MULTILAYER TUBULAR STRUCTURE HAVING BETTER RESISTANCE TO EXTRACTION IN BIOFUEL AND USE THEREOF

Abstract

Provided is a method of determining whether a multilayer tubular structure (MLT) satisfies an extractables test by filling the multilayer tubular structure MLT with an alcohol-containing petrol of FAM B type to obtain a filled MLT and measuring the amount of extractable material. The MLT satisfies the extractables test when the residue of the filtrate is less than or equal to 6 g/m.sup.2 of the inner surface area of the MLT.

Claims

1-26: (canceled)

27. A method of determining whether a multilayer tubular structure (MLT) satisfies an extractables test, comprising: (a) determining an inner surface area of the MLT; (b) filling the multilayer tubular structure MLT with an alcohol-containing petrol of FAM B type to obtain a filled MLT; (c) heating the filled MLT at 60 C. for 96 hours; (d) emptying the MLT by filtering the alcohol-containing petrol into a beaker to obtain a filtrate; (e) leaving the filtrate to evaporate at room temperature to obtain a residue; and (f) weighing the residue of the filtrate, wherein the MLT satisfies the extractables test when the residue of the filtrate is less than or equal to 6 g/m.sup.2 of the inner surface area of the MLT; wherein the MLT comprises from the outside inwards: at least one first barrier layer; at least one inner layer located below the first barrier layer; and optional layers located below the first barrier layer, wherein the first barrier layer comprises EVOH or PPA; the inner layer and the optional layers located below the first barrier layer comprise from 0 to 1.5% by weight of plasticizer relative to the total weight of the inner layer and the optional layers located below the first barrier layer; and the inner layer comprises at least one aliphatic polyamide of aliphatic type or comprises more than 75% of aliphatic units, wherein the aliphatic polyamide is selected from the group consisting of a polyamide denoted A, having a mean number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom, denoted C.sub.A, of from 4 to 8.5, a polyamide denoted B, having a mean number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom, denoted C.sub.B, of from 7 to 10, and a polyamide denoted C, having a mean number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom, denoted C.sub.C, of from 9 to 18, with the proviso that when the inner layer comprises at least three polyamides, at least one of said polyamides A, B, and C is excluded.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein the residue of the filtrate is less than or equal to 6 g/m.sup.2 of the inner surface area of the MLT.

29. The method of claim 27, wherein the residue of the filtrate is greater than 6 g/m.sup.2 of the inner surface area of the MLT.

30. The method of claim 27, wherein the inner layer and the optional layers located below the first barrier layer, do not comprise plasticizer.

31. The method of claim 27, wherein at least one first outer layer is present and wherein the outer layer is located further outwards, above the first barrier layer, wherein the at least one first outer layer comprises at least one aliphatic polyamide of aliphatic type or comprising more than 75% of aliphatic units, and wherein the aliphatic polyamide has a mean number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom of from 9.5 to 18.

32. The method of claim 31, wherein the at least one first outer layer comprises from 0 to 15% of plasticizer relative to the total weight of the composition of the at least one first outer layer.

33. The method of claim 31, wherein at least one second outer layer located above the barrier layer is present, and is located above the at least one first outer layer wherein the at least one second outer layer comprises plasticizer in a proportion from 1.5% to 15% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition of the at least one second outer layer, and the thickness of the at least one second outer layer comprises up to 20% of the total thickness of the multilayer tubular structure.

34. The method of claim 33, wherein the at least one second outer layer is the outermost layer and wherein the at least one second outer layer is the only layer that comprises plasticizer.

35. The method of claim 31, wherein at least one first binder layer is present, wherein the first binder layer contains at most 15% by weight of plasticizer relative to the total weight of the constituents of the first binder layer wherein the first binder layer comprises at least one aliphatic polyamide of aliphatic type or comprising more than 75% of aliphatic units, wherein the aliphatic polyamide is selected from the group consisting of a polyamide denoted A, having a mean number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom, denoted C.sub.A, of from 4 to 8.5, a polyamide denoted B, having a mean number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom, denoted C.sub.B, of from 7 to 10, and a polyamide denoted C, having a mean number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom, denoted C.sub.C, of from 9 to 18, with the proviso that when the first binder layer comprises at least three polyamides, at least one of the polyamides A, B and C is excluded; wherein the first binder layer is located between the first barrier layer and the inner layer or between the first outer layer and the first barrier layer; and wherein the thickness of the first binder layer comprises at most 15% of the total thickness of the multilayer tubular structure (MLT).

36. The method of claim 35, wherein a second binder layer is present, and wherein the second binder layer comprises at least one aliphatic polyamide of aliphatic type or comprising more than 75% of aliphatic units, wherein the aliphatic polyamide is selected from the group consisting of a polyamide denoted A, having a mean number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom, denoted C.sub.A, of from 4 to 8.5, a polyamide denoted B, having a mean number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom, denoted C.sub.B, of from 7 to 10, and a polyamide denoted C, having a mean number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom, denoted C.sub.C, of from 9 to 18; with the proviso that when the second barrier layer comprises at least three polyamides, at least one of the polyamides A, B, and C is excluded, or the second binder layer is comprised of binder, wherein the thickness of the second binder layer represents at most 15% of the multilayer tubular structure (MLT), with the proviso that the at least one polyamide of the second binder layer is identical or different from the polyamide of the first binder layer; and wherein the second binder layer is located between the outer layer and the first barrier layer and wherein the first binder layer is located between the first barrier layer and the inner layer.

37. The method of claim 31, wherein the polyamide of the inner layer is a totally aliphatic polyamide or the polyamide of the first outer layer is a totally aliphatic polyamide or the polyamide of the inner layer and the polyamide of the first outer layer are both totally aliphatic polyamides.

38. The method of claim 27, further comprising a second barrier layer wherein the second barrier layer may be located adjacent to, or located not adjacent to, the first barrier layer, and wherein the second barrier layer is located below the first barrier layer.

39. The method of claim 27, wherein the first barrier layer comprises EVOH and the EVOH comprises up to 27% of ethylene.

40. The method of claim 27, wherein the first barrier layer comprises EVOH, and wherein the EVOH further comprises an impact modifier.

41. The method of claim 38, wherein the first barrier layer comprises EVOH and the second barrier layer comprises PPA or fluoropolymer.

42. The method of claim 27, wherein the polyamide of the inner layer is selected from A, B, or C, and wherein the polyamides A, B, or C are selected from the group consisting of PA6, PA66, PA6/66, PA11, PA610, PA612, PA1012, the corresponding copolyamides thereof, and mixtures thereof.

43. The method of claim 31, wherein the polyamide of the first outer layer is selected from B or C, and wherein the polyamide B or C is selected from the group consisting of PA11, PA12, PA610, PA612, PA1012, the corresponding copolyamides thereof, and mixtures thereof.

44. The method of claim 31, wherein the polyamide of the inner layer is selected from A, B, or C, wherein the polyamide A, B, or C is selected from the group consisting of PA6, PA66, PA6/66, PA11, PA610, PA612, PA1012, the corresponding copolyamides, and mixtures thereof; and wherein the polyamide of the first outer layer is selected from B or C, wherein B or C is selected from the group consisting of PA11, PA12, PA610, PA612, PA1012, the corresponding copolyamides and mixtures of mixtures thereof.

45. The method of claim 27, wherein the polyamide of at least one of the layers is a conductive polyamide.

46. The method of claim 36, wherein the polyamide of at least one of the first binder layer or the second binder layer is selected from binary mixtures: PA6 and PA12, PA6 and PA612, PA6 and PA610, PA12 and PA612, PA12 and PA610, PA1010 and PA612, PA1010 and PA610, PA1012 and PA612, PA1012, and PA610; or the ternary mixtures: PA6, PA610, and PA12; PA6, PA612, and PA12; PA6, PA614, and PA12.

47. The method of claim 36, wherein at least one of the inner layer, the first outer layer, the first binder layer, or the second binder layer comprises at least one of an impact modifier and at least one other additive.

48. The method of claim 31, wherein the multilayer structure comprises three layers in the following order, from outside to inside: the first outer layer, the first barrier layer, the inner layer; wherein the outer layer and the inner layer each comprise at most 1.5% by weight of plasticizer relative to the total weight of the composition of each layer.

49. The method of claim 33, wherein the structure comprises four layers in the following order, from outside to inside: the second outer layer, the first outer layer, the first barrier layer, the inner layer; wherein the inner layer and the first outer layer each contains at most 1.5% by weight of plasticizer relative to the total weight of the composition of each layer.

50. The method of claim 38, wherein the structure comprises five layers in the following order from outside to inside: a second outer layer, the first outer layer, the first barrier layer, the second barrier layer, the inner layer; wherein the first barrier layer comprises EVOH, the second barrier layer comprises PPA, and wherein the inner layer comprises at most 1.5% by weight of plasticizer relative to the total weight of the composition of each layer; or wherein the structure comprises five layers in the following order from outside to inside: a second outer layer, first outer layer, first barrier layer, inner layer, second barrier layer; wherein the first barrier layer comprises EVOH, the second barrier layer comprises PPA, the inner layer comprises at most 1.5% by weight of plasticizer relative to the total weight of the composition of each layer; or wherein the structure comprises five layers in the following order from outside to inside: the second outer layer, the second binder layer, the first barrier layer, the first binder layer, the inner layer; and wherein the first outer layer comprises at least one aliphatic polyamide of aliphatic type or comprises more than 75% of aliphatic units, wherein the aliphatic polyamide has a mean number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom of from 9.5 to 18, and each of the inner layer and the first binder layer comprise at most 1.5% by weight of plasticizer relative to the total weight of the composition of each layer.

51. The method of claim 36, wherein the structure comprises six layers in the following order from outside to inside: a second outer layer, the first outer layer, the second binder layer, the first barrier layer, the first binder layer, the inner layer, wherein the second outer layer comprises from 1.5% to 15% plasticizer by weight relative to the total weight of the composition of the second outer layer, and the thickness of the second outer layer comprises up to 20% of the total thickness of the multilayer tubular structure, and the thickness of the second outer layer is up to 200 m and wherein the layer inner layer and the first binder layer each comprise at most 1.5% by weight of plasticizer relative to the total weight of the composition of each layer.

52. The method of claim 27, wherein the at least one aliphatic polyamide includes two aliphatic polyamides selected from the group consisting of a polyamide denoted A, having a mean number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom, denoted C.sub.A, of from 4 to 8.5, a polyamide denoted B, having a mean number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom, denoted C.sub.B, of from 7 to 10, and a polyamide denoted C, having a mean number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom, denoted C.sub.C, of from 9 to 18.

53. The method of claim 27, wherein the inner layer and the optional layers located below the first barrier layer, do not comprise plasticizer; at least one first outer layer is present and wherein the outer layer is located further outwards, above the first barrier layer, wherein the at least one first outer layer comprises at least one aliphatic polyamide of aliphatic type or comprising more than 75% of aliphatic units, wherein the aliphatic polyamide has a mean number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom of from 9.5 to 18; and at least one second outer layer located above the barrier layer is present, and is located above the at least one first outer layer wherein the at least one second outer layer comprises plasticizer in a proportion from 1.5% to 15% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition of the at least one second outer layer, and the thickness of the at least one second outer layer comprises up to 20% of the total thickness of the multilayer tubular structure.

54. A method of determining the amount of extractables from a multilayer tubular structure (MLT), comprising: (a) determining an inner surface area of the MLT; (b) filling the multilayer tubular structure MLT with an alcohol-containing petrol of FAM B type to obtain a filled MLT; (c) heating the filled MLT at 60 C. for 96 hours; (d) emptying the MLT by filtering the alcohol-containing petrol into a beaker to obtain a filtrate; (e) leaving the filtrate to evaporate at room temperature to obtain a residue; and (f) weighing the residue of the filtrate, wherein the MLT comprises from the outside inwards: at least one first barrier layer; at least one inner layer located below the first barrier layer; and optional layers located below the first barrier layer, wherein the first barrier layer comprises EVOH or PPA; the inner layer and the optional layers located below the first barrier layer comprise from 0 to 1.5% by weight of plasticizer relative to the total weight of the inner layer and the optional layers located below the first barrier layer; and the inner layer comprises at least one aliphatic polyamide of aliphatic type or comprises more than 75% of aliphatic units, wherein the aliphatic polyamide is selected from the group consisting of a polyamide denoted A, having a mean number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom, denoted C.sub.A, of from 4 to 8.5, a polyamide denoted B, having a mean number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom, denoted C.sub.B, of from 7 to 10, and a polyamide denoted C, having a mean number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom, denoted C.sub.C, of from 9 to 18, with the proviso that when the inner layer comprises at least three polyamides, at least one of said polyamides A, B, and C is excluded.

Description

EXAMPLES

[0167] The invention will now be described in more detail by means of the following non-limiting examples.

[0168] The following structures were prepared by extrusion: The multilayer tubes are produced by coextrusion. A McNeil multilayer extrusion industrial line is used, equipped with 5 extruders connected to a multilayer extrusion head with spiral mandrels.

[0169] The screws used are single extrusion screws having screw profiles adapted to the polyamides. In addition to the 5 extruders and the multilayer extrusion head, the extrusion line comprises: [0170] a die-punch assembly, located at the end of the coextrusion head; the inside diameter of the die and the outside diameter of the punch are chosen as a function of the structure to be made and of the materials of which it is composed, and also as a function of dimensions of the pipe and of the line speed; [0171] a vacuum tank with an adjustable level of vacuum. In this tank circulates water maintained in general at 20 C., into which is immersed a gauge for conforming the tube to its final dimensions. The diameter of the gauge is adapted to the dimensions of the tube to be made, typically from 8.5 to 10 mm for a tube with an outside diameter of 8 mm and a thickness of 1 mm; [0172] a succession of cooling tanks in which water is maintained at about 20 C., for cooling the tube along the path from the drawing head to the drawing bench; [0173] a diameter measurer; [0174] a drawing bench.

[0175] The configuration with 5 extruders is used to make tubes ranging from 2 layers to 5 layers. In the case of the structures in which the number of layers is less than 5, several extruders are then fed with the same material.

[0176] In the case of the structures comprising 6 layers, an additional extruder is connected and a spiral mandrel is added to the existing head, with a view to producing the inner layer in contact with the fluid.

[0177] Before the tests, in order to ensure the best properties for the tube and a good extrusion quality, it is verified that the extruded materials have a residual moisture content before extrusion of less than 0.08%. If this is not the case, an additional step of drying the material before the tests is carried out, generally in a vacuum dryer, overnight at 80 C.

[0178] The tubes, which satisfy the characteristics described in the present patent application, were taken, after stabilization of the extrusion parameters, the nominal dimensions of the tubes no longer changing over time. The diameter is monitored by a laser diameter measurer installed at the end of the line.

[0179] Generally, the line speed is typically 20 m/min. It generally varies between 5 and 100 m/min.

[0180] The speed of the extruder screws depends on the thickness of the layer and on the diameter of the screw, as is known to those skilled in the art.

[0181] In general, the temperature of the extruders and tools (head and joint) should be set so as to be sufficiently higher than the melting point of the compositions under consideration, such that they remain in the molten state, thus preventing them from solidifying and blocking the machine.

[0182] The tubular structures were tested on different parameters (Table I).

[0183] The amount of extractables was determined and the barrier, and also impact and bursting strength properties were evaluated. Table II indicates the tests used and the classification of the results.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE I Bursting Examples and counter-examples Extractables Barrier Impact strength (1) Counter-example 1: >50 Good Good Good PA12-TL/binder/EVOH/binder/ PA12-TL 400/50/150/50/350 m Counter-example 2: >50 Good Good Good PA12-TL/binder/EVOH/binder- Noplast/PA12-TL 400/50/150/50/350 m Counter-example 3: >50 Good Good Good PA12-NoPlast/binder-NoPlast/ EVOH/binder-NoPlast/PA12-TL 400/50/150/50/350 m Counter-example 4: >30 Good Good Good PA12-NoPlast/binder-NoPlast/ EVOH/binder-no-plast/PA11-TL 400/50/150/50/350 m Counter-example 5: >30 Good Good Good PA12-NoPlast/binder-NoPlast/ EVOH/binder-no-plast/PA610- TL 400/50/150/50/350 m Ex. 1: PA12-NoPlast/binder- <5.5 Good Good Good NoPlast/EVOH/binder-NoPlast/ PA610-NoPlast 400/50/150/50/350 m Ex. 2: PA12-NoPlast/binder- <6 Good Good Good NoPlast/EVOH/binder-NoPlast/ PA612-NoPlast 400/50/150/50/350 m Ex. 3 PA12-NoPlast/binder- <6 Good Good Good NoPlast/EVOH/binder-NoPlast/ coPA612-6T-NoPlast 400/50/150/50/350 m Ex. 4 PA12-NoPlast/binder- <6 Good Good Good NoPlast/EVOH/PA6-NoPlast 400/50/150/400 m Ex. 5 PA12-NoPlast/binder- <5.5 Good Good Good NoPlast/EVOH/PA610-NoPlast 400/50/150/400 m Ex. 6 PA610-NoPlast/EVOH/ <5.5 Good Borderline Very PA610-NoPlast good 450/150/400 m Ex. 7 PA11-TL/PA610- <5.5 Good Good Very NoPlast/EVOH/PA610-NoPlast good 150/300/150/400 m Ex. 8 PA11-TL/PA610- <5.5 Good Very good Very NoPlast/EVOH/PA610-NoPlast/ good PA11-NoPlast 150/300/150/250/150 m Ex. 9 PA12-NoPlast/binder- <4.6 Good Borderline Good NoPlast/EVOH/binder-NoPlast/ PA610-NoPlast 550/50/150/50/200 m Ex. 10 PA12-NoPlast/binder- <5.5 Very good Good Good NoPlast/EVOH24/binder- NoPlast/PA610-NoPlast 400/50/150/50/350 m Ex. 11 PA12-NoPlast/binder- <4.5 Good Good Good NoPlast/EVOHhi/binder- NoPlast/PA610-NoPlast (550/50/150/50/200 m) Ex. 12 PA12-TL/binder/ <5.5 Good Good Good EVOHhi/binder-NoPlast/ PA610-NoPlast 550/50/150/50/200 m Ex. 13 PA12-TL/binder2/ <5.5 Good Good Good EVOHhi/binder2-NoPlast/ PA610-NoPlast 550/50/150/50/200 m Ex. 14 PA12-TL/binder/ <6 Good Good Good EVOHhi/binder-NoPlast/ PA612-NoPlast 550/50/150/50/200 m Ex. 15 PA12-TL/PPA10T/ <5 Borderline Good Good PA11-NoPlast 600/250/150 m Ex. 16 PA12-TL/binder/EVOH/ <3 Very good Good Very PA610-NoPlast/PPA10T good 350/50/100/400/100 m Ex. 17 PA12-TL/binder/EVOH/ <5.5 Very good Good Very PPA10T/PA610-NoPlast good 350/50/100/100/400 m Ex. 18 PA12-TL/binder/EVOH/ <3 Very good Good Very PA610-NoPlast/EFEPc good 350/50/100/400/100 m Ex. 19 PA11-TL/PA610- <5.5 Good Borderline Very NoPlast/EVOH/PA610-NoPlast/ good PA11cond-NoPlast 400/50/150/300/100 m (1) Bursting strength is the bursting strength after at least 96 h with FAM B biofuel inside; thus, a sufficiently high value to withstand the pressure is sought.

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE II Very good Borderline Properties (VG) Good (G) (QG) Poor (P) CE10 bio-petrol barrier, 60 C. <0.2 0.2-1 1-3 >3 g/m.sup.2.24 h, 150 m thick barrier Extractables: <4.5 g/m.sup.2 4.5-5.5 g/m.sup.2 5.5-6 g/m.sup.2 >6 g/m.sup.2 of this test consisting of a tube of of tube of tube tube surface filled with alcohol-containing tube surface surface area (inner petrol of FAM B type at 60 C. surface area (inner area (inner surface area for 96 hours, then emptied area surface surface inn) and filtered into a beaker, (inner area inn) area inn) which is then left to surface evaporate and the residue of area inn) which is weighed, the latter having to be less than or equal to 6 g/m.sup.2 (of tube inner surface area). Impact VW-40 C. <4% <11% <21% >22% Standard VW breakage breakage breakage breakage TL52435 2010 Bursting strength after >30 N/mm.sup.2 30-27 N/mm.sup.2 27-25 N/mm.sup.2 <25 N/mm.sup.2 ageing, standard VW (MPa) (MPa) (MPa) (MPa) TL52435 2010 The measurements of permeability to petrols (bio-petrol barrier) are determined at 60 C. according to a gravimetric method with CE10: isooctane/toluene/ethanol = 45/45/10 vol %.
The instantaneous permeability is zero during the induction period, then it gradually increases up to an equilibrium value which corresponds to the permeability value under continuous operating conditions. This value, obtained under continuous operating conditions, is considered to be the permeability of the material.

Compositions

[0184] PA12-TL: denotes a composition based on polyamide 12, of Mn (number-average molecular weight) 35 000, containing 6% of BBSA (benzyl butyl sulphonamide) plasticizer and 6% of anhydride-functionalized EPR Exxelor VA1801 (Exxon), and on 1.2% of organic stabilizers (consisting of 0.8% of phenol Lowinox 44B25 from Great Lakes, of 0.2% of phosphite Irgafos 168 from Ciba, of 0.2% of UV stabilizer Tinuvin 312 from Ciba). The melting point of this composition is 175 C.
PA12-NoPlast=PA12-TL without plasticizer (the latter is replaced by the same % of PA12)
PA11-TL: denotes a composition based on polyamide 11, of Mn (number-average molecular weight) 29 000, containing 5% of BBSA (benzyl butyl sulphonamide) plasticizer, 6% of impact modifier of ethylene/ethyl acrylate/anhydride type in the weight ratio 68.5/30/1.5 (MFI 6 at 190 C. under 2.16 kg), and on 1.2% of organic stabilizers (consisting of 0.8% of phenol Lowinox 44B25 from Great Lakes, of 0.2% of phosphite Irgafos 168 from Ciba, of 0.2% of UV stabilizer Tinuvin 312 from Ciba). The melting point of this composition is 185 C.
PA11-NoPlast=PA11-TL without plasticizer (the latter is replaced by PA11)
PA610-TL=PA610+12% impact modifier EPR1+organic stabilizer+10% plasticizer
PA610-NoPlast=PA610-TL without plasticizer (the latter is replaced by PA610)
PA612-TL=PA612+12% impact modifier EPR1+organic stabilizer+9% plasticizer
PA612-NoPlast=PA612-TL without plasticizer (the latter is replaced by PA612)
PA6-TL=PA6+12% impact modifier EPR1+organic stabilizer+12% plasticizer
PA6-NoPlast=PA6-TL without plasticizer (the latter is replaced by PA6) [0185] PA12: Polyamide 12, of Mn (number-average molecular weight) 35 000. The melting point is 178 C., the enthalpy of fusion thereof is 54 kJ/m.sup.2 [0186] PA11: Polyamide 11, of Mn (number-average molecular weight) 29 000. The melting point is 190 C., the enthalpy of fusion thereof is 56 kJ/m.sup.2 [0187] PA610: Polyamide 6.10, of Mn (number-average molecular weight) 30 000. The melting point is 223 C., the enthalpy of fusion thereof is 61 kJ/m.sup.2 [0188] PA612: Polyamide 6.12, of Mn (number-average molecular weight) 29 000. The melting point is 218 C., the enthalpy of fusion thereof is 67 kJ/m.sup.2 [0189] PA6: Polyamide 6, of Mn (number-average molecular weight) 28 000. The melting point is 220 C., the enthalpy of fusion thereof is 68 kJ/m.sup.2 [0190] EPR1: Denotes an EPR functionalized with an anhydride-functional reactive group (at 0.5-1% by weight), MFI 9 (at 230 C., under 10 kg), of Exxellor VA1801 type from Exxon.
Organic stabilizer=1.2% of organic stabilizers consisting of 0.8% of phenol (Lowinox 44B25 from Great Lakes), of 0.2% of phosphite (Irgafos 168 from Ciba), of 0.2% of UV stabilizer (Tinuvin 312 from Ciba).
Plasticizer=BBSA (benzyl butyl sulphonamide)
coPA612-6T-NoPlast=coPA6.12/6.T with 20 mol % of 6.T (thus 80 mol % of 6.12) (this coPA has MFI 235 C., 5 kg=(T melting=200 C.)+20% EPR1+orga. stab.)
PPA10T=coPA10.T/6.T, of 60/40 molar ratio, T melting 280 C.+18% EPR1+orga. stab.
PA11cond-noplast=PA11, of Mn 15 000+9% EPR1+22% of Ensaco 200 type carbon black
Binder=Composition based on 43.8% PA612 (as defined elsewhere), on 25% of PA6 (as defined elsewhere) and on 20% of EPR1 type impact modifier, and on 1.2% of organic stabilizers (consisting of 0.8% of phenol Lowinox 44B25 from Great Lakes, of 0.2% of phosphite Irgafos 168 from Ciba, of 0.2% of UV stabilizer Tinuvin 312 from Ciba), and on 10% of BBSA (benzyl butyl sulphonamide) plasticizer.
Binder-NoPlast=Composition based on 48.8% PA612 (as defined elsewhere), on 30% of PA6 (as defined elsewhere) and on 20% of EPR1 type impact modifier, and on 1.2% of organic stabilizers (consisting of 0.8% of phenol Lowinox 44B25 from Great Lakes, of 0.2% of phosphite Irgafos 168 from Ciba, of 0.2% of UV stabilizer Tinuvin 312 from Ciba).
Binder2=Composition based on 43.8% PA610 (as defined elsewhere), on 25% of PA6 (as defined elsewhere) and on 20% of EPR1 type impact modifier, and on 1.2% of organic stabilizers (consisting of 0.8% of phenol Lowinox 44B25 from Great Lakes, of 0.2% of phosphite Irgafos 168 from Ciba, of 0.2% of UV stabilizer Tinuvin 312 from Ciba), and on 10% of BBSA (benzyl butyl sulphonamide) plasticizer.
Binder2-NoPlast=Composition based on 48.8% PA610 (as defined elsewhere), on 30% of PA6 (as defined elsewhere) and on 20% of EPR1 type impact modifier, and on 1.2% of organic stabilizers (consisting of 0.8% of phenol Lowinox 44B25 from Great Lakes, of 0.2% of phosphite Irgafos 168 from Ciba, of 0.2% of UV stabilizer Tinuvin 312 from Ciba).
EVOH=EVOH containing 32% of ethylene, EVAL FP101B type (Eval)
EVOH24=EVOH containing 24% of ethylene, EVAL M100B type (Eval)
EVOHhi=EVOH containing 27% of ethylene and impact modifier, EVAL LA170B type (Eval)
PPA10T/6T=coPA10.T/6.T with 40 mol % of 6.T (of MFI 300 C., 5 kg=8, and of 1 C. melting 280 C.)+15% of EPR1+orga. stab.)
EFEPc=functionalized and conductive EFEP of Neoflon RP5000AS type, from Daikin
Binder PA610+PA6. Denotes a composition based on PA612 (of Mn 29000, and as defined elsewhere) and on 36% of PA6 (of Mn 28 000, and as defined elsewhere), and on 1.2% of organic stabilizers (consisting of 0.8% of phenol Lowinox 44B25 from Great Lakes, of 0.2% of phosphite Irgafos 168 from Ciba, of 0.2% of UV stabilizer Tinuvin 312 from Ciba).
The structures having layers not containing plasticizer, located below the barrier and especially in contact with the fluid, have excellent results in the extractables test, much better than the counter-examples in which the layer in contact with the fluid is plasticized.