Dipole beam module

Abstract

The invention proposes a dipole radiator module, comprising a first and a second dipole radiator. The first dipole radiator comprises two first half-dipole components and two second half-dipole components, of which one is respectively perpendicular to one of the two first half-dipole components. On the respective at a right angle converging ends, at respective outer corner regions of the respective perpendicular to one another first and second half-dipole components, are disposed open areas with first legs, which are spaced apart and associated with each of the first and second half-dipole components, wherein the first legs exhibit a first length. Further comprised are two third half-dipole components, which form a first upper side of the first dipole emitter, and two fourth half-dipole components, of which one is respectively perpendicular to one of the two third half-dipole components, wherein on the respective at a right angle converging ends, at respective outer corner regions of the respective perpendicular to one another third and fourth half-dipole components, are disposed open areas with second legs, which are spaced apart and associated with each of the third and fourth half-dipole components, wherein the second legs exhibit a second length. The second dipole radiator [comprises] two fifth half-dipole components, which form a second underside of the second dipole radiator, as well as two sixth half-dipole components, of which one is respectively perpendicular to one of the two fifth half-dipole components, and wherein the respective at a right angle converging ends of respective outer corner regions of the respective perpendicular to one another fifth and sixth half-dipole components are conductively connected to one another. Further comprised are two seventh half-dipole components, as well as two eighth half-dipole components, of which one is respectively perpendicular to one of the two seventh half-dipole components, and wherein on the respective at a right angle converging ends, at respective outer corner regions of the respective perpendicular to one another seventh and eighth half-dipole components, are disposed open areas [with] third legs, which are spaced apart and associated with each of the seventh and eighth half-dipole components, wherein the third legs exhibit a third length.

Claims

1. A dipole radiator module (102), comprising: a first dipole radiator (1), comprising a first dipole (1a+1b) with associated first (1a) and second half-dipole halves (1b) and a second dipole (1a+1b) with associated third (1a) and fourth half-dipole halves (1b), comprising respective associated half-dipole components (110a, 110b, 111a, 111b, 112a, 112b, 113a, 113b), as well as a dipole root (4), which is equipped to hold the first dipole radiator (1), wherein two first half-dipole components (113a, 113b) of the second half-dipole half of the first dipole (1b) and the third half-dipole half of the second dipole (1a) form a first underside (U1) of the first dipole radiator (1), and wherein two second half-dipole components (110a, 112b) of the second half-dipole half of the first dipole (1b) and the third half-dipole half of the second dipole (1a) are respectively perpendicular to one of the two first half-dipole components (113a, 113b), and wherein on the respective at a right angle converging ends, at respective outer corner regions (12, 13) of the respective perpendicular to one another first and second half-dipole components (113a, 113b; 110a, 112b), are disposed open areas with first legs (12a, 12b; 13a, 13b), which are spaced apart and associated with each of the first and second half-dipole components (111a, 111b; 110b, 112a), wherein the first legs (12a, 12b; 13a, 13b) exhibit a first length (L1) between 0.01 m and 0.2 m, wherein is the wavelength of the frequency range of the respective dipole and m is the center frequency of the frequency range of the respective dipole, and wherein two third half-dipole components (111a, 111b) of the first half-dipole half of the first dipole (1a) and the fourth half-dipole half of the second dipole (1b) form a first upper side (O1) of the first dipole radiator (1), and wherein two fourth half-dipole components (110b, 112a) of the first half-dipole half of the first dipole (1a) and the fourth half-dipole half of the second dipole (1b) are respectively perpendicular to one of the two third half-dipole components (111a, 111b), and wherein on the respective at a right angle converging ends, at respective outer corner regions (10, 11) of the respective perpendicular to one another third and fourth half-dipole components (111a, 111b; 110b, 112a), are disposed open areas with second legs (10a, 10b; 11a, 11b), which are spaced apart and associated with each of the third and fourth half-dipole components (111a, 111b; 110b, 112a), wherein the second legs (10a, 10b; 11a, 11b) exhibit a second length (L2); and comprising a second dipole radiator (2), comprising a third dipole (2a+2b) with associated first (2a) and second half-dipole halves (2b) and a fourth dipole (2a+2b) with associated third (2a) and fourth half-dipole halves (2b), comprising respective associated half-dipole components (210a, 210b, 211a, 211b, 212a, 212b, 213a, 213b), as well as comprising a dipole root (4), which is equipped to hold the second dipole radiator (2), wherein two fifth half-dipole components (213a, 213b) of the second half-dipole half of the third dipole (2b) and the third half-dipole half of the fourth dipole (2a) form a second underside (U2) of the second dipole radiator (2), and wherein two sixth half-dipole components (210a and 212b) of the second half-dipole half of the third dipole (2b) and the third half-dipole half of the fourth dipole (2a) are respectively perpendicular to one of the two fifth half-dipole components (213a, 213b), and wherein the respective at a right angle converging ends of respective outer corner regions (22, 23) of the respective perpendicular to one another fifth and sixth half-dipole components (213a, 213b; 210a and 212b) are conductively connected to one another; and wherein two seventh half-dipole components (211a, 211b) of the first half-dipole half of the third dipole (2a) and the fourth half-dipole half of the fourth dipole (2b) form a second upper side (O2) of the second dipole radiator (2), and wherein two eighth half-dipole components (210b and 212a) of the first half-dipole half of the third dipole (2\a) and the fourth half-dipole half of the fourth dipole (2b) are respectively perpendicular to one of the two seventh half-dipole components (211a, 211b), and wherein on the respective at a right angle converging ends, at respective outer corner regions (21, 21) of the respective perpendicular to one another seventh and eighth half-dipole components (211a, 211b; 210b and 212a), are disposed open areas with third legs (20a, 20b; 21a, 21b), which are spaced apart and associated with each of the seventh and eighth half-dipole components (211a, 211b; 210b, 212a), wherein the third legs (20a, 20b; 21a, 21b) exhibit a third length (L3), and wherein the second underside (U2) of the second dipole radiator (2) faces the first upper side (O1) of the first dipole radiator (1), wherein the second dipole radiator (2) is disposed above the first dipole radiator (1), and wherein the first and the second dipole radiator (1; 2) have the same design and size.

2. The dipole radiator module (102) according to claim 1, wherein the first length (L1) is shorter than the second length (L2) and/or the first length (L1) is equivalent to the third length (L3).

3. The dipole radiator module (102) according to claim 2, wherein the first legs (12a, 12b; 13a, 13b) overlap one another at a predetermined distance from one another, the second legs (10a, 10b; 11a, lib) overlap one another at a predetermined distance from one another and the third legs (20a, 20b; 21a, 21b) overlap one another at a predetermined distance from one another.

4. The dipole radiator module (102) according to claim 3, wherein the first legs (12a, 12b; 13a, 13b), the second legs (10a, 10b; 11a, 11b) and the third legs (20a, 20b; 21a, 21b) respectively face an inner conductor (5) of the associated first or second dipole radiator (1; 2).

5. The dipole radiator module (102) according to claim 4, wherein the first legs (12a, 12b; 13a, 13b), the second legs (10a, 10b; 11a, 11b) and the third legs (20a, 20b; 21a, 21b) overlap in such a way that they are substantially parallel to one another.

6. The dipole radiator module (102) according to claim 5, wherein the first and the second dipole radiator respectively comprise a balancing unit (3) disposed on each side of the dipole root (4), wherein a length (S) of the balancing unit (3) is between 0.12 m and 0.25 m, wherein is the wavelength of the frequency range of the respective dipole and m is the center frequency of the frequency range of the respective dipole.

7. An array (200), comprising at least two dipole radiator modules (102) according to claim 1 for arrangement in an antenna, wherein the at least two dipole radiator modules (102) are disposed spaced vertically one above the other or horizontally with respect to one another, wherein the second dipole radiator (2) is disposed above the first dipole radiator (1) in such a way that the second underside (U2) of the second dipole radiator (2) faces the first upper side (O1) of the first dipole radiator (1).

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a view of a first dipole radiator of a dipole radiator module according to one design of the present invention.

(2) FIG. 2 is a view of a second dipole radiator of a dipole radiator module according to one design of the present invention.

(3) FIGS. 3a and 3b are alternatively designed dipoles or half-dipole components according to one design of the present invention.

(4) FIG. 4 shows a section W through the dipole radiator of a dipole radiator module according to one design of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 and in FIG. 2.

(5) FIG. 5 is a view of a dipole module according to one design of the present invention.

(6) FIG. 6 is a view of a vertically arranged array according to one design of the present invention

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(7) In the following description of the figures, similar elements or functions are provided with the same reference signs.

(8) FIGS. 1 and 2 show views of a first and a second dipole radiator 1 and 2 of a dipole radiator module according to one design of the present invention, respectively designed as a dipole square. In this respect, the following description of the similar components applies to both dipole radiators 1 and 2. Separate reference to one of the two dipole radiators 1 or 2 will be made only in the event of discrepancies.

(9) A dipole radiator 1 or 2, configured for example as a dipole square as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, generally comprises two dipoles with associated half-dipole halves or dipole halves 1a+1b and 1a+1b or 2a+2b and 2a+2b, which in turn can be subdivided into half-dipole components 110a, 110b, 111a, 111b, 112a, 112b, 113a, 113b; 210a, 210b, 211a, 211b, 212a, 212b, 213a, 213b. The half-dipole components, or at least their extensions, intersect in their outer corner region 10-13; 20-23.

(10) The depicted dipole radiators 1 and 2 respectively act like a dipole radiating with a polarization of 45. The dipole radiators 1 and 2 are respectively formed by an electric dipole with associated half-dipole halves or dipole halves 1a and 1b and a second dipole, which is perpendicular thereto and is formed with associated half-dipole halves or dipole halves 1a and 1b.

(11) The examples shown serve merely for the purpose of illustration. A different polarization of the dipole is possible as well, i.e. the dipole halves can be used in an arrangement other than as described. In such cases, the description applies in an analogous manner.

(12) As shown in FIG. 1, each of the two dipoles of the first radiator comprises respective associated half-dipole halves or dipole halves 1a and 1b for the first dipole as well as the half-dipole halves or dipole halves 1a and 1b for the second dipole.

(13) In doing so, the dipole half 1a is formed by two perpendicular half-dipole components 110b and 111a. The dipole half 1b is formed by two perpendicular half-dipole components 112b and 113a. The dipole half 1a is formed by two perpendicular half-dipole components 110a and 113b. The dipole half 1b is formed by two perpendicular half-dipole components 111b and 112a.

(14) In the depicted design example, all the half-dipole components 110b and 111a, 111b and 112a, 112b and 113a, 113b and 110a end with their at a right angle converging ends spaced apart at their respective outer corner regions 10 to 13. In doing so, at their respective outer corner regions 10 to 13 they form legs 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, 13a, 13b, which are spaced apart and face toward the inside, i.e. in the direction of the inner conductor 5. The distance of the legs to one another is to be selected in such a way that the legs can form a capacitive and not a galvanic coupling with one another.

(15) The two half-dipole components 113a and 113b form the first underside U1 (in plan view) of the first dipole radiator 1 and the two half-dipole components 111a and 111b form the first upper side O1 (in plan view) of the first dipole radiator 1.

(16) The same description as for the first dipole radiator 1 applies in an analogous manner, where applicable, for the second dipole radiator 2, namely that each of the two dipoles 2a+2b and 2a+2b of the second dipole radiator 2 comprises respective associated dipole halves 2a and 2b as well as dipole halves 2a and 2b, as shown in FIG. 2.

(17) In doing so, the dipole half 2a is formed by two perpendicular half-dipole components 210b and 211a. The dipole half 2b is formed by two perpendicular half-dipole components 212b and 213a. The dipole half 2a is formed by two perpendicular half-dipole components 210a and 213b. The dipole half 2b is formed by two perpendicular half-dipole components 211b and 212a.

(18) In the depicted design example, two half-dipole components 210b and 211a, 211b and 212a end with their at a right angle converging ends spaced apart at the respective outer corner regions 20 and 21. In doing so, at their respective outer corner regions 20 and 21 they form legs 20a, 20b, 21a, 21b, which are spaced apart and face toward the inside, i.e. in the direction of the inner conductor 5. The distance of the legs to one another is to be selected in such a way that the legs can form a capacitive and not a galvanic coupling with one another.

(19) Two other half-dipole components 212b and 213a, 213b and 210a are electrically conductively connected to one another at their corner regions 22 and 23. In doing so, the two half-dipole components 212b and 213a, 213b and 210a are formed as one piece during production, for example. They can also be connected to one another by means of other methods for producing a fixed connection, however, for example by soldering, welding or other mechanical connections.

(20) The two half-dipole components 213a and 213b, which are electrically conductively connected to their associated half-dipole components 210a and 212b, form the second underside U2 (in plan view) of the second dipole radiator 2 and the two half-dipole components 211a and 211b form the second upper side O2 (in plan view) of the second dipole radiator 2.

(21) As can clearly be seen in FIG. 1, each of the two half-dipole components 113a and 113b that form the first underside U1 of the first dipole radiator 1, at their corner regions 12 and 13, comprise legs 12a, 12b, 13a, 13b, which preferably have the same first length L1. Likewise, each of the two half-dipole components 111a and 111b that form the first upper side O1 of the first dipole radiator 1, at their corner regions 10 and 11, comprise legs 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b, which preferably have the same second length L2. The first length L1 differs from the second length L2 in such a way that the first length L1 is shorter than the second length L2, preferably by 30% to 50%. Both the first length L1 and the second length L2 can lie within a range from 0.01 to 0.2 m, whereby describes the wavelength of the frequency range of the respective dipole and m describes the center frequency of the frequency range of the respective dipole. It is important that the first length L1 is shorter than the second length L2. The exact ratio depends on the application, and can either be calculated or determined through experimentation by the person skilled in the art.

(22) As can clearly be seen in FIG. 2, each of the two half-dipole components 211a and 211b that form the second upper side O2 of the second dipole radiator 2, at their corner regions 20 and 21, comprise legs 20a, 20b, 21a, 21b, which preferably have the same third length L3, whereby said third length L3 is preferably equal to the first length L1 of the legs 12a, 12b, 13a, 13b of the first dipole radiator 1.

(23) As already mentioned above, the distance of the legs to one another is to be selected in such a way that the legs can form a capacitive and not a galvanic coupling with one another.

(24) As an alternative to the design shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the open corner regions 10 to 13 and 20 and 21 can also be designed to be open in a different manner, i.e. not connected to one another, as is shown in FIG. 3a or 3b. For example, at their ends two half-dipole components can be disposed parallel to one another at a distance from one another by angling one of the two half-dipole components at an angle of at least close to 90 relative to the other half-dipole component, resulting in the two half-dipole components extending parallel to one another. Other options for arranging two open half-dipole components relative to one another not shown in the figures are conceivable as well, provided that the half-dipole components do not touch one another; i.e. they can form a capacitive and not a galvanic coupling with one another. In doing so, as mentioned above, the length of the overlapping regions should preferably lie within a range from 0.01 to 0.2 m, whereby describes the wavelength of the frequency range of the respective dipole and m describes the center frequency of the frequency range of the respective dipole.

(25) The dipole radiators described in FIGS. 1 and 2 are not restricted to the form depicted in these figures; round radiators, in which corresponding open and closed regions are provided, can be used as well. Here too, the length of the open regions is preferably within a range from 0.01 to 0.2 m, whereby describes the wavelength of the frequency range of the respective dipole and m describes the center frequency of the frequency range of the respective dipole.

(26) FIG. 4 shows a sectional view through the region W of FIGS. 1 and 2. A balancing unit 3 can be seen here. A balancing unit 3 is understood to be a component or a region in a component serving as a dipole root 4 for example, for example a recess 3 in a dipole root 4, which serves as a balancing unit, by means of which occurring sheath waves can be compensated. The balancing unit 3 generally extends from the upper side of the dipole root 4 to the lower end of the dipole root 4, for example to a circuit board, on which the dipole root 4 is attached to the dipole radiator 1 or 2, i.e. over the entire length or height H of the dipole root 4. The balancing unit 3 according to the invention, on the other hand, has a length S of preferably 0.12 m to 0.25 m, whereby the length S and the height H are measured from the base to the lower edge of the dipole screen, as shown in FIG. 4. By selecting this length S of the balancing unit 3, the frequencies can be shifted to a range above 2.7 GHz, so that sheath waves occurring in this or a higher frequency range have no effect on the functionality of the dipole radiator or the later dipole module or array.

(27) According to this invention, two dipole radiators 1 and 2 with the same design, i.e. they are both round, for example, or they are both configured as squares, are used when they are used together in a dipole radiator module, as shown in FIG. 5. Furthermore, two dipole radiators with at least approximately the same size are used, likewise as shown in FIG. 5.

(28) In doing so, the above-described first dipole radiator 1 and the above-described second dipole radiator 2 are connected to one another to form a dipole radiator module 102 in such a way that the first upper side O1 of the first dipole radiator 1 and the second underside U2 of the second dipole radiator 2 face one another. For this invention, the distance between the two dipole radiators 1 and 2 plays a subordinate role. The narrower the distance, the higher the frequencies that can be covered. It is important that the second dipole radiator 2 is disposed in a vertical arrangement above the first dipole radiator 1, and that the closed side of the second dipole radiator 2, i.e. the second underside U2, faces down U, i.e. toward to the first upper side O1 of the first dipole radiator 1. In this case, the term down U can mean in the direction of the connections of the antenna, in which the dipole radiator module 102 is or can be disposed, i.e. in the direction of the base, if it is disposed in a vertical manner.

(29) The two used first and second dipole radiators 1 and 2 preferably have the same design and size. Due to the special geometry of the individual radiators and the corresponding arrangement with respect to one another, they additionally at least approximately exhibit the same FWHM, preferably between 60 and 70, preferably ca.65. As a result, an overall narrower FWHM is achieved in the whole system and with it a better adjustment of the direction. Aiding this are, for example, the open legs. The open legs also help with tracking.

(30) FIG. 6 shows an array 200 with a plurality of dipole radiator modules 102 disposed one above the other as described above. This is merely one example of how an array can be configured. A plurality of dipole radiator modules 102 can also be arranged horizontally, i.e. next to one another. A combination of vertically and horizontally arranged dipole radiator modules 102 can also be used to achieve the desired effect. Due to the special geometry of the individual radiators and the corresponding arrangement with respect to one another, a very wide frequency band up to 2.7 GHz can be covered without having to accept excessively narrow FWHM in the upper frequency band of approximately 2400-2690 GHz or poor tracking. Due to the approximately equal FWHM of each of the individual radiators in the desired range, a narrower FWHM can be achieved in the whole system. Furthermore, due to the modular design, i.e. only one invariably identical dipole radiator module 102 is required to assemble the array 200, the computing and measuring effort can be reduced, and simpler storage can be achieved.

LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

(31) 1 first dipole radiator 1a+1b first dipole 1a, dipole half first dipole or half-dipole half first dipole 1b dipole half first dipole or half-dipole half first dipole 1a+1b second dipole 1a dipole half second dipole or half-dipole half second dipole 1b dipole half second dipole or half-dipole half second dipole 110a, 110b, 111a, 111b, 112a, 112b, 113a, 113b half-dipole components 10-13 corner region 10a, 10b leg 11a, 11b leg 12a, 12b leg 13a, 13b leg U1 first underside O1 first upper side 2 second dipole radiator 2a+2b first dipole 2a, dipole half first dipole or half-dipole half second dipole 2b dipole half first dipole or half-dipole half first dipole 2a+2b second dipole 2a dipole half second dipole or half-dipole half second dipole 2b dipole half second dipole or half-dipole half second dipole 210a, 210b, 211a, 211b, 212a, 212b, 213a, 213b half-dipole components 20-23 corner region 20a, 20b leg 21a, 21b leg 22a, 22b leg 23a, 23b leg U2 second underside O2 second upper side 3 balancing unit 4 dipole root 5 inner conductor U lower side of a vertical arrangement, base 102 dipole radiator module 200 Antenna array