METHOD FOR UTILIZING CO2 IN EXHAUST GAS FROM CEMENT PRODUCTION, AND CO2 UTILIZING SYSTEM

Abstract

Generating methane by adding hydrogen to CO.sub.2 in exhaust gas discharged a from cement production facility or CO.sub.2 that is separated and recovered from the exhaust gas, and using the methane as an alternative fuel to fossil fuel such as coal, petroleum, natural gas and the like, by methanation of CO.sub.2 in the exhaust gas from the cement production facility that includes exhaust gas originated from lime stone not from the fossil oil and effectively utilizing it, it is possible to reduce usage of the fossil fuel, suppress CO.sub.2 originated from energy, and improve an effect of reducing greenhouse gas.

Claims

1. A method for utilizing CO.sub.2 in cement production exhaust gas, wherein methane is generated by adding hydrogen to CO.sub.2 in the exhaust gas from cement production facility or CO.sub.2 which is separated and recovered from the exhaust gas, to use the methane as an alternative fuel to fossil fuel.

2. The method for utilizing CO.sub.2 in cement production exhaust gas according to claim 1, wherein the CO.sub.2 is CO.sub.2 which is separated and recovered by bringing the exhaust gas from the cement production facility into contact with a CO.sub.2 absorption material.

3. The method for utilizing CO.sub.2 in cement production exhaust gas according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen is directly added to the exhaust gas to generate methane.

4. A CO.sub.2 utilizing system in cement production exhaust gas, comprising in a cement production facility, a methanation device that generates methane by adding hydrogen to CO.sub.2 in exhaust gas from the cement production facility or CO.sub.2 which is separated and recovered from the exhaust gas, and a methane supply device that supplies the methane as an alternative fuel to fossil fuel.

5. The CO.sub.2 utilizing system in cement production exhaust gas according to claim 4, comprising a CO.sub.2 separation and recovery device that separates and recovers CO.sub.2 by bringing the exhaust gas from the cement production facility into contact with a CO.sub.2 absorption material to separate and recover CO.sub.2.

6. The CO.sub.2 utilizing system in cement production exhaust gas according to claim 4, wherein the methanation device generates the methane by directly adding the hydrogen to the exhaust gas.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] [FIG. 1] It is a flowchart showing a process of a CO.sub.2 utilizing method in cement production exhaust gas according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] [FIG. 2] It is a view simply showing the CO.sub.2 utilizing system in cement production exhaust gas of the above-described embodiment.

[0021] [FIG. 3] It is a block diagram showing a schematic composition of a methanation device configuring the CO.sub.2 utilizing system in cement production exhaust gas of the above-described embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0022] An embodiment of a method for utilizing CO.sub.2 in cement production exhaust gas and a CO.sub.2 utilizing system in cement production exhaust gas of the present invention will be explained below referring drawings.

[0023] This embodiment is an example of generating methane from CO.sub.2 in cement production exhaust gas and utilizing the methane as a part of alternative fuel to fossil fuel to a cement burning kiln and a calcination furnace.

Composition of CO.SUB.2 Utilizing System

[0024] A CO.sub.2 utilizing system 100 is provided with a cement production facility 50 and an exhaust gas treatment facility 30 used by connected to the cement production facility 50 as shown in FIG. 2. In this embodiment, the exhaust gas treatment facility 30 adds hydrogen to CO.sub.2 to the exhaust gas from the cement production facility 50 or CO.sub.2 that is separated and recovered from the exhaust gas to generate methane, and supplies the generated methane as an alternative fuel to a part or entire of the fossil fuel to the cement production facility 50.

Composition of Cement Production Facility

[0025] The cement production facility 50 is provided with, as the whole is shown in FIG. 2, a raw material storehouse 1 individually storing lime stone, clay, silica stone, iron material and the like as cement materials, a material mill and a dryer (hereinafter “material mill/dryer”) 2 milling and drying these cement materials, a preheater 3 preheating the powdery cement materials supplied via a material supply pipe 22 and obtained by the material mill, a calcination furnace 4 calcining the cement materials preheated by the preheater 3, a cement burning kiln 5 burning the cement materials that are calcined, and a cooler 6 and the like to cool cement clinker after burned in the cement burning kiln 5.

[0026] The cement burning kiln 5 is a lateral cylindrical rotary kiln which is slightly inclined, rotated around an axis to send the cement materials supplied in a kiln tail part 5a from the preheater 3 to a kiln front part 5b, and heats and burns to generate cement clinker at about 1450° C. by a burner 8 at the kiln front part 5b while sending. The generated cement clinker is sent out from the kiln front part 5b to the cooler 6. To the burner 8, a fuel supply line 15 supplying fuel containing fossil fuel such as coal, petroleum and the like is connected. Other than the fuel supply line 15, in order to enlarge the heat energy, a supplying system (not illustrated) of an alternative heat source such as waste plastic, waste tires and the like is also provided. The cement clinker is cooled in the cooler 6 to a prescribed temperature, then sent to a finishing step.

[0027] The preheater 3 is configured so that a plurality (four in an example shown in FIG. 2) of cyclones 13 that flow the exhaust gas occurs in the cement burning kiln 5 are vertically connected as shown in FIG. 2. Between the lowermost cyclone 13 and the next cyclone 13, the calcination furnace 4 is connected. The cement material calcined by the combustion gas of the calcination furnace 4 is supplied to the kiln tail part 5a of the cement burning kiln 5 from the lowermost cyclone 13.

[0028] The calcination furnace 4 has a burner 41 therein, and burns fuel such as coal or the like supplied from a fuel supply line 42, thereby calcining the cement material sent from the upper cyclone 13, and supplying the calcined cement material to the lowermost cyclone 13 through a riser duct 25 together with the exhaust gas generated by the calcination. The cement material is supplied from the lowermost cyclone 13 to the kiln tail part 5a of the cement burning kiln 5. The riser duct 25 sends the exhaust gas from the kiln tail part 5a of the cement burning kiln 5 to the lowermost cyclone 13, and the exhaust gas occurs in the calcination furnace 4 is also supplied to the cyclone 13 through the riser duct 25. Therefore, the exhaust gas of the cement burning kiln 5 and the exhaust gas from the calcination furnace 4 go together thorough the preheater 3 from the lower side to the upper side and then are introduced into the material mill/dryer 2 passing through an exhaust pipe 9.

[0029] The material mill/dryer 2 carries out pulverization and drying of the cement material simultaneously by introducing the exhaust gas from the calcination furnace 4 and the cement burning kiln 5. To the material mill/dryer 2, an exhaust gas treatment line 12 having a dust collector 10, a chimney 11 and the like is connected.

Configuration of Exhaust Gas Treatment Facility

[0030] The exhaust gas treatment facility 30 is provided with an exhaust gas collection line 311 collecting the exhaust gas occurred in the cement burning kiln 5 and the calcination furnace 4 before discharged from the chimney 11 a methanation device 31 separating and recovering CO.sub.2 from the exhaust gas sent from the exhaust gas collection line 311 and adding hydrogen to the separated and recovered CO.sub.2 to generate methane, and a methane supply device 32 supplying the generated methane to the cement production facility 50.

[0031] The exhaust gas collection line 311 is connected between the dust collector 10 and the chimney 11 in the exhaust gas treatment line 12 of the cement production facility 50, and collects a part of the exhaust gas generated during cement burning. Since it is the exhaust gas is generated by burning of cement, an exhaust gas due to combustion of fuel such as coal is partially included, but it contains a large amount of exhaust gas originated from lime stone.

Configuration of Methanation Device

[0032] The methanation device 31 is provided with a CO.sub.2 separation/recover device 310 that separates and recovers CO.sub.2 from the exhaust gas, a hydrogen mixing unit 316 that supplies and mixes hydrogen (for example, hydrogen gas) to CO.sub.2 separated and recovered by the CO.sub.2 separation/recover device 310 and a methane production part 317 that generates methane from CO.sub.2 in which hydrogen is mixed.

[0033] As shown in FIG. 3, the CO.sub.2 separation/recover device 310 is provided with, a harmful component removal unit 312 that removes harmful components such as SO.sub.x, NO.sub.x and the like from the exhaust gas collected in the exhaust gas collection line 311, a CO.sub.2 separation/recover unit 313 that separates and recovers CO.sub.2 from the exhaust gas from which the harmful components are removed, a compression unit 314 that compresses the recovered CO.sub.2, and a dehumidification unit 315 that removes moisture from the compressed CO.sub.2.

[0034] The exhaust gas sent from the exhaust gas collection line 311 may contain not only combustion exhaust gas of fossil fuel such as coal, petroleum coke, and heavy oil but also combustion exhaust gas of waste plastic or waste tire. In that case, CO.sub.2 is contained with about 20% for example, and a gas other than CO.sub.2 and a harmful component are included. Therefore, the harmful component removal unit 312 removes the harmful component (for example, acidification gas such as nitric oxide [NO.sub.x] or sulfur oxide [SO.sub.x]) from the exhaust gas, and is provided with a scrubber that is filled with an aqueous NaOH and the like. By removing the harmful component, since halogen is also removed with NO.sub.x, an absorber of amine compound used for the next separation/recover of CO.sub.2 is prevented from deteriorating.

[0035] The CO.sub.2 separation/recover unit 313 is made of a standard CO.sub.2 recover device, and is provided with a CO.sub.2 absorbent material (a liquid absorbent material in which an amine compound is dissolved in water, a solid absorbent material in which an amine compound is supported on a porous material, and the like) that absorbs CO.sub.2 in the exhaust gas when the exhaust gas in which the harmful components are removed comes into contact therewith. Then, by heating the CO.sub.2 absorbent material that has absorbed CO.sub.2 and the like, CO.sub.2 is taken out from the CO.sub.2 absorbent material and recovered. The CO.sub.2 separation/recover unit 313 discharges the exhaust gas after removing CO.sub.2 to the exterior. The compression unit 314 compresses the recovered CO.sub.2 by applying a pressure of 0.1 MPa or more, preferably 0.5 to 1.0 MPa. The dehumidification unit 315 removes moisture contained in CO.sub.2 by cooling the compressed CO.sub.2. This dehumidification is carried out in order to remove moisture before methanation since the moisture affects the oxidation of a Ni-based catalyst in the methanation device.

[0036] The hydrogen mixing unit 316 supplies hydrogen to the dehumidified CO.sub.2, mixes, and compresses it. The hydrogen produced by artificial light synthesis using renewable energy, decomposition of water, or the like can be utilized. The amount of hydrogen added by the hydrogen mixing unit 316 is appropriately set so that methane can be easily produced from CO.sub.2 in which hydrogen is mixed.

[0037] The methane production unit 317 generates methane from CO.sub.2 in which hydrogen is mixed. The methane production unit 317 is composed of a general methane production apparatus, provided with a plurality of reactors (not illustrated) filled with a catalyst exhibiting activity in methanation, and produces methane by supplying and reacting CO.sub.2 in which hydrogen is mixed with these reactors. For example, Ni, Pt, Pd, and Cu are used as a hydrogenation catalyst; and as the methanation catalyst, particularly, Ni and Ni alloy on which Al.sub.2O.sub.3, Cr.sub.2O.sub.3, SiO.sub.2, MgAl.sub.2O.sub.4, TiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2 or the like are supported.

Configuration of Methane Supply Device

[0038] As shown in FIG. 2, the methane supply device 32 is provided with a tank 322 compressing methane produced by the methanation device 31 by a pump 321 and storing it, and a methane supply line 323 that is connected to the tank 322 and sends methane to the burner 8 of the kiln front part 5b and the burner 41 of the calcination furnace 4 respectively. The methane supply line 323 is connected to the fuel supply line 15 supplying fuel such as coal, petroleum or the like to the burner 8 of the cement burning kiln 5, and the fuel supply line 42 supplying fuel such as coal or the like to the burner 41 of the calcination furnace 4. As a result, methane is supplied to the burners 8 and 41 together with the fuel.

CO.SUB.2 Utilizing Method

[0039] A method of reducing CO.sub.2 in the exhaust gas of the cement production facility 50 and effectively utilizing it using the above-described CO.sub.2 utilizing system will be explained with the flowchart shown in FIG. 1.

[0040] In the cement production facility 50, the powdery cement material obtained by milling and drying lime stone, clay, silica stone, iron material and the like as the cement material is preheated; the preheated cement material is subjected to the calcination and then burned, and cooled, so that the cement clinker is produced. The exhaust gas occurred in the cement burning kiln 5 and the calcination furnace 4 during the production of the cement clinker goes through the preheater 3 from the lower side to the upper side, passes through the exhaust pipe 9 to be introduced into the material mill/drier 2 for drying the cement material, then is discharged from the chimney 11 via the dust collector 10.

[0041] In this process of producing cement, a part of the exhaust gas occurred when the cement is burned is collected to the exhaust gas collection line 311 of the methanation device 31 between the dust collector 10 and the chimney 11 of the exhaust gas treatment line 12. Next, the harmful component removal unit 312 removes the harmful component from the exhaust gas. In the harmful component removal unit 312, nitrogen oxide (NOx), sulfur oxide (SOx), halogen and the like are removed. Then, CO.sub.2 is taken out from the exhaust gas by the CO.sub.2 separation/recover unit 313 and separated/recovered. At this time, the exhaust gas from which CO.sub.2 is removed is discharged outside.

[0042] Next, the compression unit 314 compresses the recovered CO.sub.2 to be 0.1 MPa or more by applying a pressure of 0.5 to 1.0 MPa, and then moisture included in CO.sub.2 is removed by the dehumidification unit 315. Then, by the hydrogen mixing unit 316, hydrogen is supplied to the dehumidified CO.sub.2 and mixed with it, then pressurized. Then, by the methane production unit 317, methane is generated from CO.sub.2 in which hydrogen is mixed.

[0043] The methane generated in this manner is stored in the tank 322 of the methane supply device 32. The methane stored in the tank 322 is supplied to the cement burning kiln 5 and the calcination furnace 4 via the methane supply line 323. In the cement burning kiln 5, fossil fuel such as petroleum, coal of the like is supplied from the fuel supply line 15, however, some of the fossil fuel can be substituted with methane by supplying methane, and the fossil fuel can be reduced. Similarly, in the calcination furnace 4, some of the fuel such as coal is substituted with methane, so that fossil fuel can be reduced.

[0044] In the present embodiment, CO.sub.2 separated and recovered from the exhaust gas from the cement production facility 50 is converted into methane, so that CO.sub.2 discharged from the cement production facility 50 can be reduced, and the methane can be effectively utilized by using the methane as an alternative fuel for the cement burning kiln 5 and the calcination furnace 4. In particular, since the fossil fuel such as coal or petroleum that is a major cause of global warming is substituted with methane derived from limestone, it is possible to reduce the use of fossil fuel, reduce CO.sub.2 of energy source, and increase the effect of reducing greenhouse gas. Moreover, using CO.sub.2 separated and recovered from the exhaust gas, high concentration methane can be produced, and methane can be more effectively used.

[0045] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and various modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0046] For example, in the above embodiment, CO.sub.2 is separated and recovered from the exhaust gas of the cement production facility 50, however, since CO.sub.2 is contained in the exhaust gas of the cement production facility 50 at a concentration of 20% and more, methane may be generated by adding hydrogen directly to the exhaust gas.

[0047] In addition, although the generated methane is supplied to both the cement burning kiln 5 and the calcination furnace 4, it may be supplied to either one of them.

[0048] Furthermore, although the methane is generated using the exhaust gas of both the cement burning kiln 5 and the calcination furnace 4, it is also possible to apply to a cement production facility having no calcination furnace; in that case, methane is generated from the exhaust gas from a cement burning kiln.

[0049] Moreover, in the present embodiment, although the methane generated from the exhaust gas from the cement production facility 50 is supplied to the cement burning kiln 5 and the calcination furnace 4 of the cement production facility 50 so it is utilized as the alternative fuel to the fossil fuel used in the cement production facility 50, but the present invention is no limited to this, it may be used as an alternative fuel to fossil fuel on the other various apparatuses and facilities. For example, it is used in a wide variety of applications as alternative fuel of fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, LNG and the like used in thermal power plants, petroleum refining facilities, natural gas purification facilities, and waste incineration facilities of waste and the like, fuel cells, and various industrial facilities, and as an alternative fuel used in ordinary homes to alternate city gas.

Industrial Applicability

[0050] It is possible to effectively use methane generated from an exhaust gas of a cement production facility as an alternative fuel to fossil fuel, reduce CO.sub.2 derived from energy, and increase an effect of reducing greenhouse gas.

TABLE-US-00001 Reference Signs List 1 Raw material store house 2 material mill/dryer 3 Preheater 4 Calcination furnace 5 Cement burning kiln 5a Kiln tail part 5b Kiln front part 6 Cooler 8 Burner 9 Exhaust pipe 10 Dust collector 11 Chimney 12 Exhaust gas treatment line 13 Cyclone 15 Fuel supply line 22 Material supply pipe 25 Riser duct 30 Exhaust gas treatment facility 31 Methanation device 310 CO.sub.2 separation/recover device 311 Exhaust gas collection line 312 Harmful component removal device 313 CO.sub.2 separation/recover unit 314 Compression unit 315 Dehumidification unit 316 Hydrogen mixing unit 317 Methane production unit 32 Methane supply device 321 Pump 322 Tank 323 Methane supply line 41 Burner 42 Fuel supply line 50 Cement production facility 100 CO.sub.2 utilizing system