Method for inactivation/removal of coagulation factors by precipitation

Abstract

A method for inactivation or removal of coagulation factors FII, FVII, FVIIa, FIX, FIXa, FX, FXI and FXIa in or from protein containing solutions obtained from blood, blood plasma, plasma fractions or by recombinant means wherein the protein containing solution is contacted with an organic acid or its salt while being stirred.

Claims

1. A method for purifying an IgG protein containing solution obtained from blood, blood plasma, a plasma function, or by recombinant methods, the method comprising the steps of contacting the IgG protein containing solution, while stirring, with a C.sub.4 to C.sub.10 saturated or unsaturated organic acid or its salt to inactivate and precipitate from the solution coagulation factors selected from the group consisting of FII, FVII, FVIIa, FIX, FIXa, FX, FXI, and FXIa, separating the precipitate from the solution to obtain a first IgG protein containing supernatant, contacting the first IgG protein containing supernatant with a different C.sub.4 to C.sub.10 saturated or unsaturated organic acid or its salt to inactivate and precipitate from the solution the coagulation factors to obtain a second IgG protein containing supernatant, and separating the precipitate from the second IgG protein containing supernatant to obtain a purified IgG protein containing solution.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the organic acid is caprylic acid (Cs).

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the contacting of the IgG protein containing solution with the organic acid or its salt is at a temperature of about 1 to about 40 C.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the contacting of the IgG protein containing solution with the organic acid or its salt is at a temperature of about 2 to about 8 C. and the contacting of the first IgG protein containing supernatant with the different organic acid or its salt is at a temperature of about 20 to about 30 C.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the contacting of the IgG protein containing solution takes place within a pH range of from 4.0 to 6.0.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the contacting of the IgG protein containing solution takes place within a pH range of from 4.2 to 5.6.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the organic acid or its salt is added to the IgG protein containing solution to a concentration of from 5 to 50 mmol/l.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the organic acid or its salt is added to the IgG protein containing solution to a concentration of from 10 to 22 mmol/l.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein the organic acid or its salt contacting the IgG protein containing solution is stirred for 45 to 180 minutes.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein the organic acid or its salt contacting the IgG protein containing solution is stirred for 55 to 120 minutes.

11. The method of claim 1 wherein the organic acid or its salt contacting the IgG protein containing solution is stirred in the presence of naturally occurring or synthesized silicates.

12. The method of claim 1 wherein separating the precipitate to obtain the first IgG containing supernatant is by filtration, settlement, or centrifugation.

13. The method of claim 1 wherein the method further comprises anion exchange chromatography, solvent/detergent treatment, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, diafiltration, formulation, sterile filtration, filling into final containers and optionally lyophilization.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(1) The present invention provides a method for inactivation and/or removal of coagulation factors from sources containing such proteins. Examples for such sources represent protein solutions containing predominantly immunoglobulins, in particular immunoglobulin G (IgG) or albumin. Chromatographic manipulations for removal of coagulation factors FII, FVII, FVIIa, FIX, FIXa, FX, FXI and FXIa can be avoided by the present invention. Of course, chromatographic purification steps may be employed additionally for other reasons.

(2) Surprisingly it was found that contacting a solution containing a complex mixture of coagulation factors, in particular Fraction I+II+III from plasma fractionation or comparable fractions, with an organic acid or its salt, in particular the sodium salt, at a temperature from about 1 C. to about 40 C., in particular from 2 C. to 30 C., and a broad pH range from about 4.0 to about 6.0, in particular from 4.2 to 5.6 inactivated or removed said coagulation factors to be beyond the detection limit. It was additionally observed that factor XI-antigen (FXI:Ag) values were reduced to below 5 mIU/mg IgG, when the solution was contacted with caprylic acid or its salt at a concentration of at least 20 mmol/I. The pH value may shift within said range or may be kept essentially constant within this range with a deviation of +/ 0.3 from a fixed value during the treatment with the organic acid or its salt. Applied concentrations of the organic acid or its salt, in particular sodium caprylate are within the range of from 5 to 50 mmol/I, in particular from 10 to 22 mmol/I. Proteins and the organic acid or its salt are allowed to be contacted under constant stirring from 45 to 180 minutes, in particular from 55 to 120 minutes. A filtration aid such as silicates, e.g. naturally occurring or synthesized silicates selected from diatomaceous earth, fumed silica, perlites or zeolithes, may optionally be present during the stirring; and is removed together with developing precipitate after the contacting. Separation of precipitate and supernatant may be performed by methods generally known and can be performed by filtration, centrifugation or settlement and requires in general another 60 to 120 minutes. Separation by settlement may take longer. One cycle of precipitation and separation may accordingly last up to 5 hours from starting the precipitation until the end of separation. In particular, if the first inactivation or removal may be insufficient to completely inactivate or remove some of the coagulation factors as residual amounts of these factors above the detection limit may occur, it may be advisable to perform a second inactivation or removal step. Methods for separation of precipitate and supernatant are well known and incorporate sedimentation, filtration or centrifugation or a combination thereof. A second inactivation by the organic acid or its salt may thus be incorporated as an option. This inactivation or removal step may be introduced in any known process for purification of blood derived proteins wherever it appears appropriate. Resulting protein solutions are further handled as known from prior art. Conventional treatment includes anion chromatography for removal of residual amounts of organic acid or its salt, solvent/detergent treatment (S/D treatment), ultra- and diafiltration, formulation, sterile filtration and filling into final containers. The product may as an option also be subjected to lyophilisation. The concentration of the final IgG product is usually in the range of 5-16% IgG but also concentrations up to about 25% are possible. It has to be mentioned that concentrations higher than 20% require specific formulation due to viscosity reasons when applied intravenously. IgG recovery was found to benefit from treatment of one organic acid or its salt at low temperatures from about 2-8 C. followed after separation of precipitate by a treatment with a different organic acid or its salt at room temperatures of 20-40 C. One example of such a process is the treatment with sodium caprylate at 2-8 C. combined with treating the solution after separation of precipitate with sodium valerate or sodium caprate at 20-40 C.

(3) Analytical Methods

(4) To ensure that no activation or concentration of coagulation factors took place during the manufacturing process, in-process samples were drawn over the whole process and analyzed on the coagulation factors described above. All in-process samples as well as product in final containers were tested for occurrence of coagulation factors. At the latest from the second treatment with organic acid or its salt on detection of coagulation factors was not possible due to removal or inactivation. The detection limit of coagulation factors was even in concentrated final products not reached or exceeded. In addition, the procoagulant activity of the final products were analyzed with NATEM and thrombin generation assay (TGA). For all final products no clotting activity was detected.

(5) Procoagulant Activity

(6) Procoagulant activity was measured on the ROTEG Coagulation Analyzer available from PENTAPHARM based on the principles of thrombelastography with the NATEM test and Star-Tem reagents available from ROTEM in factor XI deficient plasma. All assays were conducted with final product (IgG concentrations 5%, 10% and 16%) and aborted after more than 3000 seconds (50 minutes) revealing no procoagulant activity.

(7) Thrombin Generation Assay

(8) The thrombin generation assays (TGA) were performed on the TECHNOTHROMBIN TGA of Technoclone in factor XI deficient plasma and as well as in pooled normal plasma. Lag-time, i.e. the onset of thrombin formation, peak thrombin and TTP, i.e. time-to-peak, were determined. The results were summarized in Table 1 revealing somewhat prolonged lag-times and TTP in Factor XI deficient plasma (FXI-PD) and a reduction in peak thrombin to about 10% of plasma pool values.

(9) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 TGA plasma pool TGA FXI-DP lag peak lag peak time thrombin TTP time thrombin TTP n = 26 [min] [nM] [min] [min] [nM] [min] mean 14.9 254.9 23.2 17.5 25.2 32.2 range 11.1- 204-363 19.1- 16.6- 21-31 31.6- 19.1 29.1 27.6 45.1

(10) Analyses of Factors FII, FVII, FVIIa, FIX, FIXa, FX, FXI and FXIa

(11) Clotting activities of said factors were determined on an ACL 10000 coagulation analyzer of Werfen Group with relevant test kits with the exemption of FIXa and FXIa, which were analysed with the BIOPHEN Factor IXa testkit (HYPHEN BioMed) and a modification thereof. Clotting activity of FXIa was measured based on the BIOPHEN Factor IXa testkit, addition of recombinant FIX and calibration with a FXIa concentrate. While an initial calibration curve for FIXa just allowed analyses to a lower detection limit of 1.0 mIU/ml, a second calibration curve (low calibration concentration curve) allowed analyses to a lower detection limit of 0.32 mIU/ml. Consequently, both limits can be found in the tables of analytical results. Results were summarized in tables below. Values given as < indicate that the detection limit was not reached, some mean values in table 2 indicate a value lower than the detection limit which indicates that not all values were under the detection limit, these mean values were calculated as the sum of half of the detection limit for results < and the actual value found for those results above the detection limit. Alternatively to said calculated values with the half of the detection limit, a calculation with the value of the detection limit was performed as worst case scenario revealing 0.015 IU/ml FVII, 8.4 mIU/ml FVIIa, 0.016 IU/ml FIX, 1.12 mIU/ml FIXa and 1.0 mIU/ml FXIa.

(12) In case that any residual amounts of FII should exist at concentrations lower than the detection limit of 0.014 IU/ml it is to be understood that this amount is within the range of 0.001 to 0.014 IU/ml FII. The same is true for FVII with a detection limit of 0.015 IU/ml and a range of 0.001 to 0.015 IU/ml, for FVIIa with a detection limit of 8.4 mIU/ml and a range of 0.1 to 8.4 mIU/ml, for FIX with a detection limit of 0.016 IU/ml and a range of 0.001 to 0.016 IU/ml, for FIXa with a detection limit of 1.12 mIU/ml and a range of 0.01 to 1.12 mIU/ml, for FX with a detection limit of 0.015 IU/ml and a range of 0.001 to 0.015 IU/ml, for FXI with a detection limit of 0.014 IU/ml and a range of 0.001 to 0.014 IU/MI. And also for FXIa, determined with the low concentration calibration curve, with a detection limit of 0.32 mIU/ml and a range of 0.01 to 0.32 mIU/ml, while the initially used calibration curve just allowed a a detection limit of 1.0 mIU/ml, consequently, the range is therefore 0.01 to 1.00 mIU/ml.

EXAMPLES

Example 1 (Sodium Caprylate)

(13) Fraction I+II+III from plasma fractionation was dissolved and cooled to 2-8 C. and the pH was kept constant in the range of 4.80-4.95 when sample A was drawn from this solution. Sodium caprylate was added to a final concentration of 20 mmol/1 and the solution was stirred for 90 minutes before filtration. After drawing sample B the filtered solution was heated to 21-27 C., the pH was still kept constant at about 4.9 in the given range and caprylate was again added to a concentration of 20 mmol/l. After stirring for 60 minutes and centrifugation sample C was drawn from the supernatant and all samples were assayed. The supernatant was further processed by anion chromatography, virus inactivation (S/D treatment), ultra- and diafiltration, formulation, sterile filtration and filling to the final product.

Example 2

(14) Essentially the same procedure as example 1 was performed with the exemption that an amount of 10 mmol caprylate was added per liter solution for the second precipitation instead of adjustment to 20 mmol/l.

Examples 3 and 4

(15) The same procedure as example 2 was performed with the sodium salts of valeric acid and capric acid.

(16) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Process according to examples 1 and 2 as no significant differences in clotting activities were observed: Although later experiments (see tables 4 to 7) revealed significantly higher amounts of coagulation factors in the source material prior to addition of the precipitant the inventive method presented herein managed to eliminate these factors. Even in concentrates of 10% IgG there were no coagulation factors measureable. Sample A (resusp. fraction Sample B Sample C Coagulation I + II + III) (after 1.sup.st precipitation) (after 2.sup.nd precipitation) factors Mean Range Mean Range Mean Range FII 0.30 0.21-0.56 <0.014 <0.014 <0.014 <0.014 [IU/ml] FVII 5.48 3.9-9.5 0.012 <0.015-0.019 <0.015 <0.015 [IU/ml] FVIIa 1477.3 1066-2108 5.4 <8.4-10.2 <8.4 <8.4 [mIU/ml] FIX 3.10 3.10 0.010 <0.016-0.019 <0.016 <0.016 [IU/ml] FIXa 115.5 55.9-231.0 0.70 <1.12-1.24 <1.12 <1.12 [mIU/ml] FX 0.05 0.02-0.12 <0.015 <0.015 <0.015 <0.015 [IU/ml] FXI 1.31 0.93-1.81 <0.014 <0.014 <0.014 <0.014 [IU/ml] FXIa 113.9 10.9-339.2 1.9 <1.0-3.9 <1.0 <1.0 [mU/ml] Sample D Sample E Coagulation (concentrated to 7% IgG) (final container-10% IgG) factors Mean Range Mean Range FII <0.014 <0.014 <0.014 <0.014 [IU/ml] FVII <0.015 <0.015 <0.015 <0.015 [IU/ml] FVIIa <8.4 <8.4 <8.4 <8.4 [mIU/ml] FIX <0.016 <0.016 <0.016 <0.016 [IU/ml] FIXa <1.12 <1.12 <1.12 <1.12 [mIU/ml] FX <0.015 <0.015 <0.015 <0.015 [IU/ml] FXI <0.014 <0.014 <0.014 <0.014 [IU/ml] FXIa <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 [mU/ml]

(17) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Process according to examples 3 and 4: Sample A Sample B Sample C (resusp. fraction (after 1.sup.st (after 2.sup.nd I + II + III) precipitation) precipitation) Coag- Capric Valeric Capric Valeric Capric Valeric ulation acid acid acid acid acid acid factors salt salt salt salt salt salt FII na na na na na na [IU/ml] FVII 15.5 15.3 1.50 0.19 <0.015 <0.015 [IU/ml] FVIIa 3945.0 3547.0 1026.00 142.00 <8.4 9.1 [mIU/ml] FIX 8.30 7.50 0.36 0.07 <0.016 <0.016 [IU/ml] FIXa 368.0 358.0 68.00 6.40 <1.12 <1.12 [mIU/ml] FX 0.22 0.34 <0.015 <0.015 <0.015 <0.015 [IU/ml] FXI na na 0.32 0.033 <0.014 <0.014 [IU/ml] FXIa 102.0 114.0 20.6 14.7 <1.0 <1.0 [mU/ml]

(18) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Precipitations with pH value kept constant Organic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic acid/salt Organic [mM] 20 10 20 10 20 20 acid/salt pH value 4.7 4.7 5.1 5.1 4.5 4.5 Temperatur [ C] 2 21 2 27 5 25 Stirring [min] 55 55 90 90 70 70 Sample A B C A B C A B C FII [IU/ml] 0.82 0.017 <0.014 1.15 <0.014 <0.014 0.64 0.02 0.014 FVII [IU/ml] 5.04 0.023 <0.015 5.05 <0.015 <0.015 4.99 0.05 <0.015 FVIIa [mIU/ml] 4090 31 <8.4 4375 5.5 <8.4 3604 59 <8.4 FIX [IU/ml] 4.12 0.09 <0.016 5.20 <0.016 <0.016 2.47 0.059 <0.016 FIXa [mIU/ml] 293.8 14.2 <1.12 296.7 <1.12 <1.12 280.5 15 <1.12 FX [IU/ml] 0.27 <0.015 <0.015 0.18 <0.015 <0.015 0.34 0.02 <0.015 FXI [IU/ml] 3.56 0.11 <0.014 4.24 <0.014 <0.014 3.43 0.17 <0.014 FXIa [mU/ml] 551 36.7 <0.32 176 1.20 <0.32 226 33 <1.0 Organic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic acid/salt Organic [mM] 20 10 20 10 20 10 acid/salt pH value 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 Temperatur [ C] 8 27 8 27 2 21 Stirring [min] 55 90 90 55 55 55 Sample A B C A B C A B C FII [IU/ml] 1.30 <0.014 <0.014 1.23 <0.014 <0.014 1.22 <0.014 <0.014 FVII [IU/ml] 7.3 <0.015 <0.015 8.6 <0.015 <0.015 8.3 <0.015 <0.015 FVIIa [mIU/ml] 4975 <8.4 <8.4 3645 <8.4 <8.4 4277 <8.4 <8.4 FIX [IU/ml] 9.13 <0.016 <0.016 5.55 0.24 <0.016 9.13 <0.016 <0.016 FIXa [mIU/ml] 327.1 <1.12 <1.12 355.8 <1.12 <1.12 329.6 <1.12 <1.12 FX [IU/ml] 0.38 <0.015 <0.015 0.25 <0.015 <0.015 0.38 <0.015 <0.015 FXI [IU/ml] 6.92 <0.014 <0.014 4.42 <0.014 <0.014 6.92 <0.014 <0.014 FXIa [mU/ml] 296.0 1.3 <0.32 128.2 .83 <0.32 172.5 1.4 <0.32 Organic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic acid/salt Organic [mM] 20 10 20 10 20 10 acid/salt pH value 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 Temperatur [ C] 8 27 8 21 8 21 Stirring [min] 55 55 90 55 55 90 Sample A B C A B C A B C FII [IU/ml] 0.72 <0.014 <0.014 0.46 <0.014 <0.014 0.7 <0.014 <0.014 FVII [IU/ml] 6.18 0.05 <0.015 5.80 <0.015 <0.015 5.48 <0.015 <0.015 FVIIa [mIU/ml] 3736 23.1 <8.4 3990 8.7 <8.4 3821 <8.4 <8.4 FIX [IU/ml] 5.02 0.86 <0.016 4.66 0.026 <0.016 6.00 0.02 <0.016 FIXa [mIU/ml] 292.6 6.59 <1.12 292.4 2.86 <1.12 233.2 1.76 <1.12 FX [IU/ml] 0.26 <0.015 <0.015 0.24 <0.015 <0.015 0.29 <0.015 <0.015 FXI [IU/ml] 4.85 0.096 <0.014 4.89 0.035 <0.014 5.32 0.03 <0.014 FXIa [mU/ml] 332.4 16.6 <0.32 293.1 6.8 <0.32 232.2 4.6 <0.32 Organic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic acid/salt Organic [mM] 20 10 20 10 20 10 acid/salt pH value 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 Temperatur [ C] 2 27 2 27 2 21 Stirring [min] 90 55 55 90 90 90 Sample A B C A B C A B C FII [IU/ml] 0.75 <0.014 <0.014 0.68 <0.014 <0.014 0.8 <0.014 <0.014 FVII [IU/ml] 5.37 0.02 <0.015 6.41 0.03 <0.015 6.26 <0.015 <0.015 FVIIa [mIU/ml] 4507 11.9 <8.4 4197 27 <8.4 4212 8.8 <8.4 FIX [IU/ml] 6.72 0.051 <0.016 6.20 0.099 <0.016 5.66 0.029 <0.016 FIXa [mIU/ml] 289.0 3.43 <1.12 256.9 6.58 <1.12 263.2 2.17 <1.12 FX [IU/ml] 0.27 <0.015 <0.015 0.32 <0.015 <0.015 0.34 <0.015 <0.015 FXI [IU/ml] 7.31 0.05 <0.014 6.76 0.11 <0.014 5.46 0.033 <0.014 FXIa [mU/ml] 371.8 8.9 <0.32 451.1 36.2 <0.32 413.3 16 <0.32 Organic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic acid/salt Organic [mM] 20 10 20 20 20 10 acid/salt pH value 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 Temperatur [ C] 8 24 5 27 5 24 Stirring [min] 70 70 70 70 90 70 Sample A B C A B C A B C FII [IU/ml] 1.32 <0.014 <0.014 1.2 <0.014 <0.014 1.51 <0.014 <0.014 FVII [IU/ml] 6.77 <0.015 <0.015 6.37 0.02 <0.015 7.09 0.02 <0.015 FVIIa [mIU/ml] 4240 <8.4 <8.4 4067 11 <8.4 5693 <8.4 <8.4 FIX [IU/ml] 5.95 <0.016 <0.016 5.78 0.026 <0.016 7.99 0.029 <0.016 FIXa [mIU/ml] 219.4 1.75 <1.12 272.1 2.05 <1.12 397.1 2.12 <1.12 FX [IU/ml] 0.70 <0.015 <0.015 0.64 <0.015 <0.015 0.65 <0.015 <0.015 FXI [IU/ml] 4.72 0.017 <0.014 5.02 0.032 <0.014 6.95 0.033 <0.014 FXIa [mU/ml] 234 5.1 <0.32 243 9.7 <0.32 217 8.2 <0.32 Organic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic acid/salt Organic [mM] 20 10 20 10 acid/salt pH value 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 Temperatur [ C] 5 24 5 24 Stirring [min] 70 90 120 70 Sample A B C A B C FII [IU/ml] 1.20 <0.014 <0.014 1.10 <0.014 <0.014 FVII [IU/ml] 5.50 <0.015 <0.015 5.78 <0.015 <0.015 FVIIa [mIU/ml] 4093 <8.4 <8.4 3888 <8.4 <8.4 FIX [IU/ml] 6.36 0.022 <0.016 4.67 <0.016 <0.016 FIXa [mIU/ml] 365.6 2.07 <1.12 281.0 <1.12 <1.12 FX [IU/ml] 0.49 <0.015 <0.015 0.48 <0.015 <0.015 FXI [IU/ml] 5.50 0.027 <0.014 2.82 <0.014 <0.014 FXIa [mU/ml] 144 8.0 <0.32 106 3.90 <0.32

(19) TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Precipitations with pH values increasing Organic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic acid/salt Organic [mM] 20 10 20 10 20 10 acid/salt pH value 4.7 5.1 4.7 5.1 4.7 5.1 Temperatur [ C] 8 27 8 21 2 27 Stirring [min] 90 90 55 55 15 55 Sample A B C A B C A B C FII [IU/ml] 0.51 0.015 <0.014 0.4 <0.014 <0.014 0.58 <0.014 <0.014 FVII [IU/ml] 4.55 0.019 <0.015 4.40 <0.015 <0.015 5.70 0.018 <0.015 FVIIa [mIU/ml] 3945 27 <8.4 3384 <8.4 <8.4 3625 9.9 <8.4 FIX [IU/ml] 3.38 0.08 <0.016 3.90 0.06 <0.016 4.60 0.08 <0.016 FIXa [mIU/ml] 269.3 12 <1.12 215.7 3.04 <1.12 273.0 4.62 <1.12 FX [IU/ml] 0.19 <0.015 <0.015 0.20 <0.015 <0.015 0.19 <0.015 <0.015 FXI [IU/ml] 3.38 0.08 <0.014 4.91 0.10 <0.014 6.16 0.13 <0.014 FXIa [mU/ml] 524 39.0 <0.32 362 18.90 <0.32 336 13.5 <0.32 Organic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic acid/salt Organic [mM] 20 10 20 10 20 10 acid/salt pH value 4.7 5.1 4.7 5.1 4.9 5.1 Temperatur [ C] 2 21 2 21 5 24 Stirring [min] 90 55 55 90 70 70 Sample A B C A B C A B C FII [IU/ml] 0.56 <0.014 <0.014 0.5 <0.014 <0.014 1.20 <0.014 <0.014 FVII [IU/ml] 5.30 0.027 <0.015 4.20 <0.015 <0.015 6.23 0.02 <0.015 FVIIa [mIU/ml] 3529 19.2 <8.4 3374 10.2 <8.4 7395 13.4 <8.4 FIX [IU/ml] 4.90 0.16 <0.016 4.40 0.08 <0.016 8.62 0.046 <0.016 FIXa [mIU/ml] 270.6 7.85 <1.12 261.1 4.8 <1.12 320.0 2.11 <1.12 FX [IU/ml] 0.30 <0.015 <0.015 0.20 <0.015 <0.015 0.32 <0.015 <0.015 FXI [IU/ml] 6.71 0.23 <0.014 5.70 0.11 <0.014 7.63 0.039 <0.014 FXIa [mU/ml] 346 26.8 <0.32 291 18.1 <0.32 266.2 8.8 <0.32

(20) TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Precipitations with pH values decreasing Organic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic acid/salt Organic [mM] acid/salt 20 10 20 10 20 10 pH value 5.1 4.7 5.1 4.9 5.1 4.7 Temperatur [ C] 8 27 5 24 2 27 Stirring [min] 90 90 70 70 55 55 Sample A B C A B C A B C FII [IU/ml] 1.20 0.014 <0.014 1.28 <0.014 <0.014 0.87 <0.014 <0.014 FVII [IU/ml] 4.92 <0.015 <0.015 7.49 <0.015 <0.015 8.2 <0.015 <0.015 FVIIa [mIU/ml] 4240 <8.4 <8.4 5040 <8.4 <8.4 4667 <8.4 <8.4 FIX [IU/ml] 5.84 <0.016 <0.016 11.47 <0.016 <0.016 7.11 <0.016 <0.016 FIXa [mIU/ml] 317.7 <1.12 <1.12 340.3 <1.12 <1.12 304.8 <1.12 <1.12 FX [IU/ml] 0.21 <0.015 <0.015 0.32 <0.015 <0.015 0.17 <0.015 <0.015 FXI [IU/ml] 4.72 <0.014 <0.014 7.97 <0.014 <0.014 5.25 <0.014 <0.014 FXIa [mU/ml] 221 0.45 <0.32 175.1 2.2 <0.32 183.0 1.0 <0.32 Organic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic acid/salt Organic [mM] 20 10 20 10 acid/salt pH value 5.1 4.7 5.1 4.7 Temperatur [ C] 2 21 2 21 Stirring [min] 90 55 55 90 Sample A B C A B C FII [IU/ml] 0.98 <0.014 <0.014 0.92 <0.014 <0.014 FVII [IU/ml] 7.20 <0.015 <0.015 7.00 <0.015 <0.015 FVIIa [mIU/ml] 4263 <8.4 <8.4 4195 <8.4 <8.4 FIX [IU/ml] 8.98 <0.016 <0.016 7.86 <0.016 <0.016 FIXa [mIU/ml] 294.8 <1.12 <1.12 314.3 <1.12 <1.12 FX [IU/ml] 0.13 <0.015 <0.015 0.18 <0.015 <0.015 FXI [IU/ml] 2.46 <0.014 <0.014 6.78 <0.014 <0.014 FXIa [mU/ml] 189.0 0.7 <0.32 153.0 0.6 <0.32

(21) TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 Precipitations with capric acid/salt Organic acid/salt capric capric capric capric Organic acid/salt [mM] 20 10 20 10 pH value 4.9 4.9 5.2 5.2 Temperatur [ C] 5 25 5 25 Stirring [min] 60 60 60 60 Sample A B C A B C FII [IU/ml] na na na 0.4 <0.014 <0.014 FVII [IU/ml] 15.5 1.7 <0.015 4.3 0.32 <0.015 FVIIa [mIU/ml] 3945 1228 <8.4 2805 173 <8.4 FIX [IU/ml] 8.3 na <0.016 3.2 0.084 <0.016 FIXa [mIU/ml] 368 90 <1.12 150 7.31 <1.12 FX [IU/ml] 0.22 0.015 <0.015 0.05 <0.015 <0.015 FXI [IU/ml] na 0.41 <0.014 1.95 <0.014 <0.014 FXIa [mU/ml] 102 22.4 <1.0 107.9 3 <1.0

(22) TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 8 Precipitations with caprylic acid performed with the same starting material; influence of pH values and concentrations Organic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic caprylic acid/salt Organic [mM] 10 30 40 10 30 40 10 30 40 acid/salt pH value 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.7 4.7 4.7 Sample B B B B B B B B B FII [IU/ml] <0.014 <0.014 <0.014 <0.014 <0.014 <0.014 0.024 <0.014 <0.014 FVII [IU/ml] 0.073 <0.015 <0.015 0.062 <0.015 <0.015 0.13 <0.015 <0.015 FVIIa [mIU/ml] 21 <8.4 <8.4 26 <8.4 <8.4 90 13 <8.4 FIX [IU/ml] <0.016 <0.016 <0.016 0.066 <0.016 <0.016 0.249 0.04 <0.016 FIXa [mIU/ml] <1.12 <1.12 <1.12 2.68 <1.12 <1.12 18.75 5.09 <1.12 FX [IU/ml] <0.015 <0.015 <0.015 <0.015 <0.015 <0.015 0.022 <0.015 <0.015 FXI [IU/ml] <0.014 <0.014 <0.014 0.055 <0.014 <0.014 0.448 0.072 <0.014 FXIa [mU/ml] 2.8 2.0 1.8 6.1 1.3 1.3 44.9 30.5 2.4