High-temperature pyrolysis incineration apparatus

Abstract

A high-temperature pyrolysis incineration apparatus that forces external air to a combustion chamber while burning an incineration processing material injected therein at a high temperature within a combustion chamber is provided. The apparatus includes an air-supply tube disposed at the center of the combustion chamber, a fuel supply pipe installed at an upper edge of the inside of the combustion chamber, a punching plate disposed at the bottom of the combustion chamber, a stirring rod rotatably installed at an upper surface of the punching plate using the air-supply tube as a fixing shaft, a heat recovery device disposed outside of the combustion chamber, and a circulation pipe extending from a lid of the combustion chamber to the outside that returns to a location corresponding to an upper portion of the stirring rod at a wall of the combustion chamber via the inside of the heat recovery device.

Claims

1. A high-temperature pyrolysis incineration apparatus comprising a combustion chamber that is isolated from the outside, the apparatus adapted to forcedly supply external air to the combustion chamber while burning at a high temperature within the combustion chamber an incineration processing material to be injected therein, the apparatus further comprising: an air-supply tube that is fixedly disposed at the center of the combustion chamber; a fuel supply pipe that is installed at an upper edge of the inside of the combustion chamber; a punching plate that is disposed at the bottom of the combustion chamber to discharge ash that is generated by combustion to the outside; a stirring rod that is rotatably installed at an upper surface of the punching plate using the air-supply tube as a fixing shaft; a heat recovery device that is disposed at one side of the outside of the combustion chamber; and a circulation pipe that is extended from one side of a lid of the combustion chamber to the outside and that returns to a location corresponding to an upper portion of the stirring rod at a wall of the combustion chamber via the inside of the heat recovery device.

2. The high-temperature pyrolysis incineration apparatus of claim 1, wherein the stirring rod has a plurality of holes therein to have a light weight, and a contour of the upper and lower sides is formed in a wave shape, and at the inside of the combustion chamber, the stirring rod being adapted to stir the incineration processing material to uniformly contact air instead of being cornered to one side to be completely burned in a short time.

3. The high-temperature pyrolysis incineration apparatus of claim 1, wherein in the circulation pipe, a portion that is connected to the heat recovery device is divided into two, a ball valve is mounted at the circulation pipe of one side, and an end portion of the circulation pipe of the opposite side is formed in a spherical valve body to be combined in the ball valve and maintains a location by a cap that is fastened to the ball valve to automatically open and close the circulation pipe in synchronism with opening and closing of the lid.

4. The high-temperature pyrolysis incineration apparatus of claim 1, wherein a temperature sensor is disposed at the inside of the combustion chamber, and a controller comprises an amplifier that amplifies a measurement signal of the temperature sensor, a waveform shaping unit that converts the amplified signal to a digital signal, a counting unit that counts and outputs the waveform-shaped digital signal, a comparator that outputs a signal if an output signal of the counting unit is larger than or equal to a reference level, a calculation unit that outputs a signal when a signal of the comparator is input, and a switching unit that is turned on to drive a fuel pump of the fuel supply device when a signal of the calculation unit is applied.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view of a high-temperature pyrolysis incineration apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

(2) FIG. 2 is an enlarged view illustrating an air-supply tube that is disposed within a combustion chamber of FIG. 1 and a peripheral nozzle thereof.

(3) FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a coupling and mounting structure of a stopper of an upper end portion of an air-supply tube.

(4) FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a structure that is related to a stirring rod of a lower portion of a combustion chamber of FIG. 1.

(5) FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating an automatic closing process of a ball valve according to opening of a lid of FIG. 1.

(6) FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged perspective view illustrating a ball valve configuration of a circulation pipe of FIG. 1.

(7) FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a control circuit for constantly maintaining a temperature of a combustion chamber of a high-temperature pyrolysis incineration apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(8) Hereinafter, an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(9) However, when describing an exemplary embodiment of the present invention in detail, like reference numerals designate like portions that perform similar functions and operations throughout the specification.

(10) Throughout this specification and the claims that follow, when it is described that an element is connected to another element, the element may be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element through a third element.

(11) In addition, unless explicitly described to the contrary, the word comprise and variations such as comprises or comprising will be understood to imply the inclusion of stated elements but not the exclusion of any other elements.

(12) FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view of a high-temperature pyrolysis incineration apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view illustrating an air-supply tube that is disposed within a combustion chamber of FIG. 1 and a peripheral nozzle thereof, FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a coupling and mounting structure of a stopper of an upper end portion of an air-supply tube, FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a structure that is related to a stirring rod of a lower portion of a combustion chamber of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating an automatic closing process of a ball valve according to opening of a lid of FIG. 1, FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged perspective view illustrating a ball valve configuration of a circulation pipe of FIG. 1, and FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a control circuit for constantly maintaining a temperature of a combustion chamber of a high-temperature pyrolysis incineration apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

(13) As shown in FIG. 1, a high-temperature pyrolysis incineration apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a combustion chamber 2, a heat recovery device 4 and a fuel supply device 6 that are installed at a periphery thereof, and a controller 8.

(14) It is preferable that internal and external surfaces of the combustion chamber 2 are produced with a steel sheet in which finishing processing is performed with a heat resistant and acid-resistant material at the center of the inside thereof, an air-supply tube 10 is vertically disposed, and in order to inject an incineration processing material, for example, general household waste or industrial waste into an upper portion, the upper portion thereof is covered to open and close with a lid 12, and at a periphery of an upper portion of the air-supply tube 10, fuel supply pipes 14 for promoting combustion are radially disposed.

(15) It is preferable that the air-supply tube 10 is made of a material that can endure even at a high temperature of 1300 C. or more, and an oxygen inflow amount, a wind pressure, and an injection direction into the combustion chamber 2 are determined by a length and a cross-sectional shape thereof. As shown in FIG. 2, at a location that divides an external circumference thereof into a high portion, a middle portion, and a lower portion, a plurality of air-supply holes 16 are formed along an external circumferential surface, and thus the air-supply tube 10 may supply air to an entire region of a circumferential direction at a location of a high portion, a middle portion, and a lower portion of the combustion chamber 2. The air-supply hole 16 may be installed to have a size, a shape, a directional angle, a number, and a disposition gap that are accurately calculated in order to achieve an object of a high-temperature pyrolysis incineration apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

(16) Further, the fuel supply pipe 14 communicating with the fuel supply device 6 is extended along an inner circumferential surface of the combustion chamber 2 in an upper portion thereof, and in the fuel supply pipe 14, a plurality of fuel ejection nozzles 18 are arranged with an equal interval to supply fuel for combustion into the combustion chamber 2.

(17) As a fuel to use in the present invention, waste oil or a liquefied oil fuel is appropriate.

(18) By enabling an upper end portion of the air-supply tube 10 to be closed and sealed with a stopper 20 rather than being a permanently closed structure, the inside of the air-supply tube 10 may be cleaned. An opening and closing structure of the stopper 20 may adapt a screw fastening method, but in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, a one-touch structure is formed in which a coupling and mounting groove 21 and a cut-out portion 22 are formed at an inner circumferential surface of an upper end portion of the air-supply tube 10, and in which a latch 24 that enters through the cut-out portion 22 to engage with the coupling and mounting groove 21 and to be fastened to the coupling and mounting groove 21 is integrally formed in the stopper 20 to correspond thereto.

(19) Referring again to FIG. 1, a lower end portion of the air-supply tube 10 communicates with a ventilation fan 26 that is installed at the outside of the combustion chamber 2, and in an upper portion of a punching plate 28 that defines the bottom of the combustion chamber 2, a stirring rod 30 is rotatably installed by a bearing portion 32 that supports a lower portion of the air-supply tube 10 with a fixing shaft.

(20) It is preferable that the air-supply tube 10 and the stirring rod 30 are installed in a structure that can be disassembled, and in more detail, as shown in FIG. 4, a lower portion of the air-supply tube 10 is divided into a bottom portion of the combustion chamber 2 and an upper portion thereof, and the bottom portion and the upper portion are connected to be disassembled by a screw-type joint 34, an upper end portion of the bearing portion 32 is formed with a hexagonal convex portion 36, and in a nave of the stirring rod 30 corresponding thereto, a hexagonal recess portion 38 is formed and thus the bearing portion 32 and the stirring rod 30 are installed in a mutual fitting and combination structure.

(21) In this way, when the air-supply tube 10 and the stirring rod 30 are installed in a structure that can be disassembled, components can be easily replaced upon being damaged, and disassembly and cleaning of components can be performed and thus a life-span of the apparatus can be extended.

(22) As the stirring rod 30 has a plurality of holes therein, the stirring rod 30 may have a light weight, and as a contour of an upper portion and a lower portion thereof has a wave shape, an incineration processing material is evenly mixed instead of being cornered to one side and is spread to contact air while stirring, thereby being completely burned in a short time.

(23) Because a pulley 40 is mounted in a lower side end portion that is extended to a lower portion of the punching plate 28, the bearing portion 32 rotates by a driving force that is transferred through a belt 42.

(24) Referring again to FIG. 1, the belt 42 is connected to a driving motor 44 that is disposed at the outside of the combustion chamber 2 to rotate the stirring rod 30.

(25) In an upper portion of the combustion chamber 2, at one side of the lid 12 that is opened and closed to a one-dot-chain line location of the drawings by a pneumatic pressure cylinder 46, a circulation pipe 48 is extended to be again connected to a lower portion of the combustion chamber 2 via the heat recovery device 4, and a feeding fan 50 and a ball valve 52 are installed in the circulation pipe 48 that is located between the lid 12 and the heat recovery device 4.

(26) The feeding fan 50 forcibly transfers hot air of the combustion chamber 2 and promotes a circulation operation in which hot air that is injected through the circulation pipe 48 exchanges heat via the heat recovery device 4 and is returned again to a lower portion of the combustion chamber 2, thereby improving a heat recovery rate.

(27) Further, the ball valve 52 automatically opens and closes the circulation pipe 48 by interlocking while opening and closing the lid 12, and when the lid 12 is opened, the ball valve 52 blocks the circulation pipe 48.

(28) That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the ball valve 52 is attached to one side end of the circulation pipe 48 that is divided into two, and at the opposite side end thereof, a spherical valve body 54 is formed to be inserted into the ball valve 52, while a cap 56 is mounted thereon and is fastened with a rivet or a bolt and a nut and thus a connection state thereof is maintained.

(29) When the circulation pipe 48 that is divided into two is put in a straight line shape, the ball valve 52 having such a configuration is in an open state, and when the pneumatic pressure cylinder 46 opens the lid 12, the ball valve 52 changes posture while being bent with a joint movement, thereby blocking the circulation pipe 48, as shown in FIG. 6.

(30) In a high-temperature pyrolysis incineration apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention having the foregoing configuration, a temperature sensor 58 for measuring a combustion state of the inside of the combustion chamber 2 may be provided, and by controlling the fuel supply device 6 with a value that is obtained by processing a measurement signal that is obtained by the temperature sensor 58 in the controller 8, an internal temperature of the combustion chamber 2 is maintained at 800 C. or more and thus dioxins may not occur upon combustion.

(31) In an example of a circuit configuration of the controller 8 for processing a signal that is measured in the temperature sensor 58, as shown in FIG. 7, an amplifier 60 amplifies a measurement signal, the amplified signal is converted to a digital signal via a waveform shaping unit 62, and a signal that is counted and output in a counting unit 64 is input to a comparator 66. If the signal is larger than or equal to a reference level, when the signal is output and input to a calculation unit 68, the calculation unit 68 turns on a switching unit 70 to enable power to be applied to a fuel pump of the fuel supply device 6 and thus fuel is ejected from the nozzle 18 to promote internal combustion of the combustion chamber 2, thereby raising the temperature thereof.

(32) In a high-temperature pyrolysis incineration apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention having the foregoing configuration, by operating the pneumatic pressure cylinder 46, the lid 12 is opened and an incineration processing material is injected, and in a closed and sealing state in which the lid 12 is closed again, when forcibly transferring external air into the combustion chamber 2 by operating the ventilation fan 26, the outside air is ejected in a circumferential direction from the air-supply tube 10 of the center of the combustion chamber 2 through the air-supply hole 16 that is divided into a high portion, a middle portion, and a lower portion and is uniformly distributed to a corner of the inside of the combustion chamber 2.

(33) In such a state, fuel that is supplied from the fuel supply device 6 is sprayed from the nozzle 18 via the fuel supply pipe 14, and when the inside of the combustion chamber 2 is simultaneously ignited, incineration is started.

(34) While incinerating an incineration processing material, the ventilation fan 26 continuously transfers outside air, and fuel supply through the fuel supply pipe 14 is continued until an internal temperature of the combustion chamber 2 becomes 800 C. or more.

(35) While incineration is started within the combustion chamber 2, the stirring rod 30 starts a rotation, stirs an injected incineration processing material, and enables the incineration processing material to be evenly exposed to fuel and air, thereby enabling the incineration processing material to be completely burned in a short time.

(36) When an incineration processing material, particularly, an incineration processing material having a high moisture content, such as food, vegetable trash, an animal body, a diaper, and medical waste is processed, the incineration processing material is stacked at the bottom of the combustion chamber 2 by a self-load and thus when the internal incineration processing material is not burned, the stirring rod 30 mixes the incineration processing material to enable the internal unburned incineration processing material to be exposed to fuel and air and thus enables even an incineration processing material having a high moisture content to be completely burned in a short time.

(37) By air that is ejected with the number, angle, and size that are respectively calculated through the air-supply hole 16 that is divided into a high portion, a middle portion, and a lower portion at an external circumference of the air-supply tube 10, at the inside of the combustion chamber 2, an air curtain is formed in three layers of a high portion, a middle portion, and a lower portion.

(38) Because the air curtain of three layers suppresses divergence of heat occurring when incinerating an incineration processing material, a temperature of a combustion region rises to a high temperature of 1200 C. in a short time and thus the incineration processing material is clearly incinerated without incomplete combustion, and a vinyl or plastic product as well as an incineration processing material having a high moisture content is completely burned without occurrence of an exhaust gas.

(39) Because incineration processing in a high-temperature pyrolysis incineration apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is performed in a high temperature atmosphere of about 1200 C., the high-temperature pyrolysis incineration apparatus is an environmentally-friendly incineration processing apparatus having no environment contamination that can originally block discharge of a harmful material and an exhaust gas, and because an incineration processing material is completely burned in a short time with incineration at a high temperature, a one-day processing capacity is remarkably increased, compared with an apparatus size, and thus the high-temperature pyrolysis incineration apparatus can be efficiently used.

(40) When an internal temperature becomes 800 C. or more, heat that is generated in the combustion chamber 2 is recovered while representing a heat circulation operation of being supplied to the heat recovery device 4 through the circulation pipe 48 communicating with one side of the lid 12 and returning again to a lower portion of the combustion chamber 2, i.e., a waste heat is recovered.

(41) In this process, when operating the feeding fan 50 that is installed in the circulation pipe 48, circulation of hot air within the combustion chamber 2 is promoted, and thus a waste heat recovery rate can be enhanced.

(42) Further, because ash of an incineration processing material that is completely burned by the stirring rod 30 rotating at the bottom of the combustion chamber 2 is dropped and removed through the punching plate 28, an operator can continuously reinject and incinerate an incineration processing material without necessity to clean the combustion chamber 2 while operating.

(43) In this case, when the lid 12 is opened by the pneumatic pressure cylinder 46, the ball valve 52 automatically blocks the circulation pipe 48 and hot air that is supplied to the heat recovery device 4 does not thus move backward to the inside of the lid 12, so when an incineration processing material is reinjected, the operator does not suffer burns by hot air.

(44) While this invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.