Method and Control Unit for Controlling a Joining Station

Abstract

A control unit and method for a joining system having at least one joining station, which is designed to join at least one first joining element to a workpiece, determines actual data with respect to a first joining element joined to a current workpiece by the joining station. The control unit and method determine, in accordance with the actual data, a subsequent control instruction for the joining station for joining a first joining element to a subsequent workpiece.

Claims

1. A control unit for a joining system having at least one joining station configured to join at least one first joining element to a workpiece, comprising: the control unit being configured to: determine actual data for a first joining element joined to a current workpiece by the joining station; and take the actual data as a basis for determining a subsequent control instruction for the joining station for joining a first joining element to a subsequent workpiece.

2. The control unit according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is further configured to: determine setpoint data, which are saved in a memory and retrievable, for the first joining element on the current workpiece; and also determine the subsequent control instruction on the basis of the setpoint data.

3. The control unit according to claim 2, wherein determining the subsequent control instruction is on the basis of a deviation in the actual data from the setpoint data.

4. The control unit according to claim 2, wherein the control unit is further configured to: determine a current control instruction for the joining station that was used to join the first joining element to the current workpiece; and customize the current control instruction on the basis of the actual data in order to determine the subsequent control instruction.

5. The control unit according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is further configured to: capture the actual data on the basis of sensor data from one or more sensors configured to detect the first joining element joined to the current workpiece, wherein the one or more sensors comprise one or more of: at least one photographic camera, at least one radar scanner and at least one laser scanner.

6. The control unit according to claim 1, wherein the actual data indicate one or more of: an actual position of the first joining element on the current workpiece; and an actual orientation of the first joining element relative to the current workpiece.

7. The control unit according to claim 1, wherein the subsequent control instruction influences one or more of: a position at which the first joining element is positioned on the subsequent workpiece by the joining station; and an orientation with which the first joining element is attached to the subsequent workpiece by the joining station.

8. The control unit according to claim 1, wherein the joining system comprises a plurality of joining stations that each join one or more joining elements to the current workpiece; the control unit is configured to determine which joining station from the plurality of joining stations joined the first joining element to the current workpiece; and the subsequent control instruction for the determined joining station is determined on the basis of the actual data.

9. The control unit according to claim 1, wherein one or more of: the first joining element comprises a bolt; and the joining station comprises a joining tool configured to join the first joining element to a workpiece.

10. The control unit according to claim 9, wherein the joining tool is a welding tool.

11. The control unit according to claim 1, wherein current and subsequent workpieces are of a same design; and current and subsequent workpieces are part of a road motor vehicle.

12. A method for actuating a joining station configured to join at least one first joining element to a workpiece, the method comprising: determining actual data for a first joining element joined to a current workpiece by the joining station; and determining a subsequent control instruction for the joining station for joining a first joining element to a subsequent workpiece on the basis of the actual data.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] FIG. 1 shows an exemplary joining system having a plurality of joining stations.

[0027] FIG. 2 shows a flowchart for an exemplary method for actuating a joining system as part of a joining process.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] As explained at the outset, the present document is concerned with the efficient and precise placement of joining elements (in particular of bolts) on a workpiece. In this connection, FIG. 1 shows an exemplary joining system 100 having multiple (in particular having two) joining stations 110, 120 (also referred to as a joining installation). The joining stations 110, 120 have moving arms 111, 121 (also referred to as joining robots) by means of which a joining tool 113, 123 (e.g. a welding unit) can be moved to different positions on a workpiece 102 in order to join (in particular to weld) joining elements 103 to the workpiece 102. A joining station 110, 120 can possibly have a plurality of moving arms 111, 121 having a corresponding plurality of joining tools 113, 123.

[0029] The joining stations 110, 120 can be actuated by way of a control unit 101 of the system 100. For each joining element 103 to be attached, the control unit 101 can [0030] access a memory in order to determine the type of joining element 103 that is supposed to be attached; [0031] access a memory in order to determine the setpoint data 105 for the setpoint position at which the joining element 103 is supposed to be placed on the workpiece 102 and/or for the setpoint orientation that the joining element 103 is supposed to have relative to the workpiece 102; and/or [0032] determine the joining station 110, 120 by which the joining element 103 is supposed to be attached to the workpiece 102.

[0033] The aforementioned joining element data may be stored in a memory unit of the control unit 101 (e.g. for a specific workpiece type). The control unit 101 can take the joining element data as a basis for generating one or more control instructions 112, 122 to the one or more joining stations 110, 120 of the system 100 in order to attach the different joining elements 103 to a specific workpiece 102. As such, physically identical workpieces 102 each having a multiplicity of joining elements 103 can be produced sequentially. By way of example, several hundred joining elements 103 (in particular bolts) can be attached to the substructure of a road motor vehicle.

[0034] The system 100 can comprise at least one sensor 107 (in particular a photographic sensor and/or a radar sensor) configured to capture sensor data for a joining element 103 attached to a workpiece 102. By way of example, the sensor data can comprise image data indicating the position and/or the orientation of the joining element 103 on the workpiece 102. The control unit 101 may be configured to take the sensor data as a basis for determining actual data 104 for the actual position and/or the actual orientation of a joining element 103 on a current workpiece 102. The control unit 101 may further be configured to determine the setpoint data 105 for this joining element 103, in particular by accessing a data memory. Additionally, a deviation 106 between the setpoint data 105 and actual data 104 can be determined computationally.

[0035] The determined deviation 106 can be used to customize the actuation of the one or more joining stations 110, 120 when a subsequent (physical identical) workpiece 102 is produced. If a substantial deviation 106 between the actual data 104 and the setpoint data 105 for an exemplary first joining element 103 has been identified for the production of a current workpiece 102, then the control unit 101 can determine which joining station 110, 120 has attached the first joining element 103 to the current workpiece 102. In addition, the control instructions 112, 122 for the identified joining station 110, 120 can be customized for the production of a subsequent workpiece 102, so that the (physically identical) first joining element 103 is placed (i.e. positioned and/or oriented) on the (physically identical) subsequent workpiece 102 correctly.

[0036] In an exemplary fashion, several hundred bolts 103 can be welded to a substructure 102 of a vehicle of a specific vehicle type at different positions and/or with different orientations. In this case, a substructure typically passes through a specific combination of bolt stations 110, 120. Following the fixing of the bolts 103, the bolts 103 can be scanned at a measurement cell or sensor 107 (e.g. at a laser radar). This allows workpieces 102 to be selected at random if need be and each to be 100% measured if need be.

[0037] When determining the actual data 104 of a bolt 103, it is first of all possible for the orientation of the surface of the workpiece 102 to be determined. In addition, the position of the cylinder geometry of the bolt 103 can be determined. It is then possible to determine a point of intersection between the surface of the workpiece 102 and the cylinder axis of the bolt 103 as the actual position of the bolt 103. The difference between actual position and setpoint position results in a deviation 106. The digression or a back-calculation of the surface deviation can then be used to determine a correction value for the actuation of a station 110, 120 for consolidating a subsequent workpiece 102.

[0038] The one or more control instructions 112, 122 for a joining station 110, 120 for joining a first joining element 103 can be corrected on the basis of the determined deviation or on the basis of the determined correction value. The one or more corrected control instructions 112, 122 can then be used for joining the first joining element 103 for a subsequent workpiece 102. As such, precise placement of joining elements 103 can be caused in an efficient manner.

[0039] FIG. 2 shows a flowchart for an exemplary (computer-implemented) method 200 for actuating a joining station 110, 120. The joining station 110, 120 is configured to join at least one first joining element 103 or a joining element 103 of a first joining element type to a workpiece 102. The method 200 comprises determining 201 actual data 104 for a first joining element 103 joined to a current workpiece 102 by the joining station 110, 120. In particular, the actual position and/or the actual orientation can be determined (e.g. on the basis of sensor data from one or more sensors 107).

[0040] The method 200 further comprises determining 202 a subsequent control instruction 112, 122 for the joining station 110, 120 for joining the first joining element 103 (i.e. for joining a joining element 103 of the first joining element type) to a subsequent workpiece 102 on the basis of the actual data 104. In particular, the control instruction 112, 122 used for joining the first joining element 103 (i.e. for joining the joining element 103 of the first joining element type) to the current workpiece 102 can be customized on the basis of the actual data 104 (and if need be on the basis of setpoint data 105).

[0041] The measures described in this document allow physically identical workpieces 102 having a multiplicity of joining elements 103 to be produced in a reliable, fast and precise manner. In addition, the measures described allow a joining system 100 to be calibrated in an automatic manner.

[0042] The foregoing disclosure has been set forth merely to illustrate the invention and is not intended to be limiting. Since modifications of the disclosed embodiments incorporating the spirit and substance of the invention may occur to persons skilled in the art, the invention should be construed to include everything within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereof.