Abstract
A faade structure is described, preferably a curtain-wall back-ventilated faade structure, with a substructure formed from support profiles which is arranged in front of a building wall and anchored fixedly in the floor and/or in the building wall, with extruded faade tiles made of ceramic material, preferably clay material, which are fastened to the substructure via tile holders. In order to be able to arrange the faade tiles in the vertical format, in addition to the tile holders which grip on the vertical edges of the faade tiles, it is provided that weight-supporting holders, which have receivers which engage in each case in a lower edge of the faade tiles, are fastened to the support profiles to which the tile holders are fastened or to further support profiles of the substructure directly or via separate supports.
Claims
1. A faade structure, with a substructure formed of support profiles, which is arranged in front of a building wall and anchored fixedly in the floor and/or in the building wall, with faade tiles formed with ridges and/or extruded, which are fastened to the substructure via tile holders, wherein all or only some of the support profiles have the tile holders, wherein the tile holders are fastened to the support profiles directly or via separate supports, and the tile holders have receivers, which engage with edge areas of the faade tiles to fasten the faade tiles, and wherein the faade tiles are arranged in and/or in front of the substructure with the longitudinal extent of their ridges and/or extrusion direction aligned vertically, and wherein the engagement of the receiver of the tile holders is formed on opposite vertical edges of the faade tiles, and wherein weight-supporting holders, which have receivers which grip in each case on a lower edge of the faade tiles, are fastened to the support profiles to which the tile holders are fastened or to further support profiles of the substructure directly or via separate supports.
2. The faade structure according to claim 1, wherein the faade tiles are formed from ceramic material.
3. The faade structure according to claim 1, wherein upper support holders, which have receivers which grip in each case on an upper edge of the faade tiles, are fastened to the support profiles to which the tile holders are fastened or to further support profiles of the substructure directly or via separate supports.
4. The faade structure according to claim 3, wherein the receivers grip in each case on a horizontal edge of the faade tiles.
5. The faade structure according to claim 1, wherein the weight-supporting holder and/or the upper support holder is or are fastened to the support profile by a screw connection and/or a rivet connection and/or a clamping connection and/or a positive-locking plug-in device.
6. The faade structure according to claim 3, wherein the weight-supporting holder or/and the receiver of the weight-supporting holder or/and the upper support holder or/and the receiver of the upper support holder is or are arranged concealed behind the assigned faade tile or behind the assigned faade tiles.
7. The faade structure according to claim 1, wherein the receiver of the tile holder which engages with the vertical edge area of the faade tile is formed U-shaped.
8. The faade structure according to claim 7, wherein the receiver of the tile holder which engages with the vertical edge area of the faade tile is formed as a double receiver with two U-shaped receivers facing away from each other.
9. The faade structure according to claim 1, wherein the tile holder or/and the receiver of the tile holder is or are arranged concealed behind the assigned faade tile or behind the assigned faade tiles.
10. The faade structure according to claim 1, wherein the vertical edges of the faade tile on which the tile holders engage with their receivers are formed on vertical outside edges of the faade tile.
11. The faade structure according to claim 10, wherein the vertical outside edges are in each case formed with at least one ridge edge on opposite sides of the faade tile, the outside edges having in each case a back ridge edge and a front ridge edge or one outside edge having a back ridge edge and a front ridge edge and the other outside edge having only a back ridge edge.
12. The faade structure according to claim 1, wherein several tile holders, which engage with opposite vertical edges of the faade tiles, wherein the support profile is arranged horizontally, are fastened to the support profile in horizontal alignment.
13. The faade structure according to claim 12, wherein the several tile holders engage with opposite vertical edges of a horizontal row of faade tiles and are detachably fastened to the support profile in horizontal alignment.
14. The facade structure according to claim 1, wherein several tile holders, which engage with vertical edges of the faade tile, wherein the support profile is arranged vertically, are fastened, to a support profile in vertical alignment.
15. The faade structure according to claim 14, wherein the several tile holders engage with vertical edges of the faade tile in a vertical row of faade tiles, and are detachably fastened to a support profile in vertical alignment.
16. The faade structure according to claim 1, wherein the faade tiles are impinged on by a press-on device for the purpose of a shake-proof arrangement.
17. The faade structure according to claim 16, wherein the press-on device is formed by separate press-on elements, wherein each of the press-on elements has a compression spring device and acts directly only on an assigned faade tile.
18. The faade structure according to claim 17, wherein the press-on element is arranged concealed behind an assigned faade tile and supported against the substructure.
19. A construction set for the production of a faade structure, selectively as a vertical faade structure or as a horizontal faade structure, in each case made of faade tiles with ridges and/or extruded, wherein, in the vertical faade structure, the faade tiles are aligned with the longitudinal extent of their ridges and/or the extrusion direction vertical, and wherein, in the horizontal faade structure, the faade tiles are aligned with the longitudinal extent of their ridges and/or the extrusion direction horizontal, and wherein the construction set comprises the following components: a) several support profiles, which are fastenable to a building wall or to the floor directly or via intermediate supports to form a substructure; b) several tile holders with a receiver for engaging with an edge section of the faade tiles, wherein the tile holders are formed for fastening to one of the support profiles; c) several weight-supporting holders with a receiver for bearing the faade tiles, wherein the weight-supporting holder is formed for fastening to one of the support profiles; d) extruded faade tiles formed with ridges and/or extruded; and wherein the following components are necessarily used to produce a vertical faade structure: a), b), c), d), and wherein the following components are necessarily used to produce a horizontal faade structure: a), b), d).
20. A method for producing a faade structure, formed as a vertical faade structure and/or as a horizontal faade structure, in each case made of faade tiles with ridges and/or extruded, wherein the vertical faade structure is formed in such a way that the faade tiles are arranged on a substructure arranged in front of a building wall via tile holders, with the longitudinal extent of their ridges and/or the extrusion direction aligned vertically, and wherein the horizontal faade structure is formed in such a way that the faade tiles are arranged on a substructure arranged in front of a building wall via tile holders, with the longitudinal extent of their ridges and/or the extrusion direction aligned horizontally, and wherein the following components are used to produce the vertical faade structure: substructure components comprising support profiles, which are fastenable to the building wall or to the floor directly or via intermediate supports to form the substructure; tile holders with a receiver for engaging with an edge section of the faade tiles, wherein the tile holders are formed for fastening to one of the support profiles; weight-supporting holders with a receiver for bearing the faade tiles, wherein the weight-supporting holder is formed for fastening to one of the support profiles; and extruded faade tiles; and the following components are used to produce the horizontal faade structure: substructure components comprising support profiles, which are fastenable to a building wall or to the floor directly or via intermediate supports to form a substructure; tile holders with a receiver for engaging with an edge section of the faade tiles, wherein the tile holders are formed for fastening to one of the support profiles; and extruded faade tiles.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0063] The invention is now explained in more detail with reference to figures.
[0064] There are shown in:
[0065] FIG. 1a first faade structure as a horizontal faade structure in a perspective view;
[0066] FIG. 1a the faade structure of FIG. 1 in a schematic side view;
[0067] FIG. 2 a second faade structure as a vertical faade structure in a perspective view;
[0068] FIG. 3 a press-on element from the faade structure of FIG. 2 in a detail representation;
[0069] FIG. 4 a press-on element modified compared with FIG. 3;
[0070] FIG. 5a schematic side view of the faade structure as a vertical faade structure from FIG. 2 with cuts into the lower or upper edge of the faade tile for a weight-supporting holder;
[0071] FIG. 5b schematic side view of the faade structure as a vertical faade structure from FIG. 2 with a weight-supporting holder in the cuts.
[0072] FIG. 5c schematic side view of the faade structure as a vertical faade structure from FIG. 2 with a second design of the cuts and U-shaped angled brackets.
[0073] FIG. 5d schematic side view of the faade structure as a vertical faade structure from FIG. 2 with a third design of the cuts and H-shaped angled brackets.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0074] FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a faade structure 1 and FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of a faade structure 1. Correspondingly, they are in each case a faade structure with faade tiles 12, which are arranged on a substructure 4 in front of a building wall 11. The faade tiles 12 are in each case extruded tiles made of ceramic material which are rectangular in outline. The tiles are rectangular in outline and have parallel elongated holes 12l running in the extrusion direction SPR. The elongated holes 12l are arranged evenly distributed over the outline face of the tile in the longitudinal centre plane of the tiles at an identical mutual distance. The faade tiles 12 are arranged in the faade structure of FIGS. 1 and 2 in each case such that their fronts are aligned with each other in each case, forming a common front plane F.
[0075] Regarding now the differences between the two embodiments in FIGS. 1 and 2:
[0076] In the first embodiment of the faade structure 1 represented in FIG. 1 the faade tiles 12 are arranged in the horizontal format, i.e. the faade tiles 12 are arranged in the faade structure such that their extrusion direction SPR is arranged horizontally. In contrast, in the second embodiment of the faade structure represented in FIG. 2 the faade tiles 12 are arranged in vertical format, i.e. the faade tiles 12 are arranged in this faade structure such that their extrusion direction SPR is arranged vertically. The faade tiles 12 are designed identically in both embodiments of the faade structure. They are simply in horizontal format in FIG. 1 and in vertical format in FIG. 2, i.e. arranged rotated by 90 about their vertical axis.
[0077] In the case of the first faade structure in FIG. 1 the substructure 4 is formed by vertical support profiles 41. Tile holders 13 are fastened to the support profiles 41 in vertical rows. The tile holders 13 in each case have an H-shaped receiver 13h. Faade tiles 12 arranged in each case in a vertical line engage in the H-shaped receivers 13h with their back ridge edges facing the receiver. The back ridge edges are offset relative to the forward front of the faade tile backwards in the direction of the building wall 11. The faade tiles 12 in FIG. 1 have a single head ridge 12ko in each case on their upper edge; this is formed in the back plane. On their lower edge the faade tiles have in each case a longer base ridge 12fl in a front plane and a shorter base ridge 12fk in the back plane. The head ridge 12ko of the lower faade tile 12 engages in the lower receiver of the H-shaped receiver 13h. The back short base ridge 12fk of the upper faade tile 12 engages in the upper receiver, wherein the longer base ridge 12fl covers the H-shaped receiver 13h on the front.
[0078] The faade tiles 12 are thus held in the faade structure in FIG. 1 via the tile holders 13 in that tile holders 13 grip in each case on the upper edge and on the lower edge with their H-shaped receivers 13h, namely on the upper edge of the faade tile with the lower receiver of the H-shaped receiver and on the lower edge of the faade tile with the upper receiver of the H-shaped receiver.
[0079] As can be seen in FIG. 1, vertical joints VF are formed between horizontally adjacent faade tiles. Joint profiles 18 engage in these joints. The joint profiles 18 are formed as spring steel sheet profiles with a substantially -shaped cross section with angled base arms. The joint profile 18 is arranged between the front of the support profile 41 and the back of the faade tiles horizontally adjacent to each other via the joint. The joint profile 18 extends along the longitudinal centre axis of the support profile 41 over several horizontal rows of the faade tiles. The joint profile 18 impinges on the faade tiles such that they are pushed into the receivers 13h of the tile holders 13 in the direction towards the front of the faade structure and come to bear against the inside of the front arm of the U-shaped receivers of the tile holders 13. The joint profile 18 thus ensures a shake-proof arrangement of the faade tiles in the tile holders 13.
[0080] In the case of the tile holders 13 used in the embodiment in FIG. 1, clip-shaped stainless steel springs 13f made of sheet steel, which engage in assigned rearward grooves in the faade tiles and thus prevent the faade tiles from lifting off, are integrated in the receivers of the tile holders. Such stainless steel springs 13f in receivers of tile holders are described e.g. in EP 1 878 847 A2.
[0081] In the case of the second embodiment of the faade structure represented in FIG. 2as stated this is a vertical faade structurethe substructure 4 is formed by horizontal support profiles 42. Tile holders 13 are fastened to the support profiles 42 in horizontal rows. The tile holders 13 are constructed identically to the tile holders in FIG. 1. They have H-shaped receivers 13h with clip-shaped stainless steel springs 13f integrated therein. In particular in the case of this use of the tile holders 13 in the vertical faade structure, in particular embodiments clip-shaped stainless steel springs 13f can be arranged in the H-shaped receivers in both receivers in order to hold the engaging ridge edge. The tile holders 13 grip with their H-shaped receivers on the vertical side edges of the faade tiles 12 arranged in vertical format. In each case the back ridge edges of the faade tiles engage in the receivers of the tile holders 13. The engagement of the lateral ridge edges in FIG. 2 in the H-shaped receivers of the tile holders 13 is effected in a manner corresponding to the engagement of the upper and lower ridge edges in the case of the horizontal faade structure in FIG. 1. The horizontal support profiles 42 in FIG. 2 are preferably identical components to those in the case of the vertical support profiles 41 of FIG. 1, wherein those in FIG. 2 are simply arranged in a horizontal arrangement, i.e. rotated 90 about the vertical axis. The tile holders 13 in FIG. 2 are preferably also tile holders which are formed identically and are arranged on the support profiles 42 identically to the tile holders 13 in FIG. 1. However, the tile holders 13 in the faade structure in FIG. 2 differ from the tile holders 13 in the faade structure in FIG. 1 with respect to the function. In FIG. 2 the tile holders 13 simply bear the wind loads, as they simply grip laterally with their receivers on the vertical edges of the faade tiles.
[0082] In the vertical faade structure in FIG. 2 separate angled brackets 19 with an angular L-shaped receiver are attached to the support profiles 42 to support the weight loads. The fastening of the angled brackets 19 to the support profiles 42 is effected, as shown in FIG. 2, via a screw or rivet connection on the front of the support profile 42 outside the fastening rows of elongated holes, in which the angled brackets 19 are fastened via a rivet connection. The faade tiles 12 bear with their lower edges on the angled brackets 19. For this, the free arm of the angular L-shaped receiver of the angled brackets 19 grips underneath the lower edge of the faade tiles 12, preferably without protruding at the front (see FIG. 5).
[0083] As shown in FIG. 5, the angled bracket 19 gripping on the lower edge of the faade tile 12 can be concealed by a ridge which is formed by a lower cut 12a on the lower edge of this faade tile, and additionally by a ridge which is formed by an upper cut 12b on the upper edge of the faade tile 12 adjoining it at the bottom. The support holder 19 engages between the lower horizontal edge of the upper faade tile and the upper horizontal edge of the faade tile adjoining it at the bottom. At the front, the angled bracket 19 is concealed by the ridge which is formed as a front ridge in each case by the lower cut 12a on the lower horizontal edge and by the upper cut 12b on the upper horizontal edge of the faade tile.
[0084] As shown in FIG. 5c, in embodiments modified compared with FIG. 2, the angled bracket 19 can also be formed bent, i.e. in the broadest sense with a U-shaped cross section, and can engage in a groove cut into the lower edge of the faade tile 12. The lower edge of the faade tiles can be formed in the broadest sense with a front ridge and a back ridge and the angled bracket 19 can grip around the back ridge edge.
[0085] In embodiments modified compared with FIG. 2, the upper edge of the faade tiles 12 can also be formed with a comparable groove or with a front ridge and a back ridge (see FIG. 5d). The angled bracket 19 can have a bend on its underside and can correspondingly engage in the lower edge of the faade tiles, i.e. can engage in the groove or grip around the back ridge. Alternatively, a separate upper support holder, which is fastened to the support profile 42 separately, can also be provided for the engagement in the upper edge of the faade tiles 12. For this, the support holder can be formed with a substantially L-shaped cross section with a bend on its underside.
[0086] For the shake-proof arrangement of the faade tiles 12 in the H-shaped receivers 13h of the tile holders 13, press-on elements 28 arranged in each case concealed behind the faade tiles 12 are provided in the vertical faade structure in FIG. 2 instead of the joint profiles 18 used in FIG. 1. The press-on elements 28 cooperate in each case individually with a faade tile 12, i.e. one separate press-on element 28 per faade tile 12. The press-on elements 28 are formed of spring steel sheet. They have a spring clip 28f and a fastening section 28b. The press-on element 28 is arranged between the front of the support profile 42 and the back of the faade tile 12 and acts on the back of the faade tile 12 with the outside of the spring clip 28f and impinges on the faade tile in the direction towards the front of the faade structure. The press-on elements 28 are fastened to the support profile 42 with their fastening section 28b in the faade structure represented in FIG. 2, namely via a rivet connection in an elongated hole of the row of elongated holes, in which the tile holders 13 are also fastened.
[0087] The fastening of the press-on elements 28 is effected in the elongated holes of the row of elongated holes 42l, which is formed in the support profile. The tile holders 13 are also fastened in the same row of elongated holes 42l, namely in the same way as the press-on elements 28. In the same way, in the case of the faade structure in FIG. 1 the tile holders 13 are also fastened in the corresponding row of elongated holes 41l in the support profile 41. This is a fastening such as is known from EP 2 186 966 A2.
[0088] Unlike the press-on element 28 used in FIG. 2, the modified embodiment of the press-on element 28 represented in FIG. 4 has a fastening section, which is formed as a clamping lug. For the fastening, the clamping lug cooperates with the elongated hole of the row of inclined elongated holes 42l selected for the respective position in the profile support 42, namely forming a clamping connection. For this, the clamping lug, as represented in the detail representation in FIG. 4, has an inclined end edge, in which a Z-shaped bend is formed. The incline of the end edge corresponds to the angle of inclination of the elongated hole of the row of elongated holes. In the clamping position the Z-shaped bend engages in the elongated hole and is pushed in as far as it will go, with the result that the Z-shaped bend grips behind the section of the support profile behind the elongated hole. The press-on element 28 in the different embodiments of FIGS. 3 and 4 can also be used in the case of the horizontal faade structure represented in FIG. 1, namely fastened to the support profile 41 in a manner corresponding to what was described above for the faade structure of FIG. 2. The press-on element 28 can thus replace the joint profile 18 or be used in addition to the joint profile 18.
LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
[0089] 1 faade structure [0090] 4 substructure [0091] 41 support profile (FIG. 1) [0092] 41b fastening section of 41 [0093] 41l row of elongated holes in 41 [0094] 42 support profile (FIG. 2) [0095] 42l row of elongated holes in 42 [0096] 11 building wall [0097] 12 faade tile [0098] 12a lower cut for a weight-supporting holder/angled bracket [0099] 12b upper cut for a weight-supporting holder/angled bracket [0100] 12l elongated hole [0101] 12ko head ridge=single back ridge edge at the head [0102] 12fl base ridge long=front ridge edge at the base [0103] 12fk base ridge short=back ridge edge at the base [0104] 13 tile holder [0105] 13h H-shaped receiver of the tile holder [0106] 13f stainless steel spring [0107] 18 joint profile [0108] 19 angled bracket, weight-supporting holder [0109] 28 press-on spring element [0110] 28f spring clip [0111] 28b fastening section [0112] 28bl fastening hole [0113] 28bz Z-shaped bend [0114] SPR extrusion direction [0115] F front plane of the faade structure [0116] VF vertical joint
