ACTIVE INGREDIENT COMBINATIONS COMPRISING PYRIDYLETHYLBENZAMIDES AND OTHER ACTIVE INGREDIENTS

Abstract

The present invention relates to novel active ingredient combinations which consist of fluopyram and other known active ingredients and are very well suited for the control of animal pests, such as insects and/or unwanted acarids and/or nematodes, in foliar and soil application and/or in the treatment of seeds, and are also suitable for increasing yields.

Claims

1. An active ingredient combination comprising (I) fluopyram or an N-oxide thereof and (II) Rhizobium spp.

2. A method for controlling one or more animal pests, comprising applying the active ingredient combination of claim 1 to leaves, flowers, stems and/or seed of a plant to be protected, to an animal pest and/or a habitat thereof, and/or to soil.

4. The active ingredient combination of claim 1, comprising synergistically effective amounts of the fluopyram and Rhizobium spp.

5. A process for preparing a composition, comprising mixing the active ingredient combination of claim 1 with at least one extender and/or surfactant.

6. A seed having applied thereto the active ingredient combination of claim 1.

7. A method for treating seed comprising contacting said seed with the active ingredient combination of claim 1.

8. A method for treating soil and/or an artificial substrate comprising contacting said soil and/or substrate with the active ingredient combination of claim 1.

9. A method for controlling nematodes that are in soil, comprising contacting the soil with the active ingredient combination of claim 1.

10. The active ingredient combination of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of fluopyram to said Rhizobium spp. is 500:1 to 1:500.

11. The active ingredient combination as defined in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of fluopyram to said Rhizobium spp. is 125:1 to 1:125.

12. The active ingredient combination as defined in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of fluopyram to said Rhizobium spp. is 25:1 to 1:25.

Description

EXAMPLE 1

Myzus Test (Spray Treatment)

Solvent: 78 Parts by Weight of Acetone

[0198] 1.5 parts by weight of dimethylformamide
Emulsifier: 0.5 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether

[0199] A suitable preparation of active ingredient is prepared by mixing one part by weight of active ingredient with the staled amounts of solvent and emulsifier and diluting the concentrate with emulsifier-containing water to the desired concentration. A suitable suspension of biological agent is prepared by dissolving the cells, spores or viruses in emulsifier-containing water in the desired concentration.

[0200] Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis) leaf disks infested by all stages of the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) are sprayed with an active ingredient and/or biological agent preparation in the desired concentration.

[0201] After the desired lime, the effect in % is ascertained. Here, 100% means that all of the aphids have been killed; 0% means that no aphids have been killed. The mortality figures determined are used for calculation according to the Colby formula (see sheet 1).

[0202] In this test, the following combination of fluopyram with a further active ingredient or with a biological agent in accordance with the present specification gave a synergistically boosted activity in comparison to the substances employed individually:

TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 1-1 Myzus persicae test Active ingredient/biological Concentration agents g ai/ha Mortality in % after 1.sup.d Fluopyram 1000 0 5.circle-solid.0 .circle-solid. Imicyafos 67.5 0 found* calc.** Fluopyram + imicyafos 1000 + 67.5 100 0 Pyrethrum 100 80 found* calc.** Fluopyram + pyrethrum 1000 + 100 100 80 Fluensulfone 2000 0 found* calc.** Fluopyram + fluensulfone 500 + 2000 90 0 Paecilomyces lilacinus 5000 .circle-solid. strain 251 found* calc.** Fluopyram + Paecilomyces 1000 + 5000 70 0 lilacinus strain 251 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 2000 .circle-solid. strain FZB 42 found* calc.** Fluopyram + Bacillus 1000 + 2000 90 0 amyloliquefaciens Cydia pomonella granulosis 1000 0 virus (CpGV) found* calc.** Fluopyram + Cydia pomonella 1000 + 1000 70 .circle-solid. granulosis virus (CpGV)

TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 1-2 Myzus persicae test Active ingredient/biological Concentration agents g ai/ha Mortality in % after 6.sup.d Fluopyram 1000 0 500 0 Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. 1000 0 tenebrionis found* calc.** Fluopyram. + Bacillus 1000 + 1000 80 0 thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis Azadirachtin 10.circle-solid. 0 found* calc.** Fluopyram + azadirachtin 1000 + 100 70 0 Metschnikowia fructicola 1000 0 found* calc.** Fluopyram + Metschnikowia 500 + 3000 90 0 fructicola *found = insecticidal action found, **calc. = action calculated by the Colby formula

EXAMPLE 2

[0203] Spodoptera frugiperda Test (Spray Treatment)
Solvent: 78.0 parts by weight of acetone [0204] 1.5 parts by weight of dimethylformamide
Emulsifier 0.5 part by weight of alkylaryl polyglycol ether

[0205] A suitable preparation of active ingredient is prepared by mixing one part by weight of active ingredient with the stated amounts of solvent and emulsifier and diluting the concentrate with emulsifier-containing water to the desired concentration.

[0206] Maize (Zea mays; corn) leaf disks are sprayed with an active ingredient preparation of the desired concentration and, after drying off, are populated with caterpillars of the army worm (Spodoptera frugiperda).

[0207] After the desired time, the effect in % is ascertained. Here, 100% means that all of the caterpillars have been killed, 0% means that no caterpillar has been killed. The mortality figures determined are used for calculation according to the Colby formula (see sheet 1).

[0208] In this test, the following combination of fluopyram and a further active ingredient in accordance with the present specification gave a synergistically boosted activity in comparison to the active ingredients employed individually:

TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 2 Spodoptera frugiperda test Active ingredient/biological Concentration agents g ai/ha Mortality in % after 2.sup.d Fluopyram 1000 0 Pyrethrum 100 33 found* calc.** Fluopyram + pyrethrum 1000 + 100 50 33 * found = insecticidal action found, ** calc. = action calculated by the Colby formula

EXAMPLE 3

Seed TreatmentCotton Emergence Test

[0209] Seed of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is mixed with the desired amount of active ingredient and spores and also water. After drying, 25 seed grains in each case are sown in pots filled with sandy loam.

[0210] After 2 days, the effect in % is ascertained on the basis of the cotton plants that have emerged.

[0211] The following combinations of fluopyram and biological agents gave a better emergence rate in comparison to the substances employed individually and to the untreated control:

TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 3 Cotton emergence Emergence in % in Active ingredient/biological Concentration comparison to agents g ai/kg seed untreated control Control (untreated seed) 100 Fluopyram 1 133 0.5 100 Bacillus subtilis strain GB 03 0.078 158 Fluopyram + B. subtilis 0.5 + 0.078 288 strain GB 03 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 0.15 163 strain FZB 42 0.075 158 Fluopyram. + B. amyloliquefaciens 1.0 + 0.15 225 strain FZB 42 0.5 + 0.075 221 * found = insecticidal action found, ** calc. = action calculated by the Colby formula

EXAMPLE 4

[0212] Meloidogyne incognita Test
Solvent: 125.0 parts by weight of acetone

[0213] A suitable preparation of active ingredient is prepared by mixing one part by weight of active ingredient with the stated amounts of solvent and diluting the concentrate with water to the desired concentration. A spore suspension is prepared by diluting the spores with water to the desired concentration.

[0214] Vessels are filled with sand, active ingredient solution, Meloidogyne incognita egg-and-larvae suspension, and lettuce seeds. The lettuce seeds germinate and the seedlings develop. The galls develop on the roots.

[0215] After the desired time, the nematicidal effect is determined on the basis of gall formation in %. Here, 100% means that no galls have been found; 0% means that the number of galls on the treated plants corresponds to the untreated control. The figures ascertained are used for calculation according to the Colby formula (see sheet 1).

[0216] In this test, the following combination of fluopyram and biological agents in accordance with the present specification gave a synergistically boosted activity in comparison to the active ingredients employed individually:

TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 4 Meloidogyne incognita test Active ingredient/biological Concentration agents in ppm Mortality in % after 21.sup.d Fluopyram .circle-solid..0005 0 Metarhizium anisopliae 5 .circle-solid. strain F52 found* calc.** Fluopyram + M. anisopliae 0.0005 + 5 80 0 strain F52 *found = insecticidal action found, **calc. = action calculated by the Colby formula

EXAMPLE 5

[0217] Glycine maxGrowth Promotion in Combination with Mycorrhiza

[0218] Seed of soya beans (Glycine max) is mixed with the desired amount of active ingredient in water. After drying, the seeds are sown in pots filled with sand and perlite (1:1). For inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi, the sand-perlite mixture is mixed beforehand with the Mycorrhiza inoculum (AMykor GmbH; Germany) in a concentration of 25 ml/L. The seed is covered with 3 cm of Lecaton (expanded clay).

[0219] Over the following 44 days, the plants are cultivated m a greenhouse in good growth conditions. The pots are watered with a nutrient solution (Hoagland and Arnon, 1950, half-concentrated solution) with a low phosphate concentration (20 M).

[0220] The untreated control plants are cultured without arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi, but under the same conditions.

[0221] The growth-promoting effect on shoot and roots is ascertained via the weight of the fresh roots of the treated plant in comparison to the untreated control.

[0222] The following combination of active ingredient and biological agents gives increased root growth in comparison to the ingredients and agents applied individually, and to the control:

TABLE-US-00011 TABLE 5 Plant growth of soya bean Root weight in % in Active ingredient/biological Concentration comparison to agents mg/seed grain untreated control Control 100 Fluopyram 0.1 116.90 Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungus 133.21 Fluopyram + arbuscular 0.1 137.91 mycorrhiza fungus