Spun yarn comprising carbon staple fibers and method of preparing the same

Abstract

Disclosed herein is spun yarn and a method of preparing the same. The spun yarn includes carbon staple fibers including about 97 wt % or more of carbon, and thermoplastic resin fibers. The spun yarn includes carbon staple fibers prepared from scrap generated during manufacture of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic products, and can have good mechanical properties and conductivity.

Claims

1. Spun yarn comprising: carbon staple fibers comprising 97 wt % or more of carbon, wherein the wt % is based on the total weight of the carbon staple fibers; and thermoplastic resin fibers, wherein the spun yarn has a tensile modulus of 30 GPa to 120 GPa, as measured in accordance with ASTM D3379.

2. The spun yarn according to claim 1, wherein the carbon staple fibers are obtained by carbonizing carbon fiber-reinforced plastic scrap at 900 C. to 1,400 C.

3. The spun yarn according to claim 1, wherein the carbon staple fibers have a tensile modulus of 100 GPa to 1,000 GPa, as measured in accordance with ASTM D3379, and a volume resistivity of 110.sup.5 .Math.cm to 110.sup.3 .Math.cm, as measured in accordance with ASTM D257.

4. The spun yarn according to claim 1, wherein the carbon staple fibers have an average diameter of 5 m to 10 m and an average length of 20 mm to 80 mm.

5. The spun yarn according to claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic resin fibers comprises polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, and/or acrylic fibers.

6. The spun yarn according to claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic resin fibers have an average diameter of 5 m to 30 m and an average length of 10 mm to 110 mm.

7. The spun yarn according to claim 1, wherein the spun yarn comprises 10 wt % to 60 wt % of the carbon staple fibers and 40 wt % to 90 wt % of the thermoplastic resin fibers.

8. The spun yarn according to claim 1, wherein the spun yarn has a volume resistivity of 110.sup.2 .Math.cm to 110.sup.7 .Math.cm, as measured in accordance with ASTM D257.

9. A method of preparing spun yarn, comprising: preparing carbon staple fibers by carbonizing carbon fiber-reinforced plastic scrap at 900 C. to 1,400 C.; and preparing the spun yarn by blending the carbon staple fibers and thermoplastic resin fibers, wherein the spun yarn has a tensile modulus of 30 GPa to 120 GPa, as measured in accordance with ASTM D3379.

10. The method of preparing spun yarn according to claim 9, wherein the carbon staple fibers comprise 97 wt % or more of carbon, have an average diameter of 5 m to 10 m and an average length of 60 mm to 120 mm upon preparation of the carbon staple fibers, and have an average diameter of 5 m to 10 m and an average length of 20 mm to 80 mm after preparation of the spun yarn.

11. The method of preparing spun yarn according to claim 9, wherein the step of preparing the spun yarn by blending the carbon staple fibers and the thermoplastic resin fibers comprise carding, combing, and spinning.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(1) The above and other aspects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description of the following embodiments. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments and may be embodied in different ways, and that the embodiments are provided for complete disclosure and thorough understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art. The scope of the present invention should be defined only by the appended claims.

(2) Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

(3) Spun yarn according to the present invention includes carbon fiber staples (also referred to herein as carbon staple fibers) and thermoplastic resin fibers.

(4) According to exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the carbon staple fibers are prepared (recycled) from carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) scrap, which are residues generated during manufacture of CFRP products. For example, the carbon staple fibers may be obtained by carbonizing carbon fiber-reinforced plastic scrap at about 900 C. to about 1,400 C., for example, about 1,000 C. to about 1,300 C. Within this temperature range, carbon staple fiber including about 97 wt % or more of carbon, wherein the wt % is based on the total weight (100 wt %) of the carbon staple fibers, can be prepared.

(5) In exemplary embodiments, the carbon staple fibers of the spun yarn may include about 97 wt % or more, for example, about 98 wt % to about 99.9 wt %, of carbon, as measured by a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), and may have an average diameter (D50) of about 5 m to about 10 m, for example, about 6 m to about 8 m, and an average length (L50) of about 20 mm to about 80 mm, for example, about 30 mm to about 70 mm, as measured using a microscope. If the amount of carbon in the carbon staple fibers is less than about 97 wt %, the carbon staple fibers can suffer from decrease in tensile modulus and/or increase in volume resistivity. In addition, if the average diameter of the carbon staple fibers is less than about 5 m, the carbon staple fibers can suffer from increase in volume resistivity, and if the average diameter of the carbon staple fibers is greater than about 10 m, the carbon staple fibers are more likely to be broken. Further, if the average length of the carbon staple fibers is less than about 20 mm, the carbon staple fibers can suffer from decrease in tensile modulus, and if the average length of the carbon staple fibers is greater than about 80 mm, there is a concern of deterioration in productivity due to deterioration in workability in a carding process during preparation of the spun yarn.

(6) In exemplary embodiments, the carbon staple fibers may have a tensile modulus of about 100 GPa to about 1,000 GPa, for example, about 110 GPa to about 990 GPa, as measured in accordance with ASTM D3379. Within this range, the spun yarn including the carbon staple fibers can have good mechanical properties such as tensile modulus and the like.

(7) In exemplary embodiments, the carbon staple fibers may have a volume resistivity of about 110.sup.5 .Math.cm to about 110.sup.3 .Math.cm, for example, about 1.110.sup.5 .Math.cm to about 0.910.sup.3 .Math.cm, as measured in accordance with ASTM D257. Within this range, the spun yarn including the carbon staple fibers can have good conductivity and the like.

(8) In exemplary embodiments, the spun yarn can include the carbon staple fibers in an amount of about 10 wt % to about 60 wt %, for example, about 10 wt % to about 50 wt %, and as another example about 15 wt % to about 45 wt %, based on the total weight (100 wt %) of fibers in the spun yarn. In some embodiments, the spun yarn can include the carbon staple fibers in an amount of about 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, or 60 wt %. Further, according to some embodiments, the amount of the carbon staple fibers can be in a range from about any of the foregoing amounts to about any other of the foregoing amounts.

(9) Within this range, the spun yarn can have good mechanical properties, conductivity, and the like.

(10) According to exemplary embodiments of the invention, the thermoplastic resin fibers may be typical synthetic fibers and/or fibers formed of a thermoplastic resin used in a thermoplastic resin composition. For example, the thermoplastic resin fibers may have the same components as a thermoplastic resin used in carbon fiber-reinforced plastic products.

(11) In exemplary embodiments, the thermoplastic resin fibers may include polyamide fibers such as aramid fibers and/or nylon fibers, polyester fibers, acrylic fibers, and the like, and combinations thereof.

(12) In exemplary embodiments, the thermoplastic resin fibers may have an average diameter (D50) of about 5 m to about 30 m, for example, about 6 m to about 25 m, and an average length (L50) of about 10 mm to about 110 mm, for example, about 20 mm to about 100 mm, as measured by a microscope. Within these ranges, the spun yarn can have good mechanical properties and conductivity.

(13) In exemplary embodiments, the spun yarn can include the thermoplastic resin fibers in an amount of about 40 wt % to about 90 wt %, for example, about 50 wt % to about 90 wt %, and as another example about 55 wt % to about 85 wt %, based on the total weight (100 wt %) of fibers in the spun yarn. In some embodiments, the spun yarn can include the thermoplastic resin fibers in an amount of about 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, or 90 wt %. Further, according to some embodiments, the amount of the thermoplastic resin fibers can be in a range from about any of the foregoing amounts to about any other of the foregoing amounts.

(14) Within this range, the spun yarn can have good mechanical properties and conductivity.

(15) According to exemplary embodiments of the invention, the spun yarn may be formed by blending the carbon staple fibers and the thermoplastic resin fibers. For example, the carbon staple fibers may be formed by carbonizing carbon fiber-reinforced plastic scrap at about 900 C. to about 1,400 C., for example, about 1,000 C. to about 1,300 C., and the spun yarn may be formed by blending the carbon staple fibers and the thermoplastic resin fibers.

(16) In exemplary embodiments, the carbon staple fibers (staple fibers before blending) formed by carbonization may include about 97 wt % or more, for example, about 98 wt % to about 99.9 wt % of carbon, as measured by a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), and may have an average diameter (D50) of about 5 m to about 10 m, for example, about 6 m to about 8 m, and an average length (L50) of about 60 mm to about 120 mm, for example, about 65 mm to about 115 mm, as measured by a microscope. Within these ranges, the carbon staple fibers after spinning can have the carbon content, the average diameter and the average length as set forth above, and the spun yarn can have good mechanical properties and conductivity.

(17) In exemplary embodiments, the carbon staple fibers may have a tensile modulus of about 100 GPa to about 1,000 GPa, for example, about 110 GPa to about 990 GPa, as measured in accordance with ASTM D3379. Within this range, the spun yarn including the carbon staple fibers can have good mechanical properties such as tensile modulus.

(18) In exemplary embodiments, the carbon staple fibers may have a volume resistivity of about 110.sup.5 .Math.cm to about 110.sup.3 .Math.cm, for example, about 1.110.sup.5 .Math.cm to about 0.910.sup.3 .Math.cm, as measured in accordance with ASTM D257. Within this range, the spun yarn including the carbon staple fibers can have good conductivity.

(19) In exemplary embodiments, preparing the spun yarn by blending the carbon staple fibers and the thermoplastic resin fibers may include carding, combing, and spinning. Herein, carding refers to a process of forming thick slivers by arranging and combing the carbon staple fibers and the thermoplastic resin fibers parallel to each other; combing refers to a process of finely combing the slivers again; and spinning refers to a process of drawing and stretching the slivers, completing the spun yarn by twisting the slivers at about 100 twists per meter (TPM) to about 200 TPM, and winding the spun yarn. In addition, optionally, pre-treatment for minimizing breakage of the carbon staple fibers may be added before carding.

(20) The spun yarn according to exemplary embodiments may be formed by economically recycling carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) scrap as in the preparation method set forth above, and can realize mechanical properties and conductivity for carbon fiber-reinforced plastic products.

(21) In exemplary embodiments, the spun yarn may have a tensile modulus of about 30 GPa to about 120 GPa, for example, about 50 GPa to about 100 GPa, as measured in accordance with ASTM D3379.

(22) In exemplary embodiments, the spun yarn may have a volume resistivity of about 110.sup.2 .Math.cm to about 110.sup.7 .Math.cm, for example, about 110.sup.3 .Math.cm to about 110.sup.6 .Math.cm, as measured in accordance with ASTM D257.

(23) Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. However, it should be understood that these examples are provided for illustration only and are not to be construed in any way as limiting the present invention. Descriptions of details apparent to those skilled in the art will be omitted for clarity.

EXAMPLES

Examples 1 to 4: Preparation of Spun Yarn

(24) Carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) scrap including carbon fibers, which include 50 wt % of carbon and have an average diameter (D50) of 6 m and an average length (L50) of 90 mm, is carbonized at 1,300 C., thereby preparing carbon staple fibers (A1), which include 98 wt % of carbon and have an average diameter (D50) of 6 m, an average length (L50) of 90 mm, a tensile modulus of 250 GPa, and a volume resistivity of 110.sup.4 .Math.cm. Next, the carbon staple fibers (A1) and thermoplastic resin fibers (B) (nylon (PA6) fibers, KP Chemtech Co., Ltd.) are mixed in amounts as listed in Table 1, followed by carding, combing and spinning, thereby preparing spun yarn. The carbon staple fibers (A1) in the spun yarn have an average diameter (D50) of 6 m and an average length (L50) of 50 mm. Tensile modulus and volume resistivity of the spun yarn are measured. Results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Examples 1 to 4: Preparation of Spun Yarn

(25) Carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) scrap including carbon fibers, which include 50 wt % of carbon and have an average diameter (D50) of 6 m and an average length (L50) of 90 mm, is carbonized at 250 C., thereby preparing carbon staple fibers (A2), which include 60 wt % of carbon and have an average diameter (D50) of 6 m, an average length (L50) of 90 mm, a tensile modulus of 15 GPa and a volume resistivity of 110.sup.1 .Math.cm. Next, the carbon staple fibers (A2) and thermoplastic resin fibers (B) (nylon (PA6) fibers, KP Chemtech Co., Ltd.) are mixed in amounts as listed in Table 1, followed by carding, combing and spinning, thereby preparing spun yarn. The carbon staple fibers (A1) in the spun yarn have an average diameter (D50) of 6 m and an average length (L50) of 50 mm. Tensile modulus and volume resistivity of the spun yarn are measured. Results are shown in Table 1.

(26) Evaluation of Properties

(27) (1) Tensile modulus (unit: GPa): Tensile modulus is measured by a universal testing machine (UTM) in accordance with ASTM D3397.

(28) (2) volume resistivity (unit: .Math.cm): volume resistivity is measured by a volume resistivity tester (model: Hiresta-UP (MCP-HT450), Mitsubishi Chemical Co., Ltd.) in accordance with ASTM D257.

(29) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Example Comparative Example 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 (A1) (wt %) 50 40 30 20 (A2) (wt %) 50 40 30 20 (B) (wt %) 50 60 70 80 50 60 70 80 Tensile modulus 100 80 65 50 7 5 4 3 volume 1 10.sup.3 1 10.sup.4 1 10.sup.5 1 10.sup.6 1 10.sup.9 1 10.sup.10 1 10.sup.10 1 10.sup.11 resisitivity

(30) From the above results, it can be seen that the spun yarn according to the present invention could be prepared from the carbon staple fibers (A1) including 97 wt % or more of carbon and have good mechanical properties (tensile modulus) and conductivity (volume resistivity).

(31) Conversely, it can be seen that the spun yarn including carbon staple fibers, which include less than 97 wt % of carbon, suffer from deterioration in mechanical properties (tensile modulus) and conductivity (volume resistivity).

(32) Exemplary embodiments have been disclosed herein, and although specific terms are employed, they are to be interpreted in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purpose of limitation. Also although some embodiments have been described above, it should be understood that these embodiments are provided for illustration only and are not to be construed in any way as limiting the present invention, and that various modifications, changes, alterations, and equivalent embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.