Apparatus and Method for Controlling Bidirectional On Board Charger of Electric Vehicle

Abstract

An embodiment apparatus for an electric vehicle includes an indoor power outlet configured to receive power through one of a plurality of lines except for a single-phase alternating current (AC) charging line among three-phase AC input lines, a sensor configured to measure a required current of an electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet, and a controller configured to control a bidirectional on board charger of the electric vehicle based on the required current.

Claims

1. An apparatus for an electric vehicle, the apparatus comprising: an indoor power outlet configured to receive power through a line except for a single-phase alternating current (AC) charging line among three-phase AC input lines; a sensor configured to measure a required current of an electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet; and a controller configured to control a bidirectional on board charger of the electric vehicle based on the required current.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the bidirectional on board charger includes a three-phase bidirectional power factor corrector having six switches, wherein a first switch and a fourth switch form a first leg, a second switch and a fifth switch form a second leg, a third switch and a sixth switch form a third leg, the single-phase AC charging line is connected to the first leg, a second line of the three-phase AC input lines is connected to the second leg, and a third line of the three-phase AC input lines is connected to the third leg.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the controller is configured to control the first and fourth switches of the first leg and the third and sixth switches of the third leg to operate in a single-phase charging mode or a vehicle to grid (V2G) mode, and to control the second and fifth switches of the second leg to supply power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet while operating in the single-phase charging mode or the V2G mode when the indoor power outlet receives power through the second line.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the controller is configured to control the second and fifth switches of the second leg while being synchronized with a phase of a voltage applied through the single-phase AC charging line.

5. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising: an outdoor power outlet configured to receive power through the single-phase AC charging line; and a sensor configured to measure required power of an electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet; and wherein the controller is configured to control the first and fourth switches of the first leg and the third and sixth switches of the third leg to supply power to the electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet, and to control the second and fifth switches of the second leg to supply power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet when the indoor power outlet receives power through the second line.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the bidirectional on board charger includes a three-phase bidirectional power factor corrector having eight switches, wherein a first switch and a fourth switch form a first leg, a second switch and a fifth switch form a second leg, a third switch and a sixth switch form a third leg, a seventh switch and an eighth switch form a fourth leg, the single-phase AC charging line is connected to the first leg, a second line of the three-phase AC input lines is connected to the second leg, a third line of the three-phase AC input lines is connected to the third leg, and an N-phase line is connected to the fourth leg.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the controller is configured to control the first and fourth switches of the first leg and the seventh and eighth switches of the fourth leg to operate in a single-phase charging mode or a vehicle to grid (V2G) mode, and to control the second and fifth switches of the second leg to supply power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet while operating in the single-phase charging mode or the V2G mode when the indoor power outlet receives power through the second line.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the controller is configured to control the second and fifth switches of the second leg while being synchronized with a phase of a voltage applied through the single-phase AC charging line.

9. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising: an outdoor power outlet configured to receive power through the single-phase AC charging line; and a sensor configured to measure required power of an electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet; and wherein the controller is configured to control the first and fourth switches of the first leg and the seventh and eighth switches of the fourth leg to supply power to the electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet, and to control the second and fifth switches of the second leg to supply power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet when the indoor power outlet receives power through the second line.

10. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the controller is configured to control the first and fourth switches of the first leg, the second and fifth switches of the second leg, and the seventh and eighth switches of the fourth leg to operate in a single-phase charging mode or a vehicle to grid (V2G) mode, and to control the third and sixth switches of the third leg to supply power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet while operating in the single-phase charging mode or the V2G mode when the indoor power outlet receives power through the third line.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the controller is configured to control the second and fifth switches of the second leg while being synchronized with a phase of a voltage applied through the single-phase AC charging line.

12. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising: an outdoor power outlet configured to receive power through the single-phase AC charging line; and a sensor configured to measure required power of an electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet; and wherein the controller is configured to control the first and fourth switches of the first leg, the second and fifth switches of the second leg, and the seventh and eighth switches of the fourth leg to supply power to the electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet, and to control the third and sixth switches of the third leg to supply power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet when the indoor power outlet receives power through the third line.

13. An apparatus for an electric vehicle, the apparatus comprising: an indoor power outlet configured to receive power through one of a plurality of lines except for a single-phase AC charging line among three-phase alternating current (AC) input lines; a sensor configured to measure a required current of an electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet; and a controller configured to control a bidirectional on board charger based on the required current; a first module in which a first single-phase bidirectional power factor corrector (PFC) and a first bidirectional DC/DC converter are connected in series, wherein the single-phase AC charging line is connected to the first module; a second module in which a second single-phase bidirectional PFC and a second bidirectional DC/DC converter are connected in series, wherein a second line of the plurality of lines is connected to the second module; and a third module in which a third single-phase bidirectional PFC and a third bidirectional DC/DC converter are connected in series, wherein a third line of the plurality of lines is connected to the third module and wherein the first module, the second module, and the third module are connected in parallel.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the controller is configured to control the first module to operate in a single-phase charging mode or a vehicle to grid (V2G) mode, and to control the second module to supply power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet while operating in the single-phase charging mode or the V2G mode when the indoor power outlet receives power through the second line.

15. The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising: an outdoor power outlet configured to receive power through the single-phase AC charging line; and a second sensor configured to measure required power of an electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet; and wherein the controller is configured to control the first module to supply power to the electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet, and to control the second module to supply power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet when the indoor power outlet receives power through the second line.

16. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the controller is configured to control the first module and the second module to operate in a single-phase charging mode or a vehicle to grid (V2G) mode, and to control the third module to supply power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet while operating in the single-phase charging mode or the V2G mode when the indoor power outlet receives power through the third line.

17. The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising: an outdoor power outlet configured to receive power through the single-phase AC charging line; and a second sensor configured to measure required power of an electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet; and wherein the controller is configured to control the first module and the second module to supply power to the electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet, and to control the third module to supply power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet when the indoor power outlet receives power through the third line.

18. A method of controlling a bidirectional on board charger of an electric vehicle, the method comprising: connecting an indoor power outlet to a line of a plurality of lines except for a single-phase AC charging line among three-phase alternating current input lines; measuring a required current of an electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet; and controlling the bidirectional on board charger based on the required current.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the bidirectional on board charger includes a three-phase bidirectional power factor corrector having six switches, wherein a first switch and a fourth switch form a first leg, a second switch and a fifth switch form a second leg, a third switch and a sixth switch form a third leg, the single-phase AC charging line is connected to the first leg, a second line of the plurality of lines is connected to the second leg, and a third line of the plurality of lines is connected to the third leg.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein controlling the bidirectional on board charger comprises: controlling the first and fourth switches of the first leg and the third and sixth switches of the third leg to operate in a single-phase charging mode or a vehicle to grid (V2G) mode when the indoor power outlet receives power through the second line; and controlling the second and fifth switches of the second leg to supply power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet while operating in the single-phase charging mode or the V2G mode.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The above and other objects, features and advantages of embodiments of the present disclosure will be more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0031] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] FIG. 3A is an exemplary circuit diagram illustrating the operation of an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional on board charger (OBC) of an electric vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0034] FIG. 3B is an exemplary circuit diagram illustrating the operation of a controller provided in the apparatus for controlling a bidirectional on board charger (OBC) of an electric vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0035] FIG. 4A is another exemplary circuit diagram illustrating the operation of an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0036] FIG. 4B is another exemplary circuit diagram illustrating the operation of a controller provided in the apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] FIG. 5A is an exemplary graph illustrating the performance of an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0038] FIG. 5B is another exemplary graph illustrating the performance of an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram illustrating an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0040] FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram illustrating the configuration of an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram illustrating the configuration of an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0042] FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram illustrating the configuration of an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram illustrating the configuration of an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a method of controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

[0045] FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a computing system for executing a method of controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to each embodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

[0046] Hereinafter, some embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the exemplary drawings. In adding the reference numerals to the components of each drawing, it should be noted that the identical or equivalent component is designated by the identical numeral even when it is displayed on other drawings. Further, in describing the embodiments of the present disclosure, a detailed description of the related known configuration or function will be omitted when it is determined that it interferes with the understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0047] In describing the components of the embodiments according to the present disclosure, terms such as first, second, A, B, (a), (b), and the like may be used. These terms are merely intended to distinguish the components from other components, and the terms do not limit the nature, order or sequence of the components. Unless otherwise defined, all terms including technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

[0048] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0049] As shown in FIG. 1, an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure may include a storage 10, a bidirectional OBC 20, an outdoor power outlet 30, an indoor power outlet 40, a high voltage battery 50, and a controller 60. In this case, according to a scheme of implementing an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure, components may be combined with each other to be implemented as one, and some components may be omitted.

[0050] FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0051] Hereinafter, the components of an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

[0052] First, the storage 10 may store various logics, algorithms, and programs required in the processes of branching a line for supplying power from a line except a single-phase AC charging line among three-phase AC input lines to an indoor power outlet of an electric vehicle, measuring a required current of the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet, and controlling the bidirectional OBC based on the required current.

[0053] The storage 10 may store a reference link voltage V.sub.link,ref, a dq-converted reference voltage V.sub.ac1,dq,ref of the outdoor power outlet 30, a dq-converted reference voltage V.sub.ac2,dq,ref of the indoor power outlet 40, and a reference frequency ƒ.sub.ac1,ref of an AC voltage supplied to the outdoor power outlet 30.

[0054] The storage 10 may include at least one type of a storage medium of memories of a flash memory type, a hard disk type, a micro type, a card type (e.g., a secure digital (SD) card or an extreme digital (XD) card), and the like, and a random access memory (RAM), a static RAM (SRAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable ROM (PROM), an electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), a magnetic memory (MRAM), a magnetic disk, and an optical disk type memory.

[0055] The bidirectional OBC 20 may convert alternating current to direct current to charge the high voltage battery 50 and convert direct current power of the high voltage battery 50 into alternating current power (the same voltage and frequency as commercial power) to supply power to a power grid (or bidirectional EVSE).

[0056] The bidirectional OBC 20 may include a three-phase bidirectional PFC 210, a bidirectional DC/DC converter 220, a first voltage sensor 230, a second voltage sensor 240, an AC high voltage connector 250, and an input filter 260. In this case, the three-phase bidirectional PFC 210, which is a module for increasing energy efficiency, may include a first current sensor 211 for measuring an inductor current of line L1, a second current sensor 212 for measuring an inductor current of line L2, and a third voltage sensor 213 for measuring a link voltage. In this case, the three-phase bidirectional PFC 210 may perform AC/DC power conversion, power factor correction, and minimization of reactive power. The bidirectional DC/DC converter 220 may stably supply power of the high voltage battery 50 to a power network, the outdoor power outlet 30 or the indoor power outlet 40, or may stably supply power supplied from electric vehicle service equipment (EVSE) to the high voltage battery 50. The first voltage sensor 230 may measure the voltage of the single-phase AC charging line L1 during single-phase charging. The second voltage sensor 240 may measure the voltage of the line L2 or the voltage of the line L3 among the three-phase AC input lines. The AC high voltage connector 250 may connect the vehicle charging port and the indoor power outlet 40 to the bidirectional OBC 20. The input filter 260 may remove noise from the AC power supplied from the EVSE. The N line refers to an N-phase (neutral conductor) line.

[0057] When the high voltage battery 50 is not being charged, the outdoor power outlet 30, which is a module detachable from an electric vehicle charging port, may be connected to an electronic device to transmit power.

[0058] The indoor power outlet 40 may be located in the interior of the electric vehicle, and may transmit power of the high voltage battery 50 to a connected electronic device. In this case, line L′ for supplying power to the indoor power outlet 40 may be branched from line L2 or L3.

[0059] Meanwhile, the controller 60 may perform overall control such that each of the components normally performs its function. The controller 60 may be implemented in the form of hardware or software, or may be implemented in the form of a combination of hardware and software. Preferably, the controller 60 may be implemented with a microprocessor, but is not limited thereto.

[0060] In particular, the controller 60 may branch the line supplying power to the indoor power outlet of the electric vehicle from a line except for the single-phase AC charging line among the three-phase AC input lines, measure required current of an electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet, and perform various controls in the process of controlling the bidirectional OBC based on the required current.

[0061] Hereinafter, the operation of the controller 60 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3A to 4B.

[0062] FIG. 3A is an exemplary circuit diagram illustrating the operation of an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional on board charger (OBC) of an electric vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3B is an exemplary circuit diagram illustrating the operation of a controller provided in the apparatus for controlling an OBC of an electric vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0063] As shown in FIG. 3A, when operating in the single-phase charging mode, the power supplied from the EVSE passes through the input filter 260 through the line L1, and when operating in the V2G mode, the power supplied from the high voltage battery 50 passes through the input filter 260 through the line L1. In addition, while operating in the single-phase charging mode or the V2G mode, the power supplied to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40 passes through the input filter 260 through the line L2. In this case, the controller 60 may open a switch connecting the lines L1 and L2, and close the switch located on the line L2 between the AC high voltage connector 250 and the input filter 260.

[0064] As described above, in the single-phase charging mode or V2G mode, to supply power to an electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40, the controller 60 may perform an operation as shown in FIG. 3B.

[0065] The controller 60 may control specific switches Q1, Q3, Q4, and Q6 of the three-phase bidirectional PFC 210 to operate in the single-phase charging mode or the V2G mode, and may control specific switches Q2 and Q5 of the three-phase bidirectional PFC 210 in synchronization with the control (AC frequency) to supply power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40. In this case, the switches Q3 and Q6 may be commonly used in the process of operating in a single-phase charging mode or the V2G mode and in the process of supplying power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40.

[0066] In order to operate in a single-phase charging mode or the V2G mode, first, the controller 60 may extract a phase θ.sub.ac1 of the voltage V.sub.ac1,sen of the line L1 measured by the first voltage sensor 230 based on a phase-locked loop (PLL) (310).

[0067] Then, the controller 60 may determine a reference current I.sub.ac1.dq.ref that allows the link voltage V.sub.link,sen measured by the third voltage sensor 213 to follow the reference link voltage V.sub.link,ref stored in the storage 10 (311). In this case, the reference current I.sub.ac1.dq.ref is a dq-converted reference current.

[0068] Thereafter, the controller 60 dq-converts the inductor current I.sub.ac1,sen measured by the first current sensor 211 in synchronization with the phase θ.sub.ac1, and dq-converts the inductor current I.sub.ac2,sen measured by the second current sensor 212 (330). In this case, the result of the dq conversion of the inductor current I.sub.ac1,sen is called a first current I.sub.ac1,dq,sen, and the result of the dq conversion of the inductor current I.sub.ac2,sen is called a second current I.sub.ac2.dq.sen.

[0069] Thereafter, the controller 60 determines a d-axis current control signal U.sub.d1 and a q-axis current control signal U.sub.q1 that cause the first current I.sub.ac1.dq.sen to follow the reference current I.sub.ac1.dq.ref (312).

[0070] Thereafter, the controller 60 inversely converts (dq to abc) the d-axis current control signal U.sub.d1 and the q-axis current control signal U.sub.q1 in synchronization with the phase θ.sub.ac1 (313).

[0071] Thereafter, the controller 60 outputs a PWM signal by performing pulse width modulation (PWM) on the control signal U.sub.A1 (314), and controls the switches Q1, Q3, Q4, and Q6 of the three-phase bidirectional PFC 210 based on the PWM signal.

[0072] Meanwhile, in order to supply power to an electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40 during operation in the single-phase charging mode or the V2G mode, first, the controller 60 dg-converts the L2 voltage V.sub.ac2,sen measured by the second voltage sensor 240 in synchronization with the phase θ.sub.ac1 (320). In this case, the dq-converted L2 voltage V.sub.ac2,sen is referred to as a second voltage V.sub.ac2,sen.

[0073] Then, the controller 60 determines the reference current I.sub.ac2.dq.ref that causes the second voltage V.sub.ac2,dq,sen to follow the dq-converted reference voltage V.sub.ac2.dq.ref of the indoor power outlet 40 stored in the storage 10 (321). In this case, the reference current I.sub.ac2.dq.ref is a dq-converted reference current.

[0074] Then, the controller 60 determines the d-axis current control signal U.sub.d2 and the q-axis current control signal U.sub.q2 that cause the second current I.sub.ac2.dq.sen to follow the reference current I.sub.ac2.dq.ref (322).

[0075] Thereafter, the controller 60 inversely converts (dq to abc) the d-axis current control signal U.sub.d2 and the q-axis current control signal U.sub.q2 to output a control signal U.sub.A2 in synchronization with the phase θ.sub.ac1 (323).

[0076] Thereafter, the controller 60 outputs a PWM signal by performing pulse width modulation (PWM) on the control signal U.sub.A2 (324), and controls the switches Q2 and Q5 of the three-phase bidirectional PFC 210 based on the PWM signal.

[0077] FIG. 4A is another exemplary circuit diagram illustrating the operation of an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 4B is another exemplary circuit diagram illustrating the operation of a controller provided in the apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0078] As shown in FIG. 4A, when not operating in the single-phase charging mode or the V2G mode, the power supplied to the electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet 30 passes through the input filter 260 through the line L1, and the power supplied to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40 passes through the input filter 260 through the line L2. In this case, the controller 60 may open the switch connecting the lines L1 and L2, and close the switch located on the line L2 between the AC high voltage connector 250 and the input filter 260.

[0079] As described above, in order to supply power to the electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet 30 and the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40, the controller 60 may perform an operation as shown in FIG. 4B.

[0080] The controller 60 may control the specific switches Q1, Q3, Q4, and Q6 of the three-phase bidirectional PFC 210 to supply power to the electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet 30, and may control the specific switches Q2 and Q5 of the three-phase bidirectional PFC 210 to supply power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40 in synchronization with the control (AC frequency). In this case, the switches Q3 and Q6 may be commonly used in a process of supplying power to the electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet 30 and a process of supplying power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40.

[0081] In order to supply power to the electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet 30, first, the controller 60 extracts the phase θ.sub.ac1 from the frequency ƒ.sub.ac1,ref of the AC voltage supplied to the outdoor power outlet 30 and the L1 voltage V.sub.ac1,sen measured by the first voltage sensor 230 based on a phase-locked loop (PLL), and dq-converts the L1 voltage V.sub.ac1,sen measured by the first voltage sensor 230 to output the first voltage V.sub.ac1,dq,sen (410).

[0082] Thereafter, the controller 60 determines a reference current I.sub.ac1.dq.red that allows the first voltage V.sub.ac1,dq,sen to follow the reference voltage V.sub.ac1,dq,ref. In this case, the reference current I.sub.ac1.dq.ref is a dq-converted reference current.

[0083] Thereafter, the controller 60 dq-converts the inductor current I.sub.ac1,sen measured by the first current sensor 211 in synchronization with the phase θ.sub.ac1, and dq-converts the inductor current I.sub.ac2,sen measured by the second current sensor 212 (430). In this case, the result of dq-converting the inductor current I.sub.ac1.dq.sen is called the first current I.sub.ac1.dq.sen and the result of dq-converting the inductor current I.sub.ac2,sen is called the second current I.sub.ac2.dq.sen.

[0084] Then, the controller 60 determines a d-axis current control signal U.sub.d1 and a q-axis current control signal U.sub.q1 that allow the first current I.sub.ac1.dq.sen to follow the reference current I.sub.ac1.dq.ref (412).

[0085] Thereafter, the controller 60 inversely converts the d-axis current control signal U.sub.d1 and the q-axis current control signal U.sub.q1 to output a control signal U.sub.A1 in synchronization with the phase θ.sub.ac1 (413).

[0086] Thereafter, the controller 60 outputs a PWM signal by performing PWM on the control signal U.sub.A1 (414), and controls the switches Q1, Q3, Q4 and Q6 of the three-phase bidirectional PFC 210 based on the PWM signal. In this case, the controller 60 may supply power of up to 3.7 kW to an electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet 30.

[0087] Meanwhile, in order to supply power to an electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40 during operation in the single-phase charging mode or the V2G mode, first, the controller 60 dg-converts the L2 voltage V.sub.ac2,sen measured by the second voltage sensor 240 in synchronization with the phase θ.sub.ac1 (420). In this case, the dq-converted L2 voltage V.sub.ac2,sen is referred to as a second voltage V.sub.ac2,dq,sen.

[0088] Then, the controller 60 determines the reference current I.sub.ac2.dq.ref that causes the second voltage V.sub.ac2,dq,sen to follow the dq-converted reference voltage V.sub.ac2,dq,ref of the indoor power outlet 40 stored in the storage 10 (421). In this case, the reference current I.sub.ac2.dq.ref is a dq-converted reference current.

[0089] Then, the controller 60 determines the d-axis current control signal U.sub.d2 and the q-axis current control signal U.sub.q2 that cause the second current I.sub.ac2.dq.sen to follow the reference current I.sub.ac2.dq.ref (422).

[0090] Thereafter, the controller 60 inversely converts (dq to abc) the d-axis current control signal U.sub.d2 and the q-axis current control signal U.sub.q2 to output a control signal U.sub.A2 while synchronizing with the phase θ.sub.ac1 (423).

[0091] Thereafter, the controller 60 outputs a PWM signal by performing pulse width modulation (PWM) on the control signal U.sub.A2 (424), and controls the switches Q2 and Q5 of the three-phase bidirectional PFC 210 based on the PWM signal. In this case, the controller 60 may supply power of up to 3.7 kW to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40.

[0092] FIG. 5A is an exemplary graph illustrating the performance of an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure, which illustrates a state of supplying power to an electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40 while operating in a single-phase charging mode.

[0093] In FIG. 5A, reference numeral 510 represents a system voltage (e.g., 240 V), reference numeral 520 represents a commercial voltage (e.g., 120 V) supplied to an electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40, reference numeral 511 represents an inductor current on the line L1 to which the system voltage 510 is applied, reference numeral 521 represents an inductor current on the line L2 to which the commercial voltage 520 is applied, reference numeral 512 represents a system current, and reference numeral 522 represents a commercial current.

[0094] As shown in FIG. 5A, it may be understood that power is stably supplied to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40 even while operating in the single-phase charging mode.

[0095] FIG. 5B is another exemplary graph illustrating the performance of an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure, which illustrates a state of supplying power to an electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet 30 and an electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40.

[0096] In FIG. 5B, reference numeral 530 represents a voltage (e.g., 240V) supplied to an electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet 30, and reference numeral 540 represents a voltage supplied to an electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40 (e.g., 120V). In addition, reference numeral 550 represents an inductor current on the line L1 to which the voltage 530 supplied to the electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet 30 is applied, and the voltage 540 supplied to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40 is applied. In addition, reference numeral 560 represents a current supplied to the electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet 30 and a current supplied to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40.

[0097] FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram illustrating an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0098] As shown in FIG. 6, the basic configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, but the internal configuration of the three-phase bidirectional PFC 210 is different. That is, in the first embodiment, six switches Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, and Q6 have a structure in which 3 legs (Q1 and Q4 form one leg, Q2 and Q5 form another leg, and Q3 and Q6 form the other leg) are formed, but in the second embodiment, eight switches Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6, Q7, and Q8 have a structure in which 4 legs (Q1 and Q4 are one leg, Q2 and Q5 form another leg, Q3 and Q6 form another leg, and Q7 and Q8 form the other leg) are formed.

[0099] In this case, the controller 60 may control the specific switches Q1, Q4, Q7, and Q8 of the three-phase bidirectional PFC 210 to operate in the single-phase charging mode or the V2G mode, and may control the specific switches Q2, Q5, Q7, and Q8 of the three-phase bidirectional PFC 210 in synchronization with the control (AC frequency) to supply power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40. In this case, the switches Q7 and Q8 may be commonly used in the process of operating in the single-phase charging mode or the V2G mode, and in the process of supplying power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40.

[0100] The controller 60 may control the specific switches Q1, Q4, Q7, and Q8 of the three-phase bidirectional PFC 210 to supply power to the electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet 30, and may control the specific switches Q2, Q5, Q7, and Q8 of the three-phase bidirectional PFC 210 to supply power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40 in synchronization with the control (AC frequency). In this case, the switches Q7 and Q8 may be commonly used in a process of supplying power to the electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet 30 and a process of supplying power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40.

[0101] FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram illustrating the configuration of an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0102] As shown in FIG. 7, the basic configuration is the same as that of the second embodiment, but the line L′ for supplying power to the indoor power outlet 40 is branched from the line L3.

[0103] In this case, the controller 60 may control the specific switches Q1, Q2, Q4, Q5, Q7, and Q8 of the three-phase bidirectional PFC 210 to operate in a single-phase charging mode or the V2G mode, and in synchronization with the control (AC frequency), may control the specific switches Q3, Q6, Q7, and Q8 of the three-phase bidirectional PFC 210 to supply power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40. In this case, the switches Q7 and Q8 may be commonly used in the process of operating in the single-phase charging mode or the V2G mode and in the process of supplying power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40.

[0104] The controller 60 may control the specific switches Q1, Q2, Q4, Q5, Q7, and Q8 of the three-phase bidirectional PFC 210 to supply power to the electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet 30, and may control the specific switches Q3, Q6, Q7, and Q8 of the three-phase bidirectional PFC 210 to supply power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40 in synchronization with the control (AC frequency). In this case, the switches Q7 and Q8 may be commonly used in a process of supplying power to the electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet 30 and a process of supplying power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40.

[0105] FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram illustrating the configuration of an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0106] As shown in FIG. 8, an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure includes a single-phase bidirectional PFC 810.

[0107] In this case, the controller 60 may control the specific switches Q1, Q3, Q4, and Q6 of the single-phase bidirectional PFC 810 to operate in a single-phase charging mode or the V2G mode, and may control the specific switches Q2, Q3, Q5, and Q6 of the single-phase bidirectional PFC 810 in synchronization with the control (AC frequency) to supply power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40. In this case, the switches Q3 and Q6 may be commonly used in the process of operating in a single-phase charging mode or V2G mode and in the process of supplying power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40.

[0108] The controller 60 may control the specific switches Q1, Q3, Q4, and Q6 of the single-phase bidirectional PFC 810 to supply power to the electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet 30, and control the specific switches Q2, Q3, Q5, and Q6 of the single-phase bidirectional PFC 810 in synchronization with the control (AC frequency) to supply power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40. In this case, the switches Q3 and Q6 may be commonly used in a process of supplying power to the electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet 30 and a process of supplying power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40.

[0109] FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram illustrating the configuration of an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0110] As shown in FIG. 9, an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure may include a first module 910, a second module 920, and a third module 930. In this case, a single-phase bidirectional PFC 911 and a bidirectional DC/DC converter 912 constitute the first module 910, and a single-phase bidirectional PFC 921 and a bi-directional DC/DC converter 922 constitute the second module 920. A single-phase bidirectional PFC 931 and a bidirectional DC/DC converter 932 constitute the third module 930.

[0111] In this case, the controller 60 may control the first module 910 to operate in the single-phase charging mode or the V2G mode, and may control the second module 920 to supply power to an electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40. For reference, the controller 60 may use all of the first to third modules 910 to 930 for the three-phase charging in the three-phase charging mode.

[0112] The controller 60 may control the first module 910 to supply power to the electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet 30 during the stop, and control the second module 920 to supply power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40.

[0113] FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram illustrating the configuration of an apparatus for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0114] As shown in FIG. 10, the basic configuration is the same as that of the fifth embodiment, but the line L′ for supplying power to the indoor power outlet 40 is branched from the line L3.

[0115] In this case, the controller 60 may control the first and second modules 910 and 920 to operate in the single-phase charging mode or the V2G mode, and may control the third module 930 to supply power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40.

[0116] In this case, the controller 60 may control the first and second modules 910 and 920 to supply power to the electronic device connected to the outdoor power outlet 30 during the stop, and may control the third module 930 to supply power to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40.

[0117] FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a method of controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0118] First, in operation 1101, the indoor power outlet 40 is connected to a line except for the single-phase AC charging line L1 among three-phase alternating current (AC) input lines L1, L2 and L3.

[0119] Thereafter, in operation 1102, the second current sensor 212 measures the required current of the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet 40.

[0120] Thereafter, in operation 1103, the controller 60 controls the bidirectional OBC based on the required current.

[0121] FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a computing system for executing a method of controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to each embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0122] Referring to FIG. 12, a method of controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle according to each embodiment of the present disclosure may also be implemented with a computing system. A computing system 1000 may include at least one processor 1100, a memory 1300, a user interface input device 1400, a user interface output device 1500, a memory (i.e., a storage) 1600, and a network interface 1700 connected through a system bus 1200.

[0123] The processor 1100 may be a central processing device (CPU) or a semiconductor device that processes instructions stored in the memory 1300 and/or the memory 1600. The memory 1300 and the memory 1600 may include various types of volatile or non-volatile storage media. For example, the memory 1300 may include a ROM (Read Only Memory) 1310 and a RAM (Random Access Memory) 1320.

[0124] Accordingly, the processes of the method or algorithm described in relation to the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented directly by hardware executed by the processor 1100, a software module, or a combination thereof. The software module may reside in a storage medium (that is, the memory 1300 and/or the memory 1600), such as a RAM, a flash memory, a ROM, an EPROM, an EEPROM, a register, a hard disk, solid state drive (SSD), a detachable disk, or a CD-ROM. The exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor 1100, and the processor 1100 may read information from the storage medium and may write information in the storage medium. In another method, the storage medium may be integrated with the processor 1100. The processor and the storage medium may reside in an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The ASIC may reside in a user terminal. In another method, the processor and the storage medium may reside in the user terminal as an individual component.

[0125] As described above, according to the apparatus and method for controlling a bidirectional OBC of an electric vehicle of embodiments of the present disclosure, the line supplying power to the indoor power outlet of the electric vehicle is branched from a line except for a single-phase AC charging line among three-phase AC input lines, and the required current of the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet is measured. In addition, the bidirectional OBC is controlled based on the required current, so that power can be supplied to the electronic device connected to the indoor power outlet while the electric vehicle operates in a charging mode or a V2G mode, and both the power consumption of the indoor power outlet and the power consumption of the outdoor power outlet can be improved.

[0126] Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure have been described for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosure.

[0127] Therefore, the exemplary embodiments disclosed in the present disclosure are provided for the sake of descriptions, not limiting the technical concepts of the present disclosure, and it should be understood that such exemplary embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the technical concepts of the present disclosure. The protection scope of the present disclosure should be understood by the claims below, and all the technical concepts within the equivalent scopes should be interpreted to be within the scope of the right of the present disclosure.