Method for the production of a grinding tool, and grinding tool

Abstract

In a method for the production of a grinding tool, a metal layer (3) is applied to an auxiliary body (7). After separating the metal layer (3) from the auxiliary body (7), the metal layer (3) is fixed to a tool base body. A grinding layer is then applied to the metal layer (3). The method allows a simple and economical production of a grinding tool that can be used without restriction in lightweight construction.

Claims

1-17. (canceled)

18. A method for the production of a grinding tool comprising the steps of: providing an auxiliary body, applying a metal layer to the auxiliary body, separating the metal layer from the auxiliary body, fixing the metal layer to a tool base body, and applying a grinding layer to the metal layer.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the auxiliary body comprises titanium.

20. The method according to claim 18, wherein the metal layer comprises nickel.

21. The method according to claim 18, wherein the metal layer is applied with a layer thickness D, wherein: 0.005 mmD1.5 mm.

22. The method according to claim 18, wherein the metal layer is applied galvanically to the auxiliary body.

23. The method according to claim 22, wherein the auxiliary body and at least one coating metal body are arranged in an electrolyte.

24. The method according to claim 22, wherein an electrolyte and solid particles form a suspension.

25. The method according to claim 18, wherein solid particles are at least one of introduced into the metal layer and applied to the metal layer.

26. The method according to claim 18, wherein the metal layer is glued to the tool base body.

27. The method according to claim 18, wherein at least one of the auxiliary body and the metal layer are copper-free.

28. A grinding tool comprising a tool base body, a metal layer fixed to the tool base body, and a grinding layer fixed to the metal layer.

29. The grinding tool according to claim 28, wherein the metal layer comprises nickel.

30. The grinding tool according to claim 28, wherein the metal layer has a layer thickness D, wherein: 0.005 mmD1.5 mm.

31. The grinding tool according to claim 28, wherein solid particles are arranged at least one of in the metal layer and on the metal layer.

32. The grinding tool according to claim 28, wherein the metal layer is glued to the tool base body.

33. The grinding tool according to claim 28, wherein the metal layer is copper-free.

34. A grinding tool produced according to a method as claimed in claim 18.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0036] FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method for the production of a grinding tool,

[0037] FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of an apparatus for the production of foil-like metal layers,

[0038] FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of a tool base body with a metal layer bonded to it, and

[0039] FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of the grinding tool produced according to the flow chart in FIG. 1.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

[0040] The grinding tool 1 serves to machine components, in particular hybrid components, in lightweight construction. Such hybrid components comprise a fiber composite material and a light metal. The fiber composite material has, for example, carbon fibers.

[0041] To obtain the grinding tool 1, a metal layer 3 or metal layers 3 are produced in a step S.sub.1. An apparatus for producing film-like metal layers 3 is provided. The apparatus is illustrated in FIG. 2. The apparatus comprises a container 5 in which an electrolyte 6 is arranged. In the electrolyte 6, an auxiliary body 7 is arranged which serves as a deposition medium. The auxiliary body 7 is plate-shaped and comprises two deposition surfaces A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 for depositing the metal layers 3.

[0042] A first coating metal body 8 and a second coating metal body 9 are further arranged in the electrolyte 6. The first coating metal body 8 faces the first deposition surface A.sub.1, whereas the second coating metal body 9 faces the second deposition surface A.sub.2. The auxiliary body 7 is electrically connected to a negative pole of a voltage source 10, whereas the coating metal bodies 8, 9 are electrically connected to a positive pole of the voltage source 10. The voltage source 10 generates an adjustable voltage U.

[0043] The auxiliary body 7 comprises at least 90% by weight of titanium, in particular at least 95% by weight of titanium, in particular at least 99% by weight of titanium, and in particular at least 99.9% by weight of titanium. Preferably, the auxiliary body 7 comprises 100% by weight of titanium.

[0044] The coating metal bodies 8, 9 preferably consist of a metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, stainless steel and gold. The coating metal bodies 8, 9 comprise, for example, at least 90% by weight of nickel, in particular at least 95% by weight of nickel, in particular at least 99% by weight of nickel, and in particular at least 99.9% by weight of nickel. Preferably, the coating metal bodies 8, 9 comprises 100% by weight of nickel.

[0045] Preferably, at least one metal of the metal layer 3 has an electrical conductivity , wherein in particular: 1.Math.10.sup.6 S/m50.Math.10.sup.6 S/m, in particular 5.Math.10.sup.6 S/m35.Math.10.sup.6 S/m, and in particular 10.Math.10.sup.6 S/m20.Math.10.sup.6 S/m. Preferably, the at least one metal of the metal layer 3 with the highest weight fraction has the electrical conductivity . In particular, all metals of the metal layer 3 have the electrical conductivity .

[0046] Preferably, at least one metal of the metal layer 3 has a standard potential E.sup.0, wherein in particular: 0.35 VE.sup.01.8 V, in particular 0.55 VE.sup.01.6 V, in particular 0.75 VE.sup.01.4 V, and in particular 0.95 VE.sup.01.2 V. Preferably, the at least one metal of the metal layer 3 with the highest weight fraction has the standard potential E.sup.0. In particular, all metals of the metal layer 3 have the standard potential E.sup.0.

[0047] The standard potential E.sup.0 is also called normal potential. In particular, the normal potential corresponds to the potential of a standard metal electrode against the standard hydrogen electrode at 25 C. and 101.3 kPa. The normal potential is defined, for example, in the Rmpp Chemielexikon.

[0048] Preferably, at least one metal of the metal layer 3 is nobler than copper. At least one metal of the metal layer 3 has a standard potential E.sup.0, which is in particular higher than the standard potential E.sup.0 of copper. Preferably, all metals of the metal layer 3 have a standard potential E, which is higher than the standard potential E.sup.0 of copper.

[0049] If the at least one metal has several standard potentials E.sup.0 in each case, the embodiments and ranges apply in particular to the highest standard potential E.sup.0.

[0050] The at least one metal is selected in particular from the group consisting of nickel, stainless steel and gold.

[0051] Solid particles 11 are arranged in the electrolyte 6. The electrolyte 6 and the solid particles 11 form a suspension. For this purpose, the apparatus has means, not shown in more detail, for generating a motion or flow in the electrolyte 6. The solid particles 11 have a grain size or a grain diameter d. The following applies in particular to the grain diameter d: 0.015 mmdmm, in particular 0.03 mmd0.12 mm, and in particular 0.05 mmd0.1 mm. The solid particles are in particular selected from the group consisting of ceramic particles, glass particles and/or quartz particles or quartz grains.

[0052] In a step S.sub.2 the metal layers 3 are galvanically deposited on the auxiliary body 7. The voltage U is switched on for this purpose. The auxiliary body 7 forms a cathode, whereas the coating metal bodies 8, 9 form anodes. Nickel atoms detach from the coating metal bodies 8, 9 and move in the electrolyte 6 to the deposition surfaces A.sub.1 and A.sub.2. The nickel atoms are deposited on the deposition surfaces A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 so that the metal layers 3 are galvanically deposited or applied to the auxiliary body 7. The metal layers 3 deposited on the deposition surfaces A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 are illustrated in FIG. 2.

[0053] Due to the fact that the electrolyte 6 and the solid particles 11 form a suspension, solid particles 11 are introduced into the metal layers 3 and/or applied to the metal layers 3 during the galvanic deposition of the metal layers 3. The solid particles 11 increase a surface roughness of the metal layers 3.

[0054] If the metal layers 3 have a desired layer thickness D, the deposition procedure is terminated by switching off the voltage U. The following preferably applies to the layer thickness D: 0.005 mmD1.5 mm, in particular mmD1.2 mm, and in particular 0.1 mmD1 mm. The auxiliary body 7, the coating metal bodies 8, 9 and the metal layers 3 are 100% copper-free.

[0055] In a step S.sub.3 the metal layers 3 are separated from the auxiliary body 7. This is done, for example, by pulling the metal layers 3 off the auxiliary body 7. The film-like metal layers 3 are elastic or flexible and ductile. After the metal layers 3 have been separated, the auxiliary body 7 can be galvanically coated again with metal layers 3. This is done in the manner described above. If necessary, the auxiliary body 7 must be cleaned. If necessary, the coating metal bodies 8, 9 must be renewed and/or solid particles 11 must be supplemented in the electrolyte 6.

[0056] In a step S.sub.4 one of the separated metal layers 3 is attached to a tool base body 2. For this purpose, an adhesive layer 12 is applied to the tool base body 2. The metal layer 3 is then arranged on the adhesive layer 12. Due to the fact that the metal layer 3 is elastic or flexible and ductile, the metal layer 3 adapts to the shape of the tool base body 2. The metal layer 3 is pressed with a pressure p against the tool base body 2. The adhesive layer 12 cures under the application of the pressure p at a desired temperature T. After the adhesive layer 12 has cured, the metal layer 3 is firmly bonded to the tool base body 2. This is illustrated in FIG. 3. If the metal layer 3 protrudes beyond the tool base body 2, the protruding parts of the metal layer 3 are removed.

[0057] As the solid particles 11 increase the surface roughness of the metal layer 3, the cross-linking of the adhesive or adhesive layer 12 is increased, which increases the strength of the bond between the tool base body 2 and the metal layer 3.

[0058] The tool base body 2 has a connection means 13 for clamping and rotationally driving the grinding tool 1 by means of a tool drive which is not shown in more detail. The connection means 13 is designed, for example, as a hub or opening. The tool drive can preferably be guided manually. The tool base body 2 is designed, for example, in the shape of a plate. The tool base body 2 comprises at least one material from the group consisting of vulcanized fiber, polyester, glass fibers, carbon fibers, cotton and plastic. The tool base body 2 is in particular of single-layer or multi-layer construction. The tool base body 2 is in particular flexible and/or rigid at least in some regions.

[0059] In a step S.sub.5, a grinding layer 4 is applied to the metal layer 3. The grinding layer 4 comprises a binder 14 and abrasive grains 15, 16. The binder 14 with the abrasive grains 15 embedded therein is applied to the metal layer 3. Additional abrasive grains 16 are applied to the side of the binder 14 facing away from the metal layer 3. By curing the binder 14, the grinding layer 4 is bonded to the metal layer 3 and the tool base body 2. Increased surface roughness of the metal layer 3 due to the embedded solid particles 11 improves the bond between the metal layer 3 and the grinding layer 4.

[0060] Due to the 100% copper-free nature of the machining tool 1, it is suitable for machining components, in particular hybrid components, in the aerospace industry. The absence of copper prevents metal contamination or nickel contamination due to machining of the component with the grinding tool 1 according to the invention from promoting corrosion.