Connecting rod for an internal combustion engine with variable compression

Abstract

A connecting rod for a variable compression internal combustion engine, the connecting rod including a crank bearing eye configured to connect the connecting rod to a crankshaft of the variable compression internal combustion engine; a connecting rod bearing eye configured to connect the connecting rod to a cylinder piston of the variable compression internal combustion engine; an eccentrical element adjustment arrangement configured to adjust an effective connective rod length, which eccentrical element adjustment arrangement includes an eccentrical element that is connected torque proof with an eccentrical element lever, wherein a wrist pin of the cylinder piston is receivable in the eccentrical element, wherein the eccentrical element adjustment arrangement includes two hydraulic chambers respectively including a piston that is movably arranged in a cylindrical borehole and connected with a support rod which is connected with the eccentrical element lever at another end, wherein the support rod is configured from plural components.

Claims

1. A connecting rod for a variable compression internal combustion engine, the connecting rod comprising: a crank bearing eye configured to connect the connecting rod to a crankshaft of the variable compression internal combustion engine; a connecting rod bearing eye configured to connect the connecting rod to a cylinder piston of the variable compression internal combustion engine; and an eccentrical element adjustment arrangement configured to adjust an effective connective rod length, which eccentrical element adjustment arrangement includes an eccentrical element that is connected torque proof with an eccentrical element lever, wherein the eccentrical element adjustment arrangement includes two hydraulic chambers respectively including a piston that is movably arranged in a cylindrical borehole and connected with a support rod which is connected with the eccentrical element lever at another end, wherein the support rod is configured from plural components, wherein the support rod is configured as an assembled support rod, wherein the support rod includes a rod element with a pivot link element arranged at one end and a piston connector arranged at another end, and wherein the rod element is connected with the pivot link element and the piston connector by a friction weld, wherein the piston connector is configured as a ball, wherein the rod element is configured as a tubular rod element, wherein the pivot link element is configured as a tubular sleeve whose longitudinal axis is configured perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the tubular rod element, and wherein the tubular sleeve is welded to the tubular rod element by a friction weld, wherein the link element includes an impressed bearing bushing.

2. The connecting rod according to claim 1, wherein a cross section of the rod element is configured polygonal.

3. The connecting rod according to claim 1, wherein the piston connector is secured by a safety ring against sliding out of the piston.

4. The connecting rod according to claim 1, wherein the piston includes an undercut, wherein the piston connector is secured against sliding out of the piston, and wherein the piston connector is fixated in the piston by a cover.

5. The connecting rod according to claim 4, wherein the cover is connected with the piston by welding or folding or impressing.

6. The connecting rod according to claim 1, wherein the rod element is configured integrally in one piece with the pivot link element.

7. A method for producing the connecting rod according to claim 1, the method comprising the steps: producing a support rod including a pivot link element, a rod element and a piston connector; attaching at least the pivot link element or at least the piston connector at least at one end of the rod element; and establishing a fixed connection therewith.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the support rod is connected at least with the pivot link element or at least the piston connector by a friction welding method.

9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the rod element is produced integrally in one piece together with the pivot link element or the piston connector, or wherein the piston connector or the pivot link element is connected with the rod element as a separate component.

10. The method according to claim 7, wherein a piston is slid onto the rod element before finishing the rod element and the piston connector with the slid-on piston is connected with the rod element.

11. A variable compression internal combustion engine, comprising at least one connecting rod according to claim 1.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) Further advantages can be derived from the subsequent drawing description. The drawing illustrates an embodiment of the invention. The drawings, the description and the claims include several features in combination. A person skilled in the art will advantageously view the features also individually and will combine them into additional useful combinations, wherein:

(2) FIG. 1 illustrates a front view of a first embodiment of a connecting rod according to the invention;

(3) FIG. 2 illustrates a side view of the connecting rod according to FIG. 1 with an illustrated sectional plane A-A;

(4) FIG. 3 illustrates a sectional view of the connecting rod along the sectional plane A-A according to FIG. 2;

(5) FIG. 4 illustrates an enlarged detail Z of the connecting rod according to FIG. 3;

(6) FIG. 5 illustrates the support rod of the connecting rod according to FIG. 1 in a longitudinal sectional view;

(7) FIG. 6 illustrates a support rod according to a second embodiment with a connected piston in a longitudinal sectional view;

(8) FIG. 7 illustrates a support rod according to a third embodiment with a connected piston in a longitudinal sectional view;

(9) FIG. 8 illustrates a support rod according to a fourth embodiment with a connected piston in a longitudinal sectional view;

(10) FIG. 9 illustrates a support rod according to another embodiment in an isometric view; and

(11) FIG. 10 illustrates the support rod according to FIG. 9 in a longitudinal sectional view.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(12) In the drawing figures like or similar components are designated with identical reference numerals. The drawing figures merely illustrate exemplary embodiments and do not limit the spirit and scope of the invention.

(13) FIGS. 1-4 schematically illustrate a connecting rod 1 for a variable compression internal combustion engine with an eccentrical element adjustment arrangement 2 for adjusting an effective connecting rod length which is defined as a distance of a center axis of a crank bearing eye 12 from a center axis of a borehole of the eccentrical element 4. The connecting rod 1 can assume two positions, namely for high compression .sub.high and low compression .sub.low.

(14) The connecting rod 1 includes a crank bearing eye 12 for connecting the connecting rod 1 with a crank shaft of an internal combustion engine, a connecting rod bearing 13 for connecting the connecting rod 1 with a cylinder piston of the internal combustion engine, an eccentrical element adjustment arrangement 2 for adjusting an effective connecting rod length.

(15) The eccentrical element adjustment arrangement 2 includes an eccentrical element 4 that cooperates with a single component or multi-component eccentrical element lever 3 in which a non-illustrated wrist pin of a cylinder piston is received during operations. An adjustment travel of the eccentrical element adjustment arrangement 2 is adjustable by a switch valve 5.

(16) A rotation of the adjustable eccentrical element adjustment arrangement 2 can be initiated by an impact of mass forces (at low compression .sub.low) and gas load forces (at high compression .sub.high) of the internal combustion engine which impact the eccentrical element adjustment arrangement 2 during an operating stroke of the internal combustion engine. Effective directions of forces impacting the eccentrical element adjustment arrangement 2 change continuously during an operating stroke. The rotating movement or adjustment movement is supported by one or plural pistons 6, 7 that are loaded with hydraulic fluid, in particular motor oil and integrated in the connecting rod 1 or the pistons 6, 7 prevent a resetting of the eccentrical element adjustment arrangement 2 caused by varying force effective directions of forces impacting the eccentrical element adjustment arrangement 2.

(17) The pistons 6, 7 are respectively moveably supported in a cylinder bore 8, 9 of a hydraulic cylinder of the connecting rod 1 and connected with support rods 10, 11 which are in turn pivotably linked with the eccentrical element lever.

(18) The connecting rod 1 includes the crank bearing eye 12 for connecting the connecting rod 1 with a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine and a connecting rod bearing eye 13 for connecting the connecting rod 1 with the cylinder piston of the internal combustion engine.

(19) The pistons 6, 7 are moveably arranged in hydraulic chambers 14, 15 that are formed by the cylinder boreholes 8, 9 and loaded through inlets 16, 17 from the crank bearing eye 12 with hydraulic fluid, e.g., motor oil through check valves 18, 19. The check valves prevent a flowback of the hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic chambers into the inlets 16, 17 but they facilitate a pulling of the hydraulic fluid into the hydraulic chambers 14, 15. The hydraulic chambers 14, 15 are connected with the switch valve 5 through drains that are not illustrated in more detail wherein the switch valve can be configured as a hydraulic valve or as a mechanical valve and is connected through a drain conduit with the crank bearing eye 12.

(20) As evident e.g. from FIG. 3 the connecting rod 1 includes a connecting rod body 20 and a connecting rod cover 21 connected thereto.

(21) A groove 23 is provided on a circumference of the crank bearing eye 12 in the portion of the connecting rod body 20, wherein the inlets 16, 17 and the drain conduit lead into the groove. Since the groove 23 is only arranged on a portion of a circumference of the crank bearing eye 12 a load bearing capability of the bearing in the crank bearing eye 12 is impaired as little as possible.

(22) The configuration of the described piston rod 1 is only illustrated in an exemplary manner and the eccentrical element lever connection according to the invention can also be used in other embodiments of a connecting rod with an eccentrical element adjustment arrangement. Thus, it is also possible for example to arrange the check valve 5 in a portion of the connecting rod cover 21. Furthermore, the described check valves 18, 19 can also be provided integrated in the switch valve 5. Also, the hydraulic supply of the hydraulic chambers 14, 15 can deviate from the described embodiment.

(23) FIG. 4 illustrates a blown up view of a first embodiment of the connecting rod 1 with an optimized GKS support rod 10 that is illustrated in detail in FIG. 5. The invention is described in an exemplary manner with reference to the support rod 10 on the gas force side (GKS) of the connecting rod 1. Thus, the connecting rod 1 is in the high compression position .sub.high. The embodiments are not limited to GKS support rod 10 but both support rods 10, 11 can be configured in the same way as a matter of principle.

(24) The support rod 10 is configured from several components and configured as an assembled support rod. The support rod 10 includes the components pivot link element 24, rod element 25, and piston connector 26. The rod element 25 is connected at one end with the pivot link element 24 and at the other end with the piston connector 26. At least two of the components are connected with one another by a welding method, in particular a friction welding method. The piston connector 26 is configured as a ball.

(25) The pivot link element 24 is configured as a sleeve whose longitudinal axis is configured perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rod element. In particular the pivot link element 24 can include an impressed bearing bushing.

(26) As evident from FIG. 4 the rod element 25 is configured as a tube. Alternatively, a rod element can also be used that has a polygonal cross section or another profile for a surface area moment that is optimized for bending stiffness. Alternatively, the rod element 25 can be made from a solid material.

(27) The spherical piston connector 26 is inserted into the piston. The support rod 10 is formed by a safety ring 27 which is supported by an undercut 34 that is arranged at a receiver 33 in the piston 6 so that the safety ring is secured against sliding out of the receiver 33. The safety ring 27 can also be configured partially open or slotted on its circumference. The safety ring 27 can be advantageously configured as a spring elastic ring that is supported in a radially outward direction at the piston 6.

(28) Thus, a method for producing a connecting rod 1 includes at least the steps:producing a support rod 10, 11 with a pivot link element 24, a rod element 25 and a piston connector 26,attaching at least the pivot link element 24 or at least the piston connector 26 at least at one end of the rod element 25 with the pivot link element 24 or the piston connector 26, andproducing a fixed connection therewith.

(29) The support rod 10, 11 is thus connected with the pivot link element 24, and/or connected by a welding method, in particular a friction welding method.

(30) Alternatively, the rod element 25 can also be fabricated in one piece together with the pivot link element 24 or with the piston connector 26 and/or the piston connector 26 and the pivot link element 24 are connected as separate components with the rod element 25.

(31) Three support rod assemblies without safety ring are illustrated in FIGS. 6 through 8.

(32) FIG. 6 illustrates another embodiment of the support rod 10 with an impressed ball receiver 28. The ball receiver 28 is configured in a cover 29 which is pressed into the piston 6. Thus, initially the ball 26 is welded to the rod element 25. This assembly is inserted into the piston 6 which is configured as a piston bushing. The piston 6 includes an undercut 32 which secures the piston connector 26 against sliding out. The piston connector 26 is fixated in the piston 6 by a cover 29.

(33) Before finishing the rod element 25 the piston 6 is slid onto the rod element 25 and the piston connector 26 with the slid-on piston 6 is connected with the rod element 25.

(34) In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6 the cover 29 with the ball receiver 28 is pressed into the piston 6. This way a permanent connection can be established between the piston 6 and the cover 29 wherein the permanent connection is reliable during long term operations. Eventually the pivot link element 24 is welded down.

(35) The next embodiment according to FIG. 7 shows a folded over piston 6 that differs from FIG. 6, in which folded over piston the cover 29 is attached by a fold over 30 of the piston 6 or the piston bushing.

(36) The embodiment according to FIG. 8 provides to press the cover 29 into the piston bushing and to subsequently weld the cover to the piston bushing with a circumferential weld 31.

(37) As another embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 9 and 10 the support rod 10 includes a ball as a pivot element 24 and as a piston connector 26 which are respectively connected with respective ends of a rod element 25. This variant can be implemented especially well in combination with a one-piece eccentrical element lever 3 which has been produced by an MIM method or an investment casting method. Advantageously standard elements like hardened balls can be used for the pivot link element and the piston connector 26 and rods or tubes can be used for the rod element 25.