Maitake mushroom named 'Grifon-8go'

Abstract

The present variety of mushroom named Grifon-8go was cultivated by the gathering and repeated breeding of Maitake mushrooms having dominant traits, which has good qualitative character and appearance, a strong curving cap of high quality, and enhanced cultivation. This edible mushroom is exquisite in stability, reproducibility and uniformity when being produced.

Claims

1. A new, distinct variety of Maitake mushroom as substantially illustrated and described in the specification.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0005] FIG. 1 shows a phylogenetic tree illustrating the antecedents of Grifon-8go.

[0006] FIGS. 2A and 2B respectively show front and back images of a dual-culture of Grifon-8go colony.

[0007] FIGS. 3A and 3B respectively show front and back images of a dual-culture of Grifon-8go and Grifon120.

[0008] FIGS. 4A and 4B respectively show front and back images of a dual-culture of Grifon-8go and Mori51go.

[0009] FIGS. 5A and 5B respectively show front and back images of fungal flora of Grifon-8go.

[0010] FIGS. 6A and 6B respectively show front and back images of fungal flora of Grifon120.

[0011] FIGS. 7A and 7B respectively show front and back images of fungal flora of Mori51go.

[0012] FIG. 8 shows an image of cap thickness and shape at the cross section of the cap of Grifon-8go.

[0013] FIG. 9 shows an image of cap thickness and shape at the cross section of the cap of Grifon120.

[0014] FIG. 10 shows an image of cap thickness and shape at the cross section of the cap of Mori51go.

[0015] FIG. 11 shows an image of the diameter of the fruit body cluster, surface color of cap, and ring shape of Grifon-8go.

[0016] FIG. 12 shows an image of the diameter of the fruit body cluster, surface color of cap, and ring shape of Grifon120.

[0017] FIG. 13 shows an image of the diameter of the fruit body cluster, surface color of cap, and ring shape of Mori51go.

[0018] FIG. 14 shows an image of the formation and color of the surface coating of the culturing mushroom bed of Grifon-8go.

[0019] FIG. 15 shows an image of the formation and color of the surface coating of the culturing mushroom bed of Grifon120.

[0020] FIG. 16 shows an image of the formation and color of the surface coating of the culturing mushroom bed of Mori51go.

[0021] FIG. 17 shows an image of a fruit body of Grifon-8go.

[0022] FIG. 18 shows an image of a fruit body of Grifon120.

[0023] FIG. 19 shows an image of a fruit body of Mori51go.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0024] The history of the Grifon-8go mushroom in terms of improvement period and the like are set forth in the following chronological list of each stage of variety improvement:

[0025] December 2011: MH182239 and MH182242 strains were crossed, and Grifon-7 was obtained

[0026] September 2014: Grifon120 and MH182264 strains were crossed, and MH182265 was obtained

[0027] July 2017: Grifon-7 and MH182265 strains were crossed, and the excellent strain MH182266 was obtained

[0028] September 2018: Growing test was repeatedly conducted on MH182266 and since distinguishability, stability, reproducibility and uniformity were confirmed, the strain was named Grifon-8go and cultivation was completed. Dual culture performed for Grifon-8go and Grifon120 and dual culture performed for Grifon-8go and Mori51go showed formation of a zone line (FIGS. 3A, 3B, 4A, and 4B). Applied for registration of a new variety to the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan.

[0029] The above crossing is summarized in the phylogenetic tree illustrated in FIG. 1.

[0030] The Grifon-8go mushroom has the following characteristics: a strong curving cap, enhanced cultivation stability, and a high-yield.

(1) Comparison with analogous variety by dual culture

[0031] Dual culture was performed for the Grifon-8go mushroom and similar varieties so as to examine the tactile reaction.

Study Method:

[0032] In an examination for tactile reaction, a potato dextrose agar medium was used, and the Grifon-8go mushroom and similar varieties were inoculated thereon face to face at an interval of 3 cm, and then culture was performed at 25 C. for 21 days to examine the presence or absence of a tactile reaction.

Strain used:

[0033] Grifon-8go: Present variety

[0034] Grifon120: Variety similar to the present variety

[0035] Mori51go: Variety similar to the present variety

Results:

[0036] A zone line was formed between Grifon-8go and similar varieties Grifon120 and Mori51go, respectively (Table 1, FIGS. 3A, 3B, 4A, and 4B). This clearly shows that the present mushroom is a new variety.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Results of dual culture Similar variety Similar variety Present variety Grifon120 Mori51go Grifon-8go Grifon-8go + + + is present and is absent.
(2) Culture characteristics of Grifon-8go

(2)-1. Hyphae Temperature Adaptability

Study Method:

[0037] After inoculating an agar piece of the Grifon-8go having a diameter of 5 mm and agar pieces of similar varieties in potato dextrose agar medium, preculture was performed at 25 C. for 4 days and hyphae were regenerated (about 10 mm in diameter), and then culture was performed for 7 days at intervals of 5 C. between 10 C. and 30 C. The average daily hyphae growth rate was calculated based on a hyphae growth rate for seven days of the culture. Grifon-8go was asexually reproduced by inoculating on a potato dextrose agar at Mushroom Research Laboratory of the Hokuto Corporation in Nagano-shi, Nagano, Japan.

Study Results:

[0038] Grifon-8go's hyphae growth rate was found to be faster than the similar variety Grifon120 at 10 C., 15 C., 20 C., 30 C. (See Table 2).

(2)-2. Comparison of Fungal Flora

Study Method:

[0039] After inoculating an agar piece of the Grifon-8go having a diameter of 5 mm and agar pieces of similar varieties having a diameter of 5 mm on a potato dextrose agar medium, culture was performed at 25 C. for 14 days.

Study Results:

[0040] Regarding thickness of the fungal flora, the flora was thinner in the similar variety Mori51go than in Grifon-8go (See Table 2).

(3) Morphological characteristics of the Grifon-8go mushroom in a cultivation example

Cultivation Method:

[0041] Container: A polypropylene cultivation bag (Square, capacity: 8,500-9,000 cc, caliber: 200-120 mm, height: approx. 440 mm, with aeration filter) was used. A total of 48 bags were used, and 16 bags were repeated 3 times.

[0042] Culture medium: hardwood sawdust mainly composed of beechwood, and corn bran were mixed at the dry weight ratio of 75:25, and the water content was adjusted to 60-62%. After filling 2.5 kg of medium per bag, high pressure sterilization was performed.

[0043] Starter culture: About 25 cc of sawdust starter cultures per bag was inoculated.

[0044] Culture: Culture was performed at 20 C.-25 C., 70-75% moisture, and illuminance of 200-500 lux, and the inoculum is then moved to a development room.

[0045] Growth: The inoculum and the mushroom bag are shifted to a temperature of 17 C.-18 C., 90-95% moisture, and illuminance of 500-1,500 lux, and growth is prompted. After the growth has reached the filter portion, the filter portion is removed and growth into fruiting bodies is prompted. The mushroom is harvested when the tube at the mushroom back has formed about 2-3 mm from the edge.

Cultivation Results:

[0046] Table 2 shows the characteristics of the Grifon-8go and specific difference in characteristics as compared with the similar varieties when culture was performed under the abovementioned conditions.

[0047] Also, the images of the respective shape of caps, fruit body, surface colors, and ring shapes, and the images of the respective culturing mushroom beds have also been attached. (Refer to FIGS. 8 to 19).

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Fungus characteristics Table of Grifola frondosa (Fr.) S.F. Gray of Recording and Registration Present variety Similar variety Grifon-8go Grifon120 Mori51go Hyphae density slightly dense slightly dense slightly dense Developmental state of aerial dense dense medium hyphae Shape of the periphery of heterogenous heterogenous heterogenous the fungal flora Fungal flora thickness medium medium thin Fungal flora surface coloring none none none Fungal flora surface shape smooth smooth smooth Optimal temperature for slightly high medium slightly high hyphal growth Hyphal growth rate 10 C./day 1.72 mm 1.28 mm 1.45 mm 15 C./day 2.34 mm 1.79 mm 2.34 mm 20 C./day 3.25 mm 2.76 mm 3.48 mm 25 C./day 4.16 mm 3.54 mm 4.26 mm 30 C./day 4.03 mm 2.96 mm 3.95 mm Fruiting body diameter 21.36 cm 20.25 cm 19.89 cm Size of cap (Diameter) 33.78 mm 31.07 mm 37.85 mm Thickness of cap 2.82 mm 2.66 mm 2.46 mm Shape of cap fan form fan form fan form Presence of lacinia on none none none edge of cap Shape at the cross angled 45 horizontal horizontal section of cap degrees downward Surface color of cap 199B 199C N199C Fleshiness of cap medium medium medium Ring shape of the cap surface periphery periphery periphery Site of tube growth whole cap whole cap whole cap Form of strain base of thick thick thick fruit body Formation of surface coating little slightly little medium on culturing mushroom bed Presence of color on the none none present surface coating of culturing mushroom bed Period until primordial 33.79 days 36.08 days 43.48 days formation Period until peak growth 43.63 days 47.08 days 56.33 days Optimal growth temperature 22-24 C. 22-24 C. 20-22 C. for fruiting body Yield 920.38 g 835.60 g 663.04 g *The employed color chart is R.H.S Colour Chart, 2007, Fifth edition, prescribed by Royal Horticultural Society, England.