Use of pesticidal active carboxamide derivative in soil and seed application and treatment methods
11564390 · 2023-01-31
Assignee
Inventors
Cpc classification
A01N25/02
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N47/06
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N51/00
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N25/00
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N37/22
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N43/90
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N47/40
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N47/40
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N47/02
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N47/34
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N37/22
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N47/02
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N47/30
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N43/90
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N47/24
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N47/24
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N47/34
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N2300/00
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N2300/00
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N53/00
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N43/713
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N43/713
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N25/00
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N51/00
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N25/02
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N53/00
HUMAN NECESSITIES
International classification
A01N25/00
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N43/713
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N43/90
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N47/30
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N51/00
HUMAN NECESSITIES
A01N37/22
HUMAN NECESSITIES
Abstract
The present invention relates to agricultural methods and the use of an insecticidal active carboxamide derivative in seed treatment and soil application methods. The insecticidal carboxamide derivative is highly suitable alone or in combination with other active agricultural ingredients for controlling animal pests such as insects and/or spider mites and/or nematodes by treating the soil/growth substrate by drenching or drip application or dipping or soil injection.
Claims
1. A method for controlling or combating animal pests in soil or plant propagation material comprising applying directly or indirectly to the plant or to plant propagation material by drenching the soil, by drip application onto the soil, by soil injection, by dipping or by treatment of seeds, a composition comprising an agriculturally active compound of formula (I): ##STR00002## or a tautomer, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a salt thereof, wherein the compound of formula (I) is combined with, or is applied together with, at least one other agriculturally active compound (A) selected from the group consisting of chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole and tetraniliprole; wherein the compound of formula (I) and the other agriculturally active compound (A) are present in a weight ratio of 4:1 to 1:75 for the compound of formula (I): the other agriculturally active compound (A).
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the plant or the plant propagation material to be treated is grown in an artificial growth substrate.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the artificial growth substrate is selected from rock wool, glass wool, quartz sand, gravel, expanded clay and vermiculite.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the plant or plant propagation material to be treated is planted or growing in a closed system.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound of formula (I) is applied by drip irrigation.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound of formula (I) is applied with drip application systems.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound of formula (I) is applied by soil injection.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one other agriculturally active compound (A) is chlorantraniliprole.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one other agriculturally active compound (A) is cyantraniliprole.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one other agriculturally active compound (A) is tetraniliprole.
11. A method for protection of plant propagation material comprising contacting the plant propagation material with a pesticidally effective composition comprising an agriculturally active compound of formula (I): ##STR00003## or a tautomer, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a salt thereof, wherein the compound of formula (I) is combined with, or is applied together with, at least one other agriculturally active compound (A) selected from the group consisting of chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole and tetraniliprole, wherein the compound of formula (I) and the other agriculturally active compound (A) are present in a weight ratio of 4:1 to 1:75 for the compound of formula (I): the other agriculturally active compound (A), wherein the plant propagation material are seeds of transgenic plant.
12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the compound(s) is applied in an amount of from 0.1 g to 100 kg per 100 kg of plant propagation material.
13. The method according to claim 11, wherein the plant roots and shoots resulting from the treated seeds are protected.
14. The method according to claim 11, wherein the active compound(s) is/are applied by drenching the soil.
15. The method according to claim 11, wherein the active compound(s) is/are applied by drip irrigation.
16. The method according to claim 11, wherein the active compound(s) is/are applied by soil injection.
17. The method according to claim 11, wherein the active compound(s) is/are applied with drip application systems.
18. The method according to claim 11, wherein the active compound(s) is/are used in in-furrow applications.
19. The method according to claim 11, wherein the active compound(s) is/are used in T-Band applications.
20. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one other agriculturally active compound (A) is chlorantraniliprole.
21. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one other agriculturally active compound (A) is cyantraniliprole.
22. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one other agriculturally active compound (A) is tetraniliprole.
23. Seed treated with a composition comprising an agriculturally active compound of formula (I): ##STR00004## or a tautomer, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a salt thereof, wherein the compound of formula (I) is combined with, or is applied together with, and at least one other agriculturally active compound (A) selected from the group consisting of chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole and tetraniliprole; wherein the compound of formula (I) and the other agriculturally active compound (A) are present in a weight ratio of 4:1 to 1:75 for the compound of formula (I): the other agriculturally active compound (A); in an amount of from 0.1 g to 10 kg per 100 kg of seeds.
24. The seed of claim 23, wherein the at least one other agriculturally active compound (A) is chlorantraniliprole.
25. The seed of claim 23, wherein the at least one other agriculturally active compound (A) is cyantraniliprole.
26. The seed of claim 23, wherein the at least one other agriculturally active compound (A) is tetraniliprole.
Description
MIXTURE EXAMPLES
(1) Examples of some mixtures according to the present invention are described in the tables hereinbelow.
(2) The agriculturally active component II, with which the compound of formula I can be combined, is an insecticide or a fungicide as identified and abbreviated according to the codes listed in table B.
(3) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE B Component II Abbr. Azoxystrobin II-F-1 Trifloxistrobin II-F-2 Picoxystrobin II-F-3 Pyraclostrobin II-F-4 Sedaxane II-F-5 Penthiopyrad II-F-6 Penflufen II-F-7 Fluopyram II-F-8 Fluxapyroxad II-F-9 Boscalid II-F-10 Oxathiapiprolin II-F-11 Metalaxyl II-F-12 Metalaxyl-M II-F-13 Ethaboxam II-F-14 Dimethomorph II-F-15 Valifenalate II-F-16 Cyproconazole II-F-17 Difenoconazole II-F-18 Prothioconazole II-F-19 Flutriafol II-F-20 Thiabendazole II-F-21 Ipconazole II-F-22 Tebuconazole II-F-23 Triadimenol II-F-24 Prochloraz II-F-25 Fluquinconazole II-F-26 Triticonazole II-F-27 Fludioxinil II-F-28 Carboxin II-F-29 Silthiofam II-F-30 Ziram II-F-31 Thiram II-F-32 Carbendazim II-F-33 thiophanate II-F-34 methyl Fipronil II-I-1 Clothianidin II-I-2 Thiamethoxam II-I-3 Acetamiprid II-I-4 Dinotefuran II-I-5 Imidacloprid II-I-6 Thiacloprid II-I-7 Sulfoxaflor II-I-8 Methiocarb II-I-9 Tefluthrin II-I-10 Bifenthrin II-I-11 Cypermethrin II-I-12 Alphacypermethrin II-I-13 Spinosad II-I-14 cyantraniliprole II-I-15 Chlorantraniliprole II-I-16 Thiodicarb II-I-17 Triflumezopyrim II-I-18 (Mesoionic) Acephate II-I-19 chlorpyrifos II-I-20 Flupyradifurone II-I-21 Abamectin II-I-22
(4) In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to mixtures comprising the compound of formula (I) and at least one further agriculturally active component II, such as an insecticide or a fungicide of table B.
(5) Thus, the mixtures comprise compound of formula (I) and a further agriculturally active component II of Table B.
(6) Thus, in the context of the present invention, each of the rows of Table B-1 corresponds to one mixture of compound I (of formula (I)) to be applied in the methods according to the present invention.
(7) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE B-1 Comp. Mixture No. Comp. I II M.B1.1 I II-F-1 M.B1.2 I II-F-2 M.B1.3 I II-F-3 M.B1.4 I II-F-4 M.B1.5 I II-F-5 M.B1.6 I II-F-6 M.B1.7 I II-F-7 M.B1.8 I II-F-8 M.B1.9 I II-F-9 M.B1.10 I II-F-10 M.B1.11 I II-F-11 M.B1.12 I II-F-12 M.B1.13 I II-F-13 M.B1.14 I II-F-14 M.B1.15 I II-F-15 M.B1.16 I II-F-16 M.B1.17 I II-F-17 M.B1.18 I II-F-18 M.B1.19 I II-F-19 M.B1.20 I II-F-20 M.B1.21 I II-F-21 M.B1.22 I II-F-22 M.B1.23 I II-F-23 M.B1.24 I II-F-24 M.B1.25 I II-F-25 M.B1.26 I II-F-26 M.B1.27 I II-F-27 M.B1.28 I II-F-28 M.B1.29 I II-F-29 M.B1.30 I II-F-30 M.B1.31 I II-F-31 M.B1.32 I II-F-32 M.B1.33 I II-F-33 M.B1.34 I II-F-34 M.B1.35 I II-I-1 M.B1.36 I II-I-2 M.B1.37 I II-I-3 M.B1.38 I II-I-4 M.B1.39 I II-I-5 M.B1.40 I II-I-6 M.B1.41 I II-I-7 M.B1.42 I II-I-8 M.B1.43 I II-I-9 M.B1.44 I II-I-10 M.B1.45 I II-I-11 M.B1.46 I II-I-12 M.B1.47 I II-I-13 M.B1.48 I II-I-14 M.B1.49 I II-I-15 M.B1.50 I II-I-16 M.B1.51 I II-I-17 M.B1.52 I II-I-18 M.B1.53 I II-I-19 M.B1.54 I II-I-20 M.B1.55 I II-I-21 M.B1.56 I II-I-22
(8) In another embodiment of the present invention, the mixtures comprise the compound of formula (I) and two agriculturally active components (active compound II and active compound III) selected from the compounds listed in Table B.
(9) Thus, in this further embodiment, the mixtures comprise compound of formula (I) and two fungicides or two insecticdes or compound of formula (I) and one fungicide and one insecticide, selected from table B.
(10) Thus, in the context of the present invention, each of the rows of Table T-1 corresponds to one mixture of compound I (of formula I) to be applied in the methods according to the present invention.
(11) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE T-1 Comp. Comp. Mixture No. Comp. I II III M.T1.1 I II-F-1 II-F-5 M.T1.2 I II-F-1 II-F-6 M.T1.3 I II-F-1 II-F-7 M.T1.4 I II-F-1 II-F-8 M.T1.5 I II-F-1 II-F-9 M.T1.6 I II-F-1 II-F-10 M.T1.7 I II-F-1 II-F-11 M.T1.8 I II-F-1 II-F-12 M.T1.9 I II-F-1 II-F-13 M.T1.10 I II-F-1 II-F-14 M.T1.11 I II-F-1 II-F-15 M.T1.12 I II-F-1 II-F-16 M.T1.13 I II-F-1 II-F-17 M.T1.14 I II-F-1 II-F-18 M.T1.15 I II-F-1 II-F-19 M.T1.16 I II-F-1 II-F-20 M.T1.17 I II-F-1 II-F-21 M.T1.18 I II-F-1 II-F-22 M.T1.19 I II-F-1 II-F-23 M.T1.20 I II-F-1 II-F-24 M.T1.21 I II-F-1 II-F-25 M.T1.22 I II-F-1 II-F-26 M.T1.23 I II-F-1 II-F-27 M.T1.24 I II-F-1 II-F-28 M.T1.25 I II-F-1 II-F-29 M.T1.26 I II-F-1 II-F-30 M.T1.27 I II-F-1 II-F-31 M.T1.28 I II-F-1 II-F-32 M.T1.29 I II-F-1 II-F-33 M.T1.30 I II-F-1 II-F-34 M.T1.31 I II-F-2 II-F-5 M.T1.32 I II-F-2 II-F-6 M.T1.33 I II-F-2 II-F-7 M.T1.34 I II-F-2 II-F-8 M.T1.35 I II-F-2 II-F-9 M.T1.36 I II-F-2 II-F-10 M.T1.37 I II-F-2 II-F-11 M.T1.38 I II-F-2 II-F-12 M.T1.39 I II-F-2 II-F-13 M.T1.40 I II-F-2 II-F-14 M.T1.41 I II-F-2 II-F-15 M.T1.42 I II-F-2 II-F-16 M.T1.43 I II-F-2 II-F-17 M.T1.44 I II-F-2 II-F-18 M.T1.45 I II-F-2 II-F-19 M.T1.46 I II-F-2 II-F-20 M.T1.47 I II-F-2 II-F-21 M.T1.48 I II-F-2 II-F-22 M.T1.49 I II-F-2 II-F-23 M.T1.50 I II-F-2 II-F-24 M.T1.51 I II-F-2 II-F-25 M.T1.52 I II-F-2 II-F-26 M.T1.53 I II-F-2 II-F-27 M.T1.54 I II-F-2 II-F-28 M.T1.55 I II-F-2 II-F-29 M.T1.56 I II-F-2 II-F-30 M.T1.57 I II-F-2 II-F-31 M.T1.58 I II-F-2 II-F-32 M.T1.59 I II-F-2 II-F-33 M.T1.60 I II-F-2 II-F-34 M.T1.61 I II-F-3 II-F-5 M.T1.62 I II-F-3 II-F-6 M.T1.63 I II-F-3 II-F-7 M.T1.64 I II-F-3 II-F-8 M.T1.65 I II-F-3 II-F-9 M.T1.66 I II-F-3 II-F-10 M.T1.67 I II-F-3 II-F-11 M.T1.68 I II-F-3 II-F-12 M.T1.69 I II-F-3 II-F-13 M.T1.70 I II-F-3 II-F-14 M.T1.71 I II-F-3 II-F-15 M.T1.72 I II-F-3 II-F-16 M.T1.73 I II-F-3 II-F-17 M.T1.74 I II-F-3 II-F-18 M.T1.75 I II-F-3 II-F-19 M.T1.76 I II-F-3 II-F-20 M.T1.77 I II-F-3 II-F-21 M.T1.78 I II-F-3 II-F-22 M.T1.79 I II-F-3 II-F-23 M.T1.80 I II-F-3 II-F-24 M.T1.81 I II-F-3 II-F-25 M.T1.82 I II-F-3 II-F-26 M.T1.83 I II-F-3 II-F-27 M.T1.84 I II-F-3 II-F-28 M.T1.85 I II-F-3 II-F-29 M.T1.86 I II-F-3 II-F-30 M.T1.87 I II-F-3 II-F-31 M.T1.88 I II-F-3 II-F-32 M.T1.89 I II-F-3 II-F-33 M.T1.90 I II-F-3 II-F-34 M.T1.91 I II-F-4 II-F-5 M.T1.92 I II-F-4 II-F-6 M.T1.93 I II-F-4 II-F-7 M.T1.94 I II-F-4 II-F-8 M.T1.95 I II-F-4 II-F-9 M.T1.96 I II-F-4 II-F-10 M.T1.97 I II-F-4 II-F-11 M.T1.98 I II-F-4 II-F-12 M.T1.99 I II-F-4 II-F-13 M.T1.100 I II-F-4 II-F-14 M.T1.101 I II-F-4 II-F-15 M.T1.102 I II-F-4 II-F-16 M.T1.103 I II-F-4 II-F-17 M.T1.104 I II-F-4 II-F-18 M.T1.105 I II-F-4 II-F-19 M.T1.106 I II-F-4 II-F-20 M.T1.107 I II-F-4 II-F-21 M.T1.108 I II-F-4 II-F-22 M.T1.109 I II-F-4 II-F-23 M.T1.110 I II-F-4 II-F-24 M.T1.111 I II-F-4 II-F-25 M.T1.112 I II-F-4 II-F-26 M.T1.113 I II-F-4 II-F-27 M.T1.114 I II-F-4 II-F-28 M.T1.115 I II-F-4 II-F-29 M.T1.116 I II-F-4 II-F-30 M.T1.117 I II-F-4 II-F-31 M.T1.118 I II-F-4 II-F-32 M.T1.119 I II-F-4 II-F-33 M.T1.120 I II-F-4 II-F-34 M.T1.121 I II-F-5 II-F-11 M.T1.122 I II-F-5 II-F-12 M.T1.123 I II-F-5 II-F-13 M.T1.124 I II-F-5 II-F-14 M.T1.125 I II-F-5 II-F-15 M.T1.126 I II-F-5 II-F-16 M.T1.127 I II-F-5 II-F-17 M.T1.128 I II-F-5 II-F-18 M.T1.129 I II-F-5 II-F-19 M.T1.130 I II-F-5 II-F-20 M.T1.131 I II-F-5 II-F-21 M.T1.132 I II-F-5 II-F-22 M.T1.133 I II-F-5 II-F-23 M.T1.134 I II-F-5 II-F-24 M.T1.135 I II-F-5 II-F-25 M.T1.136 I II-F-5 II-F-26 M.T1.137 I II-F-5 II-F-27 M.T1.138 I II-F-5 II-F-28 M.T1.139 I II-F-5 II-F-29 M.T1.140 I II-F-5 II-F-30 M.T1.141 I II-F-5 II-F-31 M.T1.142 I II-F-5 II-F-32 M.T1.143 I II-F-5 II-F-33 M.T1.144 I II-F-5 II-F-34 M.T1.145 I II-F-6 II-F-11 M.T1.146 I II-F-6 II-F-12 M.T1.147 I II-F-6 II-F-13 M.T1.148 I II-F-6 II-F-14 M.T1.149 I II-F-6 II-F-15 M.T1.150 I II-F-6 II-F-16 M.T1.151 I II-F-6 II-F-17 M.T1.152 I II-F-6 II-F-18 M.T1.153 I II-F-6 II-F-19 M.T1.154 I II-F-6 II-F-20 M.T1.155 I II-F-6 II-F-21 M.T1.156 I II-F-6 II-F-22 M.T1.157 I II-F-6 II-F-23 M.T1.158 I II-F-6 II-F-24 M.T1.159 I II-F-6 II-F-25 M.T1.160 I II-F-6 II-F-26 M.T1.161 I II-F-6 II-F-27 M.T1.162 I II-F-6 II-F-28 M.T1.163 I II-F-6 II-F-29 M.T1.164 I II-F-6 II-F-30 M.T1.165 I II-F-6 II-F-31 M.T1.166 I II-F-6 II-F-32 M.T1.167 I II-F-6 II-F-33 M.T1.168 I II-F-6 II-F-34 M.T1.169 I II-F-6 II-F-11 M.T1.170 I II-F-6 II-F-12 M.T1.171 I II-F-6 II-F-13 M.T1.172 I II-F-6 II-F-14 M.T1.173 I II-F-6 II-F-15 M.T1.174 I II-F-6 II-F-16 M.T1.175 I II-F-6 II-F-17 M.T1.176 I II-F-6 II-F-18 M.T1.177 I II-F-6 II-F-19 M.T1.178 I II-F-6 II-F-20 M.T1.179 I II-F-6 II-F-21 M.T1.180 I II-F-6 II-F-22 M.T1.181 I II-F-6 II-F-23 M.T1.182 I II-F-6 II-F-24 M.T1.183 I II-F-6 II-F-25 M.T1.184 I II-F-6 II-F-26 M.T1.185 I II-F-6 II-F-27 M.T1.186 I II-F-6 II-F-28 M.T1.187 I II-F-6 II-F-29 M.T1.188 I II-F-6 II-F-30 M.T1.189 I II-F-6 II-F-31 M.T1.190 I II-F-6 II-F-32 M.T1.191 I II-F-6 II-F-33 M.T1.192 I II-F-6 II-F-34 M.T1.193 I II-F-7 II-F-11 M.T1.194 I II-F-7 II-F-12 M.T1.195 I II-F-7 II-F-13 M.T1.196 I II-F-7 II-F-14 M.T1.197 I II-F-7 II-F-15 M.T1.198 I II-F-7 II-F-16 M.T1.199 I II-F-7 II-F-17 M.T1.200 I II-F-7 II-F-18 M.T1.201 I II-F-7 II-F-19 M.T1.202 I II-F-7 II-F-20 M.T1.203 I II-F-7 II-F-21 M.T1.204 I II-F-7 II-F-22 M.T1.205 I II-F-7 II-F-23 M.T1.206 I II-F-7 II-F-24 M.T1.207 I II-F-7 II-F-25 M.T1.208 I II-F-7 II-F-26 M.T1.209 I II-F-7 II-F-27 M.T1.210 I II-F-7 II-F-28 M.T1.211 I II-F-7 II-F-29 M.T1.212 I II-F-7 II-F-30 M.T1.213 I II-F-7 II-F-31 M.T1.214 I II-F-7 II-F-32 M.T1.215 I II-F-7 II-F-33 M.T1.216 I II-F-7 II-F-34 M.T1.217 I II-F-8 II-F-11 M.T1.218 I II-F-8 II-F-12 M.T1.219 I II-F-8 II-F-13 M.T1.220 I II-F-8 II-F-14 M.T1.221 I II-F-8 II-F-15 M.T1.222 I II-F-8 II-F-16 M.T1.223 I II-F-8 II-F-17 M.T1.224 I II-F-8 II-F-18 M.T1.225 I II-F-8 II-F-19 M.T1.226 I II-F-8 II-F-20 M.T1.227 I II-F-8 II-F-21 M.T1.228 I II-F-8 II-F-22 M.T1.229 I II-F-8 II-F-23 M.T1.230 I II-F-8 II-F-24 M.T1.231 I II-F-8 II-F-25 M.T1.232 I II-F-8 II-F-26 M.T1.233 I II-F-8 II-F-27 M.T1.234 I II-F-8 II-F-28 M.T1.235 I II-F-8 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M.T1.612 I II-I-4 II-F-19 M.T1.613 I II-I-4 II-F-20 M.T1.614 I II-I-4 II-F-21 M.T1.615 I II-I-4 II-F-22 M.T1.616 I II-I-4 II-F-23 M.T1.617 I II-I-4 II-F-24 M.T1.618 I II-I-4 II-F-25 M.T1.619 I II-I-4 II-F-26 M.T1.620 I II-I-4 II-F-27 M.T1.621 I II-I-4 II-F-28 M.T1.622 I II-I-4 II-F-29 M.T1.623 I II-I-4 II-F-30 M.T1.624 I II-I-4 II-F-31 M.T1.625 I II-I-4 II-F-32 M.T1.626 I II-I-4 II-F-33 M.T1.627 I II-I-4 II-F-34 M.T1.628 I II-I-4 II-I-22 M.T1.629 I II-I-5 II-F-1 M.T1.630 I II-I-5 II-F-2 M.T1.631 I II-I-5 II-F-3 M.T1.632 I II-I-5 II-F-4 M.T1.633 I II-I-5 II-F-5 M.T1.634 I II-I-5 II-F-6 M.T1.635 I II-I-5 II-F-7 M.T1.636 I II-I-5 II-F-8 M.T1.637 I II-I-5 II-F-9 M.T1.638 I II-I-5 II-F-10 M.T1.639 I II-I-5 II-F-11 M.T1.640 I II-I-5 II-F-12 M.T1.641 I II-I-5 II-F-13 M.T1.642 I II-I-5 II-F-14 M.T1.643 I II-I-5 II-F-15 M.T1.644 I II-I-5 II-F-16 M.T1.645 I II-I-5 II-F-17 M.T1.646 I II-I-5 II-F-18 M.T1.647 I II-I-5 II-F-19 M.T1.648 I II-I-5 II-F-20 M.T1.649 I II-I-5 II-F-21 M.T1.650 I II-I-5 II-F-22 M.T1.651 I II-I-5 II-F-23 M.T1.652 I II-I-5 II-F-24 M.T1.653 I II-I-5 II-F-25 M.T1.654 I II-I-5 II-F-26 M.T1.655 I II-I-5 II-F-27 M.T1.656 I II-I-5 II-F-28 M.T1.657 I II-I-5 II-F-29 M.T1.658 I II-I-5 II-F-30 M.T1.659 I II-I-5 II-F-31 M.T1.660 I II-I-5 II-F-32 M.T1.661 I II-I-5 II-F-33 M.T1.662 I II-I-5 II-F-34 M.T1.663 I II-I-5 II-I-22 M.T1.664 I II-I-6 II-F-1 M.T1.665 I II-I-6 II-F-2 M.T1.666 I II-I-6 II-F-3 M.T1.667 I II-I-6 II-F-4 M.T1.668 I II-I-6 II-F-5 M.T1.669 I II-I-6 II-F-6 M.T1.670 I II-I-6 II-F-7 M.T1.671 I II-I-6 II-F-8 M.T1.672 I II-I-6 II-F-9 M.T1.673 I II-I-6 II-F-10 M.T1.674 I II-I-6 II-F-11 M.T1.675 I II-I-6 II-F-12 M.T1.676 I II-I-6 II-F-13 M.T1.677 I II-I-6 II-F-14 M.T1.678 I II-I-6 II-F-15 M.T1.679 I II-I-6 II-F-16 M.T1.680 I II-I-6 II-F-17 M.T1.681 I II-I-6 II-F-18 M.T1.682 I II-I-6 II-F-19 M.T1.683 I II-I-6 II-F-20 M.T1.684 I II-I-6 II-F-21 M.T1.685 I II-I-6 II-F-22 M.T1.686 I II-I-6 II-F-23 M.T1.687 I II-I-6 II-F-24 M.T1.688 I II-I-6 II-F-25 M.T1.689 I II-I-6 II-F-26 M.T1.690 I II-I-6 II-F-27 M.T1.691 I II-I-6 II-F-28 M.T1.692 I II-I-6 II-F-29 M.T1.693 I II-I-6 II-F-30 M.T1.694 I II-I-6 II-F-31 M.T1.695 I II-I-6 II-F-32 M.T1.696 I II-I-6 II-F-33 M.T1.697 I II-I-6 II-F-34 M.T1.698 I II-I-6 II-I-22 M.T1.699 I II-I-7 II-F-1 M.T1.700 I II-I-7 II-F-2 M.T1.701 I II-I-7 II-F-3 M.T1.702 I II-I-7 II-F-4 M.T1.703 I II-I-7 II-F-5 M.T1.704 I II-I-7 II-F-6 M.T1.705 I II-I-7 II-F-7 M.T1.706 I II-I-7 II-F-8 M.T1.707 I II-I-7 II-F-9 M.T1.708 I II-I-7 II-F-10 M.T1.709 I II-I-7 II-F-11 M.T1.710 I II-I-7 II-F-12 M.T1.711 I II-I-7 II-F-13 M.T1.712 I II-I-7 II-F-14 M.T1.713 I II-I-7 II-F-15 M.T1.714 I II-I-7 II-F-16 M.T1.715 I II-I-7 II-F-17 M.T1.716 I II-I-7 II-F-18 M.T1.717 I II-I-7 II-F-19 M.T1.718 I II-I-7 II-F-20 M.T1.719 I II-I-7 II-F-21 M.T1.720 I II-I-7 II-F-22 M.T1.721 I II-I-7 II-F-23 M.T1.722 I II-I-7 II-F-24 M.T1.723 I II-I-7 II-F-25 M.T1.724 I II-I-7 II-F-26 M.T1.725 I II-I-7 II-F-27 M.T1.726 I II-I-7 II-F-28 M.T1.727 I II-I-7 II-F-29 M.T1.728 I II-I-7 II-F-30 M.T1.729 I II-I-7 II-F-31 M.T1.730 I II-I-7 II-F-32 M.T1.731 I II-I-7 II-F-33 M.T1.732 I II-I-7 II-F-34 M.T1.733 I II-I-7 II-I-22 M.T1.734 I II-I-8 II-F-1 M.T1.735 I II-I-8 II-F-2 M.T1.736 I II-I-8 II-F-3 M.T1.737 I II-I-8 II-F-4 M.T1.738 I II-I-8 II-F-5 M.T1.739 I II-I-8 II-F-6 M.T1.740 I II-I-8 II-F-7 M.T1.741 I II-I-8 II-F-8 M.T1.742 I II-I-8 II-F-9 M.T1.743 I II-I-8 II-F-10 M.T1.744 I II-I-8 II-F-11 M.T1.745 I II-I-8 II-F-12 M.T1.746 I II-I-8 II-F-13 M.T1.747 I II-I-8 II-F-14 M.T1.748 I II-I-8 II-F-15 M.T1.749 I II-I-8 II-F-16 M.T1.750 I II-I-8 II-F-17 M.T1.751 I II-I-8 II-F-18 M.T1.752 I II-I-8 II-F-19 M.T1.753 I II-I-8 II-F-20 M.T1.754 I II-I-8 II-F-21 M.T1.755 I II-I-8 II-F-22 M.T1.756 I II-I-8 II-F-23 M.T1.757 I II-I-8 II-F-24 M.T1.758 I II-I-8 II-F-25 M.T1.759 I II-I-8 II-F-26 M.T1.760 I II-I-8 II-F-27 M.T1.761 I II-I-8 II-F-28 M.T1.762 I II-I-8 II-F-29 M.T1.763 I II-I-8 II-F-30 M.T1.764 I II-I-8 II-F-31 M.T1.765 I II-I-8 II-F-32 M.T1.766 I II-I-8 II-F-33 M.T1.767 I II-I-8 II-F-34 M.T1.768 I II-I-8 II-I-22 M.T1.769 I II-I-9 II-F-1 M.T1.770 I II-I-9 II-F-2 M.T1.771 I II-I-9 II-F-3 M.T1.772 I II-I-9 II-F-4 M.T1.773 I II-I-9 II-F-5 M.T1.774 I II-I-9 II-F-6 M.T1.775 I II-I-9 II-F-7 M.T1.776 I II-I-9 II-F-8 M.T1.777 I II-I-9 II-F-9 M.T1.778 I II-I-9 II-F-10 M.T1.779 I II-I-9 II-F-11 M.T1.780 I II-I-9 II-F-12 M.T1.781 I II-I-9 II-F-13 M.T1.782 I II-I-9 II-F-14 M.T1.783 I II-I-9 II-F-15 M.T1.784 I II-I-9 II-F-16 M.T1.785 I II-I-9 II-F-17 M.T1.786 I II-I-9 II-F-18 M.T1.787 I II-I-9 II-F-19 M.T1.788 I II-I-9 II-F-20 M.T1.789 I II-I-9 II-F-21 M.T1.790 I II-I-9 II-F-22 M.T1.791 I II-I-9 II-F-23 M.T1.792 I II-I-9 II-F-24 M.T1.793 I II-I-9 II-F-25 M.T1.794 I II-I-9 II-F-26 M.T1.795 I II-I-9 II-F-27 M.T1.796 I II-I-9 II-F-28 M.T1.797 I II-I-9 II-F-29 M.T1.798 I II-I-9 II-F-30 M.T1.799 I II-I-9 II-F-31 M.T1.800 I II-I-9 II-F-32 M.T1.801 I II-I-9 II-F-33 M.T1.802 I II-I-9 II-F-34 M.T1.803 I II-I-9 II-I-22 M.T1.804 I II-I-10 II-F-1 M.T1.805 I II-I-10 II-F-2 M.T1.806 I II-I-10 II-F-3 M.T1.807 I II-I-10 II-F-4 M.T1.808 I II-I-10 II-F-5 M.T1.809 I II-I-10 II-F-6 M.T1.810 I II-I-10 II-F-7 M.T1.811 I II-I-10 II-F-8 M.T1.812 I II-I-10 II-F-9 M.T1.813 I II-I-10 II-F-10 M.T1.814 I II-I-10 II-F-11 M.T1.815 I II-I-10 II-F-12 M.T1.816 I II-I-10 II-F-13 M.T1.817 I II-I-10 II-F-14 M.T1.818 I II-I-10 II-F-15 M.T1.819 I II-I-10 II-F-16 M.T1.820 I II-I-10 II-F-17 M.T1.821 I II-I-10 II-F-18 M.T1.822 I II-I-10 II-F-19 M.T1.823 I II-I-10 II-F-20 M.T1.824 I II-I-10 II-F-21 M.T1.825 I II-I-10 II-F-22 M.T1.826 I II-I-10 II-F-23 M.T1.827 I II-I-10 II-F-24 M.T1.828 I II-I-10 II-F-25 M.T1.829 I II-I-10 II-F-26 M.T1.830 I II-I-10 II-F-27 M.T1.831 I II-I-10 II-F-28 M.T1.832 I II-I-10 II-F-29 M.T1.833 I II-I-10 II-F-30 M.T1.834 I II-I-10 II-F-31 M.T1.835 I II-I-10 II-F-32 M.T1.836 I II-I-10 II-F-33 M.T1.837 I II-I-10 II-F-34 M.T1.838 I II-I-10 II-I-22 M.T1.839 I II-I-11 II-F-1 M.T1.840 I II-I-11 II-F-2 M.T1.841 I II-I-11 II-F-3 M.T1.842 I II-I-11 II-F-4 M.T1.843 I II-I-11 II-F-5 M.T1.844 I II-I-11 II-F-6 M.T1.845 I II-I-11 II-F-7 M.T1.846 I II-I-11 II-F-8 M.T1.847 I II-I-11 II-F-9 M.T1.848 I II-I-11 II-F-10 M.T1.849 I II-I-11 II-F-11 M.T1.850 I II-I-11 II-F-12 M.T1.851 I II-I-11 II-F-13 M.T1.852 I II-I-11 II-F-14 M.T1.853 I II-I-11 II-F-15 M.T1.854 I II-I-11 II-F-16 M.T1.855 I II-I-11 II-F-17 M.T1.856 I II-I-11 II-F-18 M.T1.857 I II-I-11 II-F-19 M.T1.858 I II-I-11 II-F-20 M.T1.859 I II-I-11 II-F-21 M.T1.860 I II-I-11 II-F-22 M.T1.861 I II-I-11 II-F-23 M.T1.862 I II-I-11 II-F-24 M.T1.863 I II-I-11 II-F-25 M.T1.864 I II-I-11 II-F-26 M.T1.865 I II-I-11 II-F-27 M.T1.866 I II-I-11 II-F-28 M.T1.867 I II-I-11 II-F-29 M.T1.868 I II-I-11 II-F-30 M.T1.869 I II-I-11 II-F-31 M.T1.870 I II-I-11 II-F-32 M.T1.871 I II-I-11 II-F-33 M.T1.872 I II-I-11 II-F-34 M.T1.873 I II-I-11 II-I-22 M.T1.874 I II-I-12 II-F-1 M.T1.875 I II-I-12 II-F-2 M.T1.876 I II-I-12 II-F-3 M.T1.877 I II-I-12 II-F-4 M.T1.878 I II-I-12 II-F-5 M.T1.879 I II-I-12 II-F-6 M.T1.880 I II-I-12 II-F-7 M.T1.881 I II-I-12 II-F-8 M.T1.882 I II-I-12 II-F-9 M.T1.883 I II-I-12 II-F-10 M.T1.884 I II-I-12 II-F-11 M.T1.885 I II-I-12 II-F-12 M.T1.886 I II-I-12 II-F-13 M.T1.887 I II-I-12 II-F-14 M.T1.888 I II-I-12 II-F-15 M.T1.889 I II-I-12 II-F-16 M.T1.890 I II-I-12 II-F-17 M.T1.891 I II-I-12 II-F-18 M.T1.892 I II-I-12 II-F-19 M.T1.893 I II-I-12 II-F-20 M.T1.894 I II-I-12 II-F-21 M.T1.895 I II-I-12 II-F-22 M.T1.896 I II-I-12 II-F-23 M.T1.897 I II-I-12 II-F-24 M.T1.898 I II-I-12 II-F-25 M.T1.899 I II-I-12 II-F-26 M.T1.900 I II-I-12 II-F-27 M.T1.901 I II-I-12 II-F-28 M.T1.902 I II-I-12 II-F-29 M.T1.903 I II-I-12 II-F-30 M.T1.904 I II-I-12 II-F-31 M.T1.905 I II-I-12 II-F-32 M.T1.906 I II-I-12 II-F-33 M.T1.907 I II-I-12 II-F-34 M.T1.908 I II-I-12 II-I-22 M.T1.909 I II-I-13 II-F-1 M.T1.910 I II-I-13 II-F-2 M.T1.911 I II-I-13 II-F-3 M.T1.912 I II-I-13 II-F-4 M.T1.913 I II-I-13 II-F-5 M.T1.914 I II-I-13 II-F-6 M.T1.915 I II-I-13 II-F-7 M.T1.916 I II-I-13 II-F-8 M.T1.917 I II-I-13 II-F-9 M.T1.918 I II-I-13 II-F-10 M.T1.919 I II-I-13 II-F-11 M.T1.920 I II-I-13 II-F-12 M.T1.921 I II-I-13 II-F-13 M.T1.922 I II-I-13 II-F-14 M.T1.923 I II-I-13 II-F-15 M.T1.924 I II-I-13 II-F-16 M.T1.925 I II-I-13 II-F-17 M.T1.926 I II-I-13 II-F-18 M.T1.927 I II-I-13 II-F-19 M.T1.928 I II-I-13 II-F-20 M.T1.929 I II-I-13 II-F-21 M.T1.930 I II-I-13 II-F-22 M.T1.931 I II-I-13 II-F-23 M.T1.932 I II-I-13 II-F-24 M.T1.933 I II-I-13 II-F-25 M.T1.934 I II-I-13 II-F-26 M.T1.935 I II-I-13 II-F-27 M.T1.936 I II-I-13 II-F-28 M.T1.937 I II-I-13 II-F-29 M.T1.938 I II-I-13 II-F-30 M.T1.939 I II-I-13 II-F-31 M.T1.940 I II-I-13 II-F-32 M.T1.941 I II-I-13 II-F-33 M.T1.942 I II-I-13 II-F-34 M.T1.943 I II-I-13 II-I-22 M.T1.944 I II-I-14 II-F-1 M.T1.945 I II-I-14 II-F-2 M.T1.946 I II-I-14 II-F-3 M.T1.947 I II-I-14 II-F-4 M.T1.948 I II-I-14 II-F-5 M.T1.949 I II-I-14 II-F-6 M.T1.950 I II-I-14 II-F-7 M.T1.951 I II-I-14 II-F-8 M.T1.952 I II-I-14 II-F-9 M.T1.953 I II-I-14 II-F-10 M.T1.954 I II-I-14 II-F-11 M.T1.955 I II-I-14 II-F-12 M.T1.956 I II-I-14 II-F-13 M.T1.957 I II-I-14 II-F-14 M.T1.958 I II-I-14 II-F-15 M.T1.959 I II-I-14 II-F-16 M.T1.960 I II-I-14 II-F-17 M.T1.961 I II-I-14 II-F-18 M.T1.962 I II-I-14 II-F-19 M.T1.963 I II-I-14 II-F-20 M.T1.964 I II-I-14 II-F-21 M.T1.965 I II-I-14 II-F-22 M.T1.966 I II-I-14 II-F-23 M.T1.967 I II-I-14 II-F-24 M.T1.968 I II-I-14 II-F-25 M.T1.969 I II-I-14 II-F-26 M.T1.970 I II-I-14 II-F-27 M.T1.971 I II-I-14 II-F-28 M.T1.972 I II-I-14 II-F-29 M.T1.973 I II-I-14 II-F-30 M.T1.974 I II-I-14 II-F-31 M.T1.975 I II-I-14 II-F-32 M.T1.976 I II-I-14 II-F-33 M.T1.977 I II-I-14 II-F-34 M.T1.978 I II-I-14 II-I-22 M.T1.979 I II-I-15 II-F-1 M.T1.980 I II-I-15 II-F-2 M.T1.981 I II-I-15 II-F-3 M.T1.982 I II-I-15 II-F-4 M.T1.983 I II-I-15 II-F-5 M.T1.984 I II-I-15 II-F-6 M.T1.985 I II-I-15 II-F-7 M.T1.986 I II-I-15 II-F-8 M.T1.987 I II-I-15 II-F-9 M.T1.988 I II-I-15 II-F-10 M.T1.989 I II-I-15 II-F-11 M.T1.990 I II-I-15 II-F-12 M.T1.991 I II-I-15 II-F-13 M.T1.992 I II-I-15 II-F-14 M.T1.993 I II-I-15 II-F-15 M.T1.994 I II-I-15 II-F-16 M.T1.995 I II-I-15 II-F-17 M.T1.996 I II-I-15 II-F-18 M.T1.997 I II-I-15 II-F-19 M.T1.998 I II-I-15 II-F-20 M.T1.999 I II-I-15 II-F-21 M.T1.1000 I II-I-15 II-F-22 M.T1.1001 I II-I-15 II-F-23 M.T1.1002 I II-I-15 II-F-24 M.T1.1003 I II-I-15 II-F-25 M.T1.1004 I II-I-15 II-F-26 M.T1.1005 I II-I-15 II-F-27 M.T1.1006 I II-I-15 II-F-28 M.T1.1007 I II-I-15 II-F-29 M.T1.1008 I II-I-15 II-F-30 M.T1.1009 I II-I-15 II-F-31 M.T1.1010 I II-I-15 II-F-32 M.T1.1011 I II-I-15 II-F-33 M.T1.1012 I II-I-15 II-F-34 M.T1.1013 I II-I-15 II-I-22 M.T1.1014 I II-I-16 II-F-1 M.T1.1015 I II-I-16 II-F-2 M.T1.1016 I II-I-16 II-F-3 M.T1.1017 I II-I-16 II-F-4 M.T1.1018 I II-I-16 II-F-5 M.T1.1019 I II-I-16 II-F-6 M.T1.1020 I II-I-16 II-F-7 M.T1.1021 I II-I-16 II-F-8 M.T1.1022 I II-I-16 II-F-9 M.T1.1023 I II-I-16 II-F-10 M.T1.1024 I II-I-16 II-F-11 M.T1.1025 I II-I-16 II-F-12 M.T1.1026 I II-I-16 II-F-13 M.T1.1027 I II-I-16 II-F-14 M.T1.1028 I II-I-16 II-F-15 M.T1.1029 I II-I-16 II-F-16 M.T1.1030 I II-I-16 II-F-17 M.T1.1031 I II-I-16 II-F-18 M.T1.1032 I II-I-16 II-F-19 M.T1.1033 I II-I-16 II-F-20 M.T1.1034 I II-I-16 II-F-21 M.T1.1035 I II-I-16 II-F-22 M.T1.1036 I II-I-16 II-F-23 M.T1.1037 I II-I-16 II-F-24 M.T1.1038 I II-I-16 II-F-25 M.T1.1039 I II-I-16 II-F-26 M.T1.1040 I II-I-16 II-F-27 M.T1.1041 I II-I-16 II-F-28 M.T1.1042 I II-I-16 II-F-29 M.T1.1043 I II-I-16 II-F-30 M.T1.1044 I II-I-16 II-F-31 M.T1.1045 I II-I-16 II-F-32 M.T1.1046 I II-I-16 II-F-33 M.T1.1047 I II-I-16 II-F-34 M.T1.1048 I II-I-16 II-I-22 M.T1.1049 I II-I-17 II-F-1 M.T1.1050 I II-I-17 II-F-2 M.T1.1051 I II-I-17 II-F-3 M.T1.1052 I II-I-17 II-F-4 M.T1.1053 I II-I-17 II-F-5 M.T1.1054 I II-I-17 II-F-6 M.T1.1055 I II-I-17 II-F-7 M.T1.1056 I II-I-17 II-F-8 M.T1.1057 I II-I-17 II-F-9 M.T1.1058 I II-I-17 II-F-10 M.T1.1059 I II-I-17 II-F-11 M.T1.1060 I II-I-17 II-F-12 M.T1.1061 I II-I-17 II-F-13 M.T1.1062 I II-I-17 II-F-14 M.T1.1063 I II-I-17 II-F-15 M.T1.1064 I II-I-17 II-F-16 M.T1.1065 I II-I-17 II-F-17 M.T1.1066 I II-I-17 II-F-18 M.T1.1067 I II-I-17 II-F-19 M.T1.1068 I II-I-17 II-F-20 M.T1.1069 I II-I-17 II-F-21 M.T1.1070 I II-I-17 II-F-22 M.T1.1071 I II-I-17 II-F-23 M.T1.1072 I II-I-17 II-F-24 M.T1.1073 I II-I-17 II-F-25 M.T1.1074 I II-I-17 II-F-26 M.T1.1075 I II-I-17 II-F-27 M.T1.1076 I II-I-17 II-F-28 M.T1.1077 I II-I-17 II-F-29 M.T1.1078 I II-I-17 II-F-30 M.T1.1079 I II-I-17 II-F-31 M.T1.1080 I II-I-17 II-F-32 M.T1.1081 I II-I-17 II-F-33 M.T1.1082 I II-I-17 II-F-34 M.T1.1083 I II-I-17 II-I-22 M.T1.1084 I II-I-18 II-F-1 M.T1.1085 I II-I-18 II-F-2 M.T1.1086 I II-I-18 II-F-3 M.T1.1087 I II-I-18 II-F-4 M.T1.1088 I II-I-18 II-F-5 M.T1.1089 I II-I-18 II-F-6 M.T1.1090 I II-I-18 II-F-7 M.T1.1091 I II-I-18 II-F-8 M.T1.1092 I II-I-18 II-F-9 M.T1.1093 I II-I-18 II-F-10 M.T1.1094 I II-I-18 II-F-11 M.T1.1095 I II-I-18 II-F-12 M.T1.1096 I II-I-18 II-F-13 M.T1.1097 I II-I-18 II-F-14 M.T1.1098 I II-I-18 II-F-15 M.T1.1099 I II-I-18 II-F-16 M.T1.1100 I II-I-18 II-F-17 M.T1.1101 I II-I-18 II-F-18 M.T1.1102 I II-I-18 II-F-19 M.T1.1103 I II-I-18 II-F-20 M.T1.1104 I II-I-18 II-F-21 M.T1.1105 I II-I-18 II-F-22 M.T1.1106 I II-I-18 II-F-23 M.T1.1107 I II-I-18 II-F-24 M.T1.1108 I II-I-18 II-F-25 M.T1.1109 I II-I-18 II-F-26 M.T1.1110 I II-I-18 II-F-27 M.T1.1111 I II-I-18 II-F-28 M.T1.1112 I II-I-18 II-F-29 M.T1.1113 I II-I-18 II-F-30 M.T1.1114 I II-I-18 II-F-31 M.T1.1115 I II-I-18 II-F-32 M.T1.1116 I II-I-18 II-F-33 M.T1.1117 I II-I-18 II-F-34 M.T1.1118 I II-I-18 II-I-22 M.T1.1119 I II-I-19 II-F-1 M.T1.1120 I II-I-19 II-F-2 M.T1.1121 I II-I-19 II-F-3 M.T1.1122 I II-I-19 II-F-4 M.T1.1123 I II-I-19 II-F-5 M.T1.1124 I II-I-19 II-F-6 M.T1.1125 I II-I-19 II-F-7 M.T1.1126 I II-I-19 II-F-8 M.T1.1127 I II-I-19 II-F-9 M.T1.1128 I II-I-19 II-F-10 M.T1.1129 I II-I-19 II-F-11 M.T1.1130 I II-I-19 II-F-12 M.T1.1131 I II-I-19 II-F-13 M.T1.1132 I II-I-19 II-F-14 M.T1.1133 I II-I-19 II-F-15 M.T1.1134 I II-I-19 II-F-16 M.T1.1135 I II-I-19 II-F-17 M.T1.1136 I II-I-19 II-F-18 M.T1.1137 I II-I-19 II-F-19 M.T1.1138 I II-I-19 II-F-20 M.T1.1139 I II-I-19 II-F-21 M.T1.1140 I II-I-19 II-F-22 M.T1.1141 I II-I-19 II-F-23 M.T1.1142 I II-I-19 II-F-24 M.T1.1143 I II-I-19 II-F-25 M.T1.1144 I II-I-19 II-F-26 M.T1.1145 I II-I-19 II-F-27 M.T1.1146 I II-I-19 II-F-28 M.T1.1147 I II-I-19 II-F-29 M.T1.1148 I II-I-19 II-F-30 M.T1.1149 I II-I-19 II-F-31 M.T1.1150 I II-I-19 II-F-32 M.T1.1151 I II-I-19 II-F-33 M.T1.1152 I II-I-19 II-F-34 M.T1.1153 I II-I-19 II-I-22 M.T1.1154 I II-I-20 II-F-1 M.T1.1155 I II-I-20 II-F-2 M.T1.1156 I II-I-20 II-F-3 M.T1.1157 I II-I-20 II-F-4 M.T1.1158 I II-I-20 II-F-5 M.T1.1159 I II-I-20 II-F-6 M.T1.1160 I II-I-20 II-F-7 M.T1.1161 I II-I-20 II-F-8 M.T1.1162 I II-I-20 II-F-9 M.T1.1163 I II-I-20 II-F-10 M.T1.1164 I II-I-20 II-F-11 M.T1.1165 I II-I-20 II-F-12 M.T1.1166 I II-I-20 II-F-13 M.T1.1167 I II-I-20 II-F-14 M.T1.1168 I II-I-20 II-F-15 M.T1.1169 I II-I-20 II-F-16 M.T1.1170 I II-I-20 II-F-17 M.T1.1171 I II-I-20 II-F-18 M.T1.1172 I II-I-20 II-F-19 M.T1.1173 I II-I-20 II-F-20 M.T1.1174 I II-I-20 II-F-21 M.T1.1175 I II-I-20 II-F-22 M.T1.1176 I II-I-20 II-F-23 M.T1.1177 I II-I-20 II-F-24 M.T1.1178 I II-I-20 II-F-25 M.T1.1179 I II-I-20 II-F-26 M.T1.1180 I II-I-20 II-F-27 M.T1.1181 I II-I-20 II-F-28 M.T1.1182 I II-I-20 II-F-29 M.T1.1183 I II-I-20 II-F-30 M.T1.1184 I II-I-20 II-F-31 M.T1.1185 I II-I-20 II-F-32 M.T1.1186 I II-I-20 II-F-33 M.T1.1187 I II-I-20 II-F-34 M.T1.1188 I II-I-20 II-I-22 M.T1.1189 I II-I-21 II-F-1 M.T1.1190 I II-I-21 II-F-2 M.T1.1191 I II-I-21 II-F-3 M.T1.1192 I II-I-21 II-F-4 M.T1.1193 I II-I-21 II-F-5 M.T1.1194 I II-I-21 II-F-6 M.T1.1195 I II-I-21 II-F-7 M.T1.1196 I II-I-21 II-F-8 M.T1.1197 I II-I-21 II-F-9 M.T1.1198 I II-I-21 II-F-10 M.T1.1199 I II-I-21 II-F-11 M.T1.1200 I II-I-21 II-F-12 M.T1.1201 I II-I-21 II-F-13 M.T1.1202 I II-I-21 II-F-14 M.T1.1203 I II-I-21 II-F-15 M.T1.1204 I II-I-21 II-F-16 M.T1.1205 I II-I-21 II-F-17 M.T1.1206 I II-I-21 II-F-18 M.T1.1207 I II-I-21 II-F-19 M.T1.1208 I II-I-21 II-F-20 M.T1.1209 I II-I-21 II-F-21 M.T1.1210 I II-I-21 II-F-22 M.T1.1211 I II-I-21 II-F-23 M.T1.1212 I II-I-21 II-F-24 M.T1.1213 I II-I-21 II-F-25 M.T1.1214 I II-I-21 II-F-26 M.T1.1215 I II-I-21 II-F-27 M.T1.1216 I II-I-21 II-F-28 M.T1.1217 I II-I-21 II-F-29 M.T1.1218 I II-I-21 II-F-30 M.T1.1219 I II-I-21 II-F-31 M.T1.1220 I II-I-21 II-F-32 M.T1.1221 I II-I-21 II-F-33 M.T1.1222 I II-I-21 II-F-34 M.T1.1223 I II-I-21 II-I-22 M.T1.1224 I II-I-1 II-I-2 M.T1.1225 I II-I-1 II-I-3 M.T1.1226 I II-I-1 II-I-4 M.T1.1227 I II-I-1 II-I-5 M.T1.1228 I II-I-1 II-I-6 M.T1.1229 I II-I-1 II-I-7 M.T1.1230 I II-I-1 II-I-8 M.T1.1231 I II-I-1 II-I-9 M.T1.1232 I II-I-1 II-I-10 M.T1.1233 I II-I-1 II-I-11 M.T1.1234 I II-I-1 II-I-12 M.T1.1235 I II-I-1 II-I-13 M.T1.1236 I II-I-1 II-I-14 M.T1.1237 I II-I-1 II-I-15 M.T1.1238 I II-I-1 II-I-16 M.T1.1239 I II-I-1 II-I-17 M.T1.1240 I II-I-1 II-I-18 M.T1.1241 I II-I-1 II-I-19 M.T1.1242 I II-I-1 II-I-20 M.T1.1243 I II-I-1 II-I-21 M.T1.1244 I II-I-12 II-I-2 M.T1.1245 I II-I-12 II-I-3 M.T1.1246 I II-I-12 II-I-4 M.T1.1247 I II-I-12 II-I-5 M.T1.1248 I II-I-12 II-I-6 M.T1.1249 I II-I-12 II-I-7 M.T1.1250 I II-I-12 II-I-8 M.T1.1251 I II-I-12 II-I-9 M.T1.1252 I II-I-12 II-I-10 M.T1.1253 I II-I-12 II-I-14 M.T1.1254 I II-I-12 II-I-15 M.T1.1255 I II-I-12 II-I-16 M.T1.1256 I II-I-12 II-I-17 M.T1.1257 I II-I-12 II-I-18 M.T1.1258 I II-I-12 II-I-19 M.T1.1259 I II-I-12 II-I-20 M.T1.1260 I II-I-12 II-I-21 M.T1.1261 I II-I-12 II-I-2 M.T1.1262 I II-I-12 II-I-3 M.T1.1263 I II-I-12 II-I-4 M.T1.1264 I II-I-12 II-I-5 M.T1.1265 I II-I-12 II-I-6 M.T1.1266 I II-I-12 II-I-7 M.T1.1267 I II-I-12 II-I-8 M.T1.1268 I II-I-12 II-I-9 M.T1.1269 I II-I-12 II-I-10 M.T1.1270 I II-I-12 II-I-14 M.T1.1271 I II-I-12 II-I-15 M.T1.1272 I II-I-12 II-I-16 M.T1.1273 I II-I-12 II-I-17 M.T1.1274 I II-I-12 II-I-18 M.T1.1275 I II-I-12 II-I-19 M.T1.1276 I II-I-12 II-I-20 M.T1.1277 I II-I-12 II-I-21 M.T1.1278 I II-I-13 II-I-2 M.T1.1279 I II-I-13 II-I-3 M.T1.1280 I II-I-13 II-I-4 M.T1.1281 I II-I-13 II-I-5 M.T1.1282 I II-I-13 II-I-6 M.T1.1283 I II-I-13 II-I-7 M.T1.1284 I II-I-13 II-I-8 M.T1.1285 I II-I-13 II-I-9 M.T1.1286 I II-I-13 II-I-10 M.T1.1287 I II-I-13 II-I-14 M.T1.1288 I II-I-13 II-I-15 M.T1.1289 I II-I-13 II-I-16 M.T1.1290 I II-I-13 II-I-17 M.T1.1291 I II-I-13 II-I-18 M.T1.1292 I II-I-13 II-I-19 M.T1.1293 I II-I-13 II-I-20 M.T1.1294 I II-I-13 II-I-21 M.T1.1295 I II-I-2 II-I-8 M.T1.1296 I II-I-2 II-I-9 M.T1.1297 I II-I-2 II-I-10 M.T1.1298 I II-I-2 II-I-14 M.T1.1299 I II-I-2 II-I-15 M.T1.1300 I II-I-2 II-I-16 M.T1.1301 I II-I-2 II-I-17 M.T1.1302 I II-I-2 II-I-19 M.T1.1303 I II-I-2 II-I-20 M.T1.1304 I II-I-2 II-I-8 M.T1.1305 I II-I-2 II-I-9 M.T1.1306 I II-I-2 II-I-10 M.T1.1307 I II-I-2 II-I-14 M.T1.1308 I II-I-2 II-I-15 M.T1.1309 I II-I-2 II-I-16 M.T1.1310 I II-I-2 II-I-17 M.T1.1311 I II-I-2 II-I-19 M.T1.1312 I II-I-2 II-I-20 M.T1.1313 I II-I-3 II-I-8 M.T1.1314 I II-I-3 II-I-9 M.T1.1315 I II-I-3 II-I-10 M.T1.1316 I II-I-3 II-I-14 M.T1.1317 I II-I-3 II-I-15 M.T1.1318 I II-I-3 II-I-16 M.T1.1319 I II-I-3 II-I-17 M.T1.1320 I II-I-3 II-I-19 M.T1.1321 I II-I-3 II-I-20 M.T1.1322 I II-I-4 II-I-8 M.T1.1323 I II-I-4 II-I-9 M.T1.1324 I II-I-4 II-I-10 M.T1.1325 I II-I-4 II-I-14 M.T1.1326 I II-I-4 II-I-15 M.T1.1327 I II-I-4 II-I-16 M.T1.1328 I II-I-4 II-I-17 M.T1.1329 I II-I-4 II-I-19 M.T1.1330 I II-I-4 II-I-20 M.T1.1331 I II-I-5 II-I-8 M.T1.1332 I II-I-5 II-I-9 M.T1.1333 I II-I-5 II-I-10 M.T1.1334 I II-I-5 II-I-14 M.T1.1335 I II-I-5 II-I-15 M.T1.1336 I II-I-5 II-I-16 M.T1.1337 I II-I-5 II-I-17 M.T1.1338 I II-I-5 II-I-19 M.T1.1339 I II-I-5 II-I-20 M.T1.1340 I II-I-5 II-I-8 M.T1.1341 I II-I-5 II-I-9 M.T1.1342 I II-I-5 II-I-10 M.T1.1343 I II-I-5 II-I-14 M.T1.1344 I II-I-5 II-I-15 M.T1.1345 I II-I-5 II-I-16 M.T1.1346 I II-I-5 II-I-17 M.T1.1347 I II-I-5 II-I-19 M.T1.1348 I II-I-5 II-I-20 M.T1.1349 I II-I-6 II-I-8 M.T1.1350 I II-I-6 II-I-9 M.T1.1351 I II-I-6 II-I-10 M.T1.1352 I II-I-6 II-I-14 M.T1.1353 I II-I-6 II-I-15 M.T1.1354 I II-I-6 II-I-16 M.T1.1355 I II-I-6 II-I-17 M.T1.1356 I II-I-6 II-I-19 M.T1.1357 I II-I-6 II-I-20 M.T1.1358 I II-I-7 II-I-8 M.T1.1359 I II-I-7 II-I-9 M.T1.1360 I II-I-7 II-I-10 M.T1.1361 I II-I-7 II-I-14 M.T1.1362 I II-I-7 II-I-15 M.T1.1363 I II-I-7 II-I-16 M.T1.1364 I II-I-7 II-I-17 M.T1.1365 I II-I-7 II-I-19 M.T1.1366 I II-I-7 II-I-20 M.T1.1367 I II-I-21 II-I-8 M.T1.1368 I II-I-21 II-I-9 M.T1.1369 I II-I-21 II-I-10 M.T1.1370 I II-I-21 II-I-14 M.T1.1371 I II-I-21 II-I-15 M.T1.1372 I II-I-21 II-I-16 M.T1.1373 I II-I-21 II-I-17 M.T1.1374 I II-I-21 II-I-19 M.T1.1375 I II-I-21 II-I-20 M.T1.1376 I II-I-18 II-I-8 M.T1.1377 I II-I-18 II-I-9 M.T1.1378 I II-I-18 II-I-10 M.T1.1379 I II-I-18 II-I-14 M.T1.1380 I II-I-18 II-I-15 M.T1.1381 I II-I-18 II-I-16 M.T1.1382 I II-I-18 II-I-17 M.T1.1383 I II-I-18 II-I-19 M.T1.1384 I II-I-18 II-I-20 M.T1.1385 I II-I-16 II-I-8 M.T1.1386 I II-I-16 II-I-9 M.T1.1387 I II-I-16 II-I-10 M.T1.1388 I II-I-16 II-I-14 M.T1.1389 I II-I-16 II-I-15 M.T1.1390 I II-I-16 II-I-17 M.T1.1391 I II-I-16 II-I-19 M.T1.1392 I II-I-16 II-I-20 M.T1.1393 I II-I-15 II-I-8 M.T1.1394 I II-I-15 II-I-9 M.T1.1395 I II-I-15 II-I-10 M.T1.1396 I II-I-15 II-I-14 M.T1.1397 I II-I-15 II-I-17 M.T1.1398 I II-I-15 II-I-19 M.T1.1399 I II-I-15 II-I-20 M.T1.1400 I II-I-8 II-I-9 M.T1.1401 I II-I-8 II-I-10 M.T1.1402 I II-I-8 II-I-14 M.T1.1403 I II-I-8 II-I-20 M.T1.1404 I II-I-19 II-I-9 M.T1.1405 I II-I-19 II-I-10 M.T1.1406 I II-I-19 II-I-14 M.T1.1407 I II-I-19 II-I-20 M.T1.1408 I II-I-17 II-I-9 M.T1.1409 I II-I-17 II-I-10 M.T1.1410 I II-I-17 II-I-14 M.T1.1411 I II-I-17 II-I-20 M.T1.1412 I II-I-10 II-I-9 M.T1.1413 I II-I-10 II-I-14 M.T1.1414 I II-I-10 II-I-20
(12) As mentioned above, the mixtures according to the present invention may comprise the compound of formula (I) combined with one, two, three or four other active ingredients.
(13) Thus, mixtures as disclosed in table T-1 above, may additionally comprise further one or two active ingredients, selected from fungicides or insecticides.
(14) According to one embodiment, the components of the composition according to the invention, such as parts of a kit or parts of a binary or ternary mixture, may be mixed by the user himself in a spray tank and further auxiliaries may be added, if appropriate.
(15) In a further embodiment, either individual components of the composition according to the invention or partially premixed components, e.g. components comprising compounds I and/or active substances from the groups M.1 to M.Y or F.I) to F.XII) listed above, may be mixed by the user in a spray tank and further auxiliaries and additives may be added, if appropriate.
(16) In a further embodiment, either individual components of the composition according to the invention or partially premixed components, e.g. components comprising compounds I and/or active substances from the groups M.1 to M.Y or F.I) to F.XII) listed above, can be applied jointly (e.g. after tank mix) or consecutively.
Biological Examples
(17) Biological Tests
(18) The applicability of compounds of formula (I) alone or in combination with other active ingredients in application methods according to the present invention may be evaluated in test examples as provided herein below or in similar assays. These test examples are not to be construed in any way as limiting.
(19) As mentioned above, mixtures of compound of formula (I) with other agriculturally active ingredients may show surprisingly synergistic effects, which can also be demonstrated in the biological test systems described below.
(20) Synergism can be described as an interaction where the combined effect of two or more compounds is greater than the sum of the individual effects of each of the compounds. The presence of a synergistic effect in terms of percent control, between two mixing partners (X and Y) can be calculated using the Colby equation (Colby, S. R., 1967, Calculating Synergistic and Antagonistic Responses in Herbicide Combinations, Weeds, 15, 20-22):
(21)
(22) When the observed combined control effect is greater than the expected combined control effect (E), then the combined effect is synergistic.
(23) The analysis of synergism or antagonism between the mixtures or compositions was determined using Colby's equation.
(24) B.1 Control of Animal Pests
(25) With regard to the control of animal pests affecting plant propagation material, especially seeds, the following test systems and results demonstrate the pesticidal activity of the carboxamide compound of formula I alone and its synergistic pesticidal activity in combination with other insecticidal active ingredients.
(26) Test B.1.1 Control of Wireworm (Melanotus communis)
(27) For evaluating control of wireworm (Melanotus communis) through direct contact method, the individual insects were dipped directly into compound solution.
(28) The compounds or mixtures were dissolved in acetone at different concentrations. The compounds or mixtures were formulated using a solution containing 50% (v/v) acetone in water with 0.02 wt % Kinetic®.
(29) For the experimental mixtures, identical volumes of both mixing partners were mixed together to achieve the desired respective concentrations. Wireworms were dipped directly into solution for three seconds and then allowed to air dry on filter paper.
(30) About 11 cm.sup.3 of water-moistened loamy sand was dispensed into each 16-cm.sup.2 cell of a 32-cell rearing tray. One treated wireworm larva was infested into each cell along with two germinating wheat seeds. Cells were then covered with adhesive bio-assay tray lids. Each cell was a replicate and replication was 10×. After infestation, the test was maintained in an incubator at 26±1° C. in the dark. Mortality (dead+moribund insects) was evaluated 3 days after treatment (DAT) and mean percent mortality was calculated relative to the untreated control. The results are listed in table B.1.1.
(31) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE B.1.1 Average Melanotus communis concentration [ppm] Control % Test B.1.1a): Carboxamide compound 3 33 of formula I Cyantraniliprole 225 22 Cyantraniliprole + Carboxamide 225 + 3 78* compound of formula I Test B.1.1.b) Carboxamide compound 3 33 of formula I Emamectin 800 11 Emamectin + Carboxamide 800 + 3 44* compound of formula I Test B.1.1.c) Carboxamide compound 3 33 of formula I Fipronil 30 22 Fipronil + Carboxamide 30 + 3 89* compound of formula I Test B.1.1.d) Carboxamide compound 3 33 of formula I Thiamethoxam 25 11 Thiamethoxam + Carboxamide 25 + 3 44* compound of formula I *synergistic control effect according to Colby's equation
(32) Test B.1.2 Control of Western Corn Rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera)
(33) For evaluating control of western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera) through maximum exposure method, the insects were exposed to treated soil.
(34) The compounds or mixtures were first dissolved in acetone, and then mixed with soil to obtain the desired different ppm concentrations (w/w) of compound/soil or mixture/soil. For experimental mixtures, identical volumes of both mixing partners were mixed together to achieve the desired respective concentrations. Treatments were applied in solution to sifted (#10 sieve) loamy sand in a plastic bag. Treatments were thoroughly incorporated by sealing and shaking each bag by hand and allowing the solution to soak through the soil mass for at least 10 minutes. Bags were then unsealed and kept open in a fume hood overnight to evaporate the solvent from the soil.
(35) One day after treatment (DAT) water for moisture and water-soaked millet seed as a food source were added to each bag and incorporated thoroughly. About 11 cm.sup.3 of the millet and soil mixture was dispensed into a 1-oz. plastic cup. Each cup was infested with 10 western corn rootworm second-instar larvae and covered. Each cup was a replicate and replication was 3×. The test was maintained in an incubator at 26±1° C. in the dark. Mortality (dead+moribund insects) was evaluated 3 days after infestation (DAI) and mean percent mortality was calculated relative to the untreated control. The results are listed in table B.1.2.
(36) TABLE-US-00005 TABLE B.1.2 concentration [ppm compound or mixture/ Average Diabrotica virgifera virgifera soil] Control % Test B.1.2.a) Carboxamide compound of 0.01 30 formula I Clothianidin 0.1 33 Clothianidin + Carboxamide 0.1 + 0.01 70* compound of formula I Test B.1.2.b) Carboxamide compound of 0.01 30 formula I Cyantraniliprole 3.1 23 Cyantraniliprole + Carboxamide 3.1 + 0.01 50* compound of formula I Test B.1.2.c) Carboxamide compound of 0.01 30 formula I Fipronil 0.03 27 Fipronil + Carboxamide compound 0.03 + 0.01 63* of formula I Test B.1.2.d) Carboxamide compound of 0.01 30 formula I Imidacloprid 0.13 17 Imidacloprid + Carboxamide 0.13 + 0.01 63* compound of formula I Test B.1.2.e) Carboxamide compound of 0.01 30 formula I Thiacloprid 0.2 37 Thiacloprid + Carboxamide 0.2 + 0.01 70* compound of formula I *synergistic control effect according to Colby's equation
(37) Test B.1.3 Control of Black Cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon)
(38) For evaluating control of black cutworm (Agrotos ipsion) through direct contact method, the individual insects were dipped directly into compound solution.
(39) The compounds or mixtures were dissolved in acetone at different concentrations. The compounds or mixtures were formulated using a solution containing 50% (v/v) acetone in water with 0.02 wt % Kinetic®. For experimental mixtures, identical volumes of both mixing partners were mixed together to achieve the desired respective concentrations. Second-instar black cutworms were dipped directly into solution for three seconds and then allowed to air dry on filter paper.
(40) One treated black cutworm larva was infested into each 16-cm.sup.2 cell of a 32-cell rearing tray along with the excised shoot of a corn plant and a moistened cotton wick. Cells were then covered with adhesive bio-assay tray lids. Each cell was a replicate and replication was 16×. After infestation, the test was maintained in an incubator at 25.5±1° C. and a 14L:10D light cycle. Mortality (dead+moribund insects) was evaluated 1 and 5 days after treatment (DAT) and mean percent mortality was calculated relative to the untreated control. The results are listed in table B.1.3.
(41) TABLE-US-00006 TABLE B.1.3 Average Average concentration Control % Control % Agrotis ipsilon [ppm] 1 DAT 5 DAT Test B.1.3.a) Carboxamide compound 3 38 44 of formula I Fipronil 300 13 31 Fipronil + v 300 + 3 81* 81* *synergistic control effect according to Colby's equation
(42) Test B.1.4 Control of Seedcorn Maggot (Delia platura)
(43) For evaluating control of seedcorn maggot (Delia platura) through maximum exposure, the insects were exposed to treated soil.
(44) The compounds or mixtures were first dissolved in acetone, and then mixed with soil to obtain the desired different ppm concentrations (w/w) of compound/soil or mixture/soil. For experimental mixtures, identical volumes of both mixing partners were mixed together to achieve the desired respective concentrations. Treatments were applied in solution to dry, sifted (#10 sieve) play sand in a glass jar. Treatments were thoroughly incorporated by capping and shaking each jar by hand and allowing the solution to soak through the sand mass for at least 10 minutes. The jars were then uncapped and the sand was kept in a fume hood for 4 hours to evaporate the solvent.
(45) After the sand was dry, 10 cm.sup.3 of the treated sand was dispensed into a 1-oz. plastic cup with bone meal in the bottom as a food source. Each cup was moistened with 4 ml water, infested with five seedcorn maggot second-instar larvae, and covered. Each cup was a replicate and replication was 5×. The test was maintained in an incubator at 22±1° C. in the dark. Mortality (dead+moribund insects) was evaluated 2 days after treatment (DAT) and mean percent mortality was calculated relative to the untreated control. The results are listed in table B.1.4.
(46) TABLE-US-00007 TABLE B.1.4 concentration [ppm compound or mixture/ Average Delia platura soil] Control % Test B.1.4.a) Carboxamide compound of 0.06 21 formula I Cyantraniliprole 10 64 Cyantraniliprole + Carboxamide 10 + 0.06 96* compound of formula I Test B.1.4.b) V 0.06 21 Imidacloprid 3 18 Imidacloprid + Carboxamide 3 + 0.06 52* compound of formula I *synergistic control effect according to Colby's equation
(47) Test B.1.5 Control of Root-Knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.)
(48) For evaluating control of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) through exposure via drench application, the nematodes were introduced to treated cucumber plants.
(49) The compounds or mixtures were dissolved in acetone at different concentrations. The compounds or mixtures were formulated using a solution containing 50% (v/v) acetone in water with 0.02 wt % Kinetic®. For experimental mixtures, identical volumes of both mixing partners were mixed together to achieve the desired respective concentrations.
(50) Germinated cucumber seeds were planted in 1-oz black plastic cups (one seed per cup) with dry, sifted (#10 sieve) play sand. Treatments were applied as a drench in 7 ml solution to each cup which were held in a fume hood for 1 hour to allow acetone to evaporate. The cups were moved to an environmental chamber (25±2° C., 24L) and watered daily for the duration of the test. Each cup was a replicate and replication was 5×. At the cucumber's cotyledon stage, each cup was infested with 500 root-knot nematode juveniles (J2s) in 1 ml distilled water.
(51) Four weeks after infestation, cucumber roots were washed off and galls and egg masses were counted. Control was calculated as the reduction in galls or egg masses relative to the untreated control. Mean percent control was calculated for each treatment. The results are listed in table B.1.5.
(52) TABLE-US-00008 TABLE B.1.5 concentration [mg Average compound or Average Gall Egg Mass Delia platura mixture/plant] Control % Control % Test B.1.5.a) Carboxamide compound 0.3 35 −21 of formula I Abamectin 0.017 40 39 Abamectin + Carboxamide 0.017 + 0.3 99* 100* compound of formula I Test B.1.5.b) Carboxamide compound 0.3 35 −21 of formula I Abamectin 0.008 24 17 Abamectin + Carboxamide 0.008 + 0.3 100* 99* compound of formula I *synergistic control effect according to Colby's equation
(53) Further examples of assays with which the control of soil infesting pests may be evaluated are described in the following.
(54) BP.1.1 Assays for Spider Mites (Tetranychus)
(55) Test BP.1.2 Soil Drench Assay in Lima Bean
(56) Test solution comprising a compound of the present invention is prepared at desired concentration using water and an organic solvent. Potted lima been plants are treated with test solution by means of soil drenching. The test compounds are applied as a soil drench in 2 ml of solution at the rate of 4 mg active ingredient/plant (2 mg/ml). Technical material is dissolved in acetone, and distilled water was added to achieve a final concentration of 5% acetone. Four days after treatment, a mixed population of two spotted spider mites (Tetranychus urticae) is released onto the leaves. After infestation, plants are kept on a light cart in the laboratory and top watered daily.
(57) Five days after the release of spider mites, the acaricidal efficacy is measured by means of the rating of the damage caused by spider mites or the spider mite mortality: the number of TSSM are counted on plants, percent damage as lesions is visually assessed and means are calculated for each treatment. Mean percent population reduction relative to the solvent blank control is calculated. Mean percent reduction in damage relative to the solvent blank is calculated as 100−(Mean % lesions in treatment/Mean % lesions in Solvent blank)*100.
(58) Test BP.1.3 Seed Treatment Assay in Cotton
(59) Test solution comprising a compound of the present invention is prepared at desired concentration using water and an organic solvent. Cotton seeds are coated with such prepared test solution at the rate 0.5 mg active ingredient/seed and sown to the pots. After plant emergence, a mixed population of two spotted spider mites is released onto the leaves.
(60) Four days after the release of spider mites, the acaricidal efficacy is measured by means of the rating of the damage caused by spider mites or the spider mite mortality: percent damage as lesions was visually assessed and means are calculated for each treatment. Mean percent reduction in damage relative to the solvent blank is calculated as 100−(Mean % lesions in treatment/Mean % lesions in Solvent blank)*100.
(61) Test BP.1.4 Seed Treatment Assay in Cucumber
(62) Test solution comprising a compound of the present invention is prepared at desired concentration using water and acetone as organic solvent. Cucumber seeds are coated with such prepared test solution applied at the rate of 0.5 mg active ingredient/seed and sown to the pots. After plant emergence (eleven days after treatment & planting), a mixed population of two spotted spider mites is released onto the leaves.
(63) Four days after the release of spider mites, the acaricidal efficacy is measured by means of the rating of the damage caused by spider mites.
(64) Percent damage as lesions is visually assessed, and means are calculated for each treatment. Mean percent damage reduction relative to the solvent blank is calculated as 100−(mean % lesions in treatment/mean % lesions in Solvent blank)*100.
(65) BP.1.5 Assays for Nematode (Meloidogyne)
(66) Test B.2.1 Tomato Soil Drench Against Root-Knot Nematode Juveniles
(67) Tomatoes are grown in potting soil until the approximate first true leaf stage (about 2 weeks after planting). Tomatoes are transplanted into play sand. Seven days after transplant, technical material of test compound is dissolved in acetone, and then water is added to achieve a final concentration of 50% acetone. 1 mL of solution is pipetted onto the tomato root zone. One day after treatment (DAT), each pot is infested with about 500 root-knot nematode (Meliodogyne spp.) juveniles in 1 ml distilled water. Immediately after infestation, plants are placed in the greenhouse. Plants are top watered and fertilized daily. At 14 DAT, the tomato roots are rinsed off, and the number of galls is counted. Replication is 5-times.
(68) B.2 Control of Phytopathological Fungi
(69) With regard to the control of phytopathological fungi affecting plant propagation material, especially seeds, the following test systems and results demonstrate the fungicidal activity of the carboxamide compound of formula I alone, and its synergistic fungicidal activity in combination with other fungicidal active ingredients.
(70) Microtests for the Evaluation of Fungicidal Activity
(71) The active compounds were formulated separately as a stock solution having a concentration of 10,000 ppm in dimethyl sulfoxide.
(72) B.2.1. Activity Against Rice Blast Pyricularia oryzae
(73) The stock solutions were mixed according to the indicated ratio, pipetted onto a micro titer plate (MTP) and diluted with water to the stated concentrations. A spore suspension of Pyricularia oryzae in an aqueous biomalt or yeast-bactopeptone-glycerine solution was then added. The plates were placed in a water vapor-saturated chamber at a temperature of 18° C. Using an absorption photometer, the MTPs were measured at 405 nm 7 days after the inoculation. The results are given in table B.2.1 hereinbelow.
(74) TABLE-US-00009 TABLE B.2.1 Pyricularia oryzae Active compound/ Calculated efficacy active compounds Concentration Mixture Observed according to Colby Synergism in mixture (ppm) (ratio) efficacy (%) (%) carboxamide compound 16 — 4 of formula I 4 — 15 1 — 12 0.063 — 2 Epoxiconazol 0.25 — 28 0.063 — 1 carboxamide compound 16 64:1 100 31 69 of formula I Epoxiconazol 0.25 carboxamide compound 4 63:1 100 15 85 of formula I Epoxiconazol 0.063 carboxamide compound 4 16:1 100 39 61 of formula I Epoxiconazol 0.25 carboxamide compound 1 16:1 100 13 87 of formula I Epoxiconazol 0.063
(75) B.2.2. Activity Against Early Blight Caused by Alternaria solani
(76) The stock solutions were mixed according to the indicated ratio, pipetted onto a micro titer plate (MTP) and diluted with water to the stated concentrations. A spore suspension of Alternaria solani in an aqueous biomalt or yeast-bactopeptone-glycerine solution was then added. The plates were placed in a water vapor-saturated chamber at a temperature of 18° C. Using an absorption photometer, the MTPs were measured at 405 nm 7 days after the inoculation. The results are given in table B.2.2 hereinbelow.
(77) TABLE-US-00010 TABLE B.2.2 Alternaria solani Active compound/ Calculated efficacy active compounds Concentration Mixture Observed according to Colby Synergism in mixture (ppm) (ratio) efficacy (%) (%) carboxamide compound 63 — 0 of formula I 16 — 0 4 — 0 1 — 0 Pyraclostrobin 0.063 — 12 0.016 — 0 Triticonazol 1 — 23 0.25 — 0 carboxamide compound 16 254:1 36 12 24 of formula I Pyraclostrobin 0.063 carboxamide compound 63 1000:1 40 12 28 of formula I Pyraclostrobin 0.063 carboxamide compound 63 4000:1 24 0 24 of formula I Pyraclostrobin 0.016 carboxamide compound 63 63:1 43 23 20 of formula I Triticonazol 1 carboxamide compound 16 64:1 32 0 32 of formula I Triticonazol 0.25 carboxamide compound 4 16:1 20 0 20 of formula I Triticonazol 0.25 carboxamide compound 4 4:1 52 23 29 of formula I Triticonazol 1 carboxamide compound 1 4:1 34 0 34 of formula I Triticonazol 0.25
(78) B.2.3. Activity Against Microdochium nivale
(79) The stock solutions were mixed according to the indicated ratio, pipetted onto a micro titer plate (MTP) and diluted with water to the stated concentrations. A spore suspension of Microdochium nivale in an aqueous biomalt or yeast-bactopeptone-glycerine solution was then added. The plates were placed in a water vapor-saturated chamber at a temperature of 18° C. Using an absorption photometer, the MTPs were measured at 405 nm 7 days after the inoculation. The results are given in table B.2.3 hereinbelow.
(80) TABLE-US-00011 TABLE B.2.3 Microdochium nivale Active compound/ Calculated efficacy active compounds Concentration Mixture Observed according to Colby Synergism in mixture (ppm) (ratio) efficacy (%) (%) carboxamide compound 63 — 4 of formula I 16 — 15 4 — 13 Pyraclostrobin 0.016 — 46 Fluxapyroxad 0.063 — 0 0.004 — 0 Epoxiconazol 0.016 — 29 0.004 — 8 carboxamide compound 4 250:1 79 53 26 of formula I Pyraclostrobin 0.016 carboxamide compound 16 1000:1 74 54 20 of formula I Pyraclostrobin 0.016 carboxamide compound 63 4000:1 93 48 45 of formula I Pyraclostrobin 0.016 carboxamide compound 63 1000:1 35 4 31 of formula I Fluxapyroxad 0.063 carboxamide compound 63 16000:1 25 4 21 of formula I Fluxapyroxad 0.004 carboxamide compound 4 250:1 63 38 25 of formula I Epoxiconazol 0.016 carboxamide compound 63 4000:1 99 31 68 of formula I Epoxiconazol 0.016 carboxamide compound 16 4000:1 99 21 78 of formula I Epoxiconazol 0.004
(81) B.2.4. Activity Against Rhizoctonia solani
(82) The stock solutions were mixed according to the indicated ratio, pipetted onto a micro titer plate (MTP) and diluted with water to the stated concentrations. A spore suspension of Rhizoctonia solani in an aqueous biomalt or yeast-bactopeptone-glycerine solution was then added. The plates were placed in a water vapor-saturated chamber at a temperature of 18° C. Using an absorption photometer, the MTPs were measured at 405 nm 7 days after the inoculation. The results are given in table B.2.4 hereinbelow.
(83) TABLE-US-00012 TABLE B.2.4 Rhizoctonia solani Active compound/ Calculated efficacy active compounds Concentration Mixture Observed according to Colby Synergism in mixture (ppm) (ratio) efficacy (%) (%) carboxamide compound 16 — 0 of formula I 4 — 0 1 — 0 Epoxiconazol 0.016 — 24 0.004 — 0 0.001 — 0 Triticonazol 0.25 — 41 carboxamide compound 4 250:1 55 24 31 of formula I Epoxiconazol 0.016 carboxamide compound 63 4000:1 96 31 65 of formula I Epoxiconazol 0.016 carboxamide compound 16 4000:1 75 0 75 of formula I Epoxiconazol 0.004 carboxamide compound 4 4000:1 20 0 20 of formula I Epoxiconazol 0.001 carboxamide compound 1 63:1 44 24 20 of formula I Epoxiconazol 0.016 carboxamide compound 16 64:1 67 41 26 of formula I Triticonazol 0.25 carboxamide compound 4 16:1 67 41 26 of formula I Triticonazol 0.25 carboxamide compound 1 4:1 69 41 28 of formula I Triticonazol 0.25
(84) The measured parameters were compared to the growth of the active compound-free control variant (100%) and the fungus-free and active compound-free blank value to determine the relative growth in % of the pathogens in the respective active compounds.
(85) These percentages were converted into efficacies.
(86) As mentioned above, the expected efficacies of active compound mixtures were determined using Colby's formula [R. S. Colby, “Calculating synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combinations”, Weeds 15, 20-22 (1967)] and compared with the observed efficacies.