ELECTRICAL INSULATION TAPE, HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL MACHINE, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN ELECTRICAL INSULATION TAPE AND A HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL MACHINE

Abstract

An electrical insulation tape for a high-voltage electrical machine, having a particle composite that can be impregnated, which has a plurality of platelet-shaped electrical insulation particles, and having first spacing particles, which are applied to the surface of the electrical insulation tape such that the porosity of the electrical insulation tape is higher in the region of the first spacing particles than in the region of the particle composite that can be impregnated.

Claims

1. An electrical insulation tape for a high-voltage electrical machine, comprising: an impregnatable particle composite comprising a plurality of laminar electrical insulation particles, and first spacer particles applied to a surface of the electrical insulation tape, such that the porosity of the electrical insulation tape is higher in the region of the first spacer particles than in the region of the impregnatable particle composite.

2. An electrical insulation tape for a high-voltage electrical machine, comprising: an impregnatable particle composite comprising a plurality of laminar electrical insulation particles and second spacer particles arranged in a manner distributed between the laminar electrical insulation particles, such that the porosity of the impregnatable particle composite is higher than in the corresponding impregnatable particle composite without the second spacer particles.

3. An electrical insulation tape for a high-voltage electrical machine, comprising: an impregnatable particle composite comprising a plurality of laminar electrical insulation particles, and first spacer particles applied to a surface of the electrical insulation tape, wherein the impregnatable particle composite comprises second spacer particles arranged in a manner distributed between the laminar electrical insulation particles, such that the porosity of the impregnatable particle composite is higher than in the corresponding impregnatable particle composite without the second spacer particles and the porosity of the electrical insulation tape is higher in the region of the first spacer particles than in the region of the corresponding impregnatable particle composite without the second spacer particles.

4. The electrical insulation tape as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first spacer particles and/or the second spacer particles comprise an epoxy, an elastomer, a thermoplastic and/or inorganic substances, titanium oxide and/or aluminum oxide; and/or wherein the spacer particles have two volume regions comprising different chemical substances, wherein one volume region regionally or completely encloses the other volume region, which is substantially spherical.

5. The electrical insulation tape as claimed claim 3, wherein the first spacer particles and/or the second spacer particles are substantially spherical.

6. The electrical insulation tape as claimed in claim 3, wherein the impregnatable particle composite is applied to a carrier material comprising a knitted fabric, a glass knitted fabric, a nonwoven, a foam, an open-pored foam, a glass roving, a woven fabric, a resin mat, and/or a resin mat comprising fibers comprising glass and/or plastic.

7. A high-voltage electrical machine, comprising: the electrical insulation tape as claimed in claim 3, an electrical conductor, the electrical insulation tape wound around the electrical conductor, and an impregnating resin, wherein the electrical insulation tape is impregnated by the impregnating resin and the impregnating resin is cured.

8. The high-voltage electrical machine as claimed in claim 7, wherein the electrical insulation tape is wound around the electrical conductor in a manner partly overlapping itself.

9. A method for producing an electrical insulation tape comprising: a) producing an impregnatable particle composite comprising a plurality of laminar electrical insulation particles; b) producing the electrical insulation tape comprising the impregnatable particle composite and first spacer particles applied to a surface of the electrical insulation tape, such that the porosity of the electrical insulation tape is higher in the region of the first spacer particles than in the region of the impregnatable particle composite.

10. A method for producing an electrical insulation tape comprising: a) producing an impregnatable particle composite comprising a plurality of laminar electrical insulation particles and second spacer particles arranged in a manner distributed between the laminar electrical insulation particles; b) producing the electrical insulation tape comprising the impregnatable particle composite, wherein the porosity of the impregnatable particle composite is higher than in the corresponding impregnatable particle composite without the second spacer particles.

11. A method for producing an electrical insulation tape comprising: a) producing an impregnatable particle composite 4 comprising a plurality of laminar electrical insulation particles and second spacer particles arranged in a manner distributed between the laminar electrical insulation particles; b) producing the electrical insulation tape comprising the impregnatable particle composite and first spacer particles applied to the surface of the electrical insulation tape, in particular by a dispersion that comprises the first spacer particles and a fluid being sprayed onto the surface, such that the porosity of the impregnatable particle composite is higher than in the corresponding impregnatable particle composite without the second spacer particles and the porosity of the electrical insulation tape is higher in the region of the first spacer particles than in the region of the corresponding impregnatable particle composite without the second spacer particles.

12. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the first spacer particles and/or the second spacer particles are substantially spherical.

13. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein in a step a1) the impregnatable particle composite is applied to a carrier material comprising a knitted fabric, a glass knitted fabric, a nonwoven, a foam, an open-pored foam, a glass roving, a woven fabric, a resin mat, and/or a resin mat comprising fibers comprising glass and/or plastic.

14. A method for producing a high-voltage electrical machine comprising: c) providing an electrical insulation tape produced as claimed in claim 11 and an electrical conductor; d) winding the electrical insulation tape around the electrical conductor; e) impregnating the electrical insulation tape with an impregnating resin; and f) curing the impregnating resin.

15. The method as claimed in claim 14, wherein in step e) and/or step f) the first spacer particles and/or the second spacer particles at least partly are dissolved in the impregnating resin and/or become deformed.

16. The method as claimed in claim 14, wherein the first spacer particles and/or the second spacer particles comprise an epoxy, an elastomer, a thermoplastic and/or inorganic substances, titanium oxide and/or aluminum oxide; and/or wherein the spacer particles have two volume regions comprising different chemical substances, wherein one volume region regionally or completely encloses the other volume region, which is substantially spherical.

17. The method as claimed in claim 14, wherein the first spacer particles and/or the second spacer particles are present as an agglomerate, which are broken up into the individual first spacer particles and/or into the individual spacer particles in step e) and/or in step f).

18. The method for producing an electrical insulation tape of claim 9, wherein producing the electrical insulation tape comprising the impregnatable particle composite and first spacer particles applied to a surface of the electrical insulation tape is done by a dispersion that comprises the first spacer particles and a fluid being sprayed onto the surface.

19. The method for producing an electrical insulation tape of claim 11, wherein producing the electrical insulation tape comprising the impregnatable particle composite and first spacer particles applied to a surface of the electrical insulation tape is done by a dispersion that comprises the first spacer particles and a fluid being sprayed onto the surface.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Embodiments of a high-voltage electrical machine according to the invention comprising an electrical insulation tape according to the invention are presented below with reference to schematic drawings.

[0037] FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of the high-voltage electrical machine.

[0038] FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of two layers of the electrical insulation tape before impregnation with an impregnating resin.

[0039] FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of the two layers of the electrical insulation tape after or during the impregnation with the impregnating resin.

[0040] FIG. 4 shows a schematic detail view of a particle composite.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION

[0041] As is evident from FIGS. 1 to 4, a high-voltage electrical machine 10 comprises a laminated stack 2 and an electrical conductor 3. The high-voltage electrical machine 10 can be an electrical generator and/or an electric motor, for example. The laminated stack 2 has a plurality of cooling cutouts 4. The cooling cutouts 4 serve for as efficient cooling as possible by virtue of the fact that a cooling fluid can flow directly into the vicinity of the electrical conductor 3. In addition, an impregnating resin is introduced into the electrical insulation tape 9 via the cooling cutouts 4. For the purpose of electrically insulating the electrical conductor 3, the high-voltage electrical machine 10 comprises an electrical insulation tape 9, which is wound around the electrical conductor 3. The electrical conductor 3 with the electrical insulation tape 9 wound around it is arranged in a slot in the laminated stack 2 in the high-voltage electrical machine 10. As is evident in FIG. 1, the high-voltage electrical machine 10 comprises a plurality of layers of an electrical insulation tape 9 wound around the electrical conductor 3 in such a way that a first turn of the electrical insulation tape 9 together with a second turn of the electrical insulation tape 9, said second turn being adjacent to the first turn, partly overlaps itself. By virtue of this overlapping turn, a first section of the first turn is situated in one plane at a first radial distance from the electrical conductor 3 and a second section of the first turn is situated in another plane at a second radial distance, which is different than the first radial distance, from the electrical conductor 3. Winding cavities 6 form in that transition region between one plane and the other plane. The winding cavities 6 are advantageous for a good impregnation of the electrical insulation tape 9 because here the impregnating resin is able to flow easily. Once the different layers of the electrical insulation tape 9 are impregnated with the impregnating resin and cured, an electrical insulation system 1 comprising the electrical insulation tape 9 and the impregnating resin is formed. The impregnation of the different layers of the electrical insulation tape 9 takes place for example along the impregnating resin penetration paths 5 depicted in FIG. 1, which also lead through the winding cavities 6, in particular.

[0042] FIGS. 2 and 3 show a first embodiment of the electrical insulation tape 9. The electrical insulation tape 9 comprises an impregnatable particle composite 13a comprising a plurality of laminar electrical insulation particles 8, and first spacer particles 7a. The laminar electrical insulation particles 8 ensure that an undesired partial discharge between the laminated stack 2 and the electrical conductor 3 is avoided. For this purpose, the laminar electrical insulation particles 8 can comprise mica and/or aluminum oxide; in particular, the laminar electrical insulation particles 8 can consist of mica or aluminum oxide. In FIG. 2, a plurality of first spacer particles 7a are arranged adjacently on a first side of the electrical insulation tape 9, said first side being at a greater radial distance from the electrical conductor 3 in comparison with a second side of the electrical insulation tape 9. The first spacer particles 7a can for example also be applied on the second side of the electrical insulation tape 9 and/or on all four sides of the electrical insulation tape 9. The first spacer particles 7a provide for an increased porosity in the electrical insulation tape 9 in comparison with an electrical insulation tape 9 without the first spacer particles 7a. By virtue of the fact that the first spacer particles 7a lengthen the radial distance in the region in which the adjacent turns of the electrical insulation tape 9 overlap, the winding cavities 6 are also enlarged, which further increases the impregnatability of the wound electrical insulation tape 9. FIG. 2 shows the electrical insulation tape 9 before the impregnation with the impregnating resin.

[0043] FIG. 3 shows the first embodiment after or during the impregnation with the impregnating resin or after or during the curing of the impregnating resin. The difference with respect to FIG. 2 is that the first spacer particles 7a are no longer spherical, but rather have at least partly dissolved in the impregnating resin. The first spacer particles 7a can at least partly dissolve in the impregnating resin. Schematic FIG. 3 illustrates the first spacer particles 7a in a transition state. This transition state shows the first spacer particles 7a as neither spherical nor completely dissolved in the impregnating resin, but rather in an intermediate stage. In this stage, the interparticulate distances increase, which further increases the impregnatability of the wound electrical insulation tape 9. On account of the improved impregnatability, the electrical insulation system 1 is more elastic after curing. FIG. 3 thus advantageously relates to a point in time during the impregnation process or the curing process rather than to a point in time after curing. Dissolving the first spacer particles 7a can be effected for example such that the melting point of the first spacer particles 7a is chosen so as to be lower than the temperature of the impregnating resin during the impregnation and/or during the curing. The melting point can be set for example by way of a choice of the chain length of the epoxies of the first spacer particles 7a.

[0044] FIG. 4 shows a detail view of a second embodiment of the electrical insulation tape 9. The electrical insulation tape 9 comprises an impregnatable particle composite 13b comprising a plurality of laminar electrical insulation particles 8. The laminar electrical insulation particles 8 can comprise mica and/or aluminum oxide; in particular, the laminar electrical insulation particles 8 can consist of mica or aluminum oxide. In this case, the particle composite 13b comprises a plurality of layers of adjacently arranged laminar electrical insulation particles 8. On account of their laminar shape, the adjacently arranged laminar electrical insulation particles 8 have two large surfaces facing away from one another, and a plurality of small surfaces. In the impregnatable particle composite 13, the laminar electrical insulation particles 8 of a layer are arranged in such a way that one of the laminar electrical insulation particles 8 faces another of the laminar electrical insulation particles 8 with one of the small surfaces. A plurality of second spacer particles 7b are arranged in a manner distributed between the laminar electrical insulation particles 8. In this case, the second spacer particles 7b can be arranged between different layers of the laminar electrical insulation particles 8 and/or between different laminar electrical insulation particles 8 of a layer. By virtue of the fact that the second spacer particles 7b are arranged between the laminar electrical insulation particles 8, this results in an increase in the porosity of the electrical insulation tape 9 in the impregnatable particle composite 13. This in turn results in an improved impregnatability of the closely adjacent laminar electrical insulation particles 8 and thus in a better impregnatability of the impregnatable particle composite 13b and of the entire electrical insulation tape 9. The second spacer particles 7b can comprise for example an epoxy, an elastomer, a thermoplastic and/or inorganic substances, in particular titanium oxide and/or aluminum oxide, wherein the spacer particles 7a, 7b have two volume regions comprising different chemical substances, wherein one volume region regionally or completely encloses the other volume region, which is substantially spherical, in particular. The spherical shape is advantageous particularly for the second spacer particles 7b introduced into the impregnatable particle composite 13b, in order to obtain a high porosity in the electrical insulation tape 9 even upon contact between the laminar electrical insulation particles 8 and the second spacer particles 7b. The second spacer particles 7b, in the case where they are substantially spherical, advantageously have a diameter that is between 10 nm and substantially the average thickness of the laminar electrical insulation particles 8, since this results in the formation of a high porosity in the electrical insulation tape 9.

[0045] Although the invention has been more specifically illustrated and described in detail by means of exemplary embodiments, nevertheless the invention is not restricted by the examples disclosed and other variations can be derived therefrom by the person skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of protection of the invention.