Modular weapon having a striking mechanism for triggering a firing pin
10591241 ยท 2020-03-17
Assignee
Inventors
Cpc classification
F41A25/22
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41A21/06
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41A17/58
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41A11/02
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41A17/76
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41A7/08
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41A3/44
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41F1/08
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41A25/26
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41A19/47
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41A7/00
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41A25/12
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41A19/18
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
International classification
F41A3/00
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41F1/08
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41A25/12
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41A7/08
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41A25/26
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41A3/44
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41A11/02
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41A17/30
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41A17/58
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41A17/76
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41A25/22
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41A21/06
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F41A19/47
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
Abstract
A weapon which has a modular design. The weapon is subdivided into weapon-specific modular assemblies which are designed as carrier units of the components. The modular assemblies include a weapon housing into which a breech system of the weapon and a striking mechanism is provided, a weapon cradle that connects with the weapon housing, and a weapon barrel module. The modular assemblies are connected to each other by rails and guides, by binders and holders, by pins, or by bolts and quick release fasteners.
Claims
1. A weapon comprising: at least one weapon barrel; a weapon housing; a striking mechanism arranged in the weapon housing; a weapon cradle; a breech having a breech head; a breech drive; a securing device connected to a front end of the weapon cradle; a holding-down device connected to a rear end of the weapon cradle; and a weapon drive with a slide for transporting the breech that is moveable by the breech drive, wherein at least the weapon housing and the weapon cradle are configured as modular main assemblies, wherein the striking mechanism is received by the weapon housing for which purpose the weapon housing has a receptacle for the striking mechanism, wherein the breech and the slide have lateral rails and guides which are mechanically connected to complementary rails and guides in the weapon housing by insertion and displacement, and wherein the weapon housing is inserted into the weapon cradle, the weapon housing being held down in the weapon cradle by the holding-down device at the rear end of the weapon cradle and by the securing device at the front end of the weapon cradle.
2. The weapon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weapon drive is configured as a modular main assembly with the breech drive, the weapon drive being releasably connectable to the weapon cradle, and the breech drive of the weapon drive being functionally in connection with the slide on the weapon housing.
3. The weapon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one weapon barrel is mounted in a weapon barrel cluster and the weapon barrel cluster is formed as a module which is carried by a barrel securing device of the weapon housing.
4. The weapon as claimed in claim 3, wherein the barrel securing device comprises at least two fixed steady rests, which have a swingable, removable or pivotable upper part.
5. The weapon as claimed in claim 3, wherein the weapon barrel cluster has in a partial region a control body, which peripherally has a control cam, with which the weapon barrel cluster is turnable about a common barrel cluster axis.
6. The weapon as claimed in claim 5, wherein a barrel changing drive is provided in a T-groove of the weapon cradle and mechanically secured therein by a pin.
7. The weapon as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a modular return damping device, which has two return dampers, which are provided in clearances in the weapon cradle and in cooperating clearances in the weapon housing.
8. The weapon as claimed in claim 1, wherein a carriage-mounting of the weapon takes place at bearing points of the weapon cradle.
9. The weapon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weapon drive is an externally powered or self-powered drive.
10. The weapon as claimed in claim 1, wherein in a fully-assembled state of the weapon, the lateral rails and guides directly contact the complementary rails and guides.
11. The weapon as claimed in claim 1, wherein two free ends of the securing device have U-shaped receptacles that retain bolts of the weapon cradle, such that the securing device is pivotable about the bolts.
12. The weapon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the holding-down device is pivotally connected to the weapon cradle by a semi-circular shaped bolt.
13. The weapon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the striking mechanism includes a trigger rocker, a safety device, a striking hammer, a telescopic pushrod, and a spring mounted around the telescopic pushrod, wherein the trigger rocker acts on the safety device and the safety device interacts with the striking hammer, wherein the spring is tensioned when the breech is advanced and wherein a catching edge of the safety device engages under a catching edge of the striking hammer.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
(1) The present invention will become more fully understood from the detailed description given hereinbelow and the accompanying drawings which are given by way of illustration only, and thus, are not limitive of the present invention, and wherein:
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION
(17) Right, left, forward/front and rear are considered in the firing direction and are thus defined.
(18) In
(19) The weapon 100 includes the main assemblies weapon drive 1, weapon cradle 2 and weapon housing 3. In the preferred configuration, the weapon 100 comprises not just one weapon barrel, but three (5, 5, 5), which together form a weapon barrel cluster module 10.
(20) The weapon housing module 3 serves for receiving the individual parts of the breech system comprising a breech 15 with a breech bolt or breech head 15.1, the striking mechanism 16 and also a firing pin 17, a breech block 20 and a slide 21 (control block) (
(21) A case ejector 18, which engages in a groove 19 in the breech head 15.1, has been pushed laterally into a groove in the weapon housing 3 and anchored in it. This brings about the effect of a reproducible ejection of a cartridge case not represented any more specifically after firing of the munition, when the breech 15 is guided to the rear.
(22) The weapon barrel cluster 10 has in a partial region 10.1 a control body 11, which peripherally has a control cam 12, with which the weapon barrel cluster 10 can be turned about a common barrel cluster axis. The weapon barrels 5, 5, 5 are for their part mounted in a front bearing 10.1 and a rear bushing 10.2 in the weapon barrel cluster 10 and are incorporated in the latter in the manner of a drum. In the rear bushing 10.2, the weapon barrels 5, 5, 5 are preferably caulked. Provided for the turning is a drive 13, preferably an electrical drive, which is configured as a module. Since it is not in continuous use, the drive 13 may be powered by batteries that are not represented any more specifically. Alternatively, the drive 13 may be supplied with power by way of a power cable.
(23) In the front region (
(24) The weapon cradle module 2 (
(25) A T groove 14 incorporated on both sides on the outside of the weapon cradle 2 may be used for receiving further add-on parts such as an ejecting plate 14.1, a munition feed, etc., which can be pushed into the T groove 14.
(26) The internal return in the cradle provides that it is not necessary for the weapon 100 to be mounted on a carriage. The weapon cradle 2 itself forms the carriage-mounting for the weapon 100, by way of which the weapon 100 can be carriage-mounted on a vehicle, etc. For carriage-mounting the weapon 100, the weapon 2 has two bearing points 2.1, 2.2.
(27) Here, the weapon drive module 1 (
(28) The connecting rod 36 is guided in the drive cam 37, which defines the idle times of the weapon 100 or of the breech 15 (also see in this respect DE 10 2008 060 217 A1). A front cam 36.2 of the connecting rod 36 thereby engages in the drive cam 37 and a rear cam 36.1 behind a lug, for example a fixed lug 41, of the slide 21. The length compensation between the connecting rod 36 and the drive cam 37 takes place by the crank 35. Behind the fixed lug 41 there is for example a movable slide 42, by which the connecting rod 36 transports the breech 15 back into the rear position when a shot has been fired, but prevents the breech 15 from being transported if no shot has been discharged. The backlash or the distance between the lug 41 and the movable slide 42 corresponds to the displacement path by which the weapon returns, so that it cannot exert any force on the weapon drive (
(29) In a special configuration, an emergency stop device 40 which is integrated in the weapon cradle 2 and is actuated by the return of the weapon interacts with the movable slide 42. If the return of the weapon does not take place, the emergency stop by the emergency stop device 40 remains engaged.
(30) As a further safety device, during transport of the weapon or of an object carrying the weapon, such as vehicles of all kinds, the weapon barrel cluster 10 may be transferred into a transporting position, the control cam 12 only making a half turn, and the weapon barrel 5 (5, 5) thereby being brought out of line with the breech 15.
(31) The actual assembly, i.e. the putting together of the weapon 100, is now to be explained in more detail on the basis of
(32) In a first assembly step, the unit comprising the striking mechanism 16 with the breech block 20, the breech 15 or breech head 15.1 and also the slide 21 is fastened in the weapon housing 3 (
(33) The fastening of the breech 15 and of the slide 21 on the weapon housing 3 is performed by way of rails/guides/grooves 15.2 on the breech 15 and rails/guides/grooves 21.1 on the slide 21 and also matching rails/guides 3.1 (and grooves) on the weapon housing 3. The breech 15 and the slide 21 are pushed onto the carrier or the weapon housing 3. The pin 30 reaches through the hole in the breech block 20, preferably into a further control cam (not represented any more specifically) located behind and parallel to the front control cam 21.2.
(34) Then, the modular return damping device 4 can be placed into the weapon 100 (
(35) After that, the modular weapon housing 3 fitted with the aforementioned assemblies can be placed into the weapon cradle module 2 (
(36) This holding-down device 31 is represented more specifically in
(37) The front holding down of the weapon housing 3 in the weapon cradle 2 is assumed by a securing device 33, which is configured in a u-shaped manner in the vertical plane and rests with its legs on the weapon housing 3 in the front region with little backlash (
(38) The placing of the barrel changing drive 13 into the barrel cradle 2 is performed in a structural space intended for receiving it (
(39) In a next step, the feeder 8 can be mounted in or on the weapon 100 (
(40) The incorporation of the weapon barrel cluster 10 takes place by placing it into provided barrel securing devices 22 (steady rests 22.1) of the weapon housing 3 (
(41) It goes without saying that the weapon barrel cluster 10 may have just one weapon barrel 5 or also two weapon barrels 5, 5. The weapon barrel cluster module 10 allows these variants without any problem.
(42) When the weapon drive module 1 is mechanically connected to the weapon cradle module 2 by way of quick connections (not represented any more specifically) and, before that, the connecting rod 36 is connected to the carriage or slide 21, the weapon 100 is completely assembled and functionally ready to operate as soon as the weapon drive 1.1 (here a motor) is supplied with power.
(43)
(44) Guided in the second control cam 21.3 is the further, here u-shaped, connecting rod 61, which engages from above in a clearance 15.3 in the breech 15 or the breech head 15.1. When the breech 15 has been locked in its forward, deactivated position by the breech block 20 moved up by means of the front control cam 21.2, the firing pin 17 is released by the second control cam 21.3. For this purpose, the connecting rod 61 is guided along the rear, second control cam 21.3 out of the clearance 15.3. In this position, the weapon housing 3 has a correspondingly upwardly directed pocket 3.2, which allows the connecting rod 61 to be made to extend.
(45) As already described, the control slide 21 is moved by the breech drive. The breech drive is designed such that, in its forward and rear positions, the breech 15 is in each case deactivated, the locking of the breech 15 taking place in the forward position and a munition that is not represented any more specifically being presented to the breech 15 in the rear position. In the deactivated positions, the control slide 21 continues to run. In particular in the forward deactivated position of the breech 15, the locking is then initiated and carried out by the still running control slide 21.
(46) Incorporated in the breech head 15.1 is the firing pin 17 for igniting the munition that is not represented any more specifically. This firing pin 17 has a tip 17.1 at the front and a base 17.2 in the end region 17.3. A striking surface of the firing pin 17 in the end region 17.3 is identified by 17.4. In the preferred configuration, the firing pin 16 is incorporated in the weapon housing 3 underneath the breech 15.
(47) The striking mechanism 16 comprises a trigger rocker 50, which is in functional connection with the breech block 20 by way of the pin 30. The trigger rocker 50 for its part acts on a safety device 51 for a release 52 and the latter functionally interacts with a striking hammer 53. For its actuation, the striking hammer 53 receives a telescopic pushrod 53.1. The pushrod 53.1 is supported by its other end on a tensioning slide 54, which is in mechanical connection with the control slide 21. Mounted around the telescopic pushrod 53.1 is a spring 53.2.
(48) The trigger rocker 50 acts with a lug 50.1 on the safety device 51 and can press it down. On the upper edge, the trigger rocker 50 has a claw 50.2. This claw 50.2 serves for receiving a carrier dog 55 that acts on a front striking surface 17.4 and comes into contact with the claw 50.2 when the breech 15 has been fed and deactivated. The carrier dog 55 is for its part designed such that it lies against a front striking surface 17.4 of the firing pin 17 and can be pivoted about a pivot point. The striking surface 17.4 of the firing pin 17 is preferably incorporated in a projecting manner as a firing pin projection 17.4. The rear striking surface 17.5 (rear firing pin projection) in the end region 17.3 of the firing pin 17 defines a displacement path S, over which the firing pin 17 moves in order to be brought into its igniting position (firing position).
(49) For the firing pin 17 without a spring to be dependably carried along and guided, preferably two carrier dogs 55 are incorporated. These also have in each case a lateral pin 55.1. During the transport of the breech 15 into its rear position and forward position, these pins 55.1 respectively slide together with the firing pin 17 and the breech 15 in an associated guide 3.1 or groove incorporated laterally in the weapon housing 3 (
(50)
(51) With a resting, relaxed spring 53.2, the striking hammer 53 lies underneath the breech head 15.1 in the striking mechanism 16. The breech block 20 is in its rest position and is deactivated. The trigger rocker 50 has been pulled down and is not exerting any pressure on the safety device 51. The safety device 51 is blocking the trigger 52, which engages with its catching edge 52.1 under the catching edge 53.3 of the striking hammer 53.
(52) When there is forward movement of the slide 21, and consequently of the breech 15, the tensioning slide 54, which also brings about the release of the striking hammer 53 and thereby of the shot, is also moved. The pushrod 53.1 of the striking hammer 53 is guided along a slot 100.2, which is in the trigger housing 100.1 of the weapon 100. In the deactivated forward position of the breech 15, if the breech drive and the control slide 21 continue to run but the breech 15 itself is not moved any further, the spring 53.2 is partially tensioned. The spring 53.2 is then tensioned by the continued running oft he control slide 21 and consequently of the tensioning slide 54. The breech 15 is locked by the moving up of the breech block 20 along the control cam 21.2.
(53) With the moving up of the breech block 20, the trigger rocker 50 is pressed against a spring 51.1 of the safety device 51. The trigger rocker 50 at the same time pulls down with it the carrier dog 55, which ran into the clearance 50.3 when the breech head 15.1 advanced. For this purpose, the weapon housing 3 has on both sides a downwardly facing pocket 3.4 for the downward yielding of the pins 55.1 of the carrier dog 55. This downward displacement path that is incorporated in the pocket 3.4 should correspond to the displacement path S of the firing pin 17 that the latter requires for its function as a triggering mechanism. The carrier dog 55 thereby releases the firing pin 17.
(54) At the same time, the trigger rocker 50 presses against the safety device 51, and consequently against the spring 51.1. With the pressing down of the safety device 51, the latter releases the displacement path for the trigger 52. The engagement of the striking hammer 53 on the catching edge 52.1 of the trigger 52 persists. This holding is assisted by a trigger spring 52.3.
(55) Guided here in the second control cam 21.3 of the control slide 21 is the further, here u-shaped, connecting rod 61 or bridge, which engages from above by way of its clearance 61.3 in a clearance 15.4 in the breech head 15.1 and also in a clearance 17.6 (
(56) Then, all of the safety devices for the firing pin 17 have been released.
(57) The actual mechanical triggering of the striking hammer 53 takes place by the tensioning slide 54 (
(58) The trigger rocker 50 in interaction with the carrier dog 55 can also serve for limiting the displacement path of the firing pin 17. In this case, the carrier dog 55 acts on the front striking surface 17.4 of the firing pin 17 when it has traveled over the displacement path S.
(59) When the shot is discharged and the control slide 21 transfers the breech 15 or the breech head 15.1 back into its rear position, the breech block 20 is deactivated. The trigger rocker 50 is moved up. The (hammer) spring 53.2 is completely relaxed again by way of the tensioning slide 54 and the striking hammer 53 is pressed to the rear by the breech 15 or the breech head 15.1 itself and deactivated (held). With the sliding back of the tensioning slide 54, the roller 52.2 of the trigger 52 is transferred by way of its trigger spring 52.3 into its original position. In this case, the trigger 52 is turned back about the pivot point D. After that, the safety device 51 for the trigger 52 is placed over the spring 52.3. This sequence takes place in an extremely short time.
(60) As long as the breech 15 is acting on the relaxed striking hammer 53 brought rearwardly into the weapon housing 3 or into the trigger housing 100.1, the catching edge 52.1 of the trigger 52 and the catching edge 53.3 of the striking hammer 53 are not in direct engagement. With the advancement of the breech 15 and the emergence of the striking hammer 53 from the weapon housing 3 (trigger housing 100.1), its catching edge 53.3 impinges on the awaiting catching edge 52.1 of the trigger 52.
(61) For the weapon 100 to function or operate without canting, a forcible guidance of all the movable components of the weapon 100 is provided (increasing the safety and also the functional dependability). The weapon housing 3 therefore also has on both sides a groove or guide for guiding the pins 55.1 of the carrier dog 55.
(62)
(63) For the weapon 100 to be safely interrupted and brought into a state in which it is made safe, in particular in the event of a power failure, a magnet 71 is provided, interacting with a safety device 70. The safety device 70 is formed by a bolt 70.2 guided longitudinally on a rod 70.1. This bolt is guided forwardly and rearwardly with the breech 15 or breech head 15.1. In the event of a power failure, this magnet 71 drops out and presses onto the rod 70.1 by its spring. The rod 70.1 moves the bolt 70.2, which lies transversely in relation to the firing pin 17, into the breech 15, for example by tilting of the rod 70.1, so that the bolt 70.2 comes into engagement with a hole 17.7 in the firing pin 17. The firing pin 17 can in this way be secured in any position of the breech 15 within the weapon. This complies with the requirement for EOC safety (Electrical Operated Control). This EOC requirement stipulates that there must be a safety device on the last function of the weapon. The safety device can be used in the case of a weapon 100 as described above, with at least one weapon barrel 5, 5, 5, a weapon housing 3, a striking mechanism 16 incorporated in the weapon housing 3, a weapon cradle 2, and a weapon drive 1, with the slide 21 for transporting a breech 15 or breech head 15.1, which is moved by a breech drive 35, 36, 37.
(64) As already explained, the striking mechanism described above is not restricted to use for falling-block breech actions 20. It may also be envisaged to use it for other kinds of breech action that are generally known, for instance also for toplever lock breech actions (DE 10 2005 045 824 B3, which is incorporated herein by reference). The striking mechanism can also be used independently of the kind of drive (DE 10 2009 011 939 A1, which is incorporated herein by reference; externally or self-powered) of the weapon 100 itself.
(65) The invention being thus described, it will be obvious that the same may be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such modifications as would be obvious to one skilled in the art are to be included within the scope of the following claims.