SYSTEM AND METHOD OF BIOCHEMICAL MOLECULE SYNTHESIS AND DETECTION IN A POINT OF COLLECTION SETTING

Abstract

A system for nucleic acid amplification is to synthesize amplified target nucleic acids or determine the presence of target nucleic acid. The mobile device of the system implements with an interface for controlling the reaction as well as optionally recording or delivering the reaction results or protocols to a cloud for sharing. In addition, current invention also discloses an airborne molecule detector integrating both air sampler and biochemical analysis component. The device can monitor the bioaerosols on real time. The reaction product can be used for nucleic acid sequencing as well. Furthermore, a pH test strip is used to replace a halochromic agent in a reaction mix for determining the nucleic acid amplification.

Claims

1. A system for processing a sample, the system comprising: (a) a programmed electronic circuit board; (b) a plurality of reaction chambers; (c) means for temperature control; (d) means for fluid transfer; (e) means for shuttling the plurality of reaction chambers; (f) reagents for nucleic acid amplification reaction; (g) a reagent storage component; (h) a functional module; and (i) a mobile device, wherein said reaction chamber has an opening to receive an analyte and conduct a biochemical reaction within; wherein said means for fluid transfer delivers the reagent between said reagent storage component and said plurality of reaction chambers or between said plurality of reaction chambers; wherein said means for temperature control comprising a temperature sensor and a heat source for maintaining the temperature of said biochemical reaction within said plurality of reaction chambers; wherein said means for shuttling the plurality of reaction chambers shuttles the plurality of reaction chambers to a predetermined location of the system for various operations or manipulations; thereby one of the following operations or manipulations is performed for the biochemical reaction inside said plurality of chambers: fluid transfer, temperature change, detection of reaction, extraction of nucleic acids, purification; wherein said functional module is a component or device for carrying out one of said operations or manipulations; thereby, said operations or manipulations are for completing various stages of biochemical reactions; wherein said means for shuttling the plurality of reaction chambers, said means for fluid transfer and said means for temperature control are controlled by said programmed electronic circuit board; thereby, said programmed electronic circuit board performs a series of operations involving said means for shuttling the plurality of reaction chambers, said means for fluid transfer and said means for temperature control to facilitate said biochemical reaction or procedure inside said plurality of reaction chambers in order to convert the analyte into a biochemical product for further detection or sequencing; wherein said programmed electronic circuit board is linked via wired or wireless connections to the mobile device which provides an interface to update the program, processing reaction results, recording manifest data, and transferring the protocols, reaction results, manifest data to/from internet.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein said functional module is a nucleic acid extraction module including one or more—of the following components: a reaction chamber for cell lysis, a bead homogenizer, a nucleic acid purification module, a column, magnetic bead and dipstick.

3. A system for detecting airborne biomolecules, the system comprising: (a) at least one air sampler component having a collector; (b) at least one air pump; (c) at least one biochemical analysis component; (d) at least one biochemical reagent or buffer; (e) at least one biochemical reagent storage component; (f) means for fluid transfer; (g) at least one heat source; (h) a detection module; wherein said air sampler component is connected to said air pump, thereby said airborne molecules are forced to flow into and be captured by the collector of said air sampler component; wherein said biochemical reagent and/or buffer from said biochemical reagent storage component carries and/or mixes with said airborne molecules via said means for fluid transfer, thereby, said airborne biomolecules react with said biochemical reagent at said biochemical analysis component, and produce a reaction product through one or more reaction stages; wherein each said reaction stage is set on a predetermined temperature; wherein said predetermined temperature is maintained by said heat source; wherein said reaction product is detected by said detection module.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein said airborne molecules are nucleic acids and said biochemical reagent causes nucleic acid amplification.

5. The system of claim 3, wherein said means for fluid transfer includes one or more of: a channel, a tube, a capillary, a pump, a syringe, a wax container and heating.

6. The system of claim 3, wherein said reagent storage component includes a wax bead or wax container within said biochemical analysis component, thereby, by heating said biochemical analysis component, said biochemical reagent or buffer is released and mixes with said airborne biomolecules.

7. The system of claim 3, wherein biochemical reagent includes dye molecules, wherein the dye molecules serve as indicia for the amount of amplified nucleic acids.

8. The system of claim 3, wherein the amount of amplified nucleic acids are determined by a FET sensor or a pH test strip.

9. The system of claim 3, wherein said detection module determines the amount of reaction product by at least one of following signals: fluorescence, UV, colorimetric, electrical potential.

10. The system of claim 3, wherein said system further comprise a mesh filter to allow airborne particles with a range of sizes to enter the reaction chamber.

11. The system of claim 3, wherein said air sampler component of system further comprises an air filter as a collector to collect aerosols.

12. The system of claim 3, wherein said air sampler component is a cyclone air sampler.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein said collector of said cyclone air sampler serves as a biochemical analysis component as well, thereby the amplification reaction is within said collector.

14. The system of claim 3, wherein said biochemical analysis component is a fluidic test cassette.

15. A system for detecting airborne biomolecule, the system comprising: (a) at least one air pump; (b) at least one air sampler component having a collector for receiving or collecting airborne biomolecules; (c) at least one biochemical reagent or buffer; (d) a plurality of biochemical analysis components at predetermined positions; (e) at least one biochemical reagent storage component; (f) at least one heat source; (g) means for fluid transfer carrying said airborne biomolecules or reagents of said system to said biochemical analysis component; (h) means for shuttling said plurality of biochemical analysis components; (i) at least one detection module or functional module for amplified nucleic acid or immunoassay; (j) a programmed electronic circuit board with a series or set of instructions; wherein said plurality of biochemical analysis components are configured to receive airborne biomolecules collected for a set time interval and said biochemical reagent or buffer. wherein when a collection of airborne biomolecules for a set time interval is complete for one of the plurality of biochemical analysis components, said biochemical analysis component is replaced with other biochemical analysis component by shuttling said other biochemical analysis component from one position of the system to a predetermined position to receive said collected airborne biomolecules, via said means for shuttling biochemical analysis component, thereby, said air sampler component keeps collecting airborne biomolecules for said other biochemical analysis component. wherein, the fluid transfer means automatically dispenses said buffer or reagent from said biochemical storage component and load said captured airborne molecules from said air sampler component to said biochemical analysis component, thereby, said collected airborne molecules reacts with said biochemical reagent from said biochemical analysis component; wherein the reaction temperature inside said biochemical analysis component is maintained by said heat source, thereby said reaction is conducted at a predetermined temperature; wherein the source of said airborne biomolecules in said biochemical analysis component is determined by said reaction through said detection module or functional module; thereby, with a plurality of biochemical analysis components, said system constantly replaces said biochemical analysis component and determines the presence of target biomolecules in the biochemical analysis component with said detection module for plurality of time intervals.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein said programmed electronic circuit board is accessible by internet via wireless or wired connections.

17. The system of claim 15, wherein said programmed electronic circuit board is linked to a mobile device and said series or set of instructions are updated by the interface on said mobile device.

18. The system of claim 15, wherein said detection module includes one or more of followings: a mobile device, camera, fluorimeter, UV spectrometer, potentiometric sensor, nucleic acid sequencer, pH value stick and lateral flow device, thereby, the reaction results are determined by said detection module.

19. A method for detecting airborne biomolecules, the method comprising the steps of: providing (a) an air pump; (b) an air sampler component having one or more collectors; (c) a biochemical reagent or/and buffer; (d) a heat source with a predetermined temperature suitable for a stage of biochemical reaction; (e) a detection module; collecting airborne biomolecules from environment by connecting said air pump to said air sampler component; thereby, said airborne biomolecules are captured by said one or more collector of said air sampler component; introducing said biochemical reagent or/and buffer to said captured biomolecules on said one or more collector of said air sampler component; thereby, said captured biomolecules are mixed with said biochemical reagent; maintaining said predetermined temperature by said heat source; thereby, said biochemical reagent reacts with said captured biomolecules and produces an amplification reaction product for detection; and detecting said amplification reaction product with said detection module.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein detection results from the detection module are analyzed by a statistics method such as t-test for a confidential level of the presence of the airborne molecules.

21. The method of claim 19, wherein said air sampler component collects said airborne biomolecules for one or more of the plurality of collectors, for a set time interval at a time and said collected airborne biomolecules react with said biochemical reagent or/and buffer; thereby, the results of said reaction can determine the presence of said airborne biomolecules.

22. The method of claim 19, wherein said amplification reaction is a polymerase chain reaction or nucleic isothermal amplification reaction.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING

[0125] FIG. 1 illustrates a portable nucleic acid amplification system;

[0126] FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an embodiment method in terms of operational steps, procedures at the biochemical reaction stage for nucleic acid library preparation;

[0127] FIG. 3A illustrates a nucleic acid amplification system for detection of airborne nucleic acid. In the system, a cyclone air sampler is used to collect airborne biomolecules;

[0128] FIG. 3B illustrates a nucleic acid amplification system for detection of airborne nucleic acid. In the system, a cyclone air sampler with a filter is used to collect airborne biomolecules;

[0129] FIG. 3C illustrates the means for fluid transfer comprise two tubes in the nucleic acid amplification system for detection of airborne nucleic acid;

[0130] FIG. 4A illustrates the assembly of test platform/biochemical analysis components with carousel of a system for detection of airborne biomolecule;

[0131] FIG. 4B illustrates a system for detection of airborne biomolecule with a plural number of collectors of air samples while one of air sampler components is collecting airborne biomolecules;

[0132] FIG. 4C illustrates a system for detection of airborne biomolecule with a plural number of collectors of air samples while the air sampler component which collected airborne molecules in FIG. 4B is receiving biochemical reagent injection;

[0133] FIG. 5 is a flow chart of an embodiment method in term of operational steps or procedures;

[0134] FIG. 6 is images taken for the LAMP reaction of the airborne nucleic acids captured by the device illustrated in FIG. 3A.

[0135] While the present invention has been described above in terms of specific embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to these disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and other embodiments of the invention will come to mind of those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains, and which are intended to be and are covered by both this disclosure and the appended claims. It is indeed intended that the scope of the invention should be determined by proper interpretation and construction of the appended claims and their legal equivalents, as understood by those of skill in the art relying upon the disclosure in this specification and the attached drawings.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

[0136] In one of embodiment, the reaction chamber is an Eppendorf tube without a lid for the biochemical reaction. The reaction chamber is held on a receptacle and receives a nucleic acid sample as an analyte. The means for fluid transfer comprises a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), plastic tube and syringe pump. The PTFE tube is also a reagent storage component. The first PTFE tube stores PCR master mix and connects to the first syringe pump. By moving the plunger of first syringe pump, the stored PCR master mix in the first PTFE tube is transferred to the Eppendorf tube. There is a second PTFE tube connected to a second syringe pump. Once the transfer of PCR master mix to the reaction chamber is complete, by driving the plunger of second syringe PTFE tube, the mineral oil is transferred to the Eppendorf tube to seal the reaction. When the transfer of mineral oil is complete, the Eppendorf tube is heated up to 95 degree C. by first heat source to start DNA denature for a predetermined time interval. The receptacle is then driven by a motor and moves over the second heat source and the temperature of the Eppendorf tube reaches to 55 degree C. for a predetermined time interval for DNA annealing. When the DNA annealing stage is complete, the Eppendorf tube moves to over the third heat source via driving the receptacle with the assembly of motors and gears, and the temperature of Eppendorf tube becomes 72 degree C. for DNA primer extension. The cycle is repeated for 40 times and then the nucleic acid amplification reaction is complete. All movement of each single plunger for the syringe pump is driven by motors. All movement of all motors are controlled by a programmed ARDUNO R3 circuit board. The parameters for the temperature of heat source or movement of motors are programmed by an interface of a mobile device through a Bluetooth connection with HC-05 chip of a ARDUNO Rev3 circuit board. The programmed ARDUNO Rev3 electronic circuit board directly controls all motion of motor. One of non-limited motors used herein is 28BYJ-48.

[0137] In one embodiment, the system comprises a cyclone air sampler as an air sampler component, and the collector is also a reaction chamber which serves as a biochemical analysis component (U.S. Pat. No. 7,370,543B2, Air-sampling device and method of use). Four polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Tube 1 mm ID×3 mm OD connected to four syringe pumps (5 ml) serve as both a biochemical storage component and means for fluid transfer. The bioaerosols, containing 6×10{circumflex over ( )}5 copies of genomic DNA from M13 bacteriophage, is generated and introduced into air by a mesh nebulizer with 300 ul of water. With an air pump, the air with aerosols is directed into the collector via the inlet of cyclone air sampler and aerosols deposit on the collector. Once the collection is complete, the first syringe pushes the 70 ul of buffer/water in the first PET tube into the collector and/or rinse out the target nucleic acid/bioaerosols on the button of collector. The second syringe transfers 30 ul of the reagent for loop mediate isothermal amplification (LAMP) mixes with the buffer rinsed out from the collector and containing target nucleic acid. The method for preparation of the reaction mix and primers is taught in (Method for synthesizing polynucleotides, U.S. Pat. No. 7,374,913). And then the third syringe transfers 100 ul of mineral oil to seal the reaction. The biochemical reaction chamber contacts with water bath of an electronic thermal tumbler or a heat element at 65 degree C. for 1 hour. The temperature of the water bath is setup on the LCD interface of electronic thermal tumbler. After the reaction is complete, the fourth syringe moves the reagent with 10 ul 100× dsGreen dye solution into the reaction. The change in color against control sample indicates the presence of target nucleic acids in bioaerosols.

[0138] In one embodiment, the system comprises an air sampler with a polypropylene filter, and the collector is a reaction chamber serving as a biochemical analysis component. Four PTFE tubes connected to four syringe pumps serving as both a biochemical storage component and means for fluid transfer. The air sampler is connected to an air pump. M13 bacteriophage is added into buffer. The air with aerosols generated from a mesh nebulizer passes through the filter and the bioaerosols are collected on the filter. Once the collection is complete, a PTFE tube dispenses buffer into the collector and immerse the filter, and the mineral oil is added to cover the buffer. The buffer and the immersed filter inside the collector is heated up to 90 degree C. for 5 minutes. Thereby, nucleic acid deposited on the polypropylene or cloth filter is released. Once the temperature of buffer cools down to 65 degree C., the LAMP reaction mix with primers are added into the buffer. The reaction starts and continues at 65 degree C. for 1 hour. After the reaction is complete, the fourth syringe injects the reagent with 0.5 ul 10000× dsGreen dye solution into the reaction. The change in color against control indicates the presence of target nucleic acid in bioaerosol and its hue value is determined by a detection module which is a mobile device.

[0139] In FIG. 1, the exemplary embodiment shows the system includes a mobile device 100 linked to an electronic circuit board 20. The electronic circuit board 20 connects to the means for shutting of a reaction chambers/fluid transfer 90 and optionally to the means for temperature control of reaction chambers 80. The mobile device may be local or connected to internet. The mobile device may communicate with the means for shutting reaction chambers/fluid transfer 90 or the means for temperature control of reaction chambers 80 through a communication module 50 via serial communications or wireless communication. The means for shuttling a reaction chamber 90 or the means for temperature control of reaction chambers 80 may be under control via a processor 60, and the I.O. 70 may report the status of reaction chambers or temperature of heat sources and/or a reaction chamber via an internal or external bus. A non-volatile memory 30 or RAM 40 may store the programs as execute instructions for translocation or/and temperature control of reaction chamber as well as store all records for the status of system or its components. Further the status of components of system may be assessed from the mobile device 100 as well as the executable instructions may be modified or changed via the display 160 or keyboard of the mobile device. An exemplary embodiment of means for temperature control is a relay which controls the power switch for the heat sources such as heating elements. An exemplary embodiment of means for shuttling of a reaction chamber is an arm driven by a motor.

[0140] FIG. 2 illustrates a detail workflow of conduct a series of biochemical reactions or procedures in a chamber or test platform. A reaction chamber receives a bioaerosol sample transferred from an air sampler or a liquid sample from a test subject 201, and enters into the biochemical reaction 208 stage. At the biochemical reaction stage 208, the chamber may be shuttled to the proximity of a heat source in order to maintain the temperature of chamber at x degree for xt minutes by means for shuttling the reaction chamber 202. Or instead of shuttling the reaction chamber, the reaction may be transferred into other chamber with x degree for x minute by means for fluid transfer. Once the reaction finishes the time course of xt minutes, the reaction may enter at y degree for other yt minutes via either shuttling the chamber to have thermal communication with other heat source for y degree 203, or transfer the reaction into other chamber with y degree with means for shuttling reaction chambers or means for fluid transfer, respectively. The process may continue with various temperatures and time intervals in order to complete the sample preparation 207 process and/or biochemical reaction 208. Once the biochemical reaction or sample preparation is complete, the reaction product is either detected by a detection module 204 or collected 205 for further measurement 206 such as sequencing.

[0141] In FIG. 3A, the exemplary embodiment shows the system includes cyclone air sampler 361, a tube 350 connected to an air pump. The air and airborne biomolecules are forced to flow into the cyclone air sampler 361 from the inlet 380 by connecting the tube 350 to an air pump. The flowing airborne biomolecules are captured/collected by the collector of air sampler 360. Once the collection is complete. The reagents from a reagent storage 340 which is a tube, is injected to the collector of air sampler 360 by pushing the plunger of syringe 311. A heating element 370 under the collector of air sampler 360 maintains the reaction temperature. The collector of air sampler 360 is transparent, with introducing dyes, the presence of airborne is determined by the color change against control sample. In one embodiment, the reaction mix in the collector of air sampler 360 can be further transfer to into a reaction chamber 320. Thus, the collector of cyclone air sampler 360 or the reaction chamber 320 serve as a biochemical analysis component while the tube 340 with syringe 311 are means for fluid transfer.

[0142] In one embodiment, the biochemical reagent is stored in a wax bead 362, the wax bead is kept on the biochemical analysis component or reaction chamber (a collector of a cyclone air sampler). Upon heating the wax bead 362 with a heating element 370 (a heat source), the biochemical reagent is released to the collector of cyclone air sampler 360 and causes the reaction at 360. Thus, the means for fluid transfer include wax bead 362 and heating in this embodiment. In one embodiment, released reagents from the wax bead 362 with captured airborne biomolecules are further delivered to the reaction chamber 320. Or in another embodiment, the biochemical reagent with captured airborne biomolecules at 360 is transferred via the tube 325 into reaction chamber 320 by connecting another tube 395 to the reaction chamber 320 and pulling the syringe 390. Herein, in the embodiment, the fluid transfer means include tube 325,395 and syringe 390; and biochemical analysis component is reaction chamber 320. In one embodiment, the reagent is in lyophilized form deposited at the collector of cyclone air sampler 360 and a buffer is delivered into the collector of cyclone air sampler 360 to hydrate the biochemical reagents and carry out the biochemical reaction with the captured airborne biomolecules. Once the biochemical reaction is complete, the camera/detector 300 above the cyclone air sampler may take images of reaction with an optional LED light source 330. Therefore, the LED 330 and camera/detector 300 are a detection module. In one embodiment, the color change of biochemical reaction can be observed by naked eyes. Thus, naked eyes are a detection module. In one embodiment, a FET sensor 322 is placed into the reaction mix in the reaction chamber 320 or the collector of cyclone air sampler 360 to determine the final pH of reaction mix while the pH value of reagents at 310 is predetermined. From the shift of pH value, one may determine if the presence of airborne molecules. Thus, FET sensor 322 is a detection module. In one embodiment, a pH test strip dips into the reaction, and the pH value of reaction is determined by the color change. In this embodiment, a pH test strip is a detection module.

[0143] In FIG. 3B, the exemplary embodiment shows the system includes a biochemical analysis component 480, which is also a collector of cyclone air sampler and connects to an air pump through a tube 450. There is air filter covers one end of the tube 490. The air containing the airborne molecules is forced to flow into the collector of a cyclone air sampler 480 from inlet 460 by connecting to an air pump. The airborne biomolecules are captured by the filter 490. Once the collection is finished, a biochemical reagent is injected into the biochemical analysis component 480 from tube 440 via pushing syringe plunger 410. The reagent or buffer covers, immerses or rinses the filter 490 and carries out the captured molecules into the reagent. The reagent may cause biochemical reaction for detection. The reaction product is detected in the biochemical analysis component 480 or being delivered to the reaction chamber 420 through the tube 425 by pulling syringe plunger 421, the syringe 423 connects to the reaction chamber 420 via tube 422. Both tube 425, 422 and reaction chamber 420 are sealed. Thus, by pulling the syringe plunger 421, air or fluid can be drew in the reaction chamber 420. Under the chamber 480, there may be an optional heat source 470 which maintain a suitable temperature for the biochemical reaction. The 499 is a wax bead which contains reagents for the amplification reaction. The reaction chamber 420 is transparent, in one embodiment, the reaction chamber 420 is used for detection. The LED light source 430 under reaction chamber 420 is used as a light source for image/signal acquisition by a mobile device or detector 400. In one embodiment, a FET sensor is placed in chamber 420 to determine the final pH of reaction mix while the pH value of reagents at 440 is predetermined.

[0144] In FIG. 3C, the exemplary embodiment shows the means for fluid transfer in the system illustrated in FIG. 3B. Within the collector of cyclone air sampler 480, the opening of two tubes 440 and 425 are under one end of tube 450 or the filter 490 so that the dispensed buffer or reagent may cover the filter 490 and can be transferred to reaction chamber 420 via tube 425.

[0145] In FIG. 4A, the exemplary embodiment shows the system has a biochemical analysis component (test platform) 500, and the biochemical analysis component contains a wax bead with reagents inside. The biochemical analysis component is also a collector of a cyclone air sampler and has an air inlet 510 and outlet for air flow 520. The center pole of carousel is a tube 530. One end of the tube 540 is connected to an air pump 599. The tube also has one opening 550. When a motor triggers gears 560 to rotate the carousel, the receptacle 570 holding biochemical analysis components is able to rotate and adjust the location/direction of a biochemical analysis component's air outlet toward the opening on the center pole of carousel, which is the tube 530. Once the opening on the center pole 550 and the outlet of biochemical analysis component 520 are aligned, the air from environment flows through the air inlet of collector 510 to the air outlet 520 of collector (when mounted to the center pole of carousel), and then flows into the center pole of carousel via its opening on 550. Eventually, the air leaves the center pole of carousel from the opening 540, which connects to an air pump 599. The airborne particles are captured on the collector 580, which is also a biochemical analysis component or reaction chamber. The collector 580 is sealed with a transparent plastic film 590. A liquid dispenser can pierce the film and inject a reagent or buffer into the collector 580. Also, the film 590 allows a light to pass through and facilitate image acquisition or optical detection as well as the bottom surface of the carousel 563 so that light can pass through the bottom surface of the carousel 563.

[0146] In FIG. 4B, the exemplary embodiment shows the system has two biochemical analysis components (test platforms) 501 and 511. The air outlet 521 of first biochemical analysis components 501 connects and aligns with the opening of center pole of carousel 551. The air from environment is forced to flow into the first biochemical analysis components 501 for air sample collection. Once a collection of an air sample is complete, the first biochemical analysis components 501 is replaced with second biochemical analysis component 511 by shuttling the second biochemical analysis component from one position of the system to a predetermined position, via the means for shuttling biochemical analysis component 561, a combination of gears and motors. At this predetermined position, the air outlet of biochemical analysis component 511 and the opening of center pole of carousel are aligned and connected. Thereby, the air flows into biochemical analysis component 511, and the second biochemical analysis component 511 continually collects air sample from environment.

[0147] In FIG. 4C, While the air sampler component continuously keeps collecting bioaerosols from the environment into the second biochemical analysis components 511 (which is also a collector of the air sampler component), a liquid dispenser 543 pierces the transparent film 592, and the means for fluid transfer 532—a combination of syringe pump and tube, gears, motors and dispenses the biochemical reagent or buffer from a tube 542, the biochemical storage component, into the first biochemical analysis component 502 at a predetermined location of system. At this predetermined location, there is an oil bath 552 beneath the biochemical analysis component. The first biochemical analysis components 502 is partially immersed at the oil bath 552. Under the oil bath, there is a heating element 562, which maintains the reaction temperature of first biochemical analysis component 502 via heating the oil bath. Once the reaction is complete, the first biochemical analysis component is shuttled to a predetermined position for detecting the amplification reaction result with a LED light source 572 beneath the first biochemical analysis component 502 and a mobile device 582 above first biochemical analysis component. The mobile device takes images of reaction inside first biochemical analysis component 502 and determines the presence of source of biomolecules at aerosols. Thereby, with a plurality of biochemical analysis components, the system has each individual biochemical analysis component to receive a aerosols sample over a set time interval at different time points. Thereby, with a plurality of biochemical analysis components, the system constantly collects the air samples from environment, replaces the biochemical analysis component and determines the presence of target biomolecules in the biochemical analysis component with a detection module or an optional functional module. Wherein, said means for fluid transfer 532, said means for shuttling biochemical analysis component 522 and said heat source 562 are controlled by said programmed electronic circuit board 592. Thereby, the system keeps monitoring bioaerosols in environment. In one embodiment, the programmed electronic circuit board is connected to a mobile device 582 which connects to Internet and provides a user interface for the information of monitoring. In one embodiment, a plurality of biochemical analysis components/collectors of cyclone air sampler collect air sample at the same time for a particular time interval.

[0148] In FIG. 5, the exemplary embodiment methods in the flow chart: providing a system with (i) an air pump, (ii) an air sampler, (iii) biochemical reagent in a reagent storage, (iv) a heat source (vi) a detection module. Collecting airborne biomolecules from environment by connecting an air pump to the air sampler 500. Thus, biomolecules are captured in the collector of said air sampler 510. Introducing the biochemical reagent or buffer in a reagent storage component to the captured biomolecules 520. Therefore, the biochemical reagent reacts with the capture biomolecules at a temperature maintained by the heat source and produces an amplification reaction product for detection 530. Detecting said amplification reaction product with a detection module or detection mean 540. In one embodiment, the detection module is naked eye. In one embodiment, the process repeats a plurality of times 550. Each time with one or more different collectors/filters for air sampling, and the results are analyzed with a statistics method for estimating the confidence levels of results 560. Therefore, the system keeps monitoring bioaerosols in environment.

[0149] In FIG. 6, the exemplary images are taken from the LAMP reactions with collected airborne biomolecules—bacteriophage M13 genome DNA at two different copies numbers. The images on first row are three bioaerosol samples with no bacteriophage M13 genome DNA 610, and the images on second row are three bioaerosol samples with 6×10{circumflex over ( )}7 copies of bacteriophage M13 genome DNA 620. The bacteriophage M13 genome DNA is collected with devices shown in FIG. 3. A blue LED light is used as a light source and the images are taken with a mobile device.

EXEMPLIFICATIONS

[0150] Example 1: In this example, as configured in FIG. 1, the system comprises a mobile device, an electronic circuit board, at least one heat source and one motor driven arm. The electronic circuit board controls the temperature of heat sources and the motors. The electronic circuit board turns on or off the relay for the electricity of heat sources or motors as well. The program of electronic circuit board is updated or changed through a link/connection between the mobile device and electronic circuit board. The user may edit the program on user interface displayed on the mobile device and upload the program to the electronic circuit board. The electronic circuit board controls the arm and heat sources accordingly while the temperature sensors report the temperature to the user on the interface of mobile device via the connection between the electronic circuit board and sensors. In addition, the user interface process and analyzes data (one example of data are the images of reactions taken from mobile device) as well as provides the instruction to guide the user to perform the test or construction of nucleic acid library. The data collected to mobile device is further used for calibration and correction.

[0151] Example 2: In this example, as described in FIG. 2, a user can provide a sample to the system or the system automatically collects the sample. A programmed electronic circuit board controls a combination of motors/gears/arms to shuttle Eppendorf tubes (The Eppendorf tubes are reaction chambers/biochemical analysis components.), and push/pull syringe plungers which dispenses/draws a reagent to/from Eppendorf tubes as means for fluid transfer. The electronic circuit board further controls on/off of PCT heating elements. They are the heat sources maintaining predetermined temperatures for biochemical reaction inside the Eppendorf tubes. A series of biochemical reactions or procedures are carried out with a sample. For instance, by holding a sample with an Eppendorf tube over a heat source at x degree C. for xt second, it controls the reaction temperature and duration. It can also shuttle an Eppendorf tube which has a mix of nucleic acids hybridized with primer labeled magnetic beads. When the magnetic beads of Eppendorf tube is attracted by a magnet, the solution the Eppendorf tube can be replaced via a syringe pump and tube (the syringe pump and tube are the means for fluid transfer.) for purification of nuclei acids. The non-limited examples of procedures or reactions are extraction, purification, reverse transcription, amplification, ligation and amplification for a nucleic acid detection or library construction.

[0152] Example 3: In this example, as configured in FIG. 3A., the airborne biomolecule detection device collects and captures the biomolecules at the collector of cyclone air sampler. The airborne biomolecules are the target nucleic acid from a virus or organism, a biochemical reagent could be one or more of followings: a buffer, water, primer set, nucleotides, DNA polymerase and nucleic acid amplification reagents, which carries target nucleic acid in bioaerosols to a reaction chamber/biochemical analysis component for nucleic acid amplification or, in one embodiment, the nucleic acid amplification is performed at the collector of cyclone air sampler. In one embodiment, the nucleic acid amplification reaction is loop-mediate nucleic acid amplification reaction (LAMP), and the target nucleic acid is bacteriophage M13. With a device shown in FIG. 3A, bioaerosols are generated by a mesh nebulizer with 3×10{circumflex over ( )}4 bacteriophage M13 particles in 300 ul TE buffer solution, and the bioaerosols are directed into 1 gallon enclosed plastic box. The plastic box has two openings. One is for receiving bioaerosols and the other is air inlet of the device shown in FIG. 3A setting. The air pump operates with an air flow rate 625 L/min connected to the cyclone air sampler or the device shown in FIG. 3A. The collection process takes 3 minutes till all bacteriophage M13 solution being aerosolized. The TE buffer is injected into the collector of cyclone air sampler, and carries the bacteriophage M13 nucleic acid.

[0153] The reagent prepared according to (Loop-mediated isothermal amplification of DNA, Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jun. 15; 28 (12): e63.) is injected into the collector of cyclone air sampler and used to determine the presence of bacteriophage M13 nucleic acid. The amplification reaction is conducted for 1 hour at 65 deg C. After completing the reaction, a 1 ul of 100× dsGreen is added to the reaction mix. A mobile device is used to acquire the images of reactions. The tests were carried out three times. From the change in hue values of reaction images, it shows the presence of bacteriophage M13 in the bioaerosols.

[0154] Example 4: In this example, as configured in FIG. 3B, the airborne biomolecule detection device collects and captures the biomolecules at the filter of air sampler. A reagent and/or buffer is injected into the collector of air sampler and rinse out the target nucleic acid from the air filter. The rinsing out target nucleic acid is carried to a reaction chamber via a tube and syringe pump or at the collector of air sampler for nuclei acid amplification as shown in FIG. 3B.

[0155] Example 5: In this example, as configured in FIG. 3B, the reagents is stored at a wax bead. Upon heating at the collector of air sampler component, the reagent is released from the wax bead and reacts with the target nucleic acids.

[0156] While the present invention has been described above in terms of specific embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to these disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and other embodiments of the invention will come to mind of those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains, and which are intended to be and are covered by both this disclosure and the appended claims. It is indeed intended that the scope of the invention should be determined by proper interpretation and construction of the appended claims and their legal equivalents, as understood by those of skill in the art relying upon the disclosure in this specification and the attached drawings.