Abstract
An apparatus to allow or stop an air flow into an enclosed environment or piping system comprises (a) a housing, (b) a first valve seat, (c) a first sealing member, (d) a second valve seat, (e) a second sealing member, (f) at least one locking mechanism configured to limit a movement of the first sealing member and/or the second sealing member; wherein the first sealing member moves away from the first valve seat when the second pressure is greater than the first pressure in a predetermined pressure difference; wherein the second sealing member moves away from the first valve seat when the third pressure is greater than the second pressure in a predetermined pressure difference; wherein the first pressure communicates with a system pressure in the piping system; and wherein the third pressure communicates with an ambient air pressure.
Claims
1. An air admittance valve apparatus to allow or stop air into system said air admittance valve apparatus comprising: (a) a housing having an upper flow passage, a middle flow passage, a lower flow passage, said lower flow passage for communicating with the ambient environment, said upper flow passage for connection to and communication with said system, said middle flow passage between said lower flow passage and said upper flow passage; (b) a first valve seat disposed within said upper flow passage, an at least one opening formed on said first valve seat, said at least one opening being in communication with said middle flow passage; (c) a first sealing member disposed in said upper flow passage, said first sealing member is configured for movement in said upper flow passage with respect to said first valve seat, said first sealing member is configured for sealing said first valve seat; (d) a second valve seat disposed within said middle flow passage, an at least one opening formed on said second valve seat, said at least one opening being in communication with said lower flow passage; (e) a second sealing member disposed in said middle flow passage, said second sealing member is configured for movement in said middle flow passage with respect to said second valve seat, said second sealing member is configured for sealing said second valve seat;
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said upper flow passage is above said middle flow passage, said middle flow passage is above said lower flow passage.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein an opening is formed on said housing, said opening being in communication with said middle flow passage.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, further comprising a pressure indicator disposed within said opening formed on said housing.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein said pressure indicator is responsive to said middle flow passage pressure and said ambient environment pressure differences.
6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein said pressure indicator is a pliable diaphragm.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a first pressure exists in said upper flow passage, a second pressure exists in said middle flow passage, a third pressure exists in said lower flow passage.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein said first sealing member moves away from said first valve seat when said second pressure is greater than said first pressure in a pressure difference.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein said second sealing member moves away from said second valve seat when said third pressure is greater than said second pressure in a pressure difference.
10. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein said first sealing member moves away from said first valve seat when said second pressure is greater than said first pressure in a predetermined pressure difference; wherein said second sealing member moves away from said second valve seat when said third pressure is greater than said second pressure in a predetermined pressure difference; wherein said first pressure communicates with a system pressure in said system; and wherein said third pressure communicates with an ambient air pressure.
11. An air admittance valve apparatus to allow or stop air into an enclosed environment or piping system said air admittance valve apparatus comprising: (a) a housing having an upper flow passage, a middle flow passage, a lower flow passage, said lower flow passage for communicating with the ambient environment, said upper flow passage for connection to and communication with said system, said middle flow passage between said lower flow passage and said upper flow passage; (b) a first valve seat disposed within said upper flow passage, an at least one opening formed on said first valve seat, said at least one opening having an inner diameter being in communication with said middle flow passage; (c) a first sealing member disposed in said upper flow passage, said first sealing member is configured for movement in said upper flow passage with respect to said first valve seat, said first sealing member is configured for sealing said first valve seat; (d) a second valve seat disposed within said middle flow passage, an at least one opening formed on said second valve seat, said at least one opening being in communication with said lower flow passage; (e) a second sealing member disposed in said middle flow passage, said second sealing member is configured for movement in said middle flow passage with respect to said second valve seat, said second sealing member is configured for sealing said second valve seat; (f) a at least one locking mechanism
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein said first sealing member is configured and dimensioned to rest on said first valve seat substantially blocking said at least one opening of said first valve seat.
13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein said second sealing member is configured and dimensioned to rest on said second valve seat substantially blocking said at least one opening of said second valve seat.
14. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein said first sealing member can move in said upper flow passage above said first valve seat.
15. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein said second sealing member can move in said middle flow passage above said second valve seat.
16. An apparatus to allow or stop an air flow into an enclosed environment or piping system comprising: (g) a housing having an upper flow passage, a middle flow passage, a lower flow passage, said lower flow passage for communicating with the ambient environment, said upper flow passage for connection to and communication with said system, said middle flow passage between said lower flow passage and said upper flow passage; (h) a first valve seat disposed between said upper flow passage and said middle flow passage, an at least one opening formed on said first valve seat, said at least one opening having a tapered part; (i) a first sealing member disposed in said upper flow passage, said first sealing member is configured for movement in said upper flow passage with respect to said first valve seat, said first sealing member is configured for sealing said first valve seat; (j) a second valve seat disposed between said middle flow passage and said lower flow passage, an at least one opening formed on said second valve seat, said at least one opening said at least one opening having a tapered part; (k) a second sealing member disposed in said middle flow passage, said second sealing member is configured for movement in said middle flow passage with respect to said second valve seat, said second sealing member is configured for sealing said second valve seat; (l) a at least one locking mechanism
17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein said first sealing member is configured and dimensioned to rest on said first valve seat substantially blocking said at least one opening of said first valve seat.
18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein said second sealing member is configured and dimensioned to rest on said second valve seat substantially blocking said at least one opening of said second valve seat.
19. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein said first sealing member can move in said upper flow passage above said first valve seat.
20. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein said second sealing member can move in said middle flow passage above said second valve seat.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] It should be understood that the drawings are merely representative, are not necessarily drawn to scale, and are not intended to limit the subject matter of this application.
[0013] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one of the embodiments of the invention.
[0014] FIG. 2 is an explosive view of one of the embodiments of the invention.
[0015] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of one of the embodiments of the invention.
[0016] FIG. 4 is a partially sectional view of one of the embodiments of the invention.
[0017] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of one of the embodiments with pressure indicator and locking mechanism.
[0018] FIG. 5A is a partially sectional view of one of the embodiments with pressure indicator and locking mechanism.
[0019] FIG. 5B is a partially sectional view of one of the embodiments with pressure indicator and locking mechanism.
[0020] FIG. 5C is a partially sectional view of one of the embodiments with pressure indicator and locking mechanism.
[0021] FIG. 5D is a partially sectional view of one of the embodiments with pressure indicator and locking mechanism.
[0022] FIG. 6 is a perspective view of one of the embodiments with pressure indicator and locking mechanism.
[0023] FIG. 6A is a partially sectional view of one of the embodiments with pressure indicator and locking mechanism.
[0024] FIG. 6B is a partially sectional view of one of the embodiments with pressure indicator and locking mechanism.
[0025] FIG. 7 is a perspective view of one of the embodiments with pressure indicator and unlocked locking mechanism in the carrier.
[0026] FIG. 7A is a partially sectional view of one of the embodiments with pressure indicator and unlocked locking mechanism in the carrier.
[0027] FIG. 8 is a perspective view of one of the embodiments with pressure indicator and locked locking mechanism in the carrier.
[0028] FIG. 8A is a partially sectional view of one of the embodiments with pressure indicator and locked locking mechanism in the carrier.
[0029] FIG. 9 is a perspective view of one of the embodiments of the invention having protruding members outside and/or outside.
[0030] FIG. 10 is a schematic view of one of the embodiments of the invention inside an enclosed environment.
[0031] FIG. 11 is a schematic view of one of the embodiments of the invention outside an enclosed environment.
[0032] FIG. 12 is a schematic view of one of the embodiments of the invention installed in a piping system.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] Before the present invention is described in greater detail, it is to be understood that this invention is not limited to particular embodiments described, and as such may, of course, vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting, since the scope of the present invention will be limited only by the appended claims.
[0034] Where a range of values is provided, it is understood that each intervening value, to the tenth of the unit of the lower limit unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, between the upper and lower limits of that range is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in that stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range, and each range where either, neither or both limits are included in the smaller ranges is also encompassed within the invention, subject to any specifically excluded limit in the stated range. Where the stated range includes one or both of the limits, ranges excluding either or both of those included limits are also included in the invention.
[0035] Other than in the embodiment or example, or where indicated otherwise, all numbers indicating ingredient quantities and/or reaction conditions are to be understood as being modified in every instance by the word about, which means the ingredient quantities or reaction conditions are within 10 percent to 15 percent of the indicated value.
[0036] Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention, some potential and exemplary methods and materials may now be described. Any and all publications mentioned herein are incorporated herein by reference to disclose and describe the methods and/or materials in connection with which the publications are cited. It is understood that the present disclosure supersedes any disclosure of an incorporated publication to the extent there is a contradiction.
[0037] It must be noted that as used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms a, an, and the may also include the plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
[0038] It is further noted that the claims may be drafted to exclude any element that may be optional. As such, this statement is intended to serve as antecedent basis for use of such exclusive terminology as solely, only and the like in connection with the recitation of claim elements, or the use of a negative limitation.
[0039] As will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reading this disclosure, each of the individual embodiments described and illustrated herein has discrete components and features which may be readily separated from or combined with the features of any of the other several embodiments without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention.
[0040] Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and FIG. 5 in one embodiment of the invention, the apparatus 10 to allow or stop an air flow 180, comprises (a) a housing 20 having an upper flow passage 40, a middle flow passage 45, a lower flow passage 60, wherein the upper flow passage 40 is above the middle flow passage 45, wherein the middle flow passage 45 is above the lower flow passage 60, wherein a first pressure P1 exists in the upper flow passage 40, wherein a second pressure P3 exists in the middle flow passage 45, and wherein a third pressure P2 exists in the lower flow passage 60; (b) a first valve seat 100, wherein the first valve seat 100 is between the upper flow passage 40 and the middle flow passage 45, and wherein a at least one opening 106 is formed on the first valve seat 100; (c) a first sealing member 600, wherein the first sealing member 600 is dimensioned and configured to be inside the upper flow passage 40, wherein the first sealing member 600 is configured and dimensioned to substantially cover the at least one opening 106 of the first valve seat 100, wherein the first sealing member 600 has a predetermined weight, and wherein the first sealing member 600 can move upwardly and downwardly above the first valve seat 100; (d) a second valve seat 110, wherein the second valve seat 110 is between the middle flow passage 45 and the lower flow passage 60, and wherein a at least one opening 112 is formed on the second valve seat 110; (e) a second sealing member 620, and (f) at least one locking mechanism 800 configured to limit a movement of the first sealing member 600 and/or the second sealing member 620; wherein the second sealing member 620 is dimensioned and configured to be inside the middle flow passage 45, wherein the second sealing member 620 is configured and dimensioned to substantially cover the at least one opening 112 of the second valve seat 110, wherein the first sealing member 600 moves away from the first valve seat 100 when the second pressure P2 is greater than the first pressure P1 in a predetermined pressure difference that can be in a range between about 0.05 Pa and 500 Pa, depending on the application to different enclosed environments, such as building drainage system, forced pumping system, sump pump systems; wherein the second sealing member 620 moves away from the second valve seat 110 when the third pressure P3 is greater than the second pressure P2 in a predetermined pressure difference that can be in a range between about 0.05 Pa and 500 Pa, depending on the application to different enclosed environments, such as building drainage system, forced pumping system, sump pump systems; wherein the first pressure P1 communicates with a system pressure in the piping system or enclosed system; and wherein the third pressure P3 communicates with an ambient air pressure.
[0041] Also referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, in one preferred embodiment, the first sealing member 600 and second sealing member 620 are made of material having a Shore Hardness between about 20A and about 50A, such as but not limited to rubber, PTFE (Fluoropolymer), EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer), silicon, and combination thereof. In another preferred embodiment, the first valve seat 100 and the second valve seat 110 are made of hard materials over about Shore Hardness 90A, such as but not limited to PVC (Polyvinyl chloride), metal, or HDPE (High Density Polyethylene).
[0042] Referring to FIGS. 5, 5A, 5B, 5C, and 5D, one of the embodiments, it may further comprise at least one carrier 700 connected with the first sealing member 600 and/or the second sealing member 620; at least one carrier alignment guide 710; wherein the at least one carrier 700 is disposed through the at least one carrier alignment guide 710; and wherein the at least one carrier alignment guide 710 guides the first sealing member 600 and/or the second sealing member 620 upwardly and downwardly so the sealing members can stay in the positions to cover the openings on the valve seats when it in a closed position. To provide air flow 180 to pass, a plurality of openings is formed through the at least one carrier alignment guide 710.
[0043] Also referring to FIGS. 5, 5A, 5B, 5C, and 5D, wherein the locking mechanism 800 further comprises a first end 810, a second end 830 opposed to the first end 810, a body 820 between the first end 810 and the second end 830, at least a locking mechanism opening 840 formed on the body 820, at least a lock member 850 having a first side 852 and second side 854 movably disposed in the locking mechanism opening 840, at least a pliable diaphragm 860 sealed inside the body 820, wherein the first side 852 of the lock member 850 is attached to the pliable diaphragm 860, wherein the second side 854 of the lock member 850 points away from the pliable diaphragm 860, wherein the pliable diaphragm 860 is deflectable in accordance with a pressure difference between the first pressure P1 and the second pressure P2 or between the second pressure P2 and the third pressure P3 or between the first pressure P1 and the third pressure P3, and wherein the locking mechanism 800 locks the second sealing member 620 when the locking mechanism 800 in a locked status.
[0044] Referring to FIGS. 5A and 5B, in one embodiment, wherein the first end 810 of the locking mechanism 800 is communicated with the first pressure P1; wherein the second end 830 of the locking mechanism 800 is communicated with the second pressure P2; and wherein the second side 854 of the lock member is above the second sealing member 620. As a note, the first end 810 and the second end 830 of the locking mechanism can be arranged in different combination to the communication with first pressure P1, second pressure P2, and third pressure P3, depending on the need to use the pressure difference to control the locking mechanism 800 in the following ways: (1) when the pressure in the second end 830 is greater than or equal to the pressure in the first end 810 in a pre-determined pressure difference in a range of 0.5 Pa to 500 Pa, the locking mechanism is in a unlock status that allows the sealing members 600 and/or 620 to move away from the valve seats 100 and/or 110; (2) when the pressure in the second end 830 is less than the pressure in the first end 810 in a pre-determined pressure difference in a range of 0.5 Pa to 500 Pa, the locking mechanism is in a lock status that prevents the sealing members 600 and/or 620 from moving away from the valve seats 100 and/or 110. Therefore, when the first end 810 communicates with first pressure P1, the second end 830 can be arranged to communicate with second pressure P2 or third pressure p3. The locking mechanism opening 840 can be either same as the second end 830 of the locking mechanism, or can be in a different location.
[0045] Referring to FIGS. 5C and 5D, one of the embodiment also further comprises an extension 900 extended below the second sealing member 620, and a groove 910 formed on the extension 900. Also referring to FIGS. 5C and 5D, the lock member 850 is located under the second valve seat 110, wherein the first end 810 of the locking mechanism 800 is communicated with the first pressure P1; wherein the second end 830 of the locking mechanism 800 is communicated with the third pressure P3, and wherein the second side 854 of the lock member is disposed in the groove 910 when the locking mechanism 800 is in a locked status; and wherein the second side 854 of the lock member 850 is away from the groove 910 when the locking mechanism 800 is in an unlocked status.
[0046] Referring to FIGS. 6, 6A and 6B, one of the embodiment also further comprises an extension 900 extended below the second sealing member 620, and a groove 910 formed on the extension 900. Also referring to FIGS. 6A and 6B, the lock member 850 is located under the second valve seat 110, wherein the first end 810 of the locking mechanism 800 is communicated with the second pressure P2; wherein the second end 830 of the locking mechanism 800 is communicated with the third pressure P3, and wherein the second side 854 of the lock member 850 is disposed in the groove 910 when the locking mechanism 800 is in a locked status; and wherein the second side 854 of the lock member 850 is away from the groove 910 when the locking mechanism 800 is in an unlocked status. When the second side 854 of the lock member 850 is disposed in the groove 910, the movement of the carrier 700 and the second sealing member 620 will be limited to move to prevent air flow 180 to pass through. This lock status will happen when the pressure difference between pressure P2 and pressure P3 is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, such as in a range of 0.5 Pa to 500 Pa. This will occur when there is foul air in the enclosed system that produce a positive pressure as pressure P3 and pressure P2. The locked locking mechanism will prevent the foul air to escape to the ambient environment.
[0047] Now referring to FIGS. 7, 7A, and 7B, wherein the first end 810 of the locking mechanism 800 is communicated with the second pressure P2; wherein the second end 830 of the locking mechanism 800 is communicated with the third pressure p3, wherein the first side 852 of the lock member 850 is attached to the pliable diaphragm 860, wherein the second side 854 of the lock member 850 points away from the pliable diaphragm 860, wherein the locking mechanism 800 is disposed inside the extension, and wherein the second side 854 of the lock member 850 moves under the second valve seat 110 to limit the movement of the carrier 700 and the second sealing member 620 when the difference between the third pressure p3 and the second pressure P2 exceeds a predetermined value.
[0048] Also referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4, FIG. 6, FIG. 7, and FIG. 8, in one embodiment, the lower flow passage filter 120 in the lower flow passage 60 and the upper flow passage filter 140 in the upper flow passage 40 prevents particles and pollutants in the air flow 180 from entering the housing 20 and prevents foreign objects, such as particles and bugs, from passing through the apparatus 10. The sieve size of the lower flow passage filter 120 and upper flow passage filter 140 can be varied with the need to filter the target particle sizes, such as the size of bugs, dust particle, or fume particle. The apparatus 10 can be connected with other pipes or conduits by any types of pipe connection, such as but not limited to fastener, treaded pipe, solvent welding, soldering, brazing, welding compression fittings, or crimped. The material of the housing 20 can be such as but not limited to plastic, copper, brass, cast iron, steel, and other commonly used in the field of art of piping.
[0049] Referring to FIG. 9, the first sealing member 600 and the second sealing member 620 can have a plurality of protruding members 610 and a plurality of protruding members 630 extending radially out from the outer circumferences of first sealing member 600 and the second sealing member 620, respectively. Also referring to FIG. 9, the first sealing member 600 and the second sealing member 620 can have a plurality of protruding members 610 and a plurality of protruding members 630 extending radially out from the inner circumferences of first sealing member 600 and the second sealing member 620, respectively.
[0050] Referring to, FIGS. 1-8, and FIG. 10, in one embodiment of the apparatus 10, the apparatus 10 is inside an enclosed environment 200, wherein the enclosed environment 200 has an ambient pressure same as the first pressure P1 in the enclosed environment 200, wherein the enclosed environment 200 further comprises at least one conduit 210, wherein each of at least one conduit 210 has a first end 212 and a second end 214, wherein each of the at least one conduit 210 has the first end 212 connected to the lower flow passage 60 of the apparatus 10 and the second end 214 extends out of the enclosed environment 200, wherein the upper flow passage 40 is opened and adapted to the ambient pressure P1 of the enclosed environment 200, wherein the enclosed environment 200 has at least one pumping device 220, which conveys water and/or air 222 in the enclosed environment 200 to outside the enclosed environment 200, and wherein the at least one pumping device 220 causes a pressure difference to the apparatus 10 when the at least one pumping device 220 conveys water and/or air 222 through at least one pipe 224 out of the enclosed environment 200. The pumping of pumping device 220 will cause a vacuum, negative pressure situation, which causes the first pressure P1 in the apparatus 10 to drop, and the middle flow passage flow pressure P3 becomes greater than the first pressure P1 and the weight of the first sealing member 600. As a result, the first sealing member 600 will be lifted away from the first valve seat 100 and the first sealing member 600. If the third pressure P2 in the lower flow passage 60 becomes greater than second pressure P3, the weight of the second sealing member 620, a lifting force to lift the second sealing member 620 off the second valve seat 110 to allow air flow 180 from lower flow passage 60 to upper flow passage 40 and the enclosed environment 200 to release the negative pressure condition. In one preferred embodiment, the apparatus 10 is designed to provide air flow 180 of 12 cubic inch/Second per each millimeter of pipe 224 of the enclosed environment in which at least one pumping device 220 is located. In the enclosed environment where a pump is in operation, a second pressure P3 in the middle flow passage 45 is about 8.7 pounds per square inch (60 Kilopascal) greater than the first pressure P1 and the weight of the first sealing member 600 above the first valve seat 100, wherein the air flow 180 will flow through the housing 20 and the upper flow passage 40 when the first sealing member 600. A third pressure P2 in the lower flow passage 60 is about 8.7 pounds per square inch (60 Kilopascal) greater than the second pressure P3, the weight of the second sealing member 620 above the second valve seat 110, wherein the air flow 180 will flow through the housing 20 and the middle flow passage 45 when the first sealing member 600 is lifted. The weight of the second sealing member 620, the first sealing member 600 and the second sealing member 620 can be depended on the pressure difference that the apparatus 10 is designed to control under that situation to stop or allow the air or water passage.
[0051] Referring to FIG. 11, in one embodiment of the apparatus 10, the apparatus 10 is outside an enclosed environment 200, wherein the enclosed environment 200 has an ambient pressure in the enclosed environment 200 same as the first pressure P1, wherein the enclosed environment 200 further comprises at least one conduit 210, wherein each at least one conduit 210 has a first end 212 and a second end 214, wherein each of the at least one conduit 210 has the first end 212 connected to the upper flow passage 40 of the apparatus 10 and the second end 214 extends into the enclosed environment 200, wherein the upper flow passage 40 is opened and adapted to the ambient pressure P1 of the enclosed environment 200, wherein the enclosed environment 200 has at least one pumping device 220, which conveys water and/or air 222 in the enclosed environment 200 to outside the enclosed environment 200. The pumping of pumping device 220 will cause a vacuum, negative pressure situation, which causes the first pressure P1 in the apparatus 10 to drop, and the middle flow passage flow pressure P3 becomes greater than the first pressure P1, the weight of the first sealing member 600.
[0052] Referring to FIGS. 5, 6, 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, 6A, 6B, in one embodiment, the invention also comprises a pressure indicator 500, wherein the pressure indicator 500 is responsive to the second pressure P2, and wherein the pressure indicator 500 is visible on an external surface of the housing 20. The pressure indicator 500 comprises a pliable diaphragm 520 sealed on an opening 530 formed on the housing 20. A indicator pin 510 is attached to the pliable diaphragm 520 and is movable in the opening 530. One side communicates with pressure P2 and another side of the pliable diaphragm 520 communicate with ambient pressure. Therefore, when the pressure P2 is negative relatively to ambient pressure, the indicator pin 510 will be pull toward inside the housing so that it will not visible. When the pressure P2 is greater than the ambient pressure, the pliable diaphragm 520 will be push toward the ambient pressure side, so that indicator pin 510 will be pushed out and become visible.
