stages, 8. throttle valve, 9. first stage cooler, 10. first medium pressure outlet nozzle of two stages, 11. first low pressure inlet chamber of two stages, 12. second medium pressure outlet nozzle of two stages, 13. second stage cooler, 14. first stage heat exchanger, 15. second high pressure inlet chamber of two stages, 16. left bearing end cover, 17. bearings, 18. first high pressure inlet chamber of two stages, 19. left end cover, 20. casing, 21. second medium pressure outlet chamber of two stages, 22. electromotor, 23. coupling, 24. right bearing end cover, 25. right end cover, 26. first medium pressure outlet chamber of two stages, 27. bolts, 28. central shaft, 28a. circular disk, a.sub.10. first high pressure inlet chamber of six stages, a.sub.11. first low temperature outlet chamber of six stages, a.sub.20. second high pressure inlet chamber of six stages, a.sub.21. second low temperature outlet chamber of six stages, a.sub.30. third high pressure inlet chamber of six stages, a.sub.31. third low temperature outlet chamber of six stages, a.sub.40. fourth high pressure inlet chamber of six stages, a.sub.41. fourth low temperature outlet chamber of six stages, a.sub.50. fifth high pressure inlet chamber of six stages, a.sub.51. fifth low temperature outlet chamber of six stages, a.sub.60. sixth high pressure inlet chamber of six stages, a.sub.61. sixth low temperature outlet chamber of six stages, b.sub.10. first high pressure inlet chamber of eight stages, b.sub.11. first low temperature outlet chamber of eight stages, b.sub.20. second high pressure inlet chamber of eight stages, b.sub.21. second low temperature outlet chamber of eight stages, b.sub.30. third high pressure inlet chamber of eight stages, b.sub.31. third low temperature outlet chamber of eight stages, b.sub.40. fourth high pressure inlet chamber of eight stages, b.sub.41. fourth low temperature outlet chamber of eight stages, b.sub.50. fifth high pressure inlet chamber of eight stages, b.sub.51. fifth low temperature outlet chamber of eight stages, b.sub.60. sixth high pressure inlet chamber of eight stages, b.sub.61. sixth low temperature outlet chamber of eight stages, b.sub.70. seventh high pressure inlet chamber of eight stages, b.sub.71. seventh low temperature outlet chamber of eight stages, b.sub.80. eighth high pressure inlet chamber of eight stages, b.sub.81. eighth low temperature outlet chamber of eight stages.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The two-stage refrigerator is introduced particularly according to the figures and the detailed description:

[0026] FIGS. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 show the structure of a two-stage wave rotor refrigerator. In the figures, a multistage wave rotor refrigerator includes a casing 20, a left end cover 19, a right end cover 25, a wave rotor 5, a central shaft 28, high pressure inlet nozzles, medium pressure outlet nozzles and a drive mechanism. The wave rotor 5 is fixed to the circular disk 28a of the central shaft 28 by bolts 27. The wave rotor 5 is composed of 30-280 oscillation tubes 6 of equal section. On the left end cover 19 there are first high pressure inlet chamber of two stages 18, second low temperature outlet chamber of two stages 4, second high pressure inlet chamber of two stages 15 and first low temperature outlet chamber of two stages 2 in order. On the right end cover 25 there are second medium pressure outlet chamber of two stages 21, first low pressure inlet chamber of two stages 11, first medium pressure outlet chamber of two stages 26 and second low pressure inlet chamber of two stages 7 in order. The first high pressure inlet nozzle of two stages 1 and the second high pressure inlet nozzle of two stages 3 are respectively fixed to the left end cover 19 by bolts. The first medium pressure outlet nozzle of two stages 10 and the second medium pressure outlet nozzle of two stages 12 are respectively fixed to the right end cover 25 by bolts. The circumferential central line of nozzles above is the same as the circumferential central line of end faces of oscillation tubes 6. The drive mechanism is an electromotor 22 that drives the wave rotor 5 on the central shaft 28 to rotate in the casing 20 through a coupling 23. The clearance fitting between stationary nozzles surface plane and rotary wave rotor 5 surface plane needs to be controlled.

[0027] FIG. 1 shows the working procedure of a two-stage wave rotor refrigerator. While working, the electromotor 22 drives the wave rotor 5 to rotate through the central shaft 28 then the high pressure gas enters the first high pressure inlet chamber of two stages 18. After that the gas enters the left side of oscillation tubes 6 via the first high pressure inlet nozzle of two stages 1. The injected high pressure gas transmits the expansion work in the form of shock wave to the low pressure gas in the oscillation tubes 6, so that temperature and pressure of the gas in the oscillation tubes 6 rises. So that the pressure level of the gas rises. Then the gas is discharged by the second medium pressure outlet nozzle of two stages 12. At last, after cooled by second stage cooler 13, the gas enters the first stage heat exchanger 14 to exchange the cold with the gas whose temperature is reduced after being expanded.

[0028] The temperature of medium pressure gas decreases after the gas exchanging the cold then the gas gets injected into the oscillation tubes 6 by second high pressure inlet nozzle of two stages 3 to get expanded a second time making the temperature of gas lower. Motivated by pressure drop, the gas is exhausted out of the system via second low temperature outlet chamber of two stages 4 of which the position is confirmed by calculating matching of nozzles. After heat exchanging, another flux of gas flows back to the oscillation tubes 6 via first low pressure inlet chamber of two stages 11. At this time the high pressure gas from the second high pressure inlet nozzle of two stages 3 gets expanded and transmits the expansion work in the form of shock wave to the gas in the oscillation tubes 6. The temperature and pressure of the gas in the oscillation tubes 6 rise and then the gas becomes medium pressure gas which then flows into first medium pressure outlet chamber of two stages 26 via first medium pressure outlet nozzle of two stages 10 and get exhausted out of oscillation tubes 6. The pressure and temperature of medium pressure gas decreases after flowing via throttle valve 8 and first stage cooler 9. Then the gas flows back to oscillation tubes 6 via second low pressure inlet chamber of two stages 7. After one period rotating of wave rotor 5, oscillation tubes 6 get connected with first high pressure inlet nozzle of two stages 1 one more time and low pressure gas prepares for attaining pressure energy next time.

[0029] FIG. 7 shows the left end cover structure of a two-stage wave rotor refrigerator. The first high pressure inlet chamber of two stages 18 and the second high pressure inlet chamber of two stages 15 are symmetrically set on the left end cover. Second low temperature outlet chamber of two stages 4 and first low temperature outlet chamber of two stages 2 are symmetrically set on the left end cover where high pressure inlet chambers and low temperature outlet chambers are cross-distributed.

[0030] FIG. 8 shows the left end cover structure of a six-stage wave rotor refrigerator. There are first high pressure inlet chamber of six stages a.sub.10, first low temperature outlet chamber of six stages a.sub.11, second high pressure inlet chamber of six stages a.sub.20, second low temperature outlet chamber of six stages a.sub.21, third high pressure inlet chamber of six stages a.sub.30, third low temperature outlet chamber of six stages a.sub.31, fourth high pressure inlet chamber of six stages a.sub.40, fourth low temperature outlet chamber of six stages a.sub.41, fifth high pressure inlet chamber of six stages a.sub.50, fifth low temperature outlet chamber of six stages a.sub.51, sixth high pressure inlet chamber of six stages a.sub.60, sixth low temperature outlet chamber of six stages a.sub.61. They were symmetrically located on the left end cover where the high pressure inlet chambers and the low temperature outlet chambers are cross-distributed. The structure of the right end cover of the six-stage wave rotor refrigerator is similar to that of the left end cover. The working process of the six-stage refrigerator is similar to that of the two-stage refrigerator.

[0031] FIG. 9 shows the left end cover structure of an eight-stage wave rotor refrigerator. There are first high pressure inlet chamber of eight stages b.sub.10, first low temperature outlet chamber of eight stages b.sub.11, second high pressure inlet chamber of eight stages b.sub.20, second low temperature outlet chamber of eight stages b.sub.21, third high pressure inlet chamber of eight stages b.sub.30, third low temperature outlet chamber of eight stages b.sub.31, fourth high pressure inlet chamber of eight stages b.sub.40, fourth low temperature outlet chamber b.sub.41, fifth high pressure inlet chamber of eight stages b.sub.50, fifth low temperature outlet chamber of eight stages b.sub.51, sixth high pressure inlet chamber of eight stages b.sub.60, sixth low temperature outlet chamber of eight stages b.sub.61, seventh high pressure inlet chamber of eight stages b.sub.70, seventh low temperature outlet chamber of eight stages b.sub.71, eighth high pressure inlet chamber of eight stages b.sub.80, eighth low temperature outlet chamber of eight stages b.sub.81. They were symmetrically located in the left end cover where the high pressure inlet chambers and the low temperature outlet chambers are cross-distributed. The structure of the right end cover of the eight-stage wave rotor refrigerator is similar to that of the left end cover. The working process of the eight-stage refrigerator is similar to that of the two-stage refrigerator.