Manually controlled variable coverage high range electrostatic sprayer

Abstract

The present invention discloses a single step process for the synthesis of furan derivative from carbohydrate comprises stirring the reaction mixture of carbohydrate in solvent in presence of catalyst at temperature in the range of 170 to 190 C. for the period in the range of 23 to 25 hrs to afford corresponding furan derivative.

Claims

1. A variable coverage high range air-assisted electrostatic spraying system with having an external air-assistive unit, comprising: the external air-assistive system comprising charged droplets and a virtual path for the charged droplets, the air assisted system connected to an electrostatic nozzle, and forming an external air-assisted electrostatic nozzle (A), the electrostatic nozzle further connected to a nozzle holder (B) that comprises a voltage power supply and a controlled electronic circuitry; wherein the external air-assistive system comprises coaxial air supply metallic pipes, that are free to move in an angular direction, placed coaxially equidistant from a front end of a nozzle exit tip, made of material to withstand a pressure and a thrust of a compressed air supply wherein the metallic air supply pipes are movable in a metallic U-shaped structure, and including a spring and cord system for a manual adjustment of a spray from a minimum to a maximum coverage, the spring and cord system being connected to the metallic air supply pipes for the manual control of angular movement of the supply pipes, and including a trigger, said trigger operatively connected to the spring and to the cord.

2. The spraying system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nozzle holder comprises a trigger unit, a screw and a lever, a locking system, an automated switching circuit, a high voltage power supply system, a dc-to-dc converter for high voltage power generation, a rechargeable dc battery, and a display system; an external compressed air supply system, comprising an air filter, a conductive liquid supply pipe connector having a filter and a compressed air supply pipe connector having an air filter, the compressed air supply system located in a nozzle housing.

3. The spraying system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the automated switching circuit for a voltage power supply system comprises two conductive electrodes for detecting a fluid in the liquid supply pipe connector, a plurality of voltage sources, a circuit amplifier for amplifying the detected liquid fluid, and the current amplifier providing power to a relay for switching the voltage source of the dc rechargeable battery.

4. The spraying system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said charging ring electrode is made of a conductive nickel having a 4 mm inner diameter and a 14 mm outer diameter.

5. The spraying system as claimed in claim 1, wherein manual control of the external air supply system having a pressure of 3 bar to 4 bar forms a high pressure air envelope around the charged droplets, and reduces the effect of any atmospheric wind on the path of the liquid droplets.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

(1) FIG. 1 represents a complete manually controlled variable coverage high range electrostatic sprayer, a combination of external air-assistive unit to provide the virtual path for the charged droplets (i), electrostatic nozzle (ii), a pipe (iii) connecting the electrostatic nozzle (A) and nozzle holder (B) having the high voltage power supply and controlling circuitry, trigger unit along with locking system (iv), automated switching (ON/OFF) device for high voltage power supply system (v), dc-dc converter for high voltage power conversion (vi), rechargeable dc battery (vii), display system (viii), numerical voltage display of the rechargeable dc battery through display unit (ix), external compressed air supply controlling unit for variable air supply (x), conductive liquid supply pipe connector with filter (xi) and compressed air supply pipe connector with air filter (xii) respectively.

(2) FIG. 2 represents a manually controlled air-assistive system to provide a suitable path to charged droplets to reach the intended target, even in the presence of high wind. This unit has external air supply (may vary in number), coverage area control with the help of spring system, for the variable spray, variation of spray angle is from parallel to the spray center line (natural condition of spring system) to maximum spray cone angle (at maximum elongation of the spring system) that is equivalent to nozzle cone angle. There is an air supply control unit which is having a knob to control the external air supply into the external air-assistive arrangement.

(3) FIG. 3 shows a variation of the target spray coverage from maximum to minimum. It is a virtual air envelop formed around the charged spray. It is an imaginary path and it may vary with the supplied air pressure and flow.

(4) FIG. 4 represents an induction based air assisted electrostatic spraying nozzle, having the non-conducting pipe connected to conductive connect to liquid filter for conductive liquid supply, a compressed air supply pipe, a chamber for mixing the air and conductive liquid to form the fine small droplets, a ring electrode for charging the spray embedded in the nozzle body.

(5) FIG. 5 represents a controlling unit having a trigger and spring system, along with the locking facility, to compress or elongate the spring system to provide the variable the air supply. This unit is a combination of trigger and spring system.

(6) FIG. 6 represents an automated switching (ON/OFF) device for the high voltage power supply via detecting the flow of liquid, to control the sequence of different supplies i.e. compressed air supply, liquid supply and high voltage power supply to the nozzle system.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(7) Referring to FIG. 1, the whole nozzle is divided in two parts, named as electrostatic nozzle (A) and the nozzle holder (B). An embodiment of the manually controlled variable coverage high range electrostatic sprayer of the present invention is illustrated and the complete embodiment is marked i, ii, iii, iv, v, vi, vii, viii, ix, x, xi and xii as separate units for the better understanding of the present invention. Each unit has its importance and contributing to the present invention. These units are named as external air-assistive unit to provide the virtual path for the charged droplets (i), electrostatic nozzle (ii), a pipe connecting the electrostatic nozzle and nozzle holder having a high voltage power supply system having the controlling circuitry (iii), trigger unit along with locking system (iv), automated switching (ON/OFF) device for high voltage power supply system (v), dc-to-dc converter for high voltage power conversion (vi), rechargeable dc battery (vii), display system (viii), numerical voltage display of the rechargeable dc battery through display unit (ix), external compressed air supply controlling unit for variable air supply (x), conductive liquid supply pipe connector with filter (xi) and compressed air supply pipe connector with air filter (xii), respectively.

(8) In electrostatic spraying, the droplets size is in the order of microns and droplets are more prone to drift and volatile. Although the electrostatic forces are helping the charged droplets to reach the target in aerodynamic region, which is the major advantage of the electrostatic spraying technique; but still the possibility of droplets off-target drift because of small droplets and transient agronomic conditions such as presence of high wind in the atmosphere. The commercially available spraying equipment's have no features which are applicable in such kind of harsh environment especially in the presence of the high speed wind.

(9) Referring to FIG. 2, the external air-assistive unit (i) may help in such cases to avoid the off-target losses more effectively and increases the bio-efficacy. The external air assistive unit (i) forms a virtual path for the finely divided particulate charged matter to provide the aerodynamic conditions for the transport of droplets to the intended target. Initially when trigger 34 is in its rest position there will be no force applied on connecting cord 6 and hence spring will be in its relaxed position, as a result air pipes 2 will be in horizontal position i.e. y=0 as shown in FIG. 3(c). In this position of the external air-assistive compressed air-supply pipes 2 (y=0), alters the target coverage area by forming high pressure air envelop around this spray, thus providing a virtual path of flow of finely divided particulate droplets in the aerodynamic region. Due to the air envelope formed around the electrostatic spray cone, providing a minimum coverage area at the end. To increase this coverage area, externally manual force is applied on the trigger 34, due to which cord 6 will come in tension and pull the spring 5 so air supply metallic pipes 2 positions will change from minimum to maximum gradually. The position can be fixed in between minimum to maximum coverage as shown in FIG. 3(b), depending on the applications and target coverage area to be sprayed. Coverage area of liquid droplets is decided by the envelope formed by high pressure air passing through air supply metallic pipes, thus maximum coverage area will be achieved as shown in FIG. 3(a). Therefore by applying manual force through trigger, the position will be altered for air supply metallic pipes and will get variable coverage area of charged liquid droplets. This spray pattern also provide safety from adverse atmospheric condition like wind flow. As Atmospheric wind flowing around will have to interact to high pressure air envelope of 50 psi to 200 psi formed around liquid droplets rather coming in direct contact in absence of air assisting unit. Thus the effect of atmospheric wind on the path followed by liquid droplets will be reduced.

(10) The primary base body 1 made of insulating material, comprising the six compressed air supply i.e. metallic pipes 2 which are free to move in angular direction along with the constraints from minimum to maximum possible spray target coverage as shown in FIG. 3, connected to external air supply 10. The spray coverage varies from minimum target coverage (c) to maximum target coverage (a) along with one view of middle spray coverage (b). For minimum target coverage the springs are in relaxed position. For maximum target coverage the springs are in maximum possible elongation and the supporting external air assistive path is in parallel to spray coverage. The air supply pipes may vary in number. The numbers may be four, six, eight or many depends on the requirement of the spraying applications. These pipes 2 are angularly movable in a U shaped supporting metallic structure 3 fixed in an insulating base body 1. The pipes are lightened with the help of screw 4 which is half threaded 9 and half smoothed, the smooth portion of the screw is inside the metallic pipes to hold. The compressed air supply pipes 2 are angularly movable through springs 5 which are connected to front part of the pipes 2 in a grooved portion 7. To provide maximum force for angular motion to the pipes 2, the cords 6 are connected to the rear end of the air pipes 2, which pass through the vertical holes 11. These cords manually pulled with trigger unit (iv) as shown in FIG. 1. All these cords put together in one cord attached with an electrostatic nozzle (ii) and finally connected to the trigger unit (iv). The base body 1 is connected through inner threads 8 with the outer thread of the electrostatic nozzle body 16. The externally air-assistive part (i) is detachable whenever is required from the electrostatic nozzle (ii).

(11) Referring to FIG. 4 of electrostatic nozzle is broadly consisting of three nozzle parts named as electrode cap 22, nozzle body 16 and conductive liquid and air pipe connector 17. First part, the main nozzle body 16 made of insulating material having conductive liquid passage 21 in the center of nozzle surrounded coaxially by four extendable equidistant air passages 12. The charging electrode 20 connected to a high voltage connecting wire 13 which is connecting to metallic thin disc 14. The disc 14 is connected with high voltage wire 15 to high voltage power supply system. Second assembled part is electrode cap 22 which secures electrode 20 at its position which is at specific distance from the nozzle tip of conductive liquid passage pipe 21. Electrode cap 22 is having a passage 23, conical at tip extended cylindrically to the end at its center which provides the way of exit to the droplets generated from the interaction of conductive liquid and compressed air. Third assembled body is conductive liquid and compressed air pipe connector 17, which consists of metallic conductive liquid connector 25 and air connector 24, opens in cavity formed while assembling liquid and air pipe connector body 17 and the main nozzle body 16. The metallic conductive liquid connector 18 and air supply connectors 19 connected through the threaded part of the liquid connector 27 and the air connector 28. Electrode cap 22 will be assembled through the inner threads to outer threads of the main nozzle body 16. The main nozzle body 16 assembled through inner threads to the outer threads of liquid and air pipe connector 17. An arrangement of dissipating the stray current is shown via a very high resistance 49 to avoid the shock and hazards.

(12) Referring to FIG. 5, the holder of the nozzle includes manual controller unit (iv) for external air-assistive device. The manual controller unit (iv) consists of a trigger 34, hinged by screw 40, gives angular motion to lever 36 on rotation of the trigger hinged by screw 39. The trigger 34 is supported by a holding unit 29. Thus cord 6 will move with lever 36 due to tension when trigger 34 is moved to left side. When trigger 34 will be left then lever 36 and cord 6 will come to its original position due to force exert by spring 35. Thus angular motion of the pipes 2 of external air assisted nozzle is controlled by this manual control unit through the to and from motion of cord 6.

(13) Units (vi) and (vii) of FIG. 1 contain power supply system along with rechargeable dc battery. The dc voltage level has been raised to several kilovolts through a dc-to-dc converter and fed up to the charging ring electrode 20 for the charging of the finely divided particulate matter.

(14) Referring to FIG. 6, an automated switching circuit (v) for switching (ON/OFF) the power supply system consists of two stainless steel probes 41 of selected dimensions. When the conductive liquid is detected by the stainless steel probes 41 inserted into the insulating liquid pipe 18 inside the nozzle (ii), gives a weak voltage signal as output and this signal is then fed to the base of the transistor 42 and the signal is amplified and the output from the collector of the transistor is further fed to the current amplifier 44 for current amplification of the signal. The driving power for the transistor and current amplifier is supplied by the dc battery 43. The current amplifier is important as it provides the necessary current to drive the relay 45. The dc-to-dc converter is driven with the help of a relay circuit 45, which acts as a switch and helps in the completion of the circuitry to drive the converter. The current amplifier 44 provides the sufficient power to drives the relay 45 and helps to switch the voltage source, i.e. do replaceable battery 46 and hence dc-to-dc converter 47. Finally the high voltage supply is fed to the charging electrode for spray charging through high voltage connector 48.

(15) The units (viii) and (ix) of FIG. 1 consist the display unit. At the time of spraying, as the time passes, the rechargeable dc battery gets discharged. The level of the battery potential is displayed by a display unit with the help of multi-meter in numeric form.

(16) The unit (x) of FIG. 1 is the air flow control unit which maintains the required air flow rate for external air-assistive device, according to the requirement of target distance and spray coverage. Manual control knob 33 of air flow control unit can control the change of the air flow by rotational movement.

(17) The back side of the holder has two supply units (xi) and (xii), the conductive liquid supply pipe and air supply pipe. The liquid pipe connected to the liquid filter 38 to avoid passing the contaminants through the pipe. The compressed air supply pipe is connected to the air filter 37. These two pipes pass through the nozzle holder B and connecting to the nozzle body (ii).

(18) The novelty of the present invention/device lies in the presence of an external air assistance system which uses variation in air pressure to vary the air shroud and hence helps in varying the spray cone angle and changing the canopy coverage range and area. The present device focuses on shielding the fine electrostatic spray from these harsh wind conditions. This invention uses concentric movable metallic nozzles to vary the spray cone angle, the range as well as coverage of the electrostatic spray. Such variation has been achieved by simple mechanical means so as to make the device least complicated in operation. The mechanism used to control the metallic nozzles is a cam operated trigger mechanism. It utilizes spring and cord arrangement to achieve the angular movement of the air nozzles. The external air assistance forms a virtual envelop around the charged particulate matter in the aerodynamic region of charged spray to protect the neutralization from naturally occurring radioactive phenomena. It provides variable spray coverage with the adjustment according to the requirement of canopy and target and applicable in the presence of high wind and harsh environment. It covers a longer coverage distance of the crops specially in orchard spraying with enhanced performance and bio-efficacy.

(19) The following examples are given by way of illustration of the working of the invention in actual practice and should not be construed to limit the scope of the present invention in anyway.

Example-1

(20) A system for electrostatic spraying of liquids such as agricultural pesticides combines a pneumatic atomizing nozzle with electrostatic induction charging system. The finely divided droplets passes through the ring electrode placed coaxially at a distance of 2.5 mm from the nozzle tip. The droplets are charged significantly and exit from the nozzle with net negatively charge. The voltage has been supplied from the high voltage power supply system, which is generated from the dc rechargeable battery with the help of dc-to-dc convertor raised to several kilovolts level.

(21) Once the charged droplets come out of the nozzle in aerodynamic region, the try to repel and make a fountain like path. Since the droplets size are in the range of 30-75 micron and this droplet size is more susceptible and prone to off-target drift. The external air assistive unit forms a virtual path for the finely divided particulate charged matter to provide the aerodynamic conditions for the transport of droplets to the intended target. Initially when trigger is in its rest position there will be no force applied on connecting cord so spring will be in its relax position, as result, air pipe will be in horizontal position i.e. y=0 as shown in FIG. 3(c). In this position of the external air-assistive compressed air-supply pipes (y=0), external air supply alters the target coverage area by forming high pressure air envelop around this spray, thus providing a virtual path of flow of finely divided particulate droplets in the aerodynamic region. Due to the air envelope formed around the electrostatic spray cone, providing a minimum coverage area at the end. To increase this coverage area, externally manual force is applied on the trigger, due to which cord will come in tension and pull the spring 5 so air supply metallic pipe position will change from minimum to maximum gradually. The position can be fixed in between minimum to maximum coverage as shown in FIG. 3(b), depending on the applications and target coverage area to be sprayed. Coverage area of liquid droplets is decided by the envelope formed by high pressure air passing through air supply metallic pipes, thus maximum coverage area will be achieved as shown in FIG. 3(a). Therefore by applying manual force through trigger, the position will be altered for air supply metallic pipes and will get variable coverage area of charged liquid droplets. This spray pattern also provide safety from adverse atmospheric condition like wind flow. As Atmospheric wind flowing around will have to interact to high pressure air envelope formed around liquid droplets rather coming in direct contact in absence of air assisting unit. Thus the effect of atmospheric wind on the path followed by liquid droplets will be reduced.

Example-2

(22) An electrostatic nozzle assembly for coating row crops and other plants with electrostatically charged particles of pesticide including a nozzle body formed with passageways to receive air and grounded stream of waterborne pesticide for delivery through a nozzle tip to an inductor ring embedded in the nozzle cap. The inductor ring inductively charges the pesticide droplets. These negatively charged droplets are guided by the virtual envelop made by the external air-assistive unit which supplies compressed air in the aerodynamic region. The droplets are guided longer distance depending on the external air supply. The spring system provides the variable coverage path according to the canopy coverage. Manually controlled variable coverage high range electrostatic sprayer is applicable in transient and high wind agro-climatic conditions, reduces the air and soil pollutions.

ADVANTAGES

(23) The main advantages of the present invention are:

(24) 1. Will provide variable spray coverage with the adjustment according to the requirement of canopy and target.

(25) 2. Will be applicable in the presence of high wind and harsh environment.

(26) 3. Will cover a longer coverage distance of the crops specially in orchard spraying.

(27) 4. Will increase the bio-efficacy of the biological surfaces of crops and orchards.

CONCLUSION

(28) 1. An air-assisted electrostatic spraying system with external air assistance, wherein the said device comprises of: an external air assistive unit to. provide virtual path for the charged droplets (i), connected to an electrostatic nozzle (ii), forms an external air assisted electrostatic nozzle (A) which is further connected to a nozzle holder (B) through a pipe (HI) which consists of a high voltage power supply and controlling circuitry through a pipe.

(29) 2. The device of 1, wherein the said nozzle holder comprises of a trigger unit along with locking system (iv), automated switching (ON/OFF) device for high voltage power supply system (v), dc-to-dc converter for high voltage power generation of 1.5 kV to 2.5 kV (vi), rechargeable dc battery (vii), display system (viii), numerical voltage display of the rechargeable dc battery through display unit (ix), external compressed air supply controlling unit for variable air supply with air filter (x), conductive liquid supply pipe connector with filter (xi) and compressed air supply pipe connector with air filler (xii), being embedded in a nozzle housing made up of an insulating material having an arrangement of dissipating the stray current via a very high resistance to avoid the shock and hazards and the spray cloud current around the electrode placing, generates stray current which is dissipated through a very high resistance in the range of few Giga ohms connected in the conductive material nozzle body near the charging ring electrode.

(30) 3. The device of claim 1, wherein the said external air assistive unit (i) forms a virtual path for the finely divided charged particulate matter to provide the aerodynamic conditions for the transport of droplets to the intended target!

(31) 4. The device of 1, wherein manual control of external air supply of 50 psi to 200 psi has been provided to control the flow and amount of the air supplied to external assistive device according to. the optimized ratio of air and said spray pattern of the droplets, to achieve the variable target distance.

(32) 5. The device of 1, wherein the said electrostatic nozzle comprises of an external air assistive arrangement having six coaxial air passages (the number of the said air passages being variable) coaxially equidistant from the front end of nozzle exit tip made of tough material to withstand the pressure and thrust of compressed air supply wherein the said metallic air passages are movable and supported with the help of the fixed metallic U shaped structure.

(33) 6. The device of 5, wherein a spring and cord system is provided for the variable adjustment of spray from minimum to maximum target canopy coverage is connected to the metallic air passages for the manual control of angular movement of the said air passages.

(34) 7. The device of 2, wherein the automated switching (ON/OFF) device for high voltage power supply system (v) comprises of: two conductive material pin type electrodes for sensing the liquid flow of the of defined and selected dimensions, diameter of 1 mm and length 5 mm, inserted into the non conductive liquid pipe inside the nozzle at a selected distance from the said spray charging ring electrode, an electronic circuit to amplify the detected liquid flow in terms of current output and fetching the said current output to a current amplifier which drives the relay unit and the said relay unit triggers the said power supply unit through dc rechargeable battery.

(35) 8. The device of 2, wherein the said ring electrode is made of a conductive material Nickel having 4 mm inner diameter and 14 mm outer diameter embedded within the insulating nozzle housing, coaxially with front end of the conductive liquid exit tip of the nozzle, said material electrode spaced at defined and selected distance from the nozzle tip and ground electrode.

(36) 9. The device of 2, wherein a manually controlled trigger and locking system has been provided according to the said requirements of the variable spray cone angle of the canopy to cover and said distance of the target.

(37) 10, The device of 3, wherein the air stream forms an inner stream around the said ring electrode, that is, a means between the liquid jet and the said ring electrode to avoid the breakdown of the said ring electrode due to wetting effect.

(38) 11. The device of 2, wherein the high resistance is in the range of few Giga ohms, maintained to a zero potential through a grounded liquid.