A STEEL BEAM EMBODIMENT WITH REINFORCED LOWER HEAD

Abstract

The present invention is a steel beam (10) having a steel profile (20) comprising a lower head (23) and an upper head (21) which is substantially parallel to said lower head (23), characterized by comprising cables (42) provided under the steel profile (23) along the length of the steel profile (20) and to which tensioning process is applied, and a lower reinforcing concrete (40) embodied by the steel profile (20) lower head (23) in the form of a layer in a manner covering the cables (42) so as to fix said cables (42) at their positions and tensions.

Claims

1. (canceled)

2. (canceled)

3. (canceled)

4. (canceled)

5. A reinforcing method for a steel beam (10) embodiment having a steel profile (20) comprising a lower head (23) and an upper head (21) which is substantially parallel to said lower head (23), characterized by comprising the steps of: a) Connecting embedded studs (232) under the lower head (23) of the steel profile (20), b) Positioning the fixture (41) and cables (42) inside a mold system (30), c) Positioning the steel profile (20) on the mold system (30) such that the embedded studs (232) are placed into said fixture (41), d) Applying pre-tensioning process to said cables (42) by means of pre-tensioning apparatus (60), e) Fixing the tensions and positions of said cables (42) and applying lower reinforcing concrete (40) to a concrete chamber (312) provided in the mold system (30), f) Removing the pre-tensioning apparatus (60) and releasing the cables (42), g) Transferring the tensioning forces, existing in the fixed cables (42) and in the lower reinforcing concrete (40), to the steel beam (10) through the embedded studs (232).

6. A steel beam (10) reinforcing method according to claim 5, wherein during the production step, in order to prevent the deflection in the steel profile (20) which occurs due to the fixture (41) and the cables (42), the positioning arms (32), positioned in the mold system (30) in step (b), are placed to the connection elements (231).

7. A steel beam (10) reinforcing method according to claim 5, wherein the lower reinforcing concrete (40), obtained in said step (e), is waited for setting before the mold system (30) is removed.

8. A steel beam (10) reinforcing method according to claim 5, wherein in said step (f), the released cable (42) ends are cut through the outer surface of the lower reinforcing concrete (40).

9. A steel beam (10) reinforcing method according to claim 5, wherein in said step (d), in case the pre-tensioning process is not applied, post-tensioning process is applied after the assembly of the steel beam (10).

10. A steel beam (10) reinforcing method according to claim 5, wherein all of said steps are applied in both simple beam and continuous beam applications.

11. A steel beam (10) reinforcing method according to claim 5, wherein all of said steps are applied in the form of pre-tensioning or post-tensioning on the upper head (21) in continuous beam embodiments.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0030] In FIG. 1, the general view of the steel beam whose lower head is reinforced is given.

[0031] In FIG. 2, the general view of the steel profile formed by using constructed or ready-made I-H profile is given.

[0032] In FIG. 3, the frontal perspective view of the steel profile is given.

[0033] In FIG. 4, the general view of the mold system is given.

[0034] In FIG. 5, the general view of the steel profile connected to the mold system is given.

[0035] In FIG. 6, the frontal perspective view of the steel profile connected to the mold system is given.

[0036] In FIG. 7, the general view of the fixture is given.

[0037] In FIG. 8, the general view of the application of the pre-tensioning process is given.

[0038] In FIG. 9, the general view of the exemplary application viaduct is given.

REFERENCE NUMBERS

[0039] 10 Steel Beam [0040] 20 Steel Profile [0041] 21 Upper Head [0042] 22 Body [0043] 23 Lower Head [0044] 231 Connection Element [0045] 232 Embedded Stud [0046] 24 Reinforcement Plate [0047] 30 Mold System [0048] 31 Mold Carcass [0049] 311 Connection Plate [0050] 312 Concrete Chamber [0051] 32 Positioning Arm [0052] 321 Mold Connection Section [0053] 322 Profile Connection Section [0054] 40 Lower Reinforcing Concrete [0055] 41 Fixture [0056] 411 Cable Guide [0057] 42 Cable [0058] 50 Upper Reinforcing Concrete [0059] 60 Pre-Tensioning Apparatus [0060] 70 Example Application Viaduct [0061] 71 Carrier System [0062] 711 Single Base [0063] 712 Carrier Column [0064] 713 Carrier Beam [0065] 714 Sliding Support

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0066] In this detailed description, the subject matter steel beam (30) is explained with references to examples without forming any restrictive effect only in order to make the subject more understandable.

[0067] With reference to FIG. 1, the subject matter steel beam (10) comprises a steel profile (20) and a lower reinforcing concrete (40) provided under said steel profile (20) and an upper reinforcing concrete (50) provided on the steel profile (20). The steel profile (20) comprises an upper head (21) and a lower head (23) extending substantially parallel to said upper head (21), a body (22) embodied between said lower head (23) and said upper head (21), and reinforcement plates (24) placed in a spaced apart manner in a manner interrupting the extension axis of the body (22) along the length of the steel profile (20). There are connection elements (231) which are connected at specific intervals on the lower head (23). Pluralities of embedded studs (232) are connected under the lower head (23) in a manner extending downwardly. The lower reinforcing concrete (40) is essentially a concrete layer, and it comprises a fixture (41) embodied in web form and cable guides (411) positioned inside said fixture (41). In said cable guides (411), cables (42) are provided along the length of the fixture (41).

[0068] In order to form the steel beam (10), the integration of the steel profile (20) and the lower reinforcing concrete (40) is realized by using a mold system (30). In this direction, said mold system (30) basically comprises a mold carcass (31) and positioning arms (32) connected at the edges of said mold carcass (31). The mold carcass (31) comprises connection plates (311) where said positioning arms (32) are connected at the edges thereof. Along the length of the mold carcass (31), a concrete chamber (312) is embodied. The positioning arm (32) comprises a mold connection section (321) connected to said connection plates (311) and a profile connection section (322) embodied at the continuation of said mold connection section (321). Said profile connection section (322) is guided in said connection elements (231).

[0069] In order to bring the steel profile (20) and the lower reinforcing concrete (30) into integrated form, first of all, the fixture (41) is placed onto the mold carcass (31) together with the cable guides (411), and afterwards, the cables (42) are passed between the cable guides (411) and they are placed into the fixture (41). Here, as cable (42), said embodiments are pre-tensioning bundles if pre-tensioning process is to be realized in accordance with the selected tensioning system, and said embodiments are post-tensioning cables if post-tensioning process is to be realized. In case post-tensioning process is to be realized, the cable pipes are positioned inside the fixture together with post-tensioning cables. After placement of the fixture (41) and the cables (42), the lower head (23) is positioned on the mold carcass (31) such that said embedded studs (232) are placed into the fixture (41). After this positioning, in order to prevent the deflection which may occur in the steel profile (20), the profile connection sections (322) of the positioning arms (32) are placed to the connection plates (231). Pre-tensioning process is realized after this step. In the pre-tensioning process, after the steel profile (20) is positioned on the mold carcass (31), pre-tensioning apparatus (60) are connected to the cables (42), and tensioning force is applied onto the cables (42). When the cables (42) reach the desired tensioning force, concrete is poured onto the fixtures (41) and the cables (42) in a manner filling the concrete chamber (312). Thus, a lower reinforcing concrete (40), comprising the fixture (41) and the cables (42), is obtained in a manner covering the embedded studs (232). Since the embedded studs (232) are provided in the lower reinforcing concrete (40), the pre-tensioning force is transferred from the cables (42) to the lower head (23) by means of the adherence occurring. After the concrete is poured, the lower reinforcing concrete (40) is waited for setting, and afterwards, the tensioning force existing in the cables (42) is removed. After this step, the lower reinforcing concrete (40) is lifted and carried by means of the pre-tensioning force. In order to facilitate assembly, the lower reinforcing concrete (40) can become the face at the beginning and end of the steel profile (20) and at the same time, it can be left inside with the required proportion.

[0070] Different steel profile (20) types can be used in order to be used in cases where the openings and loads are different. Although I-H profile application is foreseen as standard, when required, steel profiles (20) like box, planar cage, triangular or square space cage, etc. can also be used. In cases box cross sectioned steel profiles (20) are used, the lower reinforcing concrete (40) can be positioned outside of the steel profile (20) or it can be positioned inside the steel profile (20). In case the lower reinforcing concrete (40) is embodied inside the steel profile (20), the tensioning process can be realized in a linear manner or in a curved manner according to the momentum curve. In curved solutions, post-tensioning cable can be used when required from the support to the other support in outer medium, except the lower head (23) lower reinforcing concrete (40).

[0071] The steel beams (10) can be single or they can be produced in the form of double and triple groups depending on the assembly method to be selected and depending on the openings. In these applications, the lower reinforcing concrete (40) can be poured together for all steel profiles (20) provided side by side. These applications, where pluralities of steel profiles (20) are used, provide the sensitivity in the assembly step particularly in big openings, and these applications provide the assembly application to be more rapid and to have lower-cost. Besides, the since the cables (42) are embedded into the lower reinforcing concrete (40), the cables (42) are not affected by heat changes and by corrosion, and depending on this, the maintenance process intervals can be lengthened and the maintenance costs are reduced.

[0072] For the continuous beam solutions, on the steel profile upper head (21), the required precautions are taken and the upper reinforcing concrete (50) is poured in order to realize pre-tensioning or post-tensioning application inside the upper head fixture region.

[0073] As an example to a structure where the subject matter steel beam is applied, in FIG. 9, the general view of an example application viaduct (70) is given. Said example application viaduct (70) comprises carrier systems (71) provided side by side and steel beams (10) whose subject matter lower head is reinforced positioned in a manner extending on said carrier systems (71). The steel beams (10) are covered by the lower reinforcing concrete (40) and by the upper reinforcing concrete (50). The carrier system (71) essentially comprises a single base (711) embedded to the floor, a carrier column (710) provided on said single base (711), a carrier beam (713) where a path line is seated through specific points on said carrier column (710), and sliding supports (714) connected onto said carrier beam (713).

[0074] The protection scope of the present invention is set forth in the annexed Claims and cannot be restricted to the illustrative disclosures given above, under the detailed description. It is because a person skilled in the relevant art can obviously produce similar embodiments under the light of the foregoing disclosures, without departing from the main principles of the present invention.