Component construction, component for a gas turbine and method for manufacturing a component of gas turbine by metal injection moulding

Abstract

A structural component construction that is suitable and provided for the purpose of being further processed into a structural component of a gas turbine is provided. It is provided that the structural component construction has been manufactured by means of metal injection molding and subsequent sintering, and that it includes a support structure as an integral part of the structural component construction which is suitable for supporting the structural component during sintering, wherein the support structure is either not contained or not contained in its entirety in the finished structural component.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a structural component of a gas turbine by metal injection molding, comprising: metal injection molding a green body of a structural component construction from a metal powder composition suitable for injection molding, debindering the green body to form a brown body of the structural component construction, subsequently sintering the structural component construction, providing the green body with a support structure during the metal injection molding as an integral part of the structural component construction that supports the structural component construction during sintering, and following the sintering of the structural component construction, partially removing the support structure by a cutting process such that, in an installed state of the structural component, an area of the support structure forms a stop or a reception area for a stop element that is connected to a housing of the gas turbine, and acting together with the stop or the reception area, serves to prevent movement of the structural component in a circumferential direction of the gas turbine.

2. The method according to claim 1, and further comprising providing that the support structure has a planar locating surface, and that the structural component construction rests on a planar resting area during sintering, with the planar locating surface facing downwards toward the planar resting area.

3. The method according to claim 1, and further comprising supporting the structural component during the sintering with the support structure such that a shrinking process of the structural component can take place in all spatial directions during sintering with reduced warpage.

4. The method according to claim 2, and further comprising providing that the support structure has ribs or pillars, and the front sides of the ribs or pillars form the planar locating surface.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the support structure has ribs and further comprising providing that the ribs form a grid.

6. The method according to claim 4, and further comprising providing that widths of the ribs taper off towards the planar locating surface.

7. The method according to claim 1, and further comprising providing that the structural component is a blade of a fan or of a rotor or a stator of a gas turbine with a blade vane and a blade root, and the support structure is connected to the blade root.

8. The method according to claim 7, and further comprising providing the blade root with a recess in an area of a front edge or a rear edge for providing air extraction.

9. The method according to claim 1, and further comprising: providing that the structural component is a blade of a fan or of a rotor or a stator of a gas turbine with the blade including a blade vane and a blade root, and the support structure is at least one chosen from connected to the blade root and forming a part of the blade root, completely removing the support structure to form the blade root.

10. The method according to claim 1, and further comprising: providing that the structural component is a blade of a fan or of a rotor or a stator of a gas turbine with the blade including a blade vane and a blade root, and the support structure is at least one chosen from connected to the blade root and forming a part of the blade root, completely removing the support structure to form the blade root, and providing that the blade root include a bore for receiving a measuring device.

11. The method according to claim 1, and further comprising completely removing the support structure.

12. The method according to claim 1, and further comprising providing that the structural component is a blade of a fan or of a rotor or a stator of a gas turbine with a blade vane and a blade root, and the support structure forms a part of the blade root.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) In the following, the invention is explained in more detail based on several exemplary embodiments by referring to the figures of the drawing.

(2) FIG. 1A shows a perspective rendering of a first exemplary embodiment of a structural component construction that concerns a blade of a gas turbine and comprises a support structure which is formed as an integral part of the blade root.

(3) FIG. 1B shows the structural component construction of FIG. 1A in a side view.

(4) FIG. 2 shows the structural component construction of FIG. 1A in a position where it is placed so as to be resting on a planar underground for the purpose of sintering.

(5) FIG. 3A shows a perspective rendering of a blade that results from the support structure having been completely removed from the structural component construction of FIG. 1A.

(6) FIG. 3B shows a side view of the blade of FIG. 3A.

(7) FIG. 4 shows a blade corresponding to FIG. 3A, wherein a partial bore is additionally inserted into the area of a side edge.

(8) FIG. 5 shows a blade corresponding to FIG. 3A, wherein a partial bore is additionally inserted into the area of the other side edge.

(9) FIG. 6A shows a perspective rendering of a blade having a blade root that results from the support structure having been partially removed from the structural component construction of FIG. 1A, wherein the remaining support structure forms a reception area for a stop element.

(10) FIG. 6B shows the blade of FIG. 6A in top view.

(11) FIG. 7A shows a perspective rendering of the blade of FIG. 6A, with a stop element being inserted into the reception area.

(12) FIG. 7B shows the blade of FIG. 7A in top view.

(13) FIG. 8A shows a perspective rendering of a second exemplary embodiment of a structural component construction that concerns a blade of a gas turbine and has a support structure which is formed as an integral part of the blade root.

(14) FIG. 8B shows the structural component construction of FIG. 8A in top view after the structural component construction of FIG. 8A has been turned by 180.

(15) FIG. 9A shows a perspective rendering of a blade having a blade root that results from the support structure having been completely removed from the structural component construction of FIG. 8A, with the additional rendering of a recess for the extraction of bleed air.

(16) FIG. 9B shows the blade of FIG. 9A in top view after the blade of FIG. 9A has been turned by 180.

(17) FIG. 10A shows a perspective rendering of a blade having a blade root that results from the support structure having been partially removed from the structural component construction of FIG. 8A, wherein the remaining support structure forms an end stop for a stop element.

(18) FIG. 10B shows the blade of FIG. 10A in a side view.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(19) FIGS. 1A, 1B show a first exemplary embodiment of a structural component construction 10 that concerns a guide blade and has a support structure which is integrated into the blade root.

(20) The structural component construction shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B is manufactured based on powder-metallurgical injection molding (also referred to as MIM in short). Here, a green body of the structural component construction is manufactured from a metal powder composition suitable for injection molding and containing a metal powder intermixed with a binder, which is performed by means of metal injection molding in an injection molding machine. Afterwards, the structural component construction is debound, thus yielding a brown body of the structural component construction. Subsequently, the brown body is sintered.

(21) The danger generally present in such a process is that the structural component construction is deformed in an undesired manner in the course of sintering, as it becomes soft and unstable during sintering. This may result in deformations, for example on account of the structural component construction's own weight or because of a gas flow that is present, and due to other influences. Such deformation is avoided in the structural component constructions of FIGS. 1A, 1B by virtue of the fact that in addition to the actual structural component 1, which in the shown exemplary embodiment concerns a blade and comprises a blade vane 11 and a blade root 12, the structural component construction 10 also has a support structure 2. The support structure 2 is a construction that is appropriate for injection molding, and that is suitable and provided for the purpose of supporting the actual structural component 1 during the sintering process, so that the structural component 1 is not deformed or warped during the sintering process. At that, the shrinking process of the actual structural component 1 can take place on the support structure during sintering, without any warpage occurring in any direction.

(22) Since the manufacture process is carried out by means of metal injection molding, the support structure 2 is an integral part of the structural component construction 10 and is formed in one piece with the actual structural component 1. As will be explained in the following, the support structure 2 is removed again either partially or completely for the purpose of manufacturing the structural component 1, which is performed by means of cutting processes, for example. Thus, the structural component construction 10 shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B represents an intermediate product in the manufacture of the structural component 1.

(23) The support structure 2 comprises a plurality of ribs 21 that protrude substantially vertically from the blade root 12 and are formed as an integral part of the blade root 12, thus supporting the same. At their front sides, the ribs 21 form a planar locating surface 22, which makes it possible to place the structural component construction 10 onto a planar underground during sintering, with the planar locating surface 22 facing downwards. Such an arrangement of the structural component construction 10 during sintering is shown in FIG. 2. Here, the support structure 2 rests with its locating surface 22 on a planar resting area 3, which may be a kind of sintering ceramics, for example.

(24) Referring again to FIGS. 1A, 1B, it should be noted that the ribs 21 of the support structure 2 can be arranged in a grid-like manner, wherein the areas between the ribs 21 are formed by recesses 23. The recesses 23 may get wider towards the locating surface 22 in order to ensure good removability of the green body of the structural component construction from an injection molding machine. Correspondingly, the width of the ribs 21 slightly decreases towards the locating surface 22, so that they taper off towards the locating surface 22.

(25) In the area of the locating surface 22, the width d of the ribs 21 may for example lie between 1 and 2 mm, in particular between 1.3 and 1.7 mm, for example 1.5 mm. Here, the total length of the support structure 2 may for example be in the range between 20 and 40 mm, and the total width of the support structure 2 may be in the range between 10 and 20 mm.

(26) It should be noted that instead of the ribs 21 also other reinforcing elements, as for example pillars or the like, may be used. If ribs 21 are used, they as is shown herein form walls that extend between the blade root 12 of the actual structural component 1 and the planar locating surface 22, thus forming the same.

(27) FIG. 2 clearly illustrates the supporting function of the structural component construction according to the invention. The regarded structural component 1 comprises a structure (the blade root 12) which forms a concave opening towards the planar resting area 3.

(28) Without the support structure 2 according to the invention, the danger of deformation would arise during the sintering process, when the component becomes soft and therefore unstable, which is due to the weight of the blade root 12 as well as of the blade vane 11 that is arranged above it and is also supported by the blade root 12 during the sintering process. Thanks to the support structure 2, and in particular the ribs 21 in connection with the stable locating surface 22, relative movements of the material during the sintering process and during the shrinking of the structural component are set off and compensated for, and the danger of deformation, in particular to the blade root 12, is averted.

(29) It should be noted that the blade 11 can additionally be provided with a covering band (not shown).

(30) Based on the structural component construction of FIG. 1A, various embodiments of the actual structural component 1which in the regarded exemplary embodiment is a stator bladecan be derived by partially or completely removing the support structure 2, as will be explained below with reference to exemplary embodiments.

(31) FIGS. 3A, 3B show a blade 1 that results from completely removing the support structure 2 from the structural component construction of FIG. 1A. Here, the blade 1 comprises a blade vane 11 and a blade root 12 that has two lateral mounting shoulders 121 as well as a platform 122 connected to the blade vane 11. The ribs 21 of the support structure 2 of the structural component construction of FIG. 1A have been completely removed, for example by means of milling or other cutting processes. As for the mounting shoulders 121, they can also be provided with the desired thickness by means of milling or other cutting processes.

(32) The guide blade 1 can be shaped further by means of further processing, for example into a so-called undersize-guide blade, which has a reduced platform width by virtue of parts of the platform 122 having been removed.

(33) FIGS. 4 and 5 show two further developments of a guide blade according to FIGS. 3A, 3B, in which a partial bore 41, 42 is respectively additionally inserted into the blade root 12, with the partial bores 41, 42 being respectively formed in the area of the longitudinal edges of the platform 122. If two guide blades are arranged next to each other according to FIGS. 4 and 5 in an arrangement of the guide blade inside a stator of a gas turbine as it is intended, a circular recess is created that can for example be used for passing a measuring device, such as for example an endoscope, for detecting conditions in the flow channel.

(34) FIGS. 6A, 6B show an exemplary embodiment of a structural component that results from the support structure 2 having been partially removed from the structural component construction 10 of FIG. 1A. Here, the support structure 2 has been removed in such a manner that the remaining structures form a reception area 51 that is suitable and provided for the purpose of receiving a stop element that is fixedly connected to a housing of a gas turbine, as will be explained in the following based on FIGS. 7A, 7B. The reception area 51 is formed by two walls or ribs 221, 222 of the support structure which have been retained. The walls are structurally supported by ribs 21 that are extending obliquely with respect to them. Also, a mounting shoulder 121 of the blade root 12 and the locating surfaces 24 have been created by the partial removal of the support structure.

(35) It should be noted that the ribs 221, 222 are protruding in the longitudinal direction of the blade 1 up to beyond the plane that is defined by the surfaces 121, 24.

(36) FIGS. 7A, 7B show the structural component of FIG. 6A, with the stop element 6 being inserted into the reception area 51. The stop element 6 comprises a cylindrical part 61 and a platform 62, with the dimensions of the latter corresponding to the dimensions of the reception area 51. The stop element 6 is connected to a housing of a gas turbine and protrudes into the recess 51 after the blade 1 has been installed inside a stator of a gas turbine in the intended manner. Here, the platform 62 of the stop element 6 is retained inside the recess 51 by means of a positive-locking fit.

(37) In this way, the blade geometry that is to say, the remaining support structure with the reception area 51 as it acts together with the stop element 6 prevents any movement of the mounted blade 1 in the circumferential direction of the housing. Because the reception area 51 is formed as an integral part in the blade root construction of blade 1, this function can be realized without having to provide additional, separately manufactured components.

(38) FIGS. 8A, 8B show a second exemplary embodiment of a structural component construction that concerns a stator blade of a gas turbine, wherein a separate support structure 2 is provided that is formed integrally with the blade root 12. The basic structure of the structural component construction 10 corresponds to that of the structural component construction 10 of FIG. 1A. The support structure 10 comprises a plurality of ribs 21 that are arranged in a grid-like manner, forming a planar locating surface 22 and defining recesses 23 between each other. The blade 1 comprises a blade vane 11 and a blade root 12. As is shown in an exemplary manner in the structural component construction of FIGS. 8A, 8B, variations in the number, size and arrangement of the ribs 21 or of other reinforcing elements can be provided.

(39) In the structural component construction of FIGS. 8A, 8B, a recess 7 is additionally provided in the area of the front edge or the rear edge of the blade root 12, for example for the purpose of bleed air extraction in the installed state of the structural component.

(40) FIGS. 9A, 9B show a guide blade 1 after the support structure 2 of FIG. 8A has been completely removed, wherein similar to FIGS. 3A, 3B a blade root 12 is created, having a platform 122 as well as two mounting shoulders 121 located on a different plane than the platform 122. What can further be seen is the recess 7 for the extraction of bleed air which is formed at the front edge or the rear edge after the support structure has been removed.

(41) FIGS. 10A, 10B show another derivation from the structural component construction of FIGS. 8A, 8B. In this derivation, the support structure of FIGS. 8A, 8B has been removed except for a wall area 223. This wall area 223 provides an end stop 52 for a stop element that is fixedly connected to a housing of a gas turbine, in a manner corresponding to the stop element 6 of FIGS. 7A, 7B. Except for this end stop 52, the blade root construction corresponds to the blade root of FIGS. 9A, 9B with a platform 122 and two mounting shoulders 121. The end stop 52 that is formed by the wall area 221 can be structurally reinforced by means of a transversal rib 21. The end stop 52 protrudes beyond the plane formed by the two mounting shoulders 121.

(42) The present invention has been described in the Figures with reference to a structural component that is a stator blade of a compressor or of a turbine of a gas turbine, in particular of a turbofan engine. However, the principles of the present invention apply in the same manner to blades of a fan or blades of a rotor of a gas turbine. Moreover, the principles of the present invention also apply to any structural component which is manufactured by means of metal injection molding and in which the problem of deformation occurs during the sintering process. For example, the present invention is suitable for such structural components that, during the sintering process, have a concave recess with respect to the resting area on which the structural component rests during the sintering procedure, so that the danger of deflection is present during the sintering process.

(43) It should be noted that the features of the individually described exemplary embodiments of the invention can be combined with each other in various combinations. As far as ranges are defined, they include all values within these ranges as well as all partial areas that fall within a range.