Water aeration system

Abstract

A water aeration system (10) encases an air pump (60) and a solar power controller (62) in an encasement structure (34) with one or more air permeable sidewalls (42; 44). The encasement structure is mounted at or near a top end of a mounting pole (32). A solar panel (50) is mounted directly or indirectly to the encasement or to the mounting pole at or near the top end of the mounting pole, optionally with screens (80, 82, 84, 86) connected to the backside of the solar panel. An air conduit (20) is threaded through a hollow channel in the mounting pole or structure associated therewith, and then underground and/or under water for joining to an immersed diffuser (12). The system is protected from tampering where the air pump and controller are inside the encasement structure, the solar panel and encasement structure are mounted several feet above the ground surface, the underside of the solar panel is shielded by protective screens, and the conduit between the pump and the diffuser is held inside the mounting pole or structure associated therewith.

Claims

1. A pole-mounted enclosure for a water aeration system, comprising: a mounting pole having a length and defining an inner channel substantially along said length and having a top end and a bottom end, with the bottom end adapted for insertion into a ground or a footing spaced apart from and outside of a body of water to be aerated for establishing the mounting pole upright with the top end above the ground or footing surface; an encasement mounted at or near the top end of the mounting pole, said encasement having a top surface and said encasement defining an internal space therewithin; a first frame and a second frame appended or attached to the top surface or a side surface of the encasement and configured to connect to an opposite surface of a solar panel wherein photovoltaic cells of the solar panel are on a front surface of the solar panel, so that when so connected the top surface of the encasement is in facing relation to the opposite surface of the solar panel over a first portion of the opposite surface of the solar panel, with said top surface of the encasement directly covering the first portion of the opposite surface of the solar panel, and wherein the top surface of the encasement when directly covering the first portion of the opposite surface of the solar panel is spaced apart from the opposite surface of the solar panel leaving a gap therebetween; and one or more protective screens configured to connect to the first frame or the second frame in a position over a second portion of the opposite surface of the solar panel that is not covered by the top surface of the encasement.

2. The pole-mounted enclosure of claim 1, wherein each of the one or more protective screens is air permeable.

3. The pole-mounted enclosure of claim 1, wherein each of the one or more protective screens defines holes therethrough.

4. The pole-mounted enclosure of claim 1, wherein the encasement comprises at least one trough, and at least one sidewall, and wherein the at least one sidewall of the encasement slidably engages with said at least one trough.

5. The pole-mounted enclosure of claim 4, wherein the at least one sidewall of the encasement is air permeable.

6. The pole-mounted enclosure of claim 5, wherein the at least one sidewall of the encasement defines holes therethrough.

7. The pole-mounted enclosure of claim 5, further comprising a second sidewall of the encasement that is air permeable.

8. The pole-mounted enclosure of claim 1, wherein the entirety of the opposite surface of the solar panel is covered by a combination of the top surface of the encasement and the one or more protective screens.

9. A pole-mounted enclosure for a water aeration system, comprising: a mounting pole having a length and defining an inner channel substantially along said length and having a top end and a bottom end, with the bottom end adapted for insertion into a ground or a footing spaced apart from and outside of a body of water to be aerated for establishing the mounting pole upright with the top end above the ground or footing surface; an encasement mounted at or near the top end of the mounting pole, said encasement having a top surface and a bottom surface and at least one sidewall, and said encasement defining an internal space, with a first trough formed by a first flange extending upwardly from the bottom surface of the encasement and a second trough formed by a second flange extending downwardly from the top surface of the encasement, and wherein the at least one sidewall of the encasement slidably engages with the first trough and the second trough; and a first frame and a second frame appended or attached to the top surface or a side surface of the enclosure and configured to connect to an opposite surface of a solar panel wherein photovoltaic cells of the solar panel are on a front surface of the solar panel.

10. The pole-mounted enclosure of claim 9, further comprising: one or more protective screens configured to connect to the first frame or the second frame in a position over a portion of the opposite surface of the solar panel.

11. The pole-mounted enclosure of claim 10, wherein each of the one or more protective screens is air permeable.

12. The pole-mounted enclosure of claim 10, wherein each of the one or more protective screens defines holes therethrough.

13. The pole-mounted enclosure of claim 10, wherein the entirety of the opposite surface of the solar panel is covered by a combination of the top surface of the encasement and the one or more protective screens.

14. The pole-mounted enclosure of claim 9, wherein the at least one sidewall of the encasement is air permeable.

15. The pole-mounted enclosure of claim 14, wherein the at least one sidewall of the encasement defines holes therethrough.

16. The pole-mounted enclosure of claim 9, further comprising a second sidewall of the encasement that is air permeable.

17. The pole-mounted enclosure of claim 9, further comprising a second sidewall slidably engageable with the top surface and bottom surface of the encasement.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In the drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to similar components:

(2) FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of a solar powered water aeration system according to the invention;

(3) FIG. 2 is a right front perspective view of a mounting pole and encasement for the pump and controller of the water aeration system of FIG. 1, showing a side panel in an open configuration for access to the encasement interior;

(4) FIG. 3 is a left rear perspective view of the mounting pole and encasement for the pump and controller, also including a solar panel mounted to the encasement, of the water aeration system of FIG. 1;

(5) FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the encasement showing the encasement interior;

(6) FIG. 5 is a right front perspective view of the diffuser and diffuser platform of the solar powered aeration system of FIG. 1;

(7) FIG. 6 is a right front perspective view of a mounting pole and encasement for a pump and controller of a second embodiment of the water aeration system according to the invention, without the solar panel mounted thereto;

(8) FIG. 7 is a left bottom perspective view of the mounting pole and encasement for the pump and controller of the second embodiment of the water aeration system of FIG. 6, showing the solar panel mounted thereto with protective screens; and

(9) FIG. 8 is a left side elevational view in partial cross section showing the water aeration system of FIG. 6 with the solar panel and protective screens of FIG. 7.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(10) Turning in detail to the drawings, FIGS. 1-5 show an embodiment of a water aeration system 10 and its components. Referring first to FIGS. 1 and 5, the water aeration system 10 includes an immersed fine pore tube diffuser 12 that is mounted to a mounting 15 on a diffuser platform or tray 14. The diffuser 12 and diffuser platform or tray 14 are immersed in a body of water, such as a pond 24 to be aerated.

(11) Referring now to FIG. 5, in this embodiment, the diffuser 14 includes one or more diffuser tubes or arms 16 that are perforated or pierced to form holes that permit fluids, such as air or other gases, to flow out of the diffuser tubes or arms 16 into the body of water. As the air escapes from or flows out of the diffuser tubes or arms 16, air bubbles 22 form in the water and serve to transfer oxygen to the water to aerate the pond 24.

(12) Various diffusers or bubblers are known in the market. One exemplary diffuser, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, is a JETFLEX tube diffuser available from Jager Umwelt Technik GmbH Co. KG. Diffusers are available in the shape of discs, plates, tubes or hoses constructed from glass-bonded silica, porous ceramic, PVC or perforated membranes or conduits made from EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer) rubber and/or a slit silicone sheet. Air pumped through the diffuser membranes is released into the water. The bubbles released from the diffuser may be fine bubbles, with diameters smaller than 3 mm, or larger bubbles with diameters greater than 3 mm. As a general rule, smaller bubbles and a deeper release point will generate a greater oxygen transfer rate into the water. Other tube diffusers or disk diffusers may be secured to diffuser platform or tray 14 as desired. The invention is not limited to any one specific diffuser or bubbler.

(13) Platform or tray 14 preferably is formed of a corrosion-resistant material, such as but not limited to stainless steel.

(14) The diffuser 12 emits pumped air that is transmitted through an air conduit 20 from a pump 60 to the diffuser 12. The pump 60 is mounted in an encasement structure 34 as described further herein.

(15) Referring to FIGS. 1-4, the solar power assembly 30 includes an encasement structure 34 that is secured to a top 31 of a mounting pole 32. A receiver cylinder 18 is integrated into the encasement structure 34. The receiver cylinder 18 receives the top 31 of the pole 32 to secure the top 31 to the encasement structure 34. The receiver cylinder 18 has an open top end. The receiver cylinder 18 has an internal diameter slightly larger than the external diameter of the top 31 of the pole 32. When the two are joined, the top 31 of the pole 32 goes into the receiver cylinder 18 and then is locked into place, such as with a set screw. This has the advantage of installing the pole such that it is vertical. When the encasement is placed, it can be rotated so that the solar panel faces south when it is installed in the northern hemisphere, and north when it is installed south of the equator.

(16) In the embodiment shown, the mounting pole 32 has a bottom 33 that is held in the ground 26, and preferably is held in association with a footer 28 installed in the ground 26. The mounting pole 32 preferably has a length in the range of 8 to 10 feet (2.4 to 3.1 m). The mounting pole 32 preferably comprises a hollow core or channel therein. In one preferred embodiment, the mounting pole comprises an extruded rust-resistant metal tube or pipe, such as but not limited to a steel alloy or stainless steel or aluminum or an aluminum alloy. A schedule 40 or schedule 80 rigid steel pipe is one exemplary mounting pole.

(17) The encasement structure 34 has a front face 35, a rear face 36, a bottom face 38 and a top face 40. The side panels 42, 44 of the encasement structure 34 comprise an air permeable material, such as a screen or a mesh. The air permeable material permits sufficient air flow into the interior of the encasement structure 34 so that equipment held inside the encasement structure 34 remains at or near ambient temperature. Examples of suitable air permeable materials include but are not limited to: metal screen, perforated metal, expanded metal sheet, wire mesh, wire screen, coated wire mesh, coated wire screen, composite material mesh, nylon screen, and moldable material mesh or screen. Preferably, one side panel 42 is joined by hinges to the bottom face 38 so that the side panel 42 may be tilted open for access to the interior space of the encasement structure 34.

(18) The encasement structure 34 may be formed with powder coated sheet steel, or of stainless steel, or aluminum, or plastics (e.g., vacuum molded or injection molded or 3D printed).

(19) A pump 60 is held within the interior space of the encasement structure 34. A controller 62 for converting solar energy to DC or AC current to power the pump 60 also is installed within the interior space of the encasement structure 34. Exemplary controllers 62 that may be used in the water aeration system include: a linear current booster (LCB); a pulse width modulated (PWM) controller; and a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller. Known suppliers for LCB controllers include Solar Converters and Sunpumps. Known suppliers for MPPT controllers include Morningstar, Outback, Xantrex and Midnite Solar. Preferably, a quick release internal controller mounting system with an integrated terminal strip electrically connects the controller 62 to the pump 60. The quick release can be decoupled for repair or replacement.

(20) One exemplary pump 60 is a DC-powered linear air pump. One suitable low maintenance, oil free, linear air pump is offered by Alita Industries, Inc. and has a rated performance of 60 liters per minute at 15 kPa. Other suitable pumps include diaphragm or piston pumps with DC motors, particularly those rated for marine or RV or other outdoor use.

(21) An air tube or air conduit 20 is joined at one end to the output of the pump 60 and is joined at its opposite end to the diffuser 12. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-4, the air tube or air conduit 20 is threaded through the open top of the receiver cylinder 18 and into the hollow opening of the mounting pole 32 and is held therein. The air tube or air conduit 20 extends substantially along the length of the mounting pole 32, and is then buried under ground 26 to keep the air tube or air conduit 20 secure from tampering or from damage to which it would be subject if it were left exposed along the outside of the mounting pole 32 or on the ground surface 26. Preferably, all or substantially all of the air tube or air conduit 20 that is above the ground surface is secured against tampering and damage by being within the encasement structure 34 or within the mounting pole 32 or other protective structure associated with the encasement structure 34 and mounting pole 32.

(22) Preferably, the air tube or air conduit 20 is a thick-walled flexible tube that does not float. One exemplary air tube 20 is a Kuri Tec Nautilus air tube from Kuriyama of America, Inc.

(23) A first mounting 46 is joined to the front face 35 of the encasement structure 34. A second mounting 48 is joined to the rear face 36 or the top face 40 of the encasement structure 34. The mountings 46, 48 may comprise brackets that connect to frame beams or sections 66 that hold the edges of a solar panel 50, and rail mountings 49 that engage rear structure of the solar panel. The combination of mountings 46, 48, 49 and beams 66 are used to secure the solar panel 50 to the encasement structure 34 so that the solar panel 50 is mounted above the encasement structure 34. The top 40 of the encasement structure may be in contact with the rear face of the solar panel 50 for added stability in the mounting. In most circumstances, however, a gap is left between the top 40 of the encasement structure and the rear face of the solar panel 50 to permit air flow and convective cooling of the solar panel 50.

(24) The solar panel 50 is directly or indirectly electrically connected to the controller 62. Solar energy collected by the solar panel 50 is converted to DC current that may be used to power motor 60. If desired, an inverter to convert DC current to AC current to power motor 60. Any of the available solar panel technologies can be used with the water aeration system according to the invention, whether monocrystalline, multicrystalline, thin film or any other type.

(25) The receiver cylinder 18 allows for quick and secure installation of panels and components to the mounting pole 32 and air tube 20 with minimal installation tools. The receiver cylinder 18 secures the solar panel 50 and encasement structure 34 combination to the mounting pole. The encasement structure 34 may be rotated on the mounting pole 32 to customize orientation of the system at the mounting site. Once oriented, the encasement structure 34 may be secured to the top of the mounting pole 32 via the receiver cylinder 18 with dual lock bolts (not shown).

(26) We have found that a battery or an energy accumulator is not needed. The pump 60 is powered during those times when there is sufficient daylight for the solar panel 50 to collect solar energy. While the pump is not powered at other times, we have found that daytime only operation of the water aeration system is sufficient to aerate a body of water. In the summer months, when aeration is most important, daylight hours are longer and the water aeration system pumps air to the diffuser for a longer duration. In the winter months, when aeration is still desirable, the water aeration system pumps air to the diffuser for a shorter duration because there are fewer daylight hours. However, we have found such durations to be sufficient during each of these seasons. The output of the solar array has a daily solar rhythm or circadian rhythm that matches the need and capacity for aeration of the pond or other water body for each season during the calendar year.

(27) We have found that a fan to cool the pump is not needed. The air permeable side panels 42, 44 permit sufficient air flow into the encasement structure 34 to maintain ambient temperatures therein. The pump 60, such as a linear air pump, is cooled solely by this air flow through the encasement structure. The natural convective movement of air past the pump is a passive cooling strategy that obviates the need for a motor driven method of moving air (such as a fan).

(28) We have found that mounting the solar panel 50, controller 62 and pump 60 at a sufficient height above the ground prevents damage from tampering. In addition, threading the air conduit or tube 20 from the pump to the diffuser through a hollow channel in the mounting pole 32 protects the air conduit or tube from tampering and from damage that can occur during lawn maintenance. Because the air conduit or tube is not on the ground surface, it is not exposed to possible cutting or other damage from lawn mowers or trimmers, and it is not a tripping hazard to passersby.

(29) Referring next to FIGS. 6-8, an alternative embodiment of an enclosure for a water aeration system 100 has an encasement structure 34A to house the air pump 60 and the solar controller 62. The encasement structure 34A has at least one trough 90 and at least one sidewall or side panel 42A that slidably engages with the at least one trough 90. The at least one sidewall or side panel 42A may then be secured to flanges of the adjacent walls of the encasement with removable fasteners, such as screws.

(30) A first mounting 46A is joined to the front face 35 of the encasement structure 34A. A second mounting 48A is joined to the rear face 36 or the top face 40 of the encasement structure 34A. The mountings 46A, 48A may comprise brackets that connect to frame beams or sections 66 that hold the edges of a solar panel 50, and rail mountings 49 that engage rear structure of the solar panel. The combination of mountings 46A, 48A, 49 and beams 66 are used to secure the solar panel 50 to the encasement structure 34A so that the solar panel 50 is mounted above the encasement structure 34A. The top 40 of the encasement structure may be in contact with the rear face of the solar panel 50 for added stability in the mounting. In most circumstances, however, a gap is left between the top 40 of the encasement structure 34A and the rear face of the solar panel 50 to permit air flow and convective cooling of the solar panel 50.

(31) The solar panel 50 has a face surface on which the photovoltaic cells are held and an opposite surface. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the opposite surface of the solar panel 50 is protected from tampering and from damage by protective screens 80, 82, 84 and 86. Protective screens 80, 82 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 are generally rectangular and have an upstanding flange 81, 83 along one lengthwise side edge. The upstanding flanges 80, 82 abut upstanding wall portions of the mountings 46A, 48A respectively, and may be joined thereto. The protective screens 80, 82 are secured to the underside of the beams 66 holding the solar panel 50 with fasteners, such as screws. Preferably the protective screens 80, 82 define a plurality of holes 110 therethrough to permit air flow to the opposite surface or back side of the solar panel 50 for convective cooling of the solar panel 50.

(32) Protective screens 84, 86 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 are generally trapezoidal shaped, and have bent flanges 88, 88B extending from the top and bottom edges of the trapezoid. The bent flanges 88, 88B are configured to seat over base portions of the mountings 46A and 48A joined to the encasement 34A. The protective screens 84, 86 are secured to the underside of the beams 66 holding the solar panel 50 with fasteners, such as screws. Preferably the protective screens 84, 86 define a plurality of holes 112 therethrough to permit air flow to the opposite surface or back side of the solar panel 50 for convective cooling of the solar panel 50.

(33) The protective screens 80, 82, 84, 86 prevent damage to the solar panel 50 by creating a barrier to projectiles (e.g., stones, golf balls). Such projectiles contact the screens rather than the underside or opposite surface of the solar panel.

(34) Protective screens 80, 82, 84, 86 may be formed of powder coated sheet steel, or of stainless steel, or aluminum, or plastics (e.g., vacuum molded or injection molded or 3D printed)

(35) Thus, various configurations of solar powered water aeration systems are disclosed. While embodiments of this invention have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many more modifications are possible without departing from the inventive concepts herein. The invention, therefore, is not to be restricted except in the spirit of the following claims.

GLOSSARY

(36) 10 water aeration system 12 diffuser 14 diffuser platform 15 mounting plate for diffuser 16 diffuser arm 18 receiver cylinder 20 conduit from pump to diffuser 22 air bubbles 24 pond 26 ground 28 footer 30 solar power assembly 31 top of mounting pole 32 hollow mounting pole 33 bottom of mounting pole 34 encasement 34A encasement 35 front face of encasement 36 rear face of encasement 38 bottom of encasement 40 top of encasement 42 side panel of encasement 44 side panel of encasement 46 frame mounting for solar panel 46A frame mounting for solar panel 48 frame mounting for solar panel 48A frame mounting for solar panel 49 rail mounting for solar panel 50 solar panel 60 air pump 62 solar controller 66 beams holding solar panel 80 protective screen 81 flange 82 protective screen 83 flange 84 protective screen 86 protective screen 88 bent flange 90 trough 92 optional trough 100 water aeration system 110 holes 112 holes