Roof forming element for a roof of a building, and roof

Abstract

The invention relates to a roof forming element for a roof, comprising a roof plate, a beam integral with the roof plate, such that the integral combination of the roof plate and the beam has an L-shaped cross-section, a cover, and coupling means for coupling the roof forming element to a further, neighbouring element. The roof forming element, at least in a mounted condition of a plurality of such elements, is configured such that the second longitudinal side of the element is arranged to be supported by the first longitudinal side of a further, neighbouring one of said elements, so that the beam of the further roof forming element also supports the roof plate of the roof forming element, and so that the respective roof plate elements of said roof forming element and further roof forming element are flush with respect to each other.

Claims

1. A building having a roof, which roof closes an opening of the building, wherein the roof is at least partly formed by a plurality of roof forming elements which each close a part of said opening, wherein the plurality of roof forming elements is supported by a support structure of the building, which support structure surrounds the opening, each of the plurality of roof forming elements comprising an elongate polymer roof plate having a top plate and a bottom plate parallel to the top plate, which top and bottom plate are integrally interconnected via a plurality of ribs extending in a length direction of the roof plate, a beam which is manufactured as one integral part together with the roof plate, wherein the beam extends in the length direction of the roof plate, is located at a first longitudinal side of the roof plate, and protrudes downwards from the bottom plate of the roof plate, wherein the other, second longitudinal side is free from a second beam protruding downwards from the bottom plate, so that the integral combination of the roof plate and the beam has an L-shaped cross-section, a cover for at least substantially completely covering the top plate at a distance therefrom, so as to define an interior space between the cover and the top plate, wherein the cover comprises at least one cover element which extends over the entire width of the roof plate and over at least part of the length of the roof plate, and coupling means for coupling a first one of the plurality of roof forming elements to a second one of the plurality of roof forming elements, the second roof forming element neighbouring the first roof forming element, wherein a second longitudinal side of the first roof forming element is supported by a first longitudinal side of the second roof forming element, so that the beam of the second roof forming element also supports the roof plate of the first roof forming element, and so that the first roof forming element and second roof forming element are flush with respect to each other, and wherein the respective roof plates of the first and second roof forming elements are flush with respect to each other, wherein a second longitudinal side of a third roof forming element of the plurality of roof forming elements is supported by a first longitudinal side of the first roof forming element, the third roof forming element neighbouring the first roof forming element, the first longitudinal side of the first roof forming element being opposite the second longitudinal side of the first roof forming element, so that the beam of the first roof forming element also supports the roof plate of the third roof forming element, and so that the respective roof plates of the first roof forming element and the third roof forming element are flush with respect to each other, and wherein the plurality of roof forming elements comprises a photovoltaic element in its interior space.

2. The building according to claim 1, wherein the ratio between the height of the beam and the width of the first roof plate element is in the range of 1:15 to 1:1.

3. The building according to claim 2, wherein the ratio between the height of the beam and the width of first roof plate element is in the range of 1:8 to 1:3.

4. The building according to claim 1, wherein the coupling means couple the second longitudinal side of the first roof forming element to the first longitudinal side of the second roof forming element.

5. The building according to claim 4, wherein the roof plate of the first roof forming element has a rib at the first longitudinal side of the roof plate of the first roof forming element, on top of the top plate of the roof plate of the first roof forming element, and has a flange element at the second longitudinal side of the roof plate of the first roof forming element, which is arranged to overlap a rib of the second roof forming element connected to the first roof forming element.

6. The building according to claim 1, wherein the roof plate of the first roof forming element comprises an intermediate plate between the top plate and the bottom plate, wherein the intermediate plate is integrally interconnected to the top plate as well as to the bottom plate via a plurality of ribs extending in length direction of the roof plate of the first roof forming element.

7. The building according to claim 1, wherein the cover seals the interior space from the outside at the longitudinal sides of the first roof forming element, wherein the first roof forming element comprises a respective closing element at both its end faces seen in the length direction, extending between the roof plate of the first roof forming element and the cover, for sealing the interior space of the first roof forming element at the respective end face.

8. The building according to claim 1, wherein the integral combination of the roof plate of the first roof forming element and the beam is at least substantially made of a polymer.

9. The building according to claim 8, wherein the integral combination of the roof plate of the first roof forming element and the beam is at least substantially made of a glass fibre reinforced polypropylene.

10. The building according to claim 1, wherein the cover is light transparent to such an extent that in use electrical power is generated by the photovoltaic element due to incident sunlight.

11. The building according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of ceiling plates, wherein each of the ceiling plates is connected to a free end of the beam of at least two neighbouring roof forming elements, so as to form a ceiling for an interior space of the building underneath the roof.

12. The building according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of roof forming elements has a length which is about equal to a length of the roof and each have a width which is a part of a width of the roof, wherein the plurality of roof forming elements are interconnected such that they close the entire opening in the building.

13. The building according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of roof forming elements has a length which is about equal to a length of the roof and each have a width which is a part of a width of the roof, wherein the plurality of roof forming elements are interconnected, wherein the roof also comprises a further roof forming element having the roof plate of the first roof forming element and the cover but is free from a beam at its first longitudinal side, which further roof forming element is interconnected to one of the outer ones of the interconnected roof forming elements at the first longitudinal side of that outer roof forming element, wherein the opening is closed entirely by the further roof forming element and the plurality of roof forming elements.

14. The building according to claim 1, wherein the roof is a pitched roof, wherein the opening closed by the roof is bounded by a ridge and a building wall, which define the length of the roof, and by further opposite building walls, which define a width of the roof.

15. The building according to claim 1, wherein the cover of that at least one roof forming element is light transparent to such an extent that in use electrical power is generated by the photovoltaic element due to incident sunlight.

16. The building according to claim 1, wherein the elongate polymer roof plate of the first roof forming element is an extruded, elongate polymer roof plate of the first roof forming element; and wherein the beam is an extruded beam integral with the extruded, elongate polymer roof plate of the first roof forming element.

17. A building having a roof, which roof closes an opening of the building, wherein the roof is at least partly formed by a plurality of roof forming elements which each close a part of said opening, wherein the plurality of roof forming elements is supported by a support structure of the building, which support structure surrounds the opening, each of the plurality of roof forming elements comprising an elongate polymer roof plate having a top plate and a bottom plate parallel to the top plate, which top and bottom plate are integrally interconnected via a plurality of ribs extending in a length direction of the roof plate, a beam which is manufactured as one integral part together with the roof plate, wherein the beam extends in the length direction of the roof plate, is located at a first longitudinal side of the roof plate, and protrudes downwards from the bottom plate of the roof plate, wherein the other, second longitudinal side is free from a second beam protruding downwards from the bottom plate, so that the integral combination of the roof plate and the beam has an L-shaped cross-section, a cover for at least substantially completely covering the top plate at a distance therefrom, so as to define an interior space between the cover and the top plate, wherein the cover comprises at least one cover element which extends over the entire width of the roof plate and over at least part of the length of the roof plate, and coupling means for coupling a first one of the plurality of roof forming elements to a second one of the plurality of roof forming elements, the second roof forming element neighbouring the first roof forming element, wherein a second longitudinal side of the first roof forming element is supported by a first longitudinal side of the second roof forming element, so that the beam of the second roof forming element also supports the roof plate of the first roof forming element, and so that the first roof forming element and second roof forming element are flush with respect to each other, and wherein the respective roof plates of the first and second roof forming elements are flush with respect to each other; wherein a second longitudinal side of a third roof forming element of the plurality of roof forming elements is supported by a first longitudinal side of the first roof forming element, the third roof forming element neighbouring the first roof forming element, the first longitudinal side of the first roof forming element being opposite the second longitudinal side of the first roof forming element, so that the beam of the first roof forming element also supports the roof plate of the third roof forming element, and so that the respective roof plates of the first roof forming element and the third roof forming element are flush with respect to each other; wherein the integral combination of the roof plate and the beam is at least substantially made of a polymer; wherein the ratio between the height of the beam and the width of roof plate element is in the range of 1:15 to 1:1; and wherein the plurality of roof forming elements comprises a photovoltaic element in its interior space.

Description

(1) The present invention will now be explained in more detail by a description of preferred embodiments of a roof forming element and of a roof according to the present invention, with reference to the enclosed schematic figures, in which:

(2) FIG. 1 shows in three-dimensional, exploded view a first embodiment of a roof forming element according to the invention,

(3) FIG. 2 shows in three-dimensional view a part of two roof forming elements according to FIG. 1, in interconnected condition,

(4) FIG. 3 shows a front view of the roof forming elements according to FIG. 1,

(5) FIG. 4 shows a front view of the two roof forming elements in interconnected condition according to FIG. 2,

(6) FIG. 5 shows in three-dimensional view a part of a second embodiment of a roof forming element according to the invention,

(7) FIG. 6 shows in three-dimensional view a part of two roof forming elements according to FIG. 5, in interconnected condition,

(8) FIG. 7 shows in three-dimensional view a part of two roof forming elements according to a third embodiment of the invention, in interconnected condition,

(9) FIG. 8 shows in three-dimensional, exploded view a part of a first embodiment of a roof according to the invention, comprising roof forming elements according to the third embodiment as shown in FIG. 7,

(10) FIG. 9 shows a cross section of a part of the first embodiment of the roof according to the invention,

(11) FIG. 10a shows in three-dimensional view a second embodiment of a roof according to the invention, comprising roof forming elements according to the second embodiment, and.

(12) FIG. 10b shows in three-dimensional view a third embodiment of a roof according to the invention, comprising roof forming elements according to the first embodiment.

(13) FIG. 1 shows a roof forming element 1 in exploded view. FIG. 5 shows a roof forming element 100. The roof forming elements 1, 100 and also other embodiments of roof forming elements described in the remainder of this description, are intended to be used for forming a roof of a building with a plurality of such elements. Said plurality of roof forming elements close an opening of the building of which the roof forms part. See FIGS. 10a and 10b for examples of a roof 3, 103 according to the invention, during the construction process of the roof. At the left side of FIGS. 10a, 10b a completed roof according to the invention, of a further building, is shown. The opening 6 of a building 2, at least in the examples of FIGS. 10a and 10b, is defined by a front wall 4 and a ridge beam 9, and by two opposite side walls 5a and 5b. The roof 3, 103 is a pitched roof, extending from the front wall 4, or at least from a lower extremity, to a ridge 9, or at least a higher extremity, being supported by said walls 5a, 5b forming a support structure for the roof 3, 103. The opening 6 is free from any support elements such as rafters and purlins. In an embodiment, the opening may have one or more purlins, for the purpose of forming a connection between the side walls.

(14) If in the below description a number is given the addition this is only done for the purpose of a clear description of the invention as to the mutual connection of parts. The parts, for example 100, 100, are actually identical to each other.

(15) Each of the roof forming elements comprises an elongate integral extruded combination 10 of a roof plate 11 and a beam 12. The roof plate 11 has a top plate 14 and a bottom plate 16 parallel to the top plate 14. See also FIG. 3. The roof plate 11 further has an intermediate plate 20 between the top plate 14 and the bottom plate 16, wherein the intermediate plate 20 is integrally interconnected to the top plate 14 as well as to the bottom plate 16 via a plurality of ribs 21 and 22 respectively, extending in length direction 8, i.e. extrusion direction of the roof plate 11.

(16) The beam 12 extends in the length direction of the roof plate 11 and is located at a first longitudinal side 24 of the roof plate 11. It protrudes downwards from the bottom plate 16 of the roof plate, having a height h of 15 cm., at least in the present example. The width w of the roof plate 11 is 70 cm., at least in the present example. The ratio of height h:width w depends on the requirements of a specific roof to be formed using said roof forming element 1.

(17) A second longitudinal side 26 of the roof plate 11 is free from such a beam protruding downwards from the bottom plate. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 in particular, the integral combination 10 of the roof plate 11 and the beam 12 has an L-shaped cross-section. The roof forming element has a length l but may, in dependence of the relevant dimension of a building opening to be spanned, longer or shorter.

(18) The first longitudinal side 24 is provided with a groove 30 facing upwards, in the length direction. The second longitudinal side 26 has a rib 32 facing downwards, also in the length direction. The groove 30 and rib 32 are configured such that the rib 32 of a further roof forming element, being the same as the roof forming element 1, can be received in the groove 30 of the roof forming element 1, such that the roof forming element 1 supports said further element at that location. This means that the beam 12 of the roof forming element 1 also supports the roof plate of said further roof forming element. The roof forming element 1, more specifically said rib 32 and groove 30, is configured such that in coupled condition to a further, neighbouring roof forming element as described, the respective roof plates of said roof forming element 1 and said further roof forming elements are flush with respect to each other. See also FIGS. 3 and 4. Said groove 30 and rib 32 are part of coupling means for coupling the roof forming element to a further, neighbouring roof forming element.

(19) The roof forming element 1 also has a cover 40 for at least substantially completely covering the top plate 14 at a distance therefrom, so as to define an interior space 44 between the cover 40 and the top plate 14 closed from external influences. The cover 40 extends over the entire width of the roof plate 11 and over the length l of the roof plate 11. The cover 40 is corrugated and closes the interior space 44. The cover 40 protects the interior space 44 from external influences, such as precipitation, at the longitudinal sides of the roof forming element 1, wherein the roof forming element 1 may comprise a closing element (not shown) at both its end faces seen in the length direction, extending between the roof plate and the cover, for sealing the interior space of the roof forming element at the respective end face. At the top end face of the roof forming element, at least when used for forming a pitched roof, may also be closed by a ridge beam functioning as closing element.

(20) The cover has a wall portion 46 at a first longitudinal side 47. The wall portion 46 is received in a groove 49 at the second longitudinal side 26 of the roof forming element 1 disposed left from the element 1 the element 1, see FIG. 4. Alternatively, the wall portion 46 may be received in a groove 49a of an end piece 13 in case element 1 is the most left element in a row of such elements, see FIG. 3. In coupled, i.e. interconnected condition of two or more roof forming elements 1, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the wall portion 46 of the cover 40 of a first one of the roof forming elements 1 supports the second longitudinal side 48 of the cover 40 of a further, neighbouring one 1 of the roof forming elements 1, 1. Said second longitudinal side 48 overlaps the first longitudinal side 47 of the neighbouring cover 40. This way, a connection between said two adjacent elements 1, 1 is not only provided by the above described groove 30 and rib 32 but also by the wall 46 and side 48 of covers 40 of the adjacent elements 1, 1. In order to clarify the invention, FIGS. 3 and 4 also show and end piece 15 at the second longitudinal side 26 of the most right element 1 in a row of such elements. The end piece 15 supports the second longitudinal side 48 of the cover of element 1. Also shown is an end beam 17, supporting the second longitudinal side of the element 1.

(21) The roof plate 11 of the roof forming element 1 has a rib 50 at the first longitudinal side 24 of the roof plate 11, on top of the top plate 14. The roof plate also has a flange element 52 at the second longitudinal side of the roof plate 11, which is arranged to overlap, or, hook over, the rib 50 of a further, neighbouring roof forming element coupled to the roof forming element 1.

(22) The integral combination 10 of the roof plate 11 and the beam 12 is at least substantially made of glass fibre reinforced polypropylene, preferably PP-LGF.

(23) The roof forming element 1 also comprises a photovoltaic element 60 in its interior space 44. The cover 40 is light transparent to such an extent that in use electrical power can be generated by the photovoltaic element 60 due to incident sunlight. The photovoltaic element 60 covers about the entire surface of the roof plate 11. Alternatively, part of said surface may be covered with a photovoltaic element. When in use, some or all of the plurality of roof forming elements forming the roof may not have a photovoltaic element. The amount of photovoltaic elements in the plurality of roof forming elements may be chosen based on for example the desired total combined amount of electrical energy to be generated by the photovoltaic elements.

(24) The roof forming elements 1 are configured to extend in one piece from the lower extremity to the higher extremity of an opening of the building in the absence of any other support structure in the opening. The beams 12 provide the required bending stiffness of the roof forming elements 1. The plurality of roof forming elements 1 are coupled to each other. The roof also comprises an additional roof element having the roof plate and the cover but being free from a beam at its first longitudinal side, which additional roof element is coupled to one of the outer ones of the mutually coupled roof forming elements at the first longitudinal side of that outer roof forming element, wherein the opening is closed entirely by the additional roof element and the plurality of roof forming elements.

(25) A roof formed from a plurality of elements 1 may comprise a plurality of ceiling plates 80, each covering the space between two neighbouring beams 12 of two respective neighbouring roof forming elements 1, being connected to a free end of said beams, preferably by means of a snap/lock connection. The ceiling plates are also extruded, at least in the present example. As a result, a ceiling is formed for an interior space of the building underneath the roof. Optionally, insulation material 81 may be provided in said space between the ceiling panel 80 and the roof plate 11.

(26) In the example according to FIG. 10b, showing a roof 3 during assembly, the opening 6 is closed by a plurality of interconnected roof forming elements 1 each extending in vertical direction and spanning the opening 6 between the front wall 4, or at least the gutter, and the ridge 9. The elements 1 are partly shown.

(27) FIG. 5 shows a roof forming element 100 as an alternative embodiment of a roof forming element according to the invention. The roof forming element 100 is identical to the roof forming element 1, except for the cover 140 and for the end piece 115. Roof forming element 100 has a cover 140 also having a roof tile pattern, but now in width direction of the roof forming element 100. This means that a plurality of such elements 100 are to be provided in the building opening such that they extend in a horizontal direction. The end piece 115 is designed to follow the interior contour of the cover 140. In the example according to FIG. 10a, showing a roof 103 during assembly, the opening 6 is closed by a plurality of interconnected roof forming elements 100 each extending in horizontal direction and spanning the opening 6 between the side walls 5a, 5b.

(28) FIG. 7 shows two roof forming elements 200, 200, interconnected, which roof forming elements 200 are an alternative embodiment of roof forming elements according to the invention. The roof forming element 200, 200 is identical to the roof forming element 1, 100, except for the cover. Roof forming element 200, 200 has a cover 240 in the form of a glass plate being placed on top of the roof plate 11 such that it is at a distance in the range of about 1 mm. to about 5 cm. from the top plate 14. It defines an interior space 44 between the top plate 14 and the glass plate 240 in which interior space a photovoltaic element 60 is provided. At the first longitudinal side, the cover 240 is overlapped by the flange 52 element of a further, neighbouring roof forming element, as shown in FIG. 5. Optionally, the above mentioned groove 49 may be closed by a closing strip, or may be absent at all.

(29) FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 show a part of an industrial roof 102 comprising a plurality of roof forming elements 200. The roof has a plurality of mutually identical, spaced apart support beams 190, made of a polymer such as polycarbonate. At least in the present example, the support beams are transparent to such an extent that daylight can pass trough the support beams to the interior of the building. The beams 190 are extruded and have a flat bottom portion 193, a first wall part 191 at the one longitudinal side and the second wall part 192 opposite the first wall part 191 at the other longitudinal side of the bottom portion 193. The first wall part 191 is of greater height and supports the beam 12 of a roof forming element. The second wall part 192 of a neighbouring support beam 190, less high than the first wall part 191, supports that same roof forming element 200 at its second longitudinal side 26. As a result, the roof plate 11 of the roof forming element 200 is oriented under an angle with respect to the horizontal, or, with respect to the bottom plate 193 of the support beam 190. The beams 190 as well as the roof forming elements 200 preferably extend over the entire opening of the building covered by the roof 102. Of course elements 100 may be used alternatively to or in combination with elements 200.